Rapport D'evaluation Des Besoins POST

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Rapport D'evaluation Des Besoins POST 71334 Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Rapport d’Evaluation des besoins Public Disclosure Authorized POST Catastrophe Inondations urbaines à Dakar 2009 Préparé par le gouvernement de la République du Sénégal avec l’appui de la Banque Mondiale, du système des Nations Unies et de la Commission Européenne Rapport final Juin 2010 Public Disclosure Authorized Rapport d’Evaluation des besoins POST Catastrophe Inondations urbaines à Dakar 2009 Préparé par le gouvernement de la République du Sénégal avec l’appui de la Banque Mondiale, du système des Nations Unies et de la Commission Européenne Rapport final Juin 2010 TABLE DES MATIÈRES Abréviations ............................................................................................................................ ix Remerciements ......................................................................................................................... xiii Avant Propos ............................................................................................................................ xv EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ............................................................................................................. 1 1. Context of the 2009 flooding ............................................................................................ 2 2. Impacts of the 2009 flooding ................................................................................................ 3 2.1 Summary of damage and losses by sector ....................................................................... 3 2.2 Socio-economic impacts ................................................................................................. 4 3. Costs of meeting priority recovery and reconstruction needs ....................................... 5 4. Medium and long-term program for reduction of flood risks ........................................ 5 4.1 Infrastructure measures to control flooding ..................................................................... 8 4.2 Non-infrastructure measures to control flooding ............................................................. 8 4.3 Cross-cutting aspects ...................................................................................................... 9 4.4 Priority action plan .......................................................................................................... 9 RÉSUMÉ GÉNÉRAL .................................................................................................................... 11 1. Le contexte et les inondations de 2009 ............................................................................ 12 2. Les impacts des inondations de 2009 ............................................................................... 13 2.1 Résumé des dommages et pertes par secteurs ................................................................ 13 2.2 Impacts socioéconomiques ............................................................................................. 14 3. Les coûts des besoins prioritaires de relèvements et de reconstruction ....................... 15 4. Le programme de réduction des risques d’inondations à moyen et long terme .......... 15 4.1 Mesures infrastructurelles pour maitriser les inondations ................................................. 18 4.2 Mesures non infrastructurelles pour maitriser les inondations .......................................... 18 4.3 Aspects transversaux ...................................................................................................... 19 4.4 Plan d’actions prioritaires ................................................................................................ 19 INTRODUCTION ......................................................................................................................... 21 CHAPITRE I : Les inondations de 2009 ..................................................................................... 25 1.1 Le contexte économique, social et climatique du pays et des zones affectées .................. 25 1.1.1 Le contexte économique et social ......................................................................... 25 1.1.2 Le contexte environnemental et climatique ........................................................... 26 1.2 Description et ampleur des inondations de 2009 ............................................................. 29 1.2.1 Au niveau de la zone périurbaine de Dakar ........................................................... 29 1.2.2 Au niveau des autres régions du Sénégal .............................................................. 31 1.3 La réponse du gouvernement, des collectivités locales, et des partenaires ....................... 32 CHAPITRE II : Impacts sectoriels, macro-economiques et sociaux des inondations de 2009 35 2.1 Résumé de l’évaluation des dommages et des pertes ...................................................... 36 iv | Rapport d’Evaluation des besoins POST Catastrophe : Inondations urbaines à Dakar 2009 2.1.1 Les dommages et des pertes dans les zones périurbaines de Dakar ........................ 37 2.1.2 Les dommages et les pertes dans le reste du pays ................................................. 39 2.2 Impact des inondations par secteur ................................................................................. 40 2.2.1 Secteur des infrastructures .................................................................................... 40 a) Transports ....................................................................................................... 40 b) Eau et assainissement (incluant les déchets solides) ......................................... 42 c) Energie ........................................................................................................... 44 2.2.2 Secteurs sociaux .................................................................................................. 46 d) Logement ....................................................................................................... 46 e) Infrastructures urbaines et communautaires .................................................... 48 f) Santé/Nutrition ............................................................................................... 50 g) Sécurité alimentaire ........................................................................................ 52 h) Education ....................................................................................................... 55 2.2.3 Secteurs productifs ............................................................................................... 58 i) Agriculture ..................................................................................................... 58 j) Industrie/Commerce, PME, secteur informel .................................................... 60 2.2.4 Secteurs transversaux ............................................................................................ 62 k) Environnement / Zones protégées et parcs nationaux (capital naturel et ses infrastructures et services) ......................................................................... 62 2.3 Impact socio-économique de l’inondation 2009 .............................................................. 64 2.3.1 La situation économique avant inondation ............................................................ 64 2.3.2 Un impact macroéconomique limité de l’inondation 2009..................................... 65 a) Impact au niveau de la croissance économique ............................................... 65 b) Impact des inondations sur les finances publiques de l’État en 2009 ............... 66 c) Impact sur le secteur extérieur ........................................................................ 66 d) Impact macroéconomique à moyen terme ...................................................... 66 2.3.3 Des impacts notoires sur les conditions de vie des ménages .................................. 67 a) Impact sur le revenu et les moyens de subsistance des ménages ..................... 68 b) Inondation et pauvreté ................................................................................... 68 c) Inondation et vulnérabilité sociale ................................................................... 69 CHAPITRE III : Evaluation des besoins de relèvement et de reconstruction ......................... 71 3.1 Stratégie de relèvement et de reconstruction .................................................................. 71 3.2 Plan d’Action Sectoriel de relèvement, de reconstruction et de réduction des risques ...... 74 3.2.1 Protection sociale et sécurité alimentaire ............................................................... 74 a) Santé .............................................................................................................. 74 b) Sécurité alimentaire ........................................................................................ 77 c) Education ....................................................................................................... 80 d) Logement ....................................................................................................... 82 3.2.2 Les infrastructures et services de base ................................................................... 85 e) Transport et voirie urbaine .............................................................................. 85 f) Energie ..........................................................................................................
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