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Road Travel Report: Senegal

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Road Travel Report: Senegal ROAD TRAVEL REPORT: SENEGAL KNOW BEFORE YOU GO… Road crashes are the greatest danger to travelers in Dakar, especially at night. Traffic seems chaotic to many U.S. drivers, especially in Dakar. Driving defensively is strongly recommended. Be alert for cyclists, motorcyclists, pedestrians, livestock and animal-drawn carts in both urban and rural areas. The government is gradually upgrading existing roads and constructing new roads. Road crashes are one of the leading causes of injury and An average of 9,600 road crashes involving injury to death in Senegal. persons occur annually, almost half of which take place in urban areas. There are 42.7 fatalities per 10,000 vehicles in Senegal, compared to 1.9 in the United States and 1.4 in the United Kingdom. ROAD REALITIES DRIVER BEHAVIORS There are 15,000 km of roads in Senegal, of which 4, Drivers often drive aggressively, speed, tailgate, make 555 km are paved. About 28% of paved roads are in fair unexpected maneuvers, disregard road markings and to good condition. pass recklessly even in the face of oncoming traffic. Most roads are two-lane, narrow and lack shoulders. Many drivers do not obey road signs, traffic signals, or Paved roads linking major cities are generally in fair to other traffic rules. good condition for daytime travel. Night travel is risky Drivers commonly try to fit two or more lanes of traffic due to inadequate lighting, variable road conditions and into one lane. the many pedestrians and non-motorized vehicles sharing the roads. Drivers commonly drive on wider sidewalks. Be alert for motorcyclists and moped riders on narrow Secondary roads may be in poor condition, especially sidewalks. during the rainy season. Most lack adequate lighting and have few road markings. Drivers frequently use horns. Taxi drivers use horns to solicit passengers. Coastal region: The road network is fairly well developed. Main roads are generally in fair to good Many drivers lack adequate driver training. condition. Roads nearest the coast may flooded or Vehicles are often poorly maintained. damaged or during intense storms. Southern region: The road network is less developed. GENERAL ROAD CONDITIONS Roads are often in poor condition. Restrict travel to Compared to other West African countries, Senegal has major paved routes. an extensive network of main roads. ROAD TRAVEL REPORT: SENEGAL 1 © ASIRT 2009 Interior region: Roads are generally in poor condition. HEAVY GOODS VEHICLES: Four-wheel-drive (4WD) vehicles are recommended for National routes linking Dakar to major cities in Senegal travel in remote areas, especially in the rainy season. In and neighboring countries carry 80% of the HGV the dry season, be alert for sand drifts on the roads. traffic in the country. Eastern region: In the Kédougou Department, most Overloaded heavy goods vehicles (HGVs) are a major roads are footpaths or feeder roads. Many roads are factor in deterioration of road surfaces. Damage to road impassible during rainy season. All-weather feeder surfaces occurs most rapidly in sections over bridges roads in the region include: Dalato-Sayansoutou (26 and culverts. km), Bandafassi-Bagnomba (31 km), Kossanto-Bransan About 31% of heavy goods vehicles are overloaded. (24 km), and Dianké Makam-Goudiry (62 km). Average level of overloading is 25% above the vehicle’s Maintenance of feeder roads is inadequate. maximum capacity. Check with the US Embassy regarding current The eight routes most heavily used by HGVs: conditions at border crossings. o National Route 1, Dakar-Diam Niadia-Mbour- National roads have route numbers with an “N” prefix. Fatick-Kaolack-Kaffrine and Tambacounda-Kidira National roads include: sections o N1: Diourbel-Kaolack-Tambacounda-Kidira-Diboli o National Route 2, Diam Niadia-Theis-Tivaouoane- (Mali) Louga-Saint Louis-Dagana and Haere Lao-Matam o N2: Kaolack-Thiés-Saint Louis-Richard Toll-Ouro sections Sogui-Kidira o National Route 3, Thies-Bambey-Diourbel-Mbake o N3: Thiés-Diourbel-Touba-Linguére-Ouro Sogui and Touba-Dara sections o N4: Kaolack-Trans-Gambia Highway-Bignona- o National Route 4, Diourbel-Gossas, Kaolack-Keur Ziguinchor-(Guinea-Bissau) Ayip, through Gambia to Senoba and Bignona- o N5: Bignona-Diouloulou-(Gambia) Ziguinchor sections o N6: Tambacounda-Kolda-Zigunichor o National Route 6, Tambacounda-Velingara-Kolda o N7: Tambacounda-Dar Salam-Niokolo Koba- and Tanaf-Zinguinchor sections Kedougou-Segou-(Guinea) o R10/R70, Rufisque-Bayak-Mboro section Many national routes are part of the Trans-African o R60, Mbake-Mbar-Kaffrine section Highway network. About 80% of roads in the Trans- o R30/R31, Louga to Touba section African Highway network are in fair condition. COASTAL EROSION Completion of upgrading/construction work in the Erosion is a serious threat to coastal region. The network is expected in 2015. majority of the country’s population, tourist areas, o About 85% of the network’s rural feeder roads are in economic centers, industrial complexes and main roads poor condition. Improvements in some feeder roads are in this region. are in progress. Water levels in the Atlantic are rising, causing increased When driving on sand: coastal erosion. Senegal is losing about 1 meter of its o If not experienced with a 4WD vehicle, learn how coast annually. More seriously affected sections are the vehicle responds under different conditions losing up to 10 meters annually. before traveling across country. Land Rovers and Excessive harvesting of mangrove forests has made the Land Cruisers are less likely to turn over than lighter coast more vulnerable to storm damage. The risk of 4WD vehicles. road closures and flooding is higher than in past. In o Sand may drift onto paved roads. Slow down when southern Senegal, mangrove forests are almost approaching a sand drift. Stop if necessary, but be completely depleted in Toubacouta (Sine Saloum alert for traffic coming up behind. Reduce gear and region). drive through the drift slowly. o If approaching a rough section of road, reduce speed Much of Senegal consists of rolling plains. Southeastern and drop down one gear, but do not stop. Senegal has some foothills. o When driving in deep sand, reduce air pressure in tires to increase traction. ROAD TRAVEL REPORT: SENEGAL 2 © ASIRT 2009 URBAN TRAVEL Modes of transport for traveling to work in urban areas: Main urban roads generally are fairly well maintained. o Walking, cycling or other non-motorized transport Roads are often poorly lit. modes: 44.8% o Taking a bus or minibus: 45.5% Secondary roads generally lack road markings and may be unpaved. o Driving personnel vehicle: 9.3% o Taking a train or tram: 0.4% Pedestrians are difficult to see. o Migration to urban areas is increasing. Most of these The traffic mix contains a much higher percentage of migrants live in informal settlements at fringes of pedestrians, cyclists, motorcyclists, livestock and larger cities. The settlements generally lack basic city animal-drawn carts than in most cities in developed services. Public transportation is inadequate. Roads countries. in the settlements are often just dirt paths. All- Growth of coastal communities is generally weather road connections with the city are lacking. unregulated. Construction on low-lying coastal areas increases risk of flooding during severe storms. DAKAR: CONDITIONS USEFUL INFORMATION Dakar is a travel hub for Senegal and neighboring countries Dakar is on the southern end of Cape Verde Peninsula. in West Africa. Temperatures are usually moderate except from June to Three routes in the Trans-African Highway network end or October. pass through the city: Cairo-Dakar Highway, Dakar- Sandaga, the city’s largest market, is at the intersection of Ndjamena Highway and Dakar-Lagos Highway. Lamine Guèye, Peytavin, Emile Badiane, and Ponty The city is on the narrow, long (30 km) Cape Verde Avenues. Streets and stalls are crowded. Be alert for petty Peninsula. Most commercial and financial establishments crime and scams. are at the end of the peninsula. During rush hour, most Public transport accounts for 70%, walking for 25% and traffic from residential areas uses the city’s two main private vehicles for 5% of traffic in the city. roads, the coastal road and the new expressway. The bus system is inadequate and crowded during rush hour. Drive cautiously to avoid road crashes. Taxis and buses are often in poor condition. Use caution when driving at night, due to poorly lit streets Dakar Demm Dikk (DDD) buses provide reliable service. and vehicles. The name means “Dakar coming and going.” During rush hour, major roads are heavily congested, o DDD’s fleet is inadequate to handle rush hour traffic. especially near the port and industrial areas. Traffic jams Buses are often overcrowded, and travel is slow in are common in city center and at major intersections. rush hour. Intersections on major roads are being improved. The o Schedules and routes change on Sunday and holidays. improvements are reducing congestion. Website: www.demdikk.com. Navigating the city’s streets is difficult. There are few road o Route maps are often incomplete. Ask a resident for signs. Traffic patterns change frequently. Many roads are help finding the right bus. under construction. AFTU buses, a newer minivan service provide a safer A 4-lane highway links the Presidential Palace and the alternative to “cars rapides.” AFTU are blue and white, and Meridian-President Hotel. are often overcrowded. There many routes in Garage Petersen suburb. Beggars and street hawkers weave in and out of slow- moving traffic to sell wares to motorists. “Cars rapides” and Ndiaga Ndiayes account for 65% of available public transportation within the city. Disruptions in Dakar’s transport system reduce the country’s GDP by about 5%. o “Cars rapides” are small, privately owned, 25- passenger buses; generally in poor condition. Many High traffic congestion and air pollution levels cause great drivers are poorly trained and drive recklessly.
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