Review of Hydrological Conditions in the Year 2008
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Hidrološki letopis Slovenije 2008 The 2008 Hydrological Yearbook of Slovenia II. DEL: PREGLED HIDROLOŠKIH RAZMER V LETU 2008 PART II: REVIEW OF HYDROLOGICAL CONDITIONS IN THE YEAR 2008 25 ARSO Hidrološki letopis Slovenije 2008 The 2008 Hydrological Yearbook of Slovenia PODNEBNE ZNA ČILNOSTI LETA 2008 CLIMATE CONDITIONS 2008 Mag. Florjana Ulaga Florjana Ulaga, MSc Podnebje so leta 2008 zaznamovali neobi čajno The climate in the year 2008 was marked by an topla januar in februar, neobi čajno hladen unusually warm January and February, september, pomanjkanje padavin oktobra in uncharacteristically cold September, precipitation ve čino novembra ter zelo izdatne padavine v shortage in October and most of November and decembru. Poletje so zaznamovala števila mo čna substantial precipitation in December. The neurja. Povpre čna letna temperatura zraka je bila summer was marked by several severe v vsej državi nad dolgoletnim povpre čjem. thunderstorms. The annual mean air temperature was above the multi-annual average across the Podrobneje so podnebne zna čilnosti leta 2008 country. opisane v mese čnih biltenih Agencije RS za okolje. The climate conditions in the year 2008 are described in detail in the monthly bulletin of the Padavine Environmental Agency of the Republic of Slovenia. V letu 2008 je bilo, razen na vzhodnem in Precipitation jugozahodnem delu, v ve čjem delu Slovenije preseženo dolgoletno povpre čje padavin (sliki 1 in In most parts of Slovenia, save for the eastern and 2). Presežek je bil najve čji v severozahodni south-western part, the multi-annual average of Sloveniji. Najve č padavin so namerili na Kredarici, precipitation (Figure 1 and 2) was exceeded in 2180 mm. V pretežnem delu države je padavin 2008. The precipitation surplus was the largest in najbolj primanjkovalo v za četku leta in septembra north-western Slovenia. The greatest precipitation (slika 3). Januar in februar sta bila povsod values were recorded on Kredarica, 2180 mm. In podpovpre čno namo čena, v Murski Soboti je most of the country a precipitation deficit was primanjkljaj znašal celo 87 %. Padavine v marcu in recorded at the beginning of the year and in aprilu so v ve čjem delu presegale obdobno September (Figure 3). January and February povpre čje, maja in junija pa je bila koli čina padavin recorded below average precipitation across the ponovno podpovpre čna. Julij je bil v ve čjem delu country, with the deficit even reaching 87% in države nadpovpre čno namo čen. Mo čna neurja so Murska Sobota. Precipitation in March and April in povzro čala poplave in zemeljske plazove ter most parts exceeded the periodical average, while gospodarsko škodo, tudi na gozdovih. Na the precipitation level yet again dropped below the Goriškem je julijski presežek znašal kar 130 %. average in May and June. July recorded above- Izjemno malo padavin je bilo izmerjenih julija v average precipitation in most parts of the country. Portorožu, kjer je bil primanjkljaj 42-odstoten glede Severe thunderstorms caused floods and na dolgoletno povpre čje. V avgustu je v povpre čju landslides and great economic damage to the padla obi čajna koli čina padavin, september pa je forests too. The July surplus in Goriško (Gorica bil izredno suh, kar je povzro čilo daljše obdobje area) amounted to 130%. Extremely low nizkih voda slovenskih rek. V osrednji Sloveniji in precipitation was recorded in July in Portorož, na Obali je primanjkljaj znašal ve č kot 70 %. Tudi where the deficit stood at 42% compared to the oktober je bil, razen v visokogorju, zelo suh, kar je multi-annual period average. August was average povzro čilo še dodatno upadanje pretokov rek. in terms of precipitation while September was Obdobje s podpovpre čno koli čino padavin se je extremely dry resulting in a longer period of low nadaljevalo v november; nadpovpre čno padavin je water levels in Slovenian rivers. The central part of novembra padlo le v jugozahodnem delu države. Slovenia and the Coast recorded a deficit Decembra so bile padavine povsod po državi nad exceeding 70%. Even October was, save for the dolgoletnim povpre čjem. high mountain area, very dry, which caused an additional decline in the river discharges. The period of below-average precipitation continued into November, with the only above-average precipitation levels recorded in the south-western part of the country. In December, precipitation was above the multi-annual period across the country. 26 ARSO Hidrološki letopis Slovenije 2008 The 2008 Hydrological Yearbook of Slovenia 2008 2500 2000 1500 1000 500 padavine /padavine precipitation (mm) 0 evje č Celje Lesce Godnje rnomelj Maribor Ko Ljubljana Postojna Č Bizeljsko e-Planica Kredarica e e Portorož č č Novo Novo mesto Slovenj Gradec Rate Murska Sobota Letališ Bilje Novi pri Gorici Slika 1: Višina padavin 2008 na izbranih postajah Figure 1: The precipitation level in 2008 at the selected stations 2008 25 20 15 10 5 % 0 evje Celje -5 č Lesce Godnje rnomelj Maribor Ko Ljubljana Postojna Č Bizeljsko e-Planica Kredarica e e Portorož č -10 č Novo Novo mesto Slovenj Gradec Rate Murska Sobota -15 Letališ Bilje pri Novi Gorici -20 Slika 2: Odstopanje višine padavin v letu 2008 od povpre čja obdobja 1961–1990 na izbranih postajah Figure 2: Precipitation level discrepancy in 2008 from the 1961-1990 reference period average at the selected stations 27 ARSO Hidrološki letopis Slovenije 2008 The 2008 Hydrological Yearbook of Slovenia Kredarica Kredarica 300 150 250 200 100 150 50 100 % 0 50 jan feb mar apr maj jun jul avg sep okt nov dec padavine / precipitation (mm) 0 -50 jan feb mar apr maj jun jul avg sep okt nov dec -100 2008 Kredarica 1961-1990 Bilje Bilje 300 150 250 100 200 150 50 100 % 0 50 jan feb mar apr maj jun jul avg sep okt nov dec padavine / precipitation (mm) 0 -50 jan feb mar apr maj jun jul avg sep okt nov dec 2008 Bilje 1961-1990 -100 Portorož Portorož 180 150 150 100 120 90 50 60 % 0 30 jan feb mar apr maj jun jul avg sep okt nov dec padavine / precipitation (mm) 0 -50 jan feb mar apr maj jun jul avg sep okt nov dec -100 2008 Portorož 1961-1990 Ljubljana Ljubljana 250 150 200 100 150 50 100 % 0 50 jan feb mar apr maj jun jul avg sep okt nov dec padavine /padavine precipitation (mm) 0 -50 jan feb mar apr maj jun jul avg sep okt nov dec -100 2008 Ljubljana 1961-1990 Novo mesto Novo mesto 180 150 150 120 100 90 50 60 % 0 30 jan feb mar apr maj jun jul avg sep okt nov dec padavine / padavine precipitation (mm) 0 -50 jan feb mar apr maj jun jul avg sep okt nov dec -100 2008 Novo mesto 1961-1990 Murska Sobota Murska Sobota 180 150 150 100 120 90 50 60 % 0 30 jan feb mar apr maj jun jul avg sep okt nov dec padavine / precipitation (mm) 0 -50 jan feb mar apr maj jun jul avg sep okt nov dec -100 2008 M.Sobota 1961-1990 Slika 3: Mese čna višina padavin v letu 2008 v primerjavi s povprečjem obdobja 1961−1990 in odklon mese čnih padavin od obdobnega povpre čja Figure 3: Monthly volume of precipitation in 2008 compared to the multi-annual 1961–1990 reference period and the monthly precipitation deviation from the periodical average 28 ARSO Hidrološki letopis Slovenije 2008 The 2008 Hydrological Yearbook of Slovenia Izredni padavinski dogodki Extreme precipitation events Leto 2008 si bomo zapomnili predvsem po izrazitih The year 2008 shall be remembered mainly for the julijskih neurjih in izdatnih decembrskih padavinah. severe thunderstorms in July and heavy Julija so v ve čjem delu države divjala neurja, ki so precipitation in December. Thunderstorms raged povzro čala poplave, zemeljske plazove in škodo in July in most parts of the country causing floods, na kmetijskih in gozdnih površinah. Delež padavin landslides and damage to the rural and forest je bil mo čno presežen v osrednjem delu zahodne areas. The precipitation levels were greatly Slovenije ter v osrednjem delu države. Najve č exceeded in the central part of western Slovenia padavin so julija namerili v Kamniški Bistrici (311 and in central Slovenia. The highest levels were mm), presežek dolgoletnega povpre čja pa je bil recorded in Kamniška Bistrica (311 mm) in July najve čji v Biljah pri Novi Gorici (129 %). while the multi-annual average was exceeded by the highest amount in Bilje pri Novi Gorici (129%). Decembra je bilo dolgoletno povpre čje padavin The multi-annual average of precipitation was preseženo v vsej državi. Med 10. in 11. exceeded across the country in December. decembrom je Slovenijo zajelo mo čno deževje. Slovenia was hit by heavy rain between 10 Najve č padavin je padlo v jugozahodnem delu – v December and 11 December. The largest share pore čju reke Reke, v zgornjem Poso čju in na fell in the south-western part – in the river basin of Goriškem. V Ilirski Bistrici so v decembru namerili the Reka River, in the upper part of Poso čje and in 372 mm padavin, kar presega obdobno povpre čje Goriško. 372 mm of precipitation was recorded in kar za 215 %. Reka Reka je mo čno poplavljala. Illirska Bistrica in December, exceeding the Glede na sredozemski preto čni režim je bil periodical average by no less than 215%. The padavinski in s tem preto čni višek decembra 2008 Reka River flooded extensively. With regard to the zelo izrazit. Tudi v osrednji Sloveniji je bila koli čina Mediterranean discharge regime, the precipitation decembrskih padavin mo čno pove čana, v Ljubljani and consequently the discharge surplus was very so namerili 225 mm, kar presega obdobno noticeable in December 2008.