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PEACE Info (September 16, 2019)

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PEACE Info (September 16, 2019) − Reconciliation Key to Developing Myanmar’s Democracy, President Says − Myanmar Military MP Echoes Dictator, Suggests Current Democracy ‘Chaotic’ − RCSS: Four Years After NCA, Peace Process ‘Isn’t Moving Anywhere’ − Kyaingtong talks to include military matters for first time − Tatmadaw lieutenant-generals to attend meeting with Northern Alliance groups − Commander-in-Chief Min Aung Hlaing turning over a new leaf? − Armed conflicts likely to intensify in Kokang, Ta,ang and Rakhine − Namhsan Locals ‘Hide in Their Homes’ During Tatmadaw, TNLA Clash − One killed, hundreds flee in new Shan fighting − Civilian Dies, 6 Hurt as Villages Shelled in Clash Between AA, Myanmar Military − Hundreds Flee Burma Army, TNLA Clashes in Namhsan − Ta'ang Villagers Flee Myanmar Army Bombardment − Driver Shot, Injured by Tatmadaw in Kutkai − 5 villagers wounded in naval firing − Shan people opposes IFC’s study promoting dams in Namtu river: NGO − Locals Protest Meeting on Myitnge Hydropower Project − Locals Protest IFC Meeting in Taunggyi, Citing Hydropower Investments − Six arrested in precursor seizure − Police Make Multimillion Dollar ‘Ice’ Bust in Shan State Border Town − လူထုကို ဖိႏွိပ္တဲ့ အာဏာရွင္စနစ္ ျပန္မေရာက္ေအာင္ ညီညြတ္ၾကဖို႔ သမၼတ တိုက္တြန္း − “ပရမ္းပတာ ဒီမိုကေရစီ” မျဖစ္ဖို႔ လိုဟု တပ္မေတာ္ ေျပာ − ၿငိမ္းခ်မ္းေရးေဆြးေႏြးရန္ ၿငိမ္းခ်မ္းေရးေကာ္မရွင္ႏွင့္ တပ္ကိုယ္စားလွယ္အဖြဲ႕ က်ိဳင္းတုံသို႔ ေရာက္ရွိ − က်ဳိင္းတုံေဆြးေႏြးပြဲ တက္မည့္ ေျမာက္ပုိင္းလက္နက္ကုိင္ေလးဖြဲ႕ မုိင္းလားေဒသသို႔ ေရာက္ရွိ − အစိုးရႏွင့္ ေျမာက္ပိုင္းေလးဖြဲ႕ေဆြးေႏြးပြဲ ရလဒ္အေပၚမူတည္ၿပီး ရက္တိုးမည္ − အပစ္ရပ္ ေစာင့္ၾကည့္ေရး ေကာ္မတီရွိရန္ လိုဟု ေျမာက္ပိုင္း မဟာမိတ္ ေျပာ − ၿငိမ္းခ်မ္းေရးေဆြးေႏြးပြဲအေပၚ ေမွ်ာ္လင့္ခ်က္မ်ား − က်ိဳင္းတံုေဆြးေႏြးပဲြ အလားအလာ − ရခိုင္ျပည္နယ္အတြင္း AA တပ္တည္ရွိမႈကိစၥ ႏွစ္ဖက္လက္ခံမႈရရွိေအာင္ ညိႇႏႈိင္းသင့္ဟု ALP ေျပာၾကား − ကရင္အာဇာနည္ေန႔ကို ဥပေဒႏွင့္အညီ မွ်တစြာေဆာင္ရြက္ရန္ အစဥ္အလာရွိအဖြဲ႔မ်ားပါသည့္ ၁၈ ဖဲြ႔ေျပာ − တိုင္းရင္းသားအခြင့္အေရး အသိအမွတ္ျပဳေလးစားရန္ ကရင္လူငယ္ေဆြးေႏြးပြဲ သေဘာထားထုတ္ျပန္ − ေနာ္အုန္းလွအား အျမန္ဆုံးလႊတ္ေပးေရး UNA ေတာင္းဆို − ခ်င္းျပည္နယ္ ဟားခါးၿမိဳ႕တြင္ တည္ေဆာက္မည့္ ဗိုလ္ခ်ဳပ္ေအာင္ဆန္းေၾကး႐ုပ္တုႏွင့္ပတ္သက္၍ ကန႔္ကြက္ေၾကာင္း ခ်င္းလူငယ္ကြန္ရက္ သေဘာထားထုတ္ျပန္ − ဟားခါးၿမိဳ႕၌ ဗိုလ္ခ်ဳပ္႐ုပ္တု စုိက္ထူမည့္အေပၚ ခ်င္းလူငယ္ကြန္ရက္ ကန္႔ကြက္ − ေဖာက္ခြဲေရးပစၥည္းမ်ားႏွင့္အတူ AA အဖြဲ႕၀င္ႏွစ္ဦးကုိဖမ္းဆီးမိမႈသတင္း ေပါက္ၾကားသျဖင့္ စုံစမ္းစစ္ေဆးမႈတြင္ အခက္အခဲရွိဟု မႏၲေလးတိုင္း၀န္ႀကီးခ်ဳပ္ေျပာ − စစ္ကုိင္းတံတား ဗုံးခြဲမည့္သတင္း မဟုတ္မွန္ေၾကာင္း သမၼတ႐ုံးေျပာ Page 1 of 68 − ဘုရားတြင္ TNLA တပ္စြဲ၍ တိုက္ပြဲျဖစ္ရဟု တပ္မေတာ္ ေျပာ − ႏွစ္ဖက္အပစ္ရပ္ေၾကညာထားေသာ္လည္း တပ္မေတာ္ႏွင့္ TNLA နမ့္ဆန္တြင္ တုိက္ပြဲျပင္းထန္ − တိုက္ပြဲမ်ားေၾကာင့္ အေျခအေန ပိုဆိုးလာႏိုင္ဟု ညီေနာင္မဟာမိတ္ ၃ ဖြဲ႕ ထုတ္ျပန္ − ေက်ာက္ေတာ္တြင္ တိုက္ပြဲျဖစ္၍ အရပ္သား ၁ ဦးေသ၊ ၆ ဦး ဒဏ္ရာရ − သၽွမ္းေျမာက္ နမ့္ဆန္ စစ္ေရွာင္ ၁ေထာင္ေက်ာ္ရွိ၊ ၂ဖက္တပ္ စစ္ေရးတင္းမာေနဆဲ − အပစ္ရပ္ေဆြးေႏြးပြဲ က်င္းပရန္တစ္ရက္အလုိအထိ နမ့္ဆန္တြင္ တုိက္ပြဲျဖစ္ေန၊ စစ္ေရွာင္ဦးေရ ၁,၆၀၀ အထိရွိလာ − နမ့္ဆန္ တိုက္ပြဲၾကား ေဒသခံ ၁၀၀၀ ေက်ာ္ တိမ္းေရွာင္ေနရ − အရပ္သားထိခိုက္နစ္နာေစသည့္ ပစ္ခတ္မႈမ်ားကို တအာင္း (ပေလာင္) အမ်ိဳးသားပါတီ ျပင္းထန္စြာကန္႔ကြက္ − မိုင္းပ်ဥ္းၿမိဳ႕နယ္ ေက်းရြာ အုပ္ခ်ဳပ္ေရးမွူးႏွင့္ေဒသခံ အမ်ိဳးသားတဦးကို တပ္မေတာ္က ေခၚယူရိုက္ႏွက္စစ္ေဆး − မင္းျပားၿမိဳ႕နယ္တြင္ တပ္မေတာ္ႏွင့္ ေအေအတို႔ တိုက္ပြဲျပင္းထန္ − ပန္းေျမာင္းတိုက္ပြဲတြင္ တပ္မေတာ္က ေလေၾကာင္းမွ ဗုံးႀကဲတိုက္ခိုက္ − ေက်ာက္ေတာ္ၿမိဳ႕နယ္၌ တိုက္ပြဲျဖစ္ပြားၿပီး အရပ္သား ၁ ဦးေသ၊ ၇ ဦး ဒဏ္ရာရ − ေနရပ္ျပန္သူမ်ားလာသျဖင့္ ျမန္မာ - ထိုင္းနယ္စပ္ ဒုကၡသည္စခန္းမ်ားတြင္ လူဦးေရေလ်ာ့က် − ခ်င္းျပည္နယ္၌ ေရအားလွ်ပ္စစ္ ထုတ္ရန္ တ႐ုတ္ကုမၸဏီ၂ ခု ရင္းႏွီးျမႇုပ္ႏွံမည္ − မူးယစ္ ေဆးဝါးမွ ရရွိေသာေငြ လႊဲေျပာင္းမႈျဖင့္ မႏၲေလးက ေငြလႊဲလုပ္ငန္းသမား ၃ ဦးကို အမႈဖြင့္ − သၽွမ္းေရွ႕ တာခ်ီလိတ္ၿမိဳ႕နယ္ က်ပ္သိန္း ၁ေထာင္ မူးယစ္ ဖမ္းဆီးရမိ − မူးယစ္ကုန္သည္ ထုိင္းႏုိင္ငံသား ၁၃ ဦးကုိ တပ္မေတာ္က မူးယစ္တပ္ဖြဲ႕သုိ႔ လႊဲေျပာင္း ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Page 2 of 68 Reconciliation Key to Developing Myanmar’s Democracy, President Says By Nan Lwin | 16 September 2019 Myanmar State Counselor Daw Aung San Suu Kyi (right) and President U Win Myint (left) enter the Parliament building in Naypyitaw to attend an event marking International Democracy Day 2019 on Sunday. / Htet Naing Zaw / The Irrawaddy YANGON—President U Win Myint on Sunday urged all citizens to understand that “democracy in Myanmar is still in the fledgling stage”, adding that in order to strengthen democratic practices, national differences should be resolved through negotiations built on the basic foundations of tolerance, patience and forgiveness. At an event to celebrate International Democracy Day 2019 in the capital Naypyitaw, President U Win Myint emphasized that racial problems and disagreements are the major obstacles to the development of democracy in countries that lack it or in which it is in the fledgling stage. Amid the country’s ongoing struggle to sign ceasefire agreements with ethnic armed groups, he stressed that broader participation by ethnic people is very important for effective democratization, peacebuilding and developing a democratic federal republic. “Absolute trust in democracy should be developed with national reconciliation by avoiding hate speech and by overcoming animosity,” he said. This year’s theme for International Democracy Day was “Participation”. The event was attended by Myanmar State Counselor Daw Aung San Suu Kyi, Union ministers, lawmakers, government officials, ambassadors, and representatives of political parties and international organizations. In his 12-minute speech, U Win Myint asked people to help maintain and foster democracy in Myanmar. He also assured ethnic groups in Myanmar that the government is striving to bring about a democratic federal republic to restore democracy and federal rights. U Win Myint said, “Reciprocally, the practices of a federal system will strengthen the country’s democracy. Fundamental democratic norms and federal principles must not be neglected. These principles ensure equal rights and self-rule for ethnic people, and help them live in unity.” Last month, clashes escalated between the military and three of the four Northern Alliance (NA) members in many townships in northern Shan State, forcing thousands of villagers to flee their homes. The government’s Peace Commission and representatives of the NA met in Page 3 of 68 late August in Kengtung, eastern Shan State. While both sides have agreed to meet in Kengtung again next week, the fighting continues in northern Shan State. The President said, “The right solution will be found when every stakeholder brings an open mind and a fair opinion.” In his speech, he did not forget to mention the National League for Democracy (NLD) government’s effort to amend the 2008 military-drafted Constitution, even though the effort has drawn strong objections from military appointees in Parliament and lawmakers from the military-backed Union Solidarity and Development Party (USDP). U Win Myint said the norms of democracy and basic human rights should be enshrined in the charter by creating, amending and withdrawing constitutional provisions and laws. “It is very important to filter out destructive acts during the process of democratization. Moreover, practices that value democracy and human rights should be included in this process,” he added. State Counselor Daw Aung San Suu Kyi’s speech for International Democracy Day urged Myanmar people to help democracy thrive, and to balance self-interest with the public interest while doing so. “If we really value democracy and wish to see it flourish, we must strike a balance between self-interest and public interest. More and more countries and institutions are accepting democracy through the belief that majority actions are more effective for [achieving the] majority interest,” she said. “Some people think that democracy is just for self-gain. A person always thinking about self- gain is one who fails to appreciate [democracy’s] value,” she said. She said she hopes that all citizens are willing to serve democracy, adding that having the wisdom to know how to apply one’s individual capability is of vital importance. At the event, June Kunugi, the UNICEF representative to Myanmar, read out a message sent by the UN Secretary General. Also present were military lawmakers and representatives of the NLD, Wa Democratic Party (WDP), National Unity Party (NUP), Kokang Democracy and Unity Party (KDUP), Kachin State People’s Party (KSPP), Lisu National Development Party (LNDP), Pa-O National Organization (PNO), Zomi Congress for Democracy (ZCD), Ta’ang (Palaung) National Party (TNP), Shan Nationalities Democratic Party (SNDP), Arakan National Party (ANP) and USDP. Myanmar has held events to mark International Democracy Day in Naypyitaw since 2011. https://www.irrawaddy.com/news/burma/reconciliation-key-to-developing-myanmars- democracy-president-says.html ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Page 4 of 68 Myanmar Military MP Echoes Dictator, Suggests Current Democracy ‘Chaotic’ By Htet Naing Zaw | 16 September 2019 Lieutenant Colonel Kyaw Moe Aung speaks at the International Day of Democracy. NAYPYITAW—In an address to an event marking the International Day of Democracy in Naypyitaw on Sunday, a military appointee to the Lower House of Parliament implied that the country’s current democracy is “chaotic.” “Myanmar’s democracy must be a disciplined one,” said Lieutenant Colonel Kyaw Moe Aung in his address. “It must be a regulated democracy [practiced in accordance with] legal provisions and procedures. If it is not a disciplined democracy, and if one stretches the laws as one pleases, [democracy] can be chaotic,” he told the members of the press.
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    Strength in Diversity: Towards Universal Education in Myanmar’s Ethnic Areas Kim Jolliffe and Emily Speers Mears October 2016 1 Acknowledgements The authors would like to thank all of the ethnic basic education providers that have worked for many years to serve their communities. In particular, the Karen Education Department, Karen Teacher Working Group, Mon National Education Committee and Department, and the Rural Development Foundation of Shan State and associates, all gave their time, resources, advice and consideration to make this report possible. Additionally, World Education, Myanmar Education Consortium, UNICEF, Child’s Dream, Save the Children, and all at the Education Thematic Working Group have been instrumental in the development of this work, providing information on their programs, making introductions, discussing their own strengths and challenges, providing feedback on initial findings, and helping to paint a deeper picture of what international support to ethnic basic education looks like. In particular, big thank yous to Dr. Win Aung, Aye Aye Tun, Dr. Thein Lwin (formerly worked for the Ministry of Education), Craig Nightingale, Amanda Seel, Catherine Daly, and Andrea Costa for reviewing early drafts of the paper and providing invaluable feedback, which has helped the report grow and develop considerably. About the Authors Having worked in Southeast Asia for over eight years, Kim Jolliffe is an independent researcher, writer, analyst and trainer, specializing in security, aid policy, and ethnic politics in Myanmar/Burma. He is the lead researcher on the Social Services in Contested Areas (SSCA) research project. Emily Speers Mears is a researcher and policy adviser specializing in education and conflict in fragile states.
  • Non-State Armed Groups in the Myanmar Peace Process: What Are the Future Options?

    Non-State Armed Groups in the Myanmar Peace Process: What Are the Future Options?

    A Service of Leibniz-Informationszentrum econstor Wirtschaft Leibniz Information Centre Make Your Publications Visible. zbw for Economics Kyed, Helene Maria; Gravers, Mikael Working Paper Non-state armed groups in the Myanmar peace process: What are the future options? DIIS Working Paper, No. 2014:07 Provided in Cooperation with: Danish Institute for International Studies (DIIS), Copenhagen Suggested Citation: Kyed, Helene Maria; Gravers, Mikael (2014) : Non-state armed groups in the Myanmar peace process: What are the future options?, DIIS Working Paper, No. 2014:07, ISBN 978-87-7605-702-2, Danish Institute for International Studies (DIIS), Copenhagen This Version is available at: http://hdl.handle.net/10419/122295 Standard-Nutzungsbedingungen: Terms of use: Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Documents in EconStor may be saved and copied for your Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden. personal and scholarly purposes. Sie dürfen die Dokumente nicht für öffentliche oder kommerzielle You are not to copy documents for public or commercial Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugänglich purposes, to exhibit the documents publicly, to make them machen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen. publicly available on the internet, or to distribute or otherwise use the documents in public. Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur Verfügung gestellt haben sollten, If the documents have been made available under an Open gelten
  • Art of Not Being Governed : an Anarchist History of Upland Southeast Asia / James C

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    The Art of Not Being Governed An Anarchist History of Upland Southeast Asia James C. Scott Yale University Press New HaveN & LoNdoN Yale Agrarian Studies Series James C. Scott, series editor The Agrarian Studies Series at Yale University Press seeks to publish outstanding and original interdisciplinary work on agriculture and rural society—for any period, in any location. Works of daring that question existing paradigms and fill abstract categories with the lived-experience of rural people are especially encouraged. —James C. Scott, Series Editor Published with assistance from the Mary Cady Tew Memorial Fund. Copyright © 2009 by Yale University. All rights reserved. This book may not be reproduced, in whole or in part, including illustrations, in any form (beyond that copying permitted by Sections 107 and 108 of the U.S. Copyright Law and except by reviewers for the public press), without written permission from the publishers. Designed by James J. Johnson and set in Ehrhardt type by Tseng Information Systems, Inc. Printed in the United States of America. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Scott, James C. The art of not being governed : an anarchist history of upland Southeast Asia / James C. Scott. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. isbN 978-0-300-15228-9 (cloth : alk. paper) 1. Ethnology—Southeast Asia. 2. Peasantry— Southeast Asia—Political activity. 3. Southeast Asia—Politics and government—1945–. 4. Southeast Asia—Rural conditions. I. Title. ds523.3.s36 2009 305.800959—dc22 2009003004 A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. This paper meets the requirements of aNSI/NISO Z39.48-1992 (Permanence of Paper).
  • The Dynamics of Conflict in the Multiethnic Union of Myanmar PCIA - Country Conflict-Analysis Study

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    Umschlag Vordruck.pdf 18.03.2010 16:20:04 STUDY The Dynamics of Conflict in the Multiethnic Union of Myanmar PCIA - Country Conflict-Analysis Study TIMO KIVIMÄKI & PAUL PASCH C October 2009 M Y CM MY CY CMY K n Crucial developments are taking place in Burma / Myanmar’s political landscape. Generation change, the change of the nominal political system, and the recovery from a major natural disaster can lead to many directions. Some of these changes can possibly pave the way for violent societal disruptions. n As an external actor the international community may further add to political tensions through their intervening policies. For this reason it is very important that the international community assesses its impact on the agents and structure of conflict in Burma / Myanmar. n This study aims at mapping the opportunities and risks that various types of international aid interventions may have in the country. n The study utilizes and further develops the peace and conflict impact assessment methodology of the Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung. THE DYNAMICS OF CONFLICT IN THE MULTIETHNIC UNION OF MYANMAR Table of Contents FOREWORD 5 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS .................................................................................................. 11 PART I: CONFLICTS AND THEIR MAPPING ................................. 13 Introduction .................................................................................................................... 13 Background and Objectives ............................................................................................

  • Non-State Armed Groups in the Myanmar Peace Process: What Are the Future Options? Helene Maria Kyed and Mikael Gravers

    DIIS WORKINGDIIS WORKING PAPER 2014:07PAPER Non-State Armed Groups in the Myanmar Peace Process: What are the Future Options? Helene Maria Kyed and Mikael Gravers DIIS Working Paper 2014:07 WORKING PAPER WORKING 1 DIIS WORKING PAPER 2014:07 HELENE MARIA KYED Seniorforsker, forskningsområdet Fred, Risiko & Vold, DIIS [email protected] MIKAEL GRAVERS Lektor i antropologi, Aarhus Universitet [email protected] DIIS Working Papers make available DIIS researchers’ and DIIS project partners’ work in progress towards proper publishing. They may include important documentation which is not necessarily published elsewhere. DIIS Working Papers are published under the responsibility of the author alone. DIIS Working Papers should not be quoted without the express permission of the author. DIIS WORKING PAPER 2014:07 © The authors and DIIS, Copenhagen 2014 DIIS • Danish Institute for International Studies Østbanegade 117, DK-2100, Copenhagen, Denmark Ph: +45 32 69 87 87 E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.diis.dk Layout: Allan Lind Jørgensen Printed in Denmark by Vesterkopi AS ISBN: 978-87-7605-701-5 (print) ISBN: 978-87-7605-702-2 (pdf) Price: DKK 25.00 (VAT included) DIIS publications can be downloaded free of charge from www.diis.dk 2 DIIS WORKING PAPER 2014:07 TABLE OF CONTENTS Abstract 5 Introduction 7 The armed conflict in Myanmar – in brief 9 Colonialism and the ensuing ethnic divide 9 Conflicts after Independence and previous ceasefires 10 The ethnic NSAGs: The examples of Karen and Mon 12 The Karen 13 The Mon 15 The challenging peace negotiations (2012–2014)

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    report Burma (Myanmar): The Time for Change By Martin Smith Acknowledgements Minority Rights Group International Minority Rights Group International (MRG) gratefully acknowl- Minority Rights Group International (MRG) is a non-govern- edges the support of all organizations and individuals who mental organization (NGO) working to secure the rights of gave financial and other assistance for this report ethnic, religious and linguistic minorities and indigenous peo- ples worldwide, and to promote cooperation and The Author understanding between communities. Our activities are Martin Smith is a writer and journalist specializing in Burmese focused on international advocacy, training, publishing and and ethnic minority affairs. He is author of Burma: Insurgency outreach. We are guided by the needs expressed by our and the Politics of Ethnicity, and he has reported for a variety worldwide partner network of organizations which represent of media, including the Guardian and the BBC. His television minority and indigenous peoples. work includes the documentaries, Dying for Democracy (UK Channel Four) and Forty Million Hostages (BBC). He has also MRG works with over 130 organizations in nearly 60 coun- written papers and reports for a number of academic institu- tries. Our governing Council, which meets twice a year, has tions and non-governmental organizations, including Article members from 10 different countries. MRG has consultative 19, World University Service, Tokyo University of Foreign Stud- status with the United Nations Economic and Social Council ies and Anti-Slavery International. Other publications include (ECOSOC), and is registered as a charity and a company Ethnic Groups in Burma: Development, Democracy and limited by guarantee under English law.
  • Burmese Nationalism and Christianity in Myanmar: Christian Identity and Witness in Myanmar Today

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    Concordia Seminary - Saint Louis Scholarly Resources from Concordia Seminary Doctor of Philosophy Dissertation Concordia Seminary Scholarship 12-1-2016 Burmese Nationalism and Christianity in Myanmar: Christian Identity and Witness in Myanmar Today Zam Khat Kham Concordia Seminary, St. Louis, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://scholar.csl.edu/phd Part of the Christian Denominations and Sects Commons Recommended Citation Kham, Zam Khat, "Burmese Nationalism and Christianity in Myanmar: Christian Identity and Witness in Myanmar Today" (2016). Doctor of Philosophy Dissertation. 22. https://scholar.csl.edu/phd/22 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Concordia Seminary Scholarship at Scholarly Resources from Concordia Seminary. It has been accepted for inclusion in Doctor of Philosophy Dissertation by an authorized administrator of Scholarly Resources from Concordia Seminary. For more information, please contact [email protected]. BURMESE NATIONALISM AND CHRISTIANITY IN MYANMAR: CHRISTIAN IDENTITY AND WITNESS IN MYANMAR TODAY A Dissertation Presented to the Faculty of Concordia Seminary, St. Louis, Department of Systematic Theology in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy By Zam Khat Kham December 2015 Approved by Joel Biermann, PhD Advisor Joel Okamoto, ThD Reader Victor Raj, ThD Reader © 2015 by Zam Khat Kham. All rights reserved. Dedicated to: My Mother, Vung Khaw Hau, who raised me to love God and His Word after my father’s early death in 1971, and my wife, Go Khan Lun, who is a true life-companion for me since 1989 when we were united to be blessed with six precious children, four daughters and two sons.
  • THE BIBLIOGRAPHY of BURMA (MYANMAR) RESEARCH: the SECONDARY LITERATURE (2004 Revision)

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    SOAS Bulletin of Burma Research Bibliographic Supplement (Winter, 2004) ISSN 1479- 8484 THE BIBLIOGRAPHY OF BURMA (MYANMAR) RESEARCH: THE SECONDARY LITERATURE (2004 Revision) Michael Walter Charney (comp.)1 School of Oriental and African Studies “The ‘Living’ Bibliography of Burma Studies: The Secondary Literature” was first published in 2001, with the last update dated 26 April 2003. The SOAS Bulletin of Burma Research has been expanded to include a special bibliographic supplement this year, and every other year hereafter, into which additions and corrections to the bibliography will be incorporated. In the interim, each issue of the SOAS Bulletin of Burma Research will include a supplemental list, arranged by topic and sub- topic. Readers are encouraged to contact the SOAS Bulletin of Burma Research with information about their publications, hopefully with a reference to a topic and sub-topic number for each entry, so that new information can be inserted into the bibliography correctly. References should be submitted in the form followed by the bibliography, using any of the entries as an example. Please note that any particular entry will only be included once, regardless of wider relevance. Eventually, all entries will be cross-listed to indicate other areas where a particular piece of research might be of use. This list has been compiled chiefly from direct surveys of the literature with additional information supplied by the bibliographies of numerous and various sources listed in the present bibliography. Additional sources include submissions from members of the BurmaResearch (including the former Earlyburma) and SEAHTP egroups, as well as public domain listings of personal publications on the internet.