An Account of the Process of Urbanization and Urban Development in North Bengal Before Independence
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Rivers of Peace: Restructuring India Bangladesh Relations
C-306 Montana, Lokhandwala Complex, Andheri West Mumbai 400053, India E-mail: [email protected] Project Leaders: Sundeep Waslekar, Ilmas Futehally Project Coordinator: Anumita Raj Research Team: Sahiba Trivedi, Aneesha Kumar, Diana Philip, Esha Singh Creative Head: Preeti Rathi Motwani All rights are reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced or utilised in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, without prior permission from the publisher. Copyright © Strategic Foresight Group 2013 ISBN 978-81-88262-19-9 Design and production by MadderRed Printed at Mail Order Solutions India Pvt. Ltd., Mumbai, India PREFACE At the superficial level, relations between India and Bangladesh seem to be sailing through troubled waters. The failure to sign the Teesta River Agreement is apparently the most visible example of the failure of reason in the relations between the two countries. What is apparent is often not real. Behind the cacophony of critics, the Governments of the two countries have been working diligently to establish sound foundation for constructive relationship between the two countries. There is a positive momentum. There are also difficulties, but they are surmountable. The reason why the Teesta River Agreement has not been signed is that seasonal variations reduce the flow of the river to less than 1 BCM per month during the lean season. This creates difficulties for the mainly agrarian and poor population of the northern districts of West Bengal province in India and the north-western districts of Bangladesh. There is temptation to argue for maximum allocation of the water flow to secure access to water in the lean season. -
This Study Was Held from December'2007 to Septrmber'2008
Bangladesh Journal of Environmental Research, Vol. 11, 94-110, 2020 ISSN: 1996-8914 Application of Environmental Remote Sensing for Updating Geo- Archaeological Records Mizanur Rahman1*, Md Saifuzzaman2, S. Dara Shamsuddin2 1 United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR), Cox's Bazar-4700, Bangladesh 2 Department of Geography & Environment, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka-1342, Bangladesh (Received: 20 March 2020, Revised: 25 June 2020, Accepted: 28 June 2020, Online: 30 June 2020) Abstract Documentation, conservation, and preservation of archaeological sites and artefacts in Bangladesh call for rapid non-invasive methods of scientific investigation in order not to disturb the sites and situation in a densely populated country with considerable fluvio-geomorphological changes. Remote Sensing (RS) and GIS with appropriate use of other supplementary information is an advantageous method of identification and analysis of archaeological features and environmental characteristics of archaeological sites. We had earlier proposed a five-step methodological approach to developing a geospatial database on the physical and cultural aspects of archaeological sites using RS and GIS technologies and tested in six archaeological sites of various sizes, periods, and environmental conditions. The current study is a further exploration of the proposed method in two little known archaeological sites, namely Mainamatir Garh (or Mainamatir Kot) and Dharmapaler Garh, less than 4 km apart in Domar and Jaldhaka Upazilas of Nilphamari District. The local inhabitants have encroached the sites and divided up into plots for their settlements. Consequently, the ramparts of the mud fort are threatened by massive human disturbance. It is also under threat of river erosion flowing along Mainamatir Garh. Freely available multispectral and high-spatial remote sensing data provided additional measurement capabilities of various artefacts in the sites. -
Archaeology and Development / Peter G. Gould
Theme01: Archaeology and Development / Peter G. Gould Poster T01-91P / Mohammed El Khalili / Managing Change in an ever-Changing Archeological Landscape: Safeguard the Natural and Cultural Landscape of Jarash T01-92P / Wai Man Raymond Lee / Archaeology and Development: a Case Study under the Context of Hong Kong T01A / RY103 / SS5,SS6 T01A01 / Emmanuel Ndiema / Engaging Communities in Cultural Heritage Conservation: Perspectives from Kakapel, Western Kenya T01A02 / Paul Edward Montgomery / Branding Barbarians: The Development of Renewable Archaeotourism Destinations to Re-Present Marginalized Cultures of the Past T01A03 / Selvakumar Veerasamy / Historical Sites and Monuments and Community Development: Practical Issues and ground realities T01A04 / Yoshitaka SASAKI / Sustainable Utilization Approach to Cultural Heritage and the Benefits for Tourists and Local Communities: The Case of Akita Fortification, Akita prefecture, Japan. T01A05 / Angela Kabiru / Sustainable Development and Tourism: Issues and Challenges in Lamu old Town T01A06 / Chulani Rambukwella / ENDANGERED ARCHAEOLOGICAL LANDSCAPE OF THE WORLD HERITAGE CITY OF KANDY AND ITS SUBURBS IN SRI LANKA T01A07 / chandima bogahawatta / Sigiriya: World’s Oldest Living Heritage and Multi Tourist Attraction T01A08 / Shahnaj Husne Jahan Leena / Sustainable Development through Archaeological Heritage Management and Eco-Tourism at Bhitargarh in Bangladesh T01A09 / OLALEKAN AKINADE / IGBO UKWU ARCHAEOLOGICAL HERITAGE AS A BOOST TO NIGERIAN CULTURAL HERITAGE OLALEKAN AJAO AKINADE, [email protected] -
Sculptures of the Goddesses Manasā Discovered from Dakshin Dinajpur District of West Bengal: an Iconographic Study
International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Invention (IJHSSI) ISSN (Online): 2319 – 7722, ISSN (Print): 2319 – 7714 www.ijhssi.org ||Volume 10 Issue 4 Ser. I || April 2021 || PP 30-35 Sculptures of the Goddesses Manasā Discovered from Dakshin Dinajpur District of West Bengal: An Iconographic Study Dr Rajeswar Roy Assistant Professor of History M.U.C. Women’s College (Affiliated to The University of Burdwan) Rajbati, Purba-Bardhaman-713104 West Bengal, India ABSTRACT: The images of various sculptures of the goddess Manasā as soumya aspects of the mother goddess have been unearthed from various parts of Dakshin Dinajpur District of West Bengal during the early medieval period. Different types of sculptural forms of the goddess Manasā are seen sitting postures have been discovered from Dakshin Dinajpur District during the period of our study. The sculptors or the artists of Bengal skillfully sculpted to represent the images of the goddess Manasā as snake goddess, sometimes as Viṣahari’, sometimes as ‘Jagatgaurī’, sometimes as ‘Nāgeśvarī,’ or sometimes as ‘Siddhayoginī’. These artistic activities are considered as valuable resources in Bengal as well as in the entire world. KEYWORDS: Folk deity, Manasā, Sculptures, Snake goddess, Snake-hooded --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Date of Submission: 20-03-2021 Date of Acceptance: 04-04-2021 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- I. INTRODUCTION Dakshin Dinajpur or South Dinajpur is a district in the state of West Bengal, India. It was created on 1st April 1992 by the division of the erstwhile West Dinajpur District and finally, the district was bifurcated into Uttar Dinajpur and Dakshin Dinajpur. Dakshin Dinajpur came into existence after the division of old West Dinajpur into North Dinajpur and South Dinajpur on 1st April, 1992. -
Artuklu Human and Social Science Journal
Artuklu Human and Social Science Journal ARTICLE http://dergipark.gov.tr/itbhssj The Formation of Bengal Civilization: A Glimpse on the Socio-Cultural Assimilations Through Political Progressions Key words: in Bengal Delta 1. Bengal Delta Abu Bakar Siddiq1 and Ahsan Habib2 2. Socio-cultural Abstract assimilation The Bengal Delta is a place of many migrations, cultural transformations, invasions 3. Aryan and religious revolutions since prehistoric time. With the help of archaeological and historical records, this essay present the hypothesis that, albeit there were multiple 4. Mauryan waves of large and small scale socio-cultural assimilations, every socio-political 5. Medieval period change did not brought equal formidable outcome in the Delta. The study further illustrates that, the majority of cultural components were formulated by Indigenous- Aryan-Buddhist assimilations in early phase, whereas the Buddhist-Aryan-Islamic admixtures in relatively forbearing and gracious socio-political background of medieval period contributed the final part in the formation of Bengal Civilization. INTRODUCTION one of the most crowed human populations in the world The Bengal Delta (i.e. present Bangladesh and West with a density of more than 1100 people per square mile. Bengal in India) is the largest delta in the world (Akter The physiological features of Bengal delta is completely et al., 2016). Annual silt of hundreds of rivers together river based. River has tremendous effect on the with a maze of river branches all over this Green Delta formation of landscape, agriculture and other basic made it as one of the most fertile regions in the world. subsistence, trade and transport, as well as cultural Additionally, amazing landscape, profound natural pattern of its inhabitants. -
Shiura-Cowries-2017.Pdf
Mongolia 32 Munkhtulga Rinchinkhorol Protection of Cultural Heritage in Urban Areas in Mongolia: The Tonyukuk Complex Nepal 39 Suresh Suras Shrestha Post Earthquake Conservation, Reconstruction and Rehabilitation in Nepal: Current Status New Zealand 44 Matthew Schmidt Heritage on the Move: The preservation of William Gilbert Rees ca. 1864 Meat Shed Pakistan 50 Tahir Saeed A Recent Study of the Individual Buddha Stone Sculptures from Gandhara, Pakistan Philippines 56 Louella Solmerano Revilla Restoration of the Roman Catholic Manila Metropolitan Cathedral-Basilica Sri Lanka 62 D.A. Rasika Dissanayaka Vee bissa and Atuwa: Earthen Structures for Storing Granary in Ancient Sri Lanka Uzbekistan 66 Akmal Ulmasov Preliminary Results of Archaeological Researches in the Karatepa Buddhist Center (in 2014-2015) Vanuatu 70 Richard Shing Identifying Potential Archaeological Sites on a Polynesian Outlier – Preliminary Archaeological Survey on Futuna Bangladesh Bangladesh Especial Type of Ancient Pottery — Northern Black Polished Ware (NBPW) — Obtained from Mahasthangarh (Ancient Pundranagara) Archaeological Site and Its Chronological Study Mst. Naheed Sultana, Regional Director Department of Archaeology, Ministry of Cultural Affairs, People’s Republic of Bangladesh Introduction: Clay or mud is a very ordinary thing, and is thickened grooved rim. There was very fine fabric, with a simply a covering of earth. This earth has been used for grey and black core and well levigated. Both surfaces were different works since 10,000 years ago (Singh 1979:1). For very smooth, and were black slipped, red slipped and our existence in the world, in our daily work, in religious, polished. cultural, and political works and royal orders, clay has been the greatest and most invaluable material. -
CHANDRAKETUGARH – Rediscovering a Missing Link in Indian History
CHANDRAKETUGARH – rediscovering a missing link in Indian history (Project Codes AIB and GTC) A synoptic collation of three research by the SandHI Group INDIAN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY KHARAGPUR Patron-Advisor Ms. Amita Sharma Advisor to HRM, MHRD, Government of India Former Additional Secretary (Technical), MHRD, Government of India Advisor Prof. Partha P. Chakrabarti Director, IIT Kharagpur Monitoring Cell Prof. Sunando Dasgupta Dean, Sponsored Research and Consultancy Cell, IIT Kharagpur Prof. Pallab Dasgupta Associate Dean, Sponsored Research and Consultancy Cell, IIT Kharagpur Principal Investigator (overall) Prof. Joy Sen Department of Architecture & Regional Planning, IIT Kharagpur Vide order no. F. NO. 4-26/2013-TS-1, Dt. 19-11-2013 (36 months w.e.f 15-1-2014 and 1 additional year for outreach programs) Professor-in-Charge Documentation and Dissemination Prof. Priyadarshi Patnaik Department of Humanities & Social Sciences, IIT Kharagpur Research Scholars Group (Coordinators) Sunny Bansal, Vidhu Pandey, Prerna Mandal, Arpan Paul, Deepanjan Saha Graphics Support Tanima Bhattacharya, Sandhi Research Assistant, SRIC, IIT Kharagpur ISBN: 978-93-80813-37-0 © SandHI A Science and Heritage Initiative, IIT Kharagpur Sponsored by the Ministry of Human Resources Development, Government of India Published in September 2015 www.iitkgpsandhi.org Design & Printed by Cygnus Advertising (India) Pvt. Ltd. 55B, Mirza Ghalib Street 8th Floor, Saberwal House, Kolkata - 700016 www.cygnusadvertising.in Disclaimer The information present in the Report offers the views of the authors and not of its Editorial Board or the publishers. No party involved in the preparation of material contained in SandHI Report represents or warrants that the information contained herein is in every respect accurate or complete and they are not responsible for any errors or omissions or for the results obtained from the use of such material. -
FORTS of INDIA Anurit Vema
FORTS OF INDIA Anurit Vema *'9^7” \ < > k M' . J . i <• : » I : *='>- >.% ' nvjl •I' 4 V FORTS OF INDIA ■ \ f 0i''. ■ V'; ’ V, , ’' I* ;■'; -r^/A ci''> Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2018 with funding from Public.Resource.org https ;//archive.org/details/fortsofindiaOOverm JAMkJ AND KASHMIR FORTS OF INDIA HARIPARBAT "■^Arot kangraW ( HIMACHAL\ ( .' V.PRADESH\ r PUNJAB S', i /kalibangM ■'HARYANA > ARUNACHAL PRADESH ®BIKANER \ A/ D. AMBEr'f-X UTTAR PRADESH^-'... ® RAJASTHAN ® X BHUTAN "'^JAISALMER BHARATPUR’^A--^,@i®/lGPA JODHPUR /^^f^ji^^i^gff^j^^®^ BWALIOR J ALLAHABAD ROHTASGARH MEGHALAYA 'KUMBHALGARH % (\ \ ®\ .0 n.1 , ^•‘-fCHUHAR BANGLADESH TRIPURA f AHtAADABAD ■> WEST C !■ r'^' BENGALI, ® .^XHAMPANIR MADHYA PRADESH FORT WILLIAM A RAT /rOABHOlV ®MANDU BURMA DAULATABAD MAHARASHTRA ^AHMEDNABAR SHJVNER ARABIAN SEA mSINHGARH l\i,' WARANGAL 1, bay of BENGAL RAIGARH . /“ < GULBARGA GOLKUNOA PANHALA BIJAPUR JANDHRA PRADESH VUAYANAGAR iKARNATAKA| '^RJRANGAPATAM m GINGEEi LAKSHADWEEP (INDIA) SRI \ INDIAN OCEAN LANKA 6aMd upon Survey ol India outline map printed in 1980 The territorial waters of India extend into the sea to a distance of twelve nautical miles measured from the appropriate base line. ) Government of India copyrliht. The twundary of Meghalaya shown on this map is as interpreted from the Nonh-Eestern Areas (Reorgamaaiion) Act, 1971. but has yet to be venlied 49 FORTS OF INDIA AMRIT VERMA PUBLICATIONS DIVISION MINISTRY OF INFORMATION AND BROADCASTING GOVERNMENT OF INDIA May 1985 {Jyaistha 1907) ® Publications Division Price -
The Bengalis: a Thousand Years
Bengalis Thousand Years 8670/ 021116 The BengAlis: A ThousAnd YeArs Jawhar Sircar The last few days of a century that also happen to be at the end of a whole millennium, are bound to stir a strange excitement in even the most placid person. The two most expected feelings that hold their sway can perhaps be summarized as: introspection and expectation — drawing a balance sheet of the past as also trying to gauge what the future holds. Such an exercise can cover not only a single person or his immediate concerns; it may as well cover his locality, his state or nation and may be stretched to entire humanity. The constraints of my acquaintance and knowledge hardly qualify me to scan any group higher or bigger than my own people: the Bengalis. Even in this, my limitations now plague me more than my enthusiasm to try out such a review — but these notwithstanding; the sheer thrill of initiating an animated adda on the subject overpowers me. At the beginning, let me make it clear that I do not have the audacity to try to cover a thousand years in just a few pages: hence I will concentrate only on certain significant periods or issues, for the sake of presenting a viewpoint. So let us begin: are the Bengalis a thousand years old? Or even more? Historians tell us about our history during the Pala- Sena period, which would give us about 1250 years to be proud of, but if we include the great Sasanka, we could be share-holders in a great concern that goes back fourteen centuries. -
Archaeology, Cultural Heritage Protection and Community
Archaeology, Cultural Heritage Protection and Community Engagement in South Asia Robin Coningham · Nick Lewer Editors Archaeology, Cultural Heritage Protection and Community Engagement in South Asia Editors Robin Coningham Nick Lewer Durham University Coral Associates Ltd Durham, UK Skipton, UK ISBN 978-981-13-6236-1 ISBN 978-981-13-6237-8 (eBook) https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-6237-8 Library of Congress Control Number: 2019933316 © The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd., part of Springer Nature 2019 Chapters 1, 5 and 12 are licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). For further details see license information in the chapters. This work is subject to copyright. All rights are solely and exclusively licensed by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifcally the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microflms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specifc statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. -
Bibliography Part I: Primary Sources A
Bibliography Part I: Primary Sources A. Inscription: I. Temple Inscription: Dinajpur (Bangarh) Stone Pillar Inscription: A Stone pillar 8‟4‟‟ in height, found at Bangarh in Dinajpur in Modern Bengal, bears a short inscription in Sanskrit, recording the erection of a Siva temple by a king of Kamboja family-Kunjaraghatavarsa. It helps in tracing the early history of the Koch. Rautkuchi Copper plate Inscription of Purushottamdasa. The inscription records the grants of village, Rautkuchi, near modern Nalbari in Kamrup district to a Brahmin, Dharmakanta, by a Bhuyan named Purushottamdasa in Saka 1251 (AD1329). It throws light on the political history of the Kamarupa kings who ruled before the Koch. The Hayagriiva Madhava Temple Inscription: The rebuilding of the temple by king Raghudeva Narayan in the Saka1505 has been engraved in this inscription. The Kamakshya Temple Inscription: This inscription has recorded the rebuilding of the Kamakshya temple by Malladeva (Nara Narayan) and Sukladhvja (Chilarai) in the Saka 1487. The KamatesvariTemple Inscription: The inscription in engraved in the temple of Kamatesvari has recorded its building by King Prana Naranan in the Saka 1587. The Pandunath Temple Inscription: This inscription has recoded the rebuilding of the Pandunath Temple by king Raghudeva in the Saka 1585. 236 II. Compiling and Edited Works on the Inscription: Bhattacharyya, P.N, (ed.): Kamarupa Sasanavali, Rangpur, Rangpur Sahitya Parisad, 1338 B.S. Neog, Maheswar (ed.): Prachya Sasanavali, Guwahati, Assam PrakashanParisad, 1974. Sharma, M.M., (ed.): Inscription of Ancient Assam, Guwahati, Guwahati University, 1978. B. Numismatic Collection: I. Collection of Sri Sankar Bose, Kolkata, Mr. Anup Mitra, Kolkata, Sri Jahar Srkar, Agartala, Md. -
From Pure Copper to High–Tin Bronzes
SUPERIOR COPPER METALLURGY OF EASTERN INDIA AND BANGLADESH IN MEDIEVAL PERIOD: FROM PURE COPPER TO HIGH–TIN BRONZES Prasanta K. Datta* Pranab K. Chattopadhyay* Introduction The history of East India and Bangladesh has been pushed back to Paleolithic, Chalcolithic and subsequent early historic times by the findings of archaeological excavations at Paharpur[1], Bangarh[2], Pandu Rajar Dhibi[3], Mangalkot[4], Mahasthan[5], Wari-Bateswar[6] and elsewhere around Singhbhum copper belt. Other than the mass of copper-bearing materials collected from the explored sites, very often a large number of copper tools, in caches, so called “copper hoards” have been obtained at places nearby. Whatever be the source, fortunately metals preserve their history of processing, of their chemical extraction and physical transformation, in their microstructures. Therefore, a study of their microstructures can predict their production processes, if assisted with suitable archaeological evidences of mines, slag, crucibles or molds. Characterisation of four copper samples taken from different sites in chronological order starting with in and around Christian era from 1st millennium B.C. to 1st millennium A.D. to reconstruct the remarkable development of copper metallurgy, in Eastern India and Bangladesh. 2.0 Description of samples 2.1 Fragment of a bar-celt, Khuntitoli, (Ranchi), Manbhum Copper hoard The fragment (Fig.1) is the cutting end of the bar-celt[7] used in scooping the earth of agricultural field, locally known as “khurpi”. This is a pure copper casting (99%) but full of gas holes and seems to be made in open molds with poor gating. The purity (over 99%) is an excellent example of pure copper, though melting and casting techniques deserve more improvement for good casting production.