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Assessing the Training and Operational Proficiency of China's
C O R P O R A T I O N Assessing the Training and Operational Proficiency of China’s Aerospace Forces Selections from the Inaugural Conference of the China Aerospace Studies Institute (CASI) Edmund J. Burke, Astrid Stuth Cevallos, Mark R. Cozad, Timothy R. Heath For more information on this publication, visit www.rand.org/t/CF340 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data is available for this publication. ISBN: 978-0-8330-9549-7 Published by the RAND Corporation, Santa Monica, Calif. © Copyright 2016 RAND Corporation R® is a registered trademark. Limited Print and Electronic Distribution Rights This document and trademark(s) contained herein are protected by law. This representation of RAND intellectual property is provided for noncommercial use only. Unauthorized posting of this publication online is prohibited. Permission is given to duplicate this document for personal use only, as long as it is unaltered and complete. Permission is required from RAND to reproduce, or reuse in another form, any of its research documents for commercial use. For information on reprint and linking permissions, please visit www.rand.org/pubs/permissions. The RAND Corporation is a research organization that develops solutions to public policy challenges to help make communities throughout the world safer and more secure, healthier and more prosperous. RAND is nonprofit, nonpartisan, and committed to the public interest. RAND’s publications do not necessarily reflect the opinions of its research clients and sponsors. Support RAND Make a tax-deductible charitable contribution at www.rand.org/giving/contribute www.rand.org Preface On June 22, 2015, the China Aerospace Studies Institute (CASI), in conjunction with Headquarters, Air Force, held a day-long conference in Arlington, Virginia, titled “Assessing Chinese Aerospace Training and Operational Competence.” The purpose of the conference was to share the results of nine months of research and analysis by RAND researchers and to expose their work to critical review by experts and operators knowledgeable about U.S. -
People's Liberation Army Air Force Aviation Training at the Operational
C O R P O R A T I O N From Theory to Practice People’s Liberation Army Air Force Aviation Training at the Operational Unit Lyle J. Morris, Eric Heginbotham For more information on this publication, visit www.rand.org/t/RR1415 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data is available for this publication. ISBN: 978-0-8330-9497-1 Published by the RAND Corporation, Santa Monica, Calif. © Copyright 2016 RAND Corporation R® is a registered trademark. Limited Print and Electronic Distribution Rights This document and trademark(s) contained herein are protected by law. This representation of RAND intellectual property is provided for noncommercial use only. Unauthorized posting of this publication online is prohibited. Permission is given to duplicate this document for personal use only, as long as it is unaltered and complete. Permission is required from RAND to reproduce, or reuse in another form, any of its research documents for commercial use. For information on reprint and linking permissions, please visit www.rand.org/pubs/permissions. The RAND Corporation is a research organization that develops solutions to public policy challenges to help make communities throughout the world safer and more secure, healthier and more prosperous. RAND is nonprofit, nonpartisan, and committed to the public interest. RAND’s publications do not necessarily reflect the opinions of its research clients and sponsors. Support RAND Make a tax-deductible charitable contribution at www.rand.org/giving/contribute www.rand.org Preface About the China Aerospace Studies Institute The China Aerospace Studies Institute (CASI) was created in 2014 at the initiative of the Headquarters, U.S. -
DEFENSE TECHNOLOGY PROGRAM BRIEF Hypersonic Weapons By: Margot Van Loon, Dr
May 2019 No. 18 AMERICAN FOREIGN POLICY COUNCIL DEFENSE TECHNOLOGY PROGRAM BRIEF Hypersonic Weapons By: Margot van Loon, Dr. Larry Wortzel, and Dr. Mark B. Schneider BRIEFING HIGHLIGHTS TABLE OF CONTENTS Hypersonic Weapons: A Primer 1 Hypersonic weapons are coming online just as the United States shifts its focus back to great Margot van Loon power competition as its most pressing national Hypersonic Weapons in China’s Military Strategies 4 security threat. To China and Russia – both of Dr. Larry Wortzel whom are rapidly modernizing their military Moscow’s Development of Hypersonic Missiles… 10 capabilities and seeking ways to expand the and What It Means role of nuclear weapons in their strategies–the unique characteristics of hypersonic systems Dr. Mark B. Schneider (including their ability to render useless all Notes 15 current U.S. missile defenses) represent a perfect opportunity to take the lead in a high- stakes technological field. Because of their speed and maneuverability, Hypersonic Weapons: A Primer it would be nearly impossible to predict what By Margot van Loon facilities (or even what country) is being targeted if a country detected the launch of one of these weapons. Moreover, it would be impossible to n today’s Department of Defense, one of the most crucial missions is know for certain the type of warhead it carries, Iknown as “conventional prompt global strike” (CPGS). The complex meaning that a conventional strike could easily title belies a simple objective: in the most basic terms, CPGS seeks to be mistaken for a preemptive nuclear attack. guarantee the ability to strike a target any time at any place in the world The Russians may see destruction of the U.S. -
The Guo Boxiong Edition James Mulvenon
So Crooked They Have to Screw Their Pants On Part 3: The Guo Boxiong Edition James Mulvenon On 30 July, the Central Committee announced that General Guo Boxiong, who served as vice-chairman of the Central Military Commission between 2002 and 2012, was expelled from the Chinese Communist Party and handed over to prosecutors for accepting bribes “on his own and through his family . for aiding in the promotion [of officers].” Guo’s expulsion comes one year after similar charges against his fellow CMC vice-chair Xu Caihou, who died of bladder cancer in March 2015. This article examines the charges against Guo, places them in the context of the larger anti-corruption campaign within the PLA, and assesses their implications for Xi Jinping’s relationship with the military and for party-army relations. The Rise and Fall of Guo Boxiong On 30 July, the Central Committee announced that General Guo Boxiong, who served as vice-chairman of the Central Military Commission between 2002 and 2012, was expelled from the Chinese Communist Party and handed over to prosecutors for accepting bribes “on his own and through his family . for aiding in the promotion [of officers].”1 Guo’s explusion comes one year after similar charges against his fellow CMC vice-chair Xu Caihou, who was expelled from the party in June 2014 and died of bladder cancer in March 2015.2 This article examines the charges against Guo, places them in the context of the larger anti-corruption campaign within the PLA, and assesses their implications for Xi Jinping’s relationship with the military and for party-army relations. -
The People's Liberation Army (PLA)
The People’s Liberation Army (PLA) PLA is the unified military organization of all land, sea, strategic missile and air forces of the People’s Republic of China. The PLA was established on August 1, 1927 — celebrated annually as “PLA Day” — as the military arm of the Communist Party of China (CCP). The People’s Liberation Army’s insignia consists of a roundel with a red star bearing the Chinese characters for “Eight One” referring to August 1, the date of the 1927 Nanchang Uprising. The PLA is the world’s largest military force, with approximately 3 million members and has the world’s largest (active) standing army, with approximately 2.25 million members. The PLA comprises five main service branches consisting of the PLA Ground Force, PLA Navy (PLAN), PLA Air Force (PLAAF), Second Artillery Corps (strategic nuclear or missile force), and the PLA Reserve Force. The PLA is formally under the command of the Central Military Commission of the CCP. The Ministry of National Defense, which operates under the State Council, does not exercise any authority over the PLA and is far less powerful than the Central Military Commission (CMC). The ministry assures continuing CCP control over the armed forces, and its primary role is that of a liaison office with foreign militaries. Troops around the country are stationed in seven military regions and more than 20 military districts. Chairman Hu Jintao has defined the missions of the PLA as:- z Consolidate the ruling status of the Communist Party z Help ensure China’s sovereignty, territorial integrity, and domestic security in order to continue national development. -
Chinese Military Leadership After the 17Th Congress: Hu’S Guys Or Whose Guys?
Mulvenon, China Leadership Monitor, No. 23 Chinese Military Leadership After the 17th Congress: Hu’s Guys or Whose Guys? James Mulvenon The civilian political leadership changes at the 17th Party Congress in October 2007 have received close scrutiny from outside observers, but important and interesting personnel adjustments in the military have garnered less attention. This article examines recent Chinese military leadership changes in detail, focusing principally on the Central Military Commission but also tracking significant moves at the Military Region and Service level. Military Leadership Changes Leading Up to the 17th Congress Prior to the 17th Party Congress and the selection of the new Central Committee, Politburo, and Politburo Standing Committee, systematic and sweeping changes were made in the leadership structures of all seven military regions and the services. These reshuffles were not a purge, but an unusually intense round of the PLA’s regular command rotations and age-based removals of personnel. According to a reliable, Beijing-owned newspaper, commanders of the Beijing, Nanjing, Guangzhou, Lanzhou, Chengdu, and Shenyang Military Regions were replaced, as well as the heads of important units such as the General Staff Headquarters, General Armament Department, Air Force, and National Defense University.1 Table 1 Major Military Region Leadership Changes, 2007 Name Previous Position New Position Fang Fenghui COS, GZMR2 CDR, BJMR3 Zhao Keshi COS, NJMR CDR, NJMR4 Zhang Qinsheng DCOGS (Intel), GSD CDR, GZMR5 Li Shiming DCDR, CDMR CDR, CDMR6 Zhang Youxia DCDR, BJMR7 CDR, SYMR8 Wang Guosheng COS, LZMR Commander, LZMR9 Liu Chengjun DCDR, PLAAF CDT, AMS Wang Xibin COS, BJMR CDT, NDU Zhang Yang Dir., Poltical Dept., GZMR PC, GZMR Li Changcai DPC, NJMR PC, LZMR Chen Guoling DPC, GZMR PC, NJMR Zhang Haiyang DPC, BJMR PC, CDMR Tong Shiping Asst. -
Right Sizing the People's Liberation
RIGHT SIZING THE PEOPLE’S LIBERATION ARMY: EXPLORING THE CONTOURS OF CHINA’S MILITARY Edited by Roy Kamphausen Andrew Scobell September 2007 Visit our website for other free publication downloads http://www.StrategicStudiesInstitute.army.mil/ To rate this publication click here. This publication is a work of the U.S. Government as defined in Title 17, United States Code, Section 101. As such, it is in the public domain, and under the provisions of Title 17, United States Code, Section 105, it may not be copyrighted. ***** The views expressed in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the Department of the Army, the Department of Defense, or the U.S. Government. This report is cleared for public release; distribution is unlimited. ***** Comments pertaining to this report are invited and should be forwarded to: Director, Strategic Studies Institute, U.S. Army War College, 122 Forbes Ave, Carlisle, PA 17013-5244. ***** All Strategic Studies Institute (SSI) publications are available on the SSI homepage for electronic dissemination. Hard copies of this report also may be ordered from our homepage. SSI’s homepage address is: www.StrategicStudiesInstitute.army.mil. ***** The Strategic Studies Institute publishes a monthly e-mail newsletter to update the national security community on the research of our analysts, recent and forthcoming publications, and upcoming conferences sponsored by the Institute. Each newsletter also provides a strategic commentary by one of our research analysts. If you are interested in receiving this newsletter, please subscribe on our homepage at www.StrategicStudiesInstitute.army. mil/newsletter/. -
The People's Liberation Army's 37 Academic Institutions the People's
The People’s Liberation Army’s 37 Academic Institutions Kenneth Allen • Mingzhi Chen Printed in the United States of America by the China Aerospace Studies Institute ISBN: 9798635621417 To request additional copies, please direct inquiries to Director, China Aerospace Studies Institute, Air University, 55 Lemay Plaza, Montgomery, AL 36112 Design by Heisey-Grove Design All photos licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0 International license, or under the Fair Use Doctrine under Section 107 of the Copyright Act for nonprofit educational and noncommercial use. All other graphics created by or for China Aerospace Studies Institute E-mail: [email protected] Web: http://www.airuniversity.af.mil/CASI Twitter: https://twitter.com/CASI_Research | @CASI_Research Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/CASI.Research.Org LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/company/11049011 Disclaimer The views expressed in this academic research paper are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the U.S. Government or the Department of Defense. In accordance with Air Force Instruction 51-303, Intellectual Property, Patents, Patent Related Matters, Trademarks and Copyrights; this work is the property of the U.S. Government. Limited Print and Electronic Distribution Rights Reproduction and printing is subject to the Copyright Act of 1976 and applicable treaties of the United States. This document and trademark(s) contained herein are protected by law. This publication is provided for noncommercial use only. Unauthorized posting of this publication online is prohibited. Permission is given to duplicate this document for personal, academic, or governmental use only, as long as it is unaltered and complete however, it is requested that reproductions credit the author and China Aerospace Studies Institute (CASI). -
PLA Joint Exercises in Tibet: Implications for India
FEBRUARY 2020 PLA Joint Exercises in Tibet: Implications for India RAJESWARI PILLAI RAJAGOPALAN PULKIT MOHAN PLA Joint Exercises in Tibet: Implications for India RAJESWARI PILLAI RAJAGOPALAN PULKIT MOHAN ABOUT THE AUTHORS Dr Rajeswari Pillai Rajagopalan is a Distinguished Fellow and Head of Space and Nuclear Policy Initiative at ORF. She is also the senior Asia defence writer for The Diplomat. She is the author of four books: Nuclear Security in India (2015), Clashing Titans: Military Strategy and Insecurity among Asian Great Powers (2012), The Dragon’s Fire: Chinese Military Strategy and Its Implications for Asia (2009), and Uncertain Eagle: US Military Strategy in Asia (2009). Pulkit Mohan is a Junior Fellow at ORF’s Space and Nuclear Policy Initiative. Before joining ORF, Pulkit was an Editorial Assistant with a leading development journal. She obtained her Master’s degree in International Relations from the London School of Economics. ISBN: 978-93-89622-66-9 © 2020 Observer Research Foundation. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means without permission in writing from ORF. PLA Joint Exercises in Tibet: Implications for India ABSTRACT Since 2015, China has been undertaking a thorough restructuring of its military, under the leadership of President Xi Jinping. This has involved significant changes in the operational structure of the People's Liberation Army (PLA), with the modernisation and optimisation of the military to bring about better jointness and overall efficiency. This paper examines the PLA reforms as they pertain to training and jointness in the Tibet Autonomous Region (TAR) and the Sino-Indian border areas. -
Net Assessment of Cross-Strait Military Capabilities” Before the U.S.-China Economic and Security Review Commission
Mr. Dennis J. Blasko Independent Consultant September 15, 2005 Hearing on “Net Assessment of Cross-Strait Military Capabilities” Before the U.S.-China Economic and Security Review Commission Thank you for the invitation to be here today. Today, I would like to address the question “how is China’s military training and operational capability developing?” and focus primarily on the nearly 70 percent of the PLA found in the ground forces. While now even the Chinese government officially acknowledges priority of development is given to the PLA Navy, Air Force, and Second Artillery, as in the other services a comprehensive ground force and joint training regimen has been accelerated in the years since 1999. This acceleration was the result of several factors: 1) The requirement levied upon the PLA by the civilian leadership to increase its capabilities to a) deter Taiwan from further steps toward independence and b) if necessary, to coerce Taiwan to the negotiating table or defeat it in battle, even if Taiwan were to be supported by “foreign forces,” i.e., U.S. intervention. 2) The impact of economic development in China that a) permitted significantly more funds to be allotted to the PLA and b) greatly improved PLA command, control, communications, and computer capabilities through acquisition of mostly Chinese-manufactured communications and electronic equipment supported by an infrastructure of optical fiber, microwave, satellite, and wireless communications systems. 3) The confidence that the international security environment had changed sufficiently to allow strategic focus to be directed toward the Taiwan Strait. In other words, Beijing was finally satisfied the former threat from the USSR/Russia no longer required a major focus by the Chinese military. -
D E F E N C E P R I M
DEFENCE PRIMER An Indian Military in Transformation? EDITORS PUSHAN DAS & HARSH V. PANT DEFENCE PRIMER An Indian Military in Transformation? EDITED BY PUSHAN DAS & HARSH V. PANT © 2018 BY OBSERVER RESEARCH FOUNDATION ISBN: 978-81-86818-21-3 Copy editing: Udita Chaturvedi Designed by: Simijaisondesigns Printed by: Vinset Advertising CONTENTS CHINA’s MilitARY RISE AND THE INDIAN CHALLENGE 4 Harsh V. Pant & Pushan Das The Chinese People’s Liberation Army in Transition: Implications for 16 Indian Defence Richard A. Bitzinger Achieving India’s Military Goals in an Era of Transition 26 Lt. Gen. S L Narasimhan (Retd.) Closing the Gap: A Doctrinal & Capability Appraisal of the IAF & 35 the PLAAF AVM Arjun Subramaniam (Retd.) Indian Vasuki vs Chinese Dragon: Towards a Future-Ready 44 Indian Seapower RADM Sudarshan Shrikhande (Retd.) Indian Military in Transformation - Combat Potential and Military 55 Capabilities Vis – a – Vis China Brig. Arun Sahgal (Retd.) Managing Comprehensive Competition with China: Insights from 72 Multi-Domain Battle Arzan Tarapore Virtual Domains and Real Threats: Chinese Military Capacities in 83 New Frontiers of Warfare Elsa B. Kania Nuclear Weapons and Sino-Indian Security Relations 92 S. Paul Kapur and Diana Wueger 6 INDIAN MILITARY IN TRANSFORMATION COmbAT POTENTIAL AND MILITARY CAPABilities Vis – a – Vis China BRIG. ARUN SAHGAL (RETD.) discernible bellicosity in the looks upon as a containment strategy to restrain Chinese attitude towards India her rise. Resultantly, China has hardened its has resulted in increased tensions stand against India on almost all bilateral and and aggravated boundary disputes. multilateral issues, severely constraining areas ASince 2015, there have been three major of convergence in bilateral relations. -
The Science of Military Strategy from 2001 to 2013 [Book Chapter Draft]
China’s Changing Approach to Military Strategy: The Science of Military Strategy from 2001 to 2013 [Book chapter draft] The MIT Faculty has made this article openly available. Please share how this access benefits you. Your story matters. Citation Fravel, M. Taylor. (April 2016) "China’s Changing Approach to Military Strategy: The Science of Military Strategy from 2001 and 2013." In Joe McReynolds (Ed.), The Evolution of China’s Military Strategy. Washington, DC: Jamestown Foundation, 2016. As Published https://ssp.mit.edu/publications/2016/chinas-changing-approach- to-military-strategy Version Author's final manuscript Citable link http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/109318 Terms of Use Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike Detailed Terms http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ Massachusetts Institute of Technology Political Science Department Research Paper No. 2016-15 China’s Changing Approach to Military Strategy: The Science of Military Strategy from 2001 and 2013 M. Taylor Fravel Massachusetts Institute of Technology Do Not Cite or Circulate Without Permission from Author China’s Changing Approach to Military Strategy: The Science of Military Strategy from 2001 and 2013 M. Taylor Fravel Department of Political Science Massachusetts Institute of Technology April 2016 Draft of a chapter to appear in Joe McReynolds, ed., The Evolution of China’s Military Strategy (Washington, DC: Brookings forthcoming) Abstract The 2013 publication of the Science of Military Strategy is an essential source for understanding how China’s thinking about military strategy is changing. To examine how China’s approach to military strategy is changing, this chapter compares the 2013 edition of the Science of Military Strategy with the 2001 edition.