PLA Joint Exercises in Tibet: Implications for India
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Health Guidelines Vegetation Fire Events
HEALTH GUIDELINES FOR VEGETATION FIRE EVENTS Background papers Edited by Kee-Tai Goh Dietrich Schwela Johann G. Goldammer Orman Simpson © World Health Organization, 1999 CONTENTS Preface and acknowledgements Early warning systems for the prediction of an appropriate response to wildfires and related environmental hazards by J.G. Goldammer Smoke from wildland fires, by D E Ward Analytical methods for monitoring smokes and aerosols from forest fires: Review, summary and interpretation of use of data by health agencies in emergency response planning, by W B Grant The role of the atmosphere in fire occurrence and the dispersion of fire products, by M Garstang Forest fire emissions dispersion modelling for emergency response planning: determination of critical model inputs and processes, by N J Tapper and G D Hess Approaches to monitoring of air pollutants and evaluation of health impacts produced by biomass burning, by J P Pinto and L D Grant Health impacts of biomass air pollution, by M Brauer A review of factors affecting the human health impacts of air pollutants from forest fires, by J Malilay Guidance on methodology for assessment of forest fire induced health effects, by D M Mannino Gaseous and particulate emissions released to the atmosphere from vegetation fires, by J S Levine Basic fact-determining downwind exposures and their associated health effects, assessment of health effects in practice: a case study in the 1997 forest fires in Indonesia, by O Kunii Smoke episodes and assessment of health impacts related to haze from forest -
Assessing the Training and Operational Proficiency of China's
C O R P O R A T I O N Assessing the Training and Operational Proficiency of China’s Aerospace Forces Selections from the Inaugural Conference of the China Aerospace Studies Institute (CASI) Edmund J. Burke, Astrid Stuth Cevallos, Mark R. Cozad, Timothy R. Heath For more information on this publication, visit www.rand.org/t/CF340 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data is available for this publication. ISBN: 978-0-8330-9549-7 Published by the RAND Corporation, Santa Monica, Calif. © Copyright 2016 RAND Corporation R® is a registered trademark. Limited Print and Electronic Distribution Rights This document and trademark(s) contained herein are protected by law. This representation of RAND intellectual property is provided for noncommercial use only. Unauthorized posting of this publication online is prohibited. Permission is given to duplicate this document for personal use only, as long as it is unaltered and complete. Permission is required from RAND to reproduce, or reuse in another form, any of its research documents for commercial use. For information on reprint and linking permissions, please visit www.rand.org/pubs/permissions. The RAND Corporation is a research organization that develops solutions to public policy challenges to help make communities throughout the world safer and more secure, healthier and more prosperous. RAND is nonprofit, nonpartisan, and committed to the public interest. RAND’s publications do not necessarily reflect the opinions of its research clients and sponsors. Support RAND Make a tax-deductible charitable contribution at www.rand.org/giving/contribute www.rand.org Preface On June 22, 2015, the China Aerospace Studies Institute (CASI), in conjunction with Headquarters, Air Force, held a day-long conference in Arlington, Virginia, titled “Assessing Chinese Aerospace Training and Operational Competence.” The purpose of the conference was to share the results of nine months of research and analysis by RAND researchers and to expose their work to critical review by experts and operators knowledgeable about U.S. -
People's Liberation Army Air Force Aviation Training at the Operational
C O R P O R A T I O N From Theory to Practice People’s Liberation Army Air Force Aviation Training at the Operational Unit Lyle J. Morris, Eric Heginbotham For more information on this publication, visit www.rand.org/t/RR1415 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data is available for this publication. ISBN: 978-0-8330-9497-1 Published by the RAND Corporation, Santa Monica, Calif. © Copyright 2016 RAND Corporation R® is a registered trademark. Limited Print and Electronic Distribution Rights This document and trademark(s) contained herein are protected by law. This representation of RAND intellectual property is provided for noncommercial use only. Unauthorized posting of this publication online is prohibited. Permission is given to duplicate this document for personal use only, as long as it is unaltered and complete. Permission is required from RAND to reproduce, or reuse in another form, any of its research documents for commercial use. For information on reprint and linking permissions, please visit www.rand.org/pubs/permissions. The RAND Corporation is a research organization that develops solutions to public policy challenges to help make communities throughout the world safer and more secure, healthier and more prosperous. RAND is nonprofit, nonpartisan, and committed to the public interest. RAND’s publications do not necessarily reflect the opinions of its research clients and sponsors. Support RAND Make a tax-deductible charitable contribution at www.rand.org/giving/contribute www.rand.org Preface About the China Aerospace Studies Institute The China Aerospace Studies Institute (CASI) was created in 2014 at the initiative of the Headquarters, U.S. -
समाचार पत्र से चियत अंश Newspapers Clippings
July 2020 समाचार पत्र से चियत अंश Newspapers Clippings A Daily service to keep DRDO Fraternity abreast with DRDO Technologies, Defence Technologies, Defence Policies, International Relations and Science & Technology Volume: 45 Issue: 15 0 July 2020 7 7 रक्षा िवज्ञान पुतकालय Defenceरक्षा िवज्ञान Science पुतकालय Library रक्षाDefence वैज्ञािनक सScienceूचना एवं प्रल Libraryेखन क द्र Defence Scientific Information & Documentation Centre रक्षा वैज्ञािनक सूचना एव ं प्रलेखन क द्र Defence Scientificमेटकॉफ Informationहाउस, िदली -& 110 Documentation 054 Centre Metcalfe House, Delhi - 110 054 मेटकॉफ हाउस, िदली - 110 054 Metcalfe House, Delhi- 110 054 CONTENT S. No. TITLE Page No. DRDO News 1-14 COVID-19: DRDO’s Contribution 1-5 1. उघाटन / डीआरडीओ ने 12 दन म तैयार कया 1 हजार बेड का अथाई कोवड अपताल, 1 गहृ मं ी और रामंी ने कया उघाटन 2. DRDO ने 12 दन म तैयार कया 1000 बतर क मता वाला COVID-19 का 2 अथाई अपताल, शाह-राजनाथ ने कया दौरा 3. Just within 12 days Sardaar patel Covid Hospital started functioning, Amit Shah 4 and Rajnath Singh visited hospital (Kannada News) 4. World’s biggest Corona Hospital inaugurated in Delhi (Telugu News) 5 5. DRDO का कारनामा, सफ 12 दन म बनाया 1000 बेड वाला कोवड अपताल 6 DRDO Technology News 7-14 6. Akash Missile: BDL signs contract for licence agreement & ToT with DRDO 7 7. -
1962 Sino-Indian Conflict : Battle of Eastern Ladakh Agnivesh Kumar* Department of Sociology, University of Mumbai, Mumbai, India
OPEN ACCESS Freely available online Journal of Political Sciences & Public Affairs Editorial 1962 Sino-Indian Conflict : Battle of Eastern Ladakh Agnivesh kumar* Department of Sociology, University of Mumbai, Mumbai, India. E-mail: [email protected] EDITORIAL protests. Later they also constructed a road from Lanak La to Kongka Pass. In the north, they had built another road, west of the Aksai Sino-Indian conflict of 1962 in Eastern Ladakh was fought in the area Chin Highway, from the Northern border to Qizil Jilga, Sumdo, between Karakoram Pass in the North to Demchok in the South East. Samzungling and Kongka Pass. The area under territorial dispute at that time was only the Aksai Chin plateau in the north east corner of Ladakh through which the Chinese In the period between 1960 and October 1962, as tension increased had constructed Western Highway linking Xinjiang Province to Lhasa. on the border, the Chinese inducted fresh troops in occupied Ladakh. The Chinese aim of initially claiming territory right upto the line – Unconfirmed reports also spoke of the presence of some tanks in Daulat Beg Oldi (DBO) – Track Junction and thereafter capturing it general area of Rudok. The Chinese during this period also improved in October 1962 War was to provide depth to the Western Highway. their road communications further and even the posts opposite DBO were connected by road. The Chinese also had ample animal In Galwan – Chang Chenmo Sector, the Chinese claim line was transport based on local yaks and mules for maintenance. The horses cleverly drawn to include passes and crest line so that they have were primarily for reconnaissance parties. -
Battle Against Poverty Being Won in Tibet
6 | Tuesday, September 1, 2020 HONG KONG EDITION | CHINA DAILY CHINA Poverty alleviation Battle against poverty being won in Tibet Major investments in infrastructure and new homes improve life for villagers. Palden Nyima reports from Lhasa. ccess to fresh water used to be a major concern for Tibetan villager Migmar. She had to take a Kyilung Tibet 40-minuteA round trip on a tractor Namling every two days to haul water home Saga in a container across rough terrain. Shigatse Taking showers and doing laundry Layak were luxuries for the community leader and her fellow villagers in CHINA DAILY Saga county in Southwest China’s Tibet autonomous region. mother could get subsidies and sup- Fast forward three years, and port when giving birth in a hospital. Layak village, 180 kilometers from I did not know it could be safer for the county seat in the southwest- both mother and child,” Samdrub ern part of Tibet, now has taps that Tsering said. provide potable water at the “top of The township center also used to the world”. be inaccessible for many villagers. “Our village had no proper roads While the nearest household lives or safe drinking water before 2016. about 10 km away, some families But now, all the families have were 200 km from town, with no access to tap water and the village telecommunication networks avail- is connected by paved roads,” said able. Road conditions were terrible, Migmar, 49, who is the village he said. leader. Thanks to the government’s pov- The roads and pipelines have erty alleviation measures, liveli- helped lay the groundwork for a hoods have improved tremendously significant improvement in the over the years, Samdrub Tsering villagers’ lives, with Layak one of said. -
War and Escalation in South Asia / John E
THE ARTS This PDF document was made available CHILD POLICY from www.rand.org as a public service of CIVIL JUSTICE the RAND Corporation. EDUCATION ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENT Jump down to document6 HEALTH AND HEALTH CARE INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS The RAND Corporation is a nonprofit NATIONAL SECURITY research organization providing POPULATION AND AGING PUBLIC SAFETY objective analysis and effective SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY solutions that address the challenges SUBSTANCE ABUSE facing the public and private sectors TERRORISM AND HOMELAND SECURITY around the world. TRANSPORTATION AND INFRASTRUCTURE WORKFORCE AND WORKPLACE Support RAND Purchase this document Browse Books & Publications Make a charitable contribution For More Information Visit RAND at www.rand.org Explore RAND Project AIR FORCE View document details Limited Electronic Distribution Rights This document and trademark(s) contained herein are protected by law as indicated in a notice appearing later in this work. This electronic representation of RAND intellectual property is provided for non- commercial use only. Permission is required from RAND to reproduce, or reuse in another form, any of our research documents. This product is part of the RAND Corporation monograph series. RAND monographs present major research findings that address the challenges facing the public and private sectors. All RAND mono- graphs undergo rigorous peer review to ensure high standards for research quality and objectivity. WA R AND ESCALATION IN SOUTH ASIA John E. Peters, James Dickens, Derek Eaton, C. Christine Fair, Nina Hachigian, Theodore W. Karasik, Rollie Lal, Rachel M. Swanger, Gregory F. Treverton, Charles Wolf, Jr. Prepared for the United States Air Force Approved for public release; distribution unlimited The research described in this report was sponsored by the United States Air Force under Contract F49642-01-C-0003. -
Lt Gen Gautam Banerjee, PVSM,AVSM,YSM (Retd)
Lt Gen Gautam Banerjee, PVSM,AVSM,YSM (Retd) | 1 © Vivekananda International Foundation Published in 2021 by Vivekananda International Foundation 3, San Martin Marg | Chanakyapuri | New Delhi - 110021 Tel: 011-24121764 | Fax: 011-66173415 E-mail: [email protected] Website: www.vifindia.org ISBN: 978-81-952151-0-2 Follow us on Twitter | @vifindia Facebook | /vifindia Disclaimer: The paper is the author’s individual scholastic articulation. The author certifies that the article/paper is original in content, unpublished and it has not been submitted for publication/web upload elsewhere, and that the facts and figures quoted are duly referenced, as needed, and are believed to be correct Cover Image Source : https://commons.wikimedia.org All Rights Reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form, or by any means electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise without the prior permission of the publisher. Contents Abstract 4 Preamble 6 Part I : Overview of PLA’s Pre-2018 Modernisation 10 Part II: Military Reforms and Modernisation: Enunciation of China’s Policy Directives, 2018 – 20 18 Part III: Progress of PLA’s Modernisation Schemes, 2018-20 31 Part IV: Training for Tactical Adaptation to Modernisation 42 Part V: Assessment of the Trends of PLA’s Modernisation, 2018-20 55 Part VI: PLA’s Foreign Military Relation Initiatives, 2018-20 66 Part VII: PLA in Sino-Indian Context, 2018-20 73 Part VII: Overall Assessment of PLA’s Modernisation and War-worthiness 87 Concluding Remarks 94 References 96 Abstract While the current phase of China’s military modernisation began in right earnest since the mid-1990s, it is the period after 2016 when the final step to defence hierarchical reforms was taken. -
China's Logistics Capabilities for Expeditionary Operations
China’s Logistics Capabilities for Expeditionary Operations The modular transfer system between a Type 054A frigate and a COSCO container ship during China’s first military-civil UNREP. Source: “重大突破!民船为海军水面舰艇实施干货补给 [Breakthrough! Civil Ships Implement Dry Cargo Supply for Naval Surface Ships],” Guancha, November 15, 2019 Primary author: Chad Peltier Supporting analysts: Tate Nurkin and Sean O’Connor Disclaimer: This research report was prepared at the request of the U.S.-China Economic and Security Review Commission to support its deliberations. Posting of the report to the Commission's website is intended to promote greater public understanding of the issues addressed by the Commission in its ongoing assessment of U.S.-China economic relations and their implications for U.S. security, as mandated by Public Law 106-398 and Public Law 113-291. However, it does not necessarily imply an endorsement by the Commission or any individual Commissioner of the views or conclusions expressed in this commissioned research report. 1 Contents Abbreviations .......................................................................................................................................................... 3 Executive Summary ............................................................................................................................................... 4 Methodology, Scope, and Study Limitations ........................................................................................................ 6 1. China’s Expeditionary Operations -
Iss Working Paper Template
Working Paper No. 684 Chinese Population Shares in Tibet Revisited: Early insights from the 2020 census of China and some cautionary notes on current population politics Andrew M. Fischer July 2021 ISSN 0921-0210 The International Institute of Social Studies is Europe’s longest-established centre of higher education and research in development studies. On 1 July 2009, it became a University Institute of the Erasmus University Rotterdam (EUR). Post-graduate teaching programmes range from six-week diploma courses to the PhD programme. Research at ISS is fundamental in the sense of laying a scientific basis for the formulation of appropriate development policies. The academic work of ISS is disseminated in the form of books, journal articles, teaching texts, monographs and working papers. The Working Paper series provides a forum for work in progress which seeks to elicit comments and generate discussion. The series includes academic research by staff, PhD participants and visiting fellows, and award-winning research papers by graduate students. Working Papers are available in electronic format at www.iss.nl/en/library Please address comments and/or queries for information to: Institute of Social Studies P.O. Box 29776 2502 LT The Hague The Netherlands or E-mail: [email protected] Table of Contents ABSTRACT 5 1 REGIONAL DISTINCTIONS AND PERIPHERAL TENDENCIES 7 1.1 Prefectural and County-level granularity 9 2 THE TAR (OR LHASA) EXCEPTION 14 3 URBAN EMPLOYMENT VERSUS POPULATION SHARES 15 CONCLUSION 17 REFERENCES 18 LIST OF COMMUNIQUÉS 20 Abstract The early results of the 2020 Census of the People’s Republic of China shed light on the highly politicised issue of Han Chinese population shares in the Tibetan areas of western China. -
The Lichen Genus Hypogymnia in Southwest China Article
Mycosphere 5 (1): 27–76 (2014) ISSN 2077 7019 www.mycosphere.org Article Mycosphere Copyright © 2014 Online Edition Doi 10.5943/mycosphere/5/1/2 The lichen genus Hypogymnia in southwest China McCune B1 and Wang LS2 1 Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331-2902 U.S.A. 2 Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Biogeography, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Heilongtan, Kunming 650204, China McCune B, Wang LS 2014 – The lichen genus Hypogymnia in southwest China. Mycosphere 5(1), 27–76, Doi 10.5943/mycosphere/5/1/2 Abstract A total of 36 species of Hypogymnia are known from southwestern China. This region is a center of biodiversity for the genus. Hypogymnia capitata, H. nitida, H. saxicola, H. pendula, and H. tenuispora are newly described species from Yunnan and Sichuan. Olivetoric acid is new as a major lichen substance in Hypogymnia, occurring only in H. capitata. A key and illustrations are given for the species known from this region, along with five species from adjoining regions that might be confused or have historically been misidentified in this region. Key words – Lecanorales – lichenized ascomycetes – Parmeliaceae – Shaanxi – Sichuan – Tibet – Yunnan – Xizang. Introduction The first major collections of Hypogymnia from southwestern China were by Handel- Mazzetti, from which Zahlbruckner (1930) reported six species now placed in Hypogymnia, and Harry Smith (1921-1934, published piecewise by other authors; Herner 1988). Since the last checklist of lichens in China (Wei 1991), which reported 16 species of Hypogymnia from the southwestern provinces, numerous species of Hypogymnia from southwestern China have been described or revised (Chen 1994, Wei & Bi 1998, McCune & Obermayer 2001, McCune et al. -
Xuwenru.Pdf (6.796Mb)
EFFECTS OF LARGE FIRES ON BOREAL FORESTS OF CHINA—Historical Reconstruction and Future Prediction through Landscape Modeling ___________________________________ A Dissertation presented to the Faculty of the Graduate School at the University of Missouri-Columbia _______________________________________________________ In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy _____________________________________________________ by Wenru Xu Dr. Hong S. He, Dissertation Supervisor December 2020 © Copyright by Wenru Xu 2020 All Rights Reserved The undersigned, appointed by the Associate Vice Chancellor of the Office of Research and Graduate Studies, have examined the dissertation entitled EFFECTS OF LARGE FIRES ON BOREAL FORESTS OF CHINA — Historical Reconstruction and Future Prediction through Landscape Modeling presented by Wenru Xu, a candidate for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, and hereby certify that, in their opinion, it is worthy of acceptance. Dr. Hong S. He Dr. Grant P. Elliott Dr. David R. Larsen Dr. Michael C. Stambaugh ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS First I would like to give my sincere thanks to my advisor Dr. Hong S. He for introducing me to the world of science, for guiding me in proceeding research and overcoming difficulties in the research, and for enhancing my abilities in critical thinking and paper writing. His support and advice were indispensable during my Ph.D. study. I would also like to thank my committee members, Dr. David R. Larsen, Dr. Michael C. Stambaugh, and Dr. Grant P. Elliott for their time and effort in attending numerous meetings with me and helping improve my research. I would also like to express my appreciation to Dr. Zhiliang Zhu, Dr. Todd J. Hawbaker, and Dr.