Yunnan Integrated Road Network Development Project

Social Monitoring Report – EMDP

Semi-Annual Report January 2014

PRC: Yunnan Integrated Road Network Development Project

Prepared by Beijing Zhongkehongce Consulting Company for the People’s Republic of China and the Asian Development Bank.

Table of Contents I. INTRODUCTION ...... 1 II. METHODOLOGY ...... 1 III. EMDP IMPLEMENTATION PROGRESS IN 2013 ...... 2 IV. FIELD FINDINGS...... 5

A. EMPLOYMENT OF ETHNIC MINORITY PEOPLE ...... 5 B. TECHNICAL TRAINING ...... 8 C. SUPPORT TO ETHNIC MINORITY COMMUNITIES ...... 9 D. LAND ACQUISITION AND RESETTLEMENT IN VISITED EM NATURAL VILLAGES ...... 10 E. INCOME RESTORATION OF LAND LOSS EM HHS ...... 11 F. LEVEL OF SATISFACTION OF INTERVIEWED EM HHS ...... 11 V. CONCLUSION ...... 11

I. Introduction

1. Longrui Expressway component include a 128.96km of expressway, 5.0km of link roads to 7 interchanges and a 34.44km of Class II road. The expressway and Class II road traverse 4 state farms and 42 villages/communities of 14 townships/subdistricts in Longling County, Mangshi City and Ruili City, where Han, Dai, Jingpo, De’ang, Lisu and A’chang ethnic minority communities live together in harmony. As per ADB’s requirement, an ethnic minority development plan was prepared and started implementation along with the construction of the expressway since mid-2012. 2. This report, the fourth semi-annual monitoring report,1 presents the status and quality of EMDP implementation during 2013.

II. Methodology

3. The methods for this monitoring report included collecting secondary information, site visit and household interviews. During 20 Dec 2013-10 Jan 2014, the monitor visited 12 natural villages of the 3 project county/cities, which covered 4 ethnic minority groups of Dai, De’ang, Jingpo and Lisu. The surveyed natural villages are listed in Table1.The consultants interviewed 5~10 HHs in each natural village through group meetings/discussions. Two natural villages, Xiaomidi and Chudonggua, were specifically targeted as they are dominated by two less populated ethnic minority groups of De’ang and Lisu respectively. Table 1: EM Villages Surveyed County/City Township Administrative village Natural village Ethnic group Mangshi Santaishan Chudonggua 1. Chudonggua De’ang Mangshi Yunmao 2. Shuicaozi Dai Zhefang Zhemao 3. Nongnong Dai Hula 4. Nongmen Dai Humen 5. Batuo Dai Fengping Mangsai 6. Manghong Dai 7. Layuan Mixed Ruili Mengmao Mangling 8. Huoma Jingpo 9. Kanan Jingpo 10. Mangling Dai Jiele 11. Jiele Dai Longling Longxin Huangcaoba 12. Xiaomidi Lisu

4. The discussions when meeting ethnic minority villagers focused on their level of satisfaction with EMDP & RP implementations, income restoration of land loss ethnic minority HHs, status and actions regarding employment opportunities provided to ethnic minorities, help to affected villages by local governments, LREC and contractors etc. In addition, the monitor also discussed various issues with the Dehong Coordination Office, LREC, city/county coordination offices and 5 contractors regarding employment of EM people and support to EM communities during 2013.

1 The first and second monitoring reports were termed as social monitoring reports that combined both RP and EMDP implementation monitoring. At the demand of the ADB social specialist responsible for this project in August 2013, separated mentoring reports were prepared.

5. In addition, the consultant also visited 5 contractors to check if priorities are given to APs and ethnic minority people for employment as unskilled labors.

III. EMDP Implementation Progress in 2013

6. The EMDP implementation in 2013, reported by LREC, is presented in the table below. Table 2: EMDP Implementation Progress in 2013 Proposed Actions Progress in Jan-July 2013 1. PROJECT BENEFITS AND ENHANCEMENT MEASURES 60% of unskilled construction labor 12756 person months of local were employed in 2013, of which, 58.9%, employment to local people including ethnic 45.4% and 39.2% are APs, ethnic minority people and women. minorities, and 20% to women including ethnic minority women, which will be included in the civil works contracts

Use local construction materials and 100% suppliers Contracting logistic services (water, Yes vegetable, etc ) of construction workers to ethnic minorities

Give tunnels, bridges EM names Temporally yes (to be formalized upon project completion) Set up ethnic minority item shop in the To be set up once established service centers Regular meetings with communities to Both regular and irregular meetings held maintain good relationship with communities

Special actions for EM communities by Yes, many, actions construction companies

2. MITIGATION MEASURES TO ADDRESS SOCIAL RISKS 2.1 Minimize land acquisition and house demolition effect Design the expressway to avoid damage of Done by 2011 farmland, water source, irrigation system

Proper compensation and relocation Yes, all APs are satisfactory and no outstanding issue Sustainable livelihood development and Yes, many training carried out training Restore of temporarily occupied farmland, Will do from 2014 on for temporally occupied land, irrigation systems kept on irrigation system functioning.

2.2 Minimize effect of separating of house from farmland

Build appropriate and adequate passes Minimized and resettlement completed (underpass or overpass) 2.3 Minimize effect on EM culture Monitor to ensure there are no impacts on All avoided cultural relics or holy trees EM cultural awareness program for Yes, many sessions done construction workers Liaise with community leaders to respect Yes, ongoing local customs and taboo Avoid work-camps near De'ang villages Avoided. 2.4 Minimize risk of communicable diseases HIV/AIDS Awareness for ‐ all project construction workers ‐ Twice of awareness sessions for each contractor ‐ nearby villages, ‐ local commercial sex workers ‐ Once in each EM community

Proposed Actions Progress in Jan-July 2013 (CSWs) ‐ Ongoing activity Malaria prevention and control among construction workers ‐ proper sanitation at work sites; ‐ All camps are in good sanitation conditions as per national ‐ use of mosquito nets, spraying requirement buildings ‐ Each worker has a mosquito net, regular spraying buildings ‐ treatment for affected workers ‐ Campus are within villages/towns with good access to clinic/hospitals Tuberculosis prevention and control among construction workers ‐ annual health screening for all ‐ Health screening before signing work contract each season workers; ‐ quarantine & treatment for affected ‐ No TB found workers 2.5 Anti-drug use and trafficking, anti-human trafficking Anti-drug use ‐ Many sessions, many awareness materials distributed by LREC and ‐ drug use awareness be included in local governments the disease prevention program Anti-drug trafficking and human trafficking ‐ City governments continue and strengthen the current anti-drug ‐ Ongoing activity trafficking and anti-human trafficking systems and efforts. ‐ Add check points along the Longrui expressway ‐ Will be established during operation 3. COMPLEMENTARY MEASURES of LOCAL GOVERNMENT 3.1 Improving Village and Community Road Network Improving local roads of EM communities Upgraded about 220km of village roads in Mangshi & Ruili in 2013, including 60km for remote EM communities. Community-based village road maintenance The 69 Community based maintenance groups in Mangshi, Ruili, Longchuan and Lianghe counties are operating well Provide road safety awareness to EM Parallel to the establishment of maintenance groups, road safety awareness communities were carried out 3.2 Increasing Agricultural Products Priority of agricultural technology trainings to Yes and ongoing activities EMs Priority of cash crop cultivation and trainings Many training sessions organized on cropping structure adjustments to EMs (De’ang tea and Jingpo/Lisu walnut)

Supporting local entrepreneurs to market No action farm products 3.3 Increasing Non-farm Engagement Priority of small business skills trainings to Small business skill training not organized EMs, especially women Giving priority of micro-credit to poor ethnic City ACWFs and local credit cooperatives are operating microcredit schemes minorities that covered every village. There are Microcredit companies operating in Mangshi since 2012. 3.4 Improving Marketing Environment Priority of building markets centers to remote Built 3 and 1 in Mangshi and Ruili respectively in 2013 EM communities and villages, Upgrading community and village roads Roads to the market also upgraded. linking to the markets

3.5 Cultural Development and Prevention of A Dai Drama Teaching Training Curriculum (draft) Prepared by May 2013 Cultural Loss http://www.dehong.gov.cn/bm/mzj/mzwh/2013/0507/82981.html A Song and Dance Drama about EM in Dehong Started Performing for the Public since May 2013 A Jingpo Cultural Park is under construction in Longchuan County since March 2011. The park consists of three functional blocks: Jingpo cultural

Proposed Actions Progress in Jan-July 2013 tourism block; ecological block, and exhibition block.

Priority of building cultural centers to EM Ongoing active communities and villages Enriching the cultural centers with Each EM village has cultural religious center introduction of EM culture, tradition, and traditional items Setting up a large and open area for Each EM village has such a ground volunteer dance and other kinds of cultural related activities Increase awareness of cultural identity Cultural identity is widely aware among EMs and outsiders Formulate strategies & plans to strengthen The EM and Religious Affairs Bureau in Dehong Prefecture and the project cultural systems counties have formulated strategy and plans http://www.dehong.gov.cn/bm/mzj/ 3.6 Facilitating Tourism Promotion of attractions (tourist signs and Ongoing EM guides) Provide good quality services and infrastructure that is environmental sound, such as public toilets, trash bins Provide good road access to tourist sites

3.7 Monitoring Cross-Border Social Impacts Monitor the effectiveness of ongoing Ongoing programs are effective and there are checkpoints at borderline, programs to prevent HIV/AIDS, other Multi-language (Mandarin, Dai and Jingpo) brochures on HIV/AIDs prevention communicable diseases, drug use & are available at Mangshi Airport, all land ports and border area hotels since trafficking and human trafficking 2012. If required, identify additional measures if Not needed ongoing programs are not effective in addressing Project-related impacts Source: LREC

IV. Field Findings

A. Employment of Ethnic Minority People 7. On way to the Xiaomidi Lisu natural village in Longling County, the consultant witnessed 12 Lisu women working for the project (Figure 1). To the surprise of the consultant, women were doing laborious work to transport heavy bags by hand for slope protection work. The consultant learnt that hamlets for these women are provided by the contractor and each woman can earn CNY 100 per day. Size and members of the team are not fixed any women could join if she has time. The consultant learnt almost every household has worked for the project, ranging from least of 15 days to maximum of about 80 days (i.e., CNY 1,500~8,000 for a household). 8. The consultant was curious why the laborious were doing by women, but got no answer from women. Later, the consultant learnt from the contractor (No.1) that men are a bit too lazy and they are unwilling to do the laborious jobs.2 The same story was also heard from other contractors; therefore, ethnic minority women are preferred by contractor than men. 9. The contactors are advised by the project to give priority to APs and ethnic minority people for employment; and all contractors followed this advice. The consultant further learnt that the contactor hire local women through 3 of the women working on site, these three women are considered very dependable. However, initial contact for employment was through the village head. In the process of working for the project, the contractor found some dependable women who then became contacts and organizers for temporary employments. Most of the contractors hire local in this way, except Contactor No.5. The Contactor No. 5 hires locals through its cook, a Dai woman from the village, whenever labors are needed, the contractor informs the cook and the later then organizes labors through other villagers, mostly women. 10. To safeguard the benefits of construction workers, including APs working as unskilled labors, contactors has signed liability agreements with LREC for timely payment of wages. Yet, contractors were requested to submit to LREC the employment records (Table 2) and the list of employed persons (families) with detailed personal information (Table 3). 11. As shown in Table 2, a total of 12756 person months of local were hired in 2013, of which 58.9%, 45.4% and 39.2% are APs, EMs and women respectively. 12. In the case of Contractor No. 14 as shown in the above table (Table 3), it had employed as many as 66 locals since February 2013 (i.e., after the Spring Festival). Of the 66 locals employed, there are 5 Dai and 15 Jingpo families. 13. Sample household questionnaire survey, with details given in the External Mentoring Report #4-RP implementation, showed that all 23 the ethnic minority households had worked for the project as unskilled labors.

2 The consultant has no discrimination to ethnic minority men or women, but simply citing what was told.

Figure 1: Lisu Women Working on Slope Protection (Contractor No.1) Table 2: Employment Records

Month Total Qty(person month) % (person-month) APs EM Women APs EM Women Jan 1,139 914 385 340 80.2% 33.8% 29.9% Feb 1,013 772 346 293 76.2% 34.2% 28.9% March 1,218 974 445 380 80.0% 36.5% 31.2% April 842 566 529 421 67.2% 62.8% 50.0% May 883 570 490 417 64.6% 55.5% 47.2% June 897 570 455 398 63.5% 50.7% 44.4% July 1,086 446 457 416 41.1% 42.1% 38.3% Aug 1,062 545 464 402 51.3% 43.7% 37.9% Sept 1,115 576 487 434 51.7% 43.7% 38.9% Oct 1,194 451 562 455 37.8% 47.1% 38.1% Nov 1,175 566 500 467 48.2% 42.6% 39.7% Dec 1,132 560 667 575 49.5% 58.9% 50.8% Total 12,756 7,510 5,787 4,998 58.9% 45.4% 39.2%

Source: contractors

Table 3: Sample List of Locals Hired (Contractor No. 14) Name ID No. Add. Contact No. Month of First Employment Ethnic Group 民族姓名身份证号家庭住址联系方式初次工作月份 1. 张思洁 Jingpo 景颇 533123198803021810 盈江县芒璋乡宝石村委会白岩村民小组 2013.05 2. 多小五 Dai 傣 533121197011080233 潞西市遮放镇户弄村民委员会棒哈村民小组 2013.05 3. 多小二 Dai 傣 533103199112170218 潞西市遮放镇户弄村民委员会棒哈村民小组 2013.05 4. 闷保眯 Han 汉 533103199404300213 芒市遮放镇户弄村民委员会户弄村民小组 2013.02 5. 咩信保 Han 汉 533103197205060369 潞西市遮放镇户弄村民委员会遮告村民小组 2013.02 6. 唐勒卖 Jingpo 景颇 533103198506011610 潞西市 2013.03 7. 唐勒团 Jingpo 景颇 533103198405091615 潞西市西山乡营盘村民委员会杏欢村民小组 2013.03 8. 杨洪季 Han 汉 533103198405071411 潞西市江东乡李子坪村委会空竹林村民小组一社 2013.03 9. 范卫昌 Han 汉 533122196105041050 梁河县九保乡勐宋村委会麻粟坝村民小组 2013.03 10. 尹可祖 Han 汉 533122198212090818 梁河县遮岛镇水箐村委会下三巷村民小组 2013.03 11. 董旬诗 Han 汉 533024197411182259 龙陵县龙山镇董华村委会大窝子组 026 号 2013.03 12. 姚昌龙 Han 汉 533024195509102211 龙陵县龙山镇董华村委会姚家寨组 047 号 2013.03 13. 姚昌鹏 Han 汉 533024197205282216 龙陵县龙山镇董华村委会姚家寨组 075 号 2013.03 14. 姚昌彩 Han 汉 533024197507252231 龙陵县龙山镇董华村委会姚家寨组 052 号 2013.03 15. 赵勒定 Jingpo 景颇 533121197404121614 潞西市西山乡邦角村民委员会项丘村民小组 2013.03 16. 李勒弄 Jingpo 景颇 533103198810231618 潞西市西山乡营盘村民委员会杏欢村民小组 2013.03 17. 杨岩亮 Dai 傣 533103198501050215 潞西市遮放镇户闷村民委员会芒棒村民小组 2013.03 18. 排早乱 Jingpo 景颇 533103198512131651 潞西市西山乡弄丙村民委员会拱外村民一小组 2013.03 19. 排早都 Jingpo 景颇 53310319751211163X 潞西市西山乡弄丙村民委员会拱外村民一小组 2013.03 20. 排早弄 Jingpo 景颇 533121196807201614 潞西市西山乡弄丙村民委员会拱外村民一小组 2013.03 21. 李勒干 Jingpo 景颇 53312119600816161X 潞西市西山乡弄丙村民委员会吕折村民一小组 2013.03 22. 李勒南 Jingpo 景颇 53310319890222161X 潞西市西山乡弄丙村民委员会吕折村民一小组 2013.03 23. 王昆翁 Jingpo 景颇 53310319880403161X 潞西市西山乡弄丙村民委员会吕折村民一小组 2013.03 24. 李成保 Jingpo 景颇 533103198702221615 潞西市西山乡弄丙村民委员会吕折村民一小组 2013.03 25. 唐勒栽 Jingpo 景颇 533103198209201610 潞西市西山乡弄丙村民委员会拱外村民一小组 2013.03 26. 杨丛位 Han 汉 533103197901071619 潞西市西山乡弄丙村民委员会新寨村民小组 2013.03 27. 张德坤 Han 汉 533103196612062412 潞西市五岔路乡芒蚌村民委员会外寨村民小组一社 2013.03 28. 张自留 Han 汉 533121196205141415 潞西市江东乡仙仁洞村民委员会崩龙寨小组二社 2013.03 29. 唐洪贤 Han 汉 533121196903231434 潞西市江东乡花拉厂村民委员会花拉厂三村三社 2013.03 30. 何勒朋 Jingpo 景颇 533103198602281637 潞西市西山乡弄丙村民委员会拱外村民一小组 2013.03 31. 排南叁 Jingpo 景颇 533103198306184429 潞西市遮放镇翁角村民委员会下翁角村民小组 2013.03 32. 唐洪跃 Han 汉 533121196606131410 潞西市江东乡花拉厂村民委员会花拉厂二村二社 2013.03 33. 封焊才 Han 汉 53312119620601141X 芒市东河头村 2013.03 34. 杨思永 Han 汉 533121196907211415 芒市轩岗均竹园村 2013.03 35. 康定通 Han 汉 533103198411251413 芒市江东李子坪村 2013.03 36. 刘会菊 Dai 傣 533121197407081412 芒市江东仙仁洞村 2013.03 37. 高超 Han 汉 533103199105290617 芒市城效上东村 2013.03 38. 段玉国 Han 汉 533121197408171453 芒市三台山帮强村 2013.03 39. 叶超文 Han 汉 533121198407171441 芒市江东李子坪村 2013.03 40. 番进昌 Han 汉 533121197409101453 芒市江东李子坪村 2013.03 41. 黄帮强 Dai 傣 533121198504251417 芒市江东李子坪村 2013.03 42. 刘永全 Han 汉 533103198910101141 芒市轩岗均竹园村 2013.03 43. 康定和 Han 汉 533103197210071541 芒市江东李子坪村 2013.03 44. 刘安文 Han 汉 533103198504271557 芒市轩岗均竹园村 2013.03 45. 李继善 Han 汉 533103198704171411 芒市城效下东村 2013.03 46. 李连清 Han 汉 533103198904171415 芒市江东李子坪村 2013.03 47. 左明山 Han 汉 533103198811121417 芒市轩岗均竹园村 2013.03 48. 吴秋青 Han 汉 533103197901031413 芒市轩岗均竹园村 2013.03 49. 李国佑 Han 汉 533103198202241417 芒市轩岗均竹园村 2013.03 50. 杨大继 Han 汉 533024198806091014 龙陵县河头麦地村 2013.03 51. 晏详回 Han 汉 533103198910052413 芒市江东河头村 2013.03 52. 岩路 Han 汉 53310319910520212 芒市遮放镇户弄村菲海二社 2013.09 53. 郎岩回 Han 汉 533121196807260219 芒市遮放镇户弄村菲海二社 2013.03 54. 板二朵 Han 汉 533103198304200210 芒市遮放镇户弄村菲海一社 2013.03 55. 杨立湘 Han 汉 533024195908101013 龙陵县龙江乡 2013.03 56. 卢家本 Han 汉 533024197611011032 龙陵县龙江乡 2013.03 57. 范彩仙 Han 汉 533024198211191024 龙陵县龙江乡 2013.04 58. 王兴华 Han 汉 533024197609161031 龙陵县龙江乡 2013.03 59. 卢申豪 Han 汉 53302419810801103X 龙陵县龙江乡 2013.03 60. 王兴升 Han 汉 533024198312281010 龙陵县龙江乡 2013.03 61. 王尚传 Han 汉 533024196812271039 龙陵县龙江乡 2013.04 62. 王正望 Han 汉 533024197307011011 龙陵县龙江乡 2013.03 63. 杨家晓 Han 汉 533024198702051034 龙陵县龙江乡 2013.05 64. 王树生 Han 汉 533024197002091073 龙陵县龙江乡 2013.03 65. 杨立云 Han 汉 533024196305181013 龙陵县龙江乡 2013.03 66. 郎二里 Han 汉 533120197104250238 潞西市遮放镇 2013.03 Source: Contractor No. 14

B. Technical Training 14. In the visit to Mangshi Township, the consultant was brought to two Dai natural villages (Shuicaozi and Mangbie) to witness the technical training on field management Oriental Tobacco production. It is emergency training aimed at managing the cold hazard occurred in late 2013. The trainings, organized by the township’s technical station, were given in Dai language, but the banner in Mandarin. The consultant learnt the training will cover all natural villages that have tobaccos. Apart from these trainings per emergency needs, there are a number of routine trainings on cultivation of rice, sweet corn, sugarcane, tea, and etc. The trainings target each natural village at least twice a year.

Figure 2: Training on Cold Hazard Management of Tobacco in Mangshi Township

15. All interviews APs, including EM people and women, confirmed that there were such field trainings organized by township technical stations. And villagers can also easily contact the technical staff at townships for advices, if needed. 16. In addition to trainings organized by township technical stations, city line agencies (agricultural bureau, science and technological bureau, ethnic minority affairs bureau) also organized a series of trainings on agricultural production (Table 4), including the introduction of new crops and technologies to APs, as well as to other farmers, to increase their income. For instance, Ruili City was trying to introduce lemon production, rice-fish culture, etc through training (Figure 3 and Table 4).

Figure 3: Training on Rich-Fish Culture and Lemon-Corn Intercropping in Ruili City

Table 4: Trainings Organized by Line Agencies in Ruili City

Content Location Participants Reading material (person-times) distributed (No.) Lemon cultivation Whole Ruili 5,007 9,000 Sweet corn cultivation 1. Nuanbo Vilage, Jiexiang Township 170 250 140 2. Xinjian Village, Jiegao Township 120 200 3. Hansha Village, Township 200 Transplanting of Oriental Jeixiang Township 150 200 Tobacco Corn and lemon intercropping Huddao Village, Mengxiu 60 100 Establishment of HH lemon Yuhu village, Yuhu Township 56 100 plantation Intercropping of corn with Mingjia Village, Huyu Township 70 100 pommel

Dendrobe cultivation Nongxian Village, Huyu Township 100 100

Intercropping of coffee with Humin Cooperative, Mengfaba village, 90 100 rubber trees Yuhu Township Sugarcane cultivation Eluo Village, Jiexiang Township 120 200 Dengxiu Village, Nongdao Township 120 200

Rubber tree disease control Jiexiang Township 100 300 Application of rainhat for rubber Mengfuba cooperative, Yuhu Township 120 20, 000 hats trees Rice-fish culture 3 times in 2013 150 Banling Village, Yuhu Township Walnut management Nongxian Village, Yuhu Township 100 200 techniques

Source: City Government

C. Support to Ethnic Minority Communities 17. All contractors had supported ethnic minority communities in one way or another, such as helping EM communities to improve access roads and public facilities. Below are some examples: (i) China Railway No.9 Group Co., Ltd., the contractor for package No.4, invested CNY11,959 in building a public toilet for Yunmao Dai Village at Xiangguntang Township of Mangshi City (ii) Yunnan No.2 Highway & Bridge Engineering Co., Ltd., the contractor of contract package No.11, invested CNY50,000 in building a public toilet for Huyu ntural village of Padi Dai Village of Dai People at Fengping Township of Mangshi City. (iii) China Railway No.12 Group Co., Ltd., contractor of package No.12, widened a 500m long village road for the De’ang Village of Bangwai. In addition, it invested CNY 5,200 in rearranging a 3,500m long water pipeline for another De’ang Village of Chudonggua. (iv) Again, China Railway No.12 Group Co., Ltd., donated CNY 3,000 to the government of Santaishan De’ang Township for Women’s Day (08 March) and Watering Splashing Festival.

(v) Contractor for Package No. 20 invested CNY85,000 to improve village roads for Huoma Jinpo Village of at Mengmao Township of Ruili city. D. Land Acquisition and Resettlement in Visited EM Natural Villages 18. Chudonggua natural village, Santaishan Township, Mangshi City. It is a mountainous De’ang natural village of Chudonggua village. It has 136 De’ang HH with 593 persons. The project acquisitioned 80mu farmland and out of a total of 3,530mu by March 2013, affecting 123 HHs with 556 persons. There is no relocation in this natural village. 19. Shuicaozi natural village, Mangshi Township, Mangshi City. Land of 56.37mu (6.3% of the total land area 889.3 mu) were acquired by May 2013 and houses of 785.3m2 were demolished by the project by June 2013. The village has 88 households of 359 people who are mostly Dai ethnic minority (350 persons). Land acquisition affected 48 HHs and demolishment of house and structures affected 20 HHs. Of the 20 HHs affected by demolishment of houses and structures, 7HHs with 785.3m2 of houses and structures, need to be relocated. All the 7 households moved to their new houses by July 2013. 20. Nongnong natural village, Zhefang Township, Mangshi City. It is a Dai Ethnic Minority village with 96 HHs of 468 people. It has a farmland area of 1,180mu that are all paddy land after 133.57mu being acquired from 57 HHs by May 2013. Among the 14 HHs affected by demolishment of house and structures, 11 HHs need to be relocated. The total demolishment area of houses and structures is 2,543.1 m2. All 11 relocation HHs have relocated by June 2013. 21. Nongmen natural village, Zhefang Township, Mangshi City. It has 82 Dai and 3 Han HHs. It has a land resource of 883.5mu after land acquisition of 56.37mu from 46 HHs by June 2013. Besides the land acquisition, there were 20 HHs affected by house; demolishment, including 7 relocation HHs. One of the 7 relocation HHs, one relocated in May 2013 and the rest relocated in August- September 2013. 22. Batuo natural village, Zhefang Township, Mangshi City. It is a Dai natural village with 190HHs and 886 persons. The project acquisitioned 180.59mu and 24.7mu of farmland and forestland out of 3,071mu and 9,504mu respectively. Farmland acquisition affected 18 HHs. 23. Manghong natural village, Fengping Township, Mangshi City. It is Dai natural village of Mangshai Village in Fengping Township. This natural village has 222 HHs with 1,133 persons, exclusively Dai people. Out of the 2,459.1mu of farmland, 119.5mu or 4.9% was acquisitioned by the project by May 2013. Of the 4,680mu of forestland, 87.1mu or 1.9% was acquisitioned by the project. The project did not affect any house. 24. Layuan natural village, Fengping Township, Mangshi City. Layuan is mixed village of 46 HHs with 219 persons including 130 Jingpo, 74 Dai and 15 Han. It has rich land resource that totals to 1,155mu after 83.35mu being acquired before March 2013. There are 27 and 2 HHs affected by land acquisition and by relocation. Of the two relocation HHs, one moved in his new house in May 2013 and the other one in August 2013. 25. Huoma natural village, Mengmao Township, Ruili City. It is a Jingpo natural village of Mangling Village. It has 43 Jingpo HHs with 156 persons. The project only acquired 13.8mu or 4.6% of the village’s total farmland of 299.4mu, plus 33.3mu forestland out of 4,020mu by April 2013. No one was severely affected by land acquisition. However, the project resulted in the relocation of 9 HHs, Of the 9 relocation HHs, 6 relocated in May 2013 and 2 relocated in August 2013, and the remaining one relocated in an unused house of his mother since April 2013. This HH, however, should not be counted as in transition because it intends to build a luxury 2-storey house in a few years once it could afford for the cost. All HHs confirmed that they received all compensations timely.

26. Kanan natural village, Mengmao Township, Ruili City. It is another Jingpo natural village of the above mentioned Mangling Village. It has 47 Jingpo HHs with 287 persons. The project acquisitioned 28.26mu farmland out of a total 287mu and affected 35 HHs by April 2013. In addition, the project resulted in the relocation of 2 HHs, and both relocated in May 2013. 27. Mangling natural village, Mengmao Township, Ruili City. It is a Dai natural village where there are 126 HHs with 611 persons. It has a land area of 1,704mu after 96mu of 77 HHs being acquired by June 2013. In addition, there are 11 HHs with 1,944.96m2 of houses being demolished. The 11 HHs were relocated by March 2013. 28. Jiele natural village, Mengmao Township, Ruili City. Jiele Dai village has 174HHs with 808 persons. There are 81 HHs (46.6% of total) and 4 HHs (2.3% of total) affected by land acquisition and house relocation respectively. The village has the land area of 2596mu after acquisition of 141.2mu (5.4% of total) by May 2013. The demolishment area of the 4 HHs is 729.97m2. All 4 HHs completed relocation by late March 2013. 29. Xiaomidi, Longxin Township, Longling County. It is a Lisu natural village of Huangcaoba village. It has 67 HHs with 306 persons. 66 of the 67 HHs are Lisu. The village has 303.4mu of farmland after 19.6 mu of 22 HHs being acquisitioned before March 2013. Of the 3,482mu of forestland in Xiaomidi, 19.7mu of 6 HHs were acquired. Land s were acquisitioned E. Income Restoration of Land Loss EM HHs 30. To initially assess the income restoration of land loss HHs, the consultant surveyed 23 sample EM HHs that were also targeted by the baseline survey. The survey results, in comparison with baseline survey results, are presented in the External Monitoring Report #4-RP Implementation. Of the 23 sample EM HHs, the farmland loss ranges from 2% to 71%. The survey results of 23 EM HHs, are summarized as follows: (i) 18 HHs reported having net loss from cropping, ranging from CNY 800 to over CNY 12,000 in 2013, compared with the baseline survey year of 2011 (ii) 3 HHs have not yet restored their overall income. (iii) 20 HHs have restored their income. The income loss from cropping was mostly covered by working as unskilled labors for the project. All HHs had worked for the project and each HH earned CNY 1,500~5,000. However, if deducting the income from working for the project, only 12HHs had restored their income. In a word, sustainable measures will still be needed for income restoration. F. Level of Satisfaction of Interviewed EM HHS 31. All interviewed households are satisfactory with the implementation of EMDP and RP and no complaints were heard.

V. Conclusion

32. It is concluded that the EMDP is implementing well and the set targets are basically achieved, except a small number of actions that could only be carried once the expressway is in operation. 33. However, sustainable income generating measures will still be sought for land loss HHs to restore their income.