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ADB-Financed Yunnan Integrated Road Network Development Project ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT November 2009 Revised April 2010 Chongqing Communications Design and Research Institute For Yunnan Provincial Department of Transport The environmental impact assessment is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB's Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature. Your attention is directed to the "Terms of Use" section of this website. CURRENCY EQUIVALENTS (as of 15 April 2010) Currency Unit = Yuan (CNY) CNY 1.00 = $0.1465 $1.00 = CNY 6.826 The exchange rate of the Yuan is determined under a floating exchange rate system. In this report, a rate of $1.00 = CNY 7.8450 was used (the rate prevailing at the time of preparation). ABBREVIATIONS ADB — Asian Development Bank CO2 — Carbon dioxide EIA — environmental impact assessment EMP — environmental management plan MEP — Ministry of Environmental Protection NO2 — nitrogen dioxide pH — a measure of acidity/alkalinity PRC — People’s Republic of China ROW — Right-of-way SO2 — sulfur dioxide SS — suspended solid TA — technical assistance TSP — total suspended particle YEPB — Yunnan Provincial Environmental Protection Bureau YHIC — Yunnan Provincial Highway Development and Investment Company YPDOT — Yunnan Provincial Department of Transport YPHB — Yunnan Provincial Highway Bureau WEIGHTS AND MEASURES km — kilometer m — meter NOTES (i) The fiscal year of the Government and its agencies ends on 31 December. (ii) In this report, "$" refers to US dollars. TABLE OF CONTENTS I. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 1 A. Introduction 1 a) Expressway EIA Preparation 1 b) EARF for the other Project Components 2 B. Critical Facts 3 a) Brief Project Description 3 b) Brief Baseline Environment Description 4 c) Environmental Sensitive Areas along the Alignment 4 d) Grievance Redress Mechanism 5 C. Significant Findings 6 D. Recommendations 7 II. POLICY, LEGAL, AND ADMINISTRATION FRAMEWORK 9 A. National Laws and Regulations 9 B. Local Regulations 10 C. Technical Specification and Guidelines 10 D. ADB Environmental Policies 11 E. Relevant International Agreements that China Joined or Signed 11 F. Project Related Materials 11 III. DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT 12 A. Overall Description of the Project Components 12 B. Expressway/Highway 12 a) Major Components 12 b) Associated Facilities 16 C. Local Road Maintenance and Rehabilitation 19 D. Community-based Rural Road Maintenance 19 IV. DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT (Including Baseline Data) 20 A. Physical Setting 20 B. Environmental Condition of Regional Ecological Environment 21 a) Ecology Sensitive Areas 21 b) Flora 27 c) Fauna 33 d) Aquatic Organism 36 e) Soil 39 f) Land Use 39 C. Water Environment 42 a) Water Body in the Project Region 42 b) Standards of Water Environment 45 c) Conventional Monitoring 46 d) Water Quality Monitoring During the EIA 49 D. Noise 50 a) Noise Sensitive Areas 50 b) Noise Standard 50 c) Noise Level Monitoring 51 E. Ambient Air 56 a) Sensitive Areas 56 b) Ambient Air Standards 56 c) Air Quality Monitoring 56 F. Social Environment 57 a) Social Sensitive Area 57 b) General description 58 c) Social Economic 59 d) Mineral Resources 60 e) Tourism 60 f) Quality of Life 61 G. Physical Cultural Resources 62 V. ALTERNATIVE ANALYSIS 64 A. With- and Without-Project Alternatives 64 B. Regional Corridor Reasonability Analysis 64 C. Alternative Transport Modes 65 D. Alternative Alignment for Sections 65 VI. ASSESSMENT OF IMPACTS AND MITIGATION 73 A. Impact Assessment on Key Environmental Sensitive Areas 73 a) Tongbiguan Nature Reserve 76 b) Ruilijiang-Dayingjiang National Level Scenic Area 79 c) Physical Cultural Resources 84 d) Fapo Reservoir 87 B. Soil Erosion 88 C. Impacts on Ecology 95 D. Impacts on Water Environment 98 E. Noise Impacts 101 a) Construction Phase 101 b) Operation Period 104 F. Air Quality 117 G. GHG Emission 122 a) Introduction 122 b) Vehicle Emission from Improved Roads and Traffic Conditions 125 H. Transport of Hazardous and Toxic Materials 126 I. Access roads 126 J. Community Severance 126 K. Resettlement and Relocation 127 L. Health and Safety 128 M. Tourism 130 N. Economic Development and Poverty Alleviation 130 O. Public Disturbance 131 P. Cumulative Impacts 131 Q. Induced Impacts 133 R. Illegal Cross-border Trade and the LR Expressway 133 S. Possible Change in Alignment 134 T. Local Roads Rehabilitation and Maintenance 134 U. Rural Road Maintenance Component 135 VII. ECONOMIC ASSESSMENT 136 A. Environmental Protection Investments 136 B. Environmental Benefits 136 VIII. PUBLIC CONSULTATION AND DISCLOSURE 138 A. Public Participation during Project Preparation 138 B. Summary of Public Consultation Results 138 C. Information Disclosure 138 D. Future Public Consultation during Implementation 139 IX. GRIEVANCE REDRESS MECHANISM 140 A. Introduction 140 B. Current Practice 140 C. Proposed Grievance Redress System 140 D. Environmental Complaints Handling Procedure 141 X. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN 143 A. Objectives 143 B. Mitigation Measures 143 C. Management and Supervision Organizations 143 D. Environmental Monitoring 144 E. Environmental Supervision 145 F. Independent Environmental Supervision Consultant (IESC) 145 G. Correction and Improvement of Mitigation Measures 146 XI. CONCLUSION and RECOMMENDATIONS 147 Appendix 1 Environment Management Plan Appendix 2 Environmental Assessment Review Framework Appendix 3 Tables and Figures Source: YPDOT. I. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY A. Introduction 1. This Environmental Impact Assessment Report (Project EIA) for the Integrated Yunnan Road Network Development Project (the Project) was prepared by Yunnan Provincial Department of Transport (YPDOT). It is based on Environmental Impact Assessment for Longling to Ruili Expressway Project.1 (Expressway EIA) and No. 12 East to West Expressway of National Highway Trunk Network System Hongzou to Ruili Expressway Longling Ruili Section Feasibility Study Report 2 (Feasibility Study Report). Project EIA also includes contents of Asian Development Bank (ADB) financed Project Preparatory Technical Assistance final report3 (PPTA Final Report) and on going Preliminary Design for the Longling to Ruili expressway4. The author greatly appreciates Yunnan Provincial Department of Transport, Environmental Protection Bureau, Yunnan Highway Administration Bureau, Yunnan Longrui Expressway Company, Dehong Prefecture Communication Bureau, Dehong Prefecture Forest Bureau, Yunnan Communications Design Institute, Wanding Economic Development Zone, Wanding Construction Bureau, Wanding Environmental Protection Bureau, and Wanding Planning Bureau for information provided by them. 2. The Project has four components: (i) construction of Longling-Ruili expressway,5 including class II highway (linking road) from Ruili to Nongdao and interchange linking roads, (ii) Yunnan Local Road Rehabilitation, 6 (iii) Maintenance subproject and Gender and Development (GAD) Rural Road Maintenance component,7 and (iv) Enhance performance by capacity building. The Project’s Environment Management Plan (EMP, Appendix 1) was prepared incorporating measures described in the Project EIA. For Local Road Rehabilitation and GAD, environmental assessment and review framework (EARF, Appendix 2) was prepared by the PPTA consultants. Detailed environmental assessment information such as expressway plan, vegetation map, list of environmentally sensitive points, and list of flora and fauna is in Appendix 3. a) Expressway EIA Preparation 3. Complying with the Regulation on the Administration of Construction Project Environmental Protection (State Council Order 253, 29 Nov 1998), Dehong Prefecture Communication Bureau (DPCB), as the representative of Yunnan Provincial Department of Transport (YPDOT), contracted Chongqing Communication Research Institute as the consultant to conduct the Expressway EIA for Longling to Ruili in November 2007. The expressway component includs 123.79 km of expressway from Longling to Ruili and 34.38 km of Class II 1 Chongqing Communications Design and Research Institute. 2009. Environmental Impact Assessment for Longling to Ruili Expressway Project. Kunming. 2 Yunnan Highway Design Institute. 2009. No. 12 East to West Expressway of National Highway Trunk Network System Hongzou to Ruili Expressway Longling Ruili Section Feasibility Study Report. Kunming. 3 WINLOT Consulting, Ltd. 2010. TA4970-PRC Yunnan Integrated Road Network Development Project Final Report. Manila. 4 YPDOT has entrusted the preliminary design to Yunnan Highway Design Institute. 5 It was renamed to “Constructed new Longling–Ruili highway corridor.” 6 It was renamed to “Improved local road network conditions in Yunnan.” 7 It was renamed to “Improved rural roads conditions in Dehong Prefecture.” 1 highway from Ruili to Nongdao and 9 interchange connecting roads. 4. With the assistance of the YPDOT and other relevant government departments, the Expressway EIA team undertook field work including site investigations and data collection between November 2007 and May 2008. During the period, public consultation and information disclosure was conducted. Further public consultation was conducted in June and July 2008 and again in September 2008. A draft EIA report was submitted in March 2009 to PRC Ministry of Environmental Protection (MEP) for review and the full approval was received from MEP in November 2009 following the reviews by a MEP’s expert panel and by Environmental Protection Office of MOT. 5. As required by the domestic procedures
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