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Marine Ecology Technical Report – LNG Facility Volume 5: Attachments Attachment 20: Marine Ecology Technical Report – LNG Facility

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Marine Ecology Technical Report – LNG Facility Volume 5: Attachments Attachment 20: Marine Ecology Technical Report – LNG Facility Australia Pacific LNG Project Volume 5: Attachments Attachment 20: Marine Ecology Technical Report – LNG Facility Volume 5: Attachments Attachment 20: Marine Ecology Technical Report – LNG Facility Disclaimer This report has been prepared on behalf of and for the exclusive use of Australia Pacific LNG Pty Limited, and is subject to and issued in accordance with the agreement between Australia Pacific LNG Pty Limited and WorleyParsons Services Pty Ltd. WorleyParsons Services Pty Ltd accepts no liability or responsibility whatsoever for it in respect of any use of or reliance upon this report by any third party. Copying this report without the permission of Australia Pacific LNG Pty Limited or WorleyParsons is not permitted. Australia Pacific LNG Project EIS Page ii March 2010 Volume 5: Attachments Attachment 20: Marine Ecology Technical Report – LNG Facility Executive Summary Australia Pacific LNG Limited proposes a project which comprises the development of coal seam gas (CSG) fields, the construction of a gas pipeline, together with the construction of a liquefied natural gas (LNG) plant and associated facilities to export the gas to international markets. This report focuses on the construction of the pipeline in the marine environment. The pipeline is proposed to cross the wetlands of Targinie Creek on the mainland and then across The Narrows to a landing on Curtis Island just south of Laird Point. The LNG plant is located just south of Laird Point on Curtis Island. This report describes the marine environmental values in Port Curtis and assesses the potential impact on the marine environment of constructing and operating of an LNG plant at the proposed location. Broadly, the key features of the marine environment in Port Curtis are: Extensive saltpan/saltmarsh, seagrass and mangrove habitats that provide important nursery habitat for juvenile fish and prawns, and support fisheries production. The seagrass is also a food source for dugong. Nesting and feeding habitat for marine turtles. There is a medium density flatback turtle rookery at Southend on Curtis Island. Habitat for inshore dolphin species including the endemic Australian snubfin dolphin, the Indo- Pacific humpback dolphin and the inshore form of the bottlenose dolphin. Although the seabed is dominated by unvegetated sedimentary environments, natural rocky reef habitat occurs, and there is artificial hard substrata including jetty piles and rock walls. An assemblage of macrobenthic infauna that is dominated by filter feeding organisms, with species richness and abundance that is lowest on fine muddy substrates in intertidal areas, and greatest in the coarse sandy sediments that predominated in the deeper channels of the estuary. Utilisation for commercial and recreational fishing Water quality that is generally high but influenced by tidal state and input from river systems. It is identified the Fitzroy River catchment is a source of elevated dissolved metals (nickel and to a lesser extent copper) that occur in The Narrows. Australia Pacific LNG Project EIS Page iii March 2010 Volume 5: Attachments Attachment 20: Marine Ecology Technical Report – LNG Facility Contents 1. Introduction ...............................................................................................................................1 2. Existing environment................................................................................................................. 2 2.1 Marine parks, wetlands and World Heritage areas................................................................... 2 2.1.1 Seagrass ...................................................................................................................... 4 2.1.2 Mangroves and saltmarsh............................................................................................ 4 2.1.3 Rocky reefs and rocky shores...................................................................................... 5 2.2 Marine habitats within the proposed development footprint ..................................................... 5 2.2.1 Intertidal habitats.......................................................................................................... 5 2.2.2 Sub-tidal habitats.......................................................................................................... 9 2.3 Water quality ........................................................................................................................... 12 2.3.1 Environmental values................................................................................................. 12 2.3.2 Existing water quality.................................................................................................. 12 2.3.3 Level of ecosystem protection.................................................................................... 14 2.3.4 Water quality guidelines ............................................................................................. 14 2.4 Marine species of conservation significance........................................................................... 16 2.4.1 Dugong....................................................................................................................... 16 2.4.2 Marine turtles.............................................................................................................. 18 2.4.3 Cetacean - whales and dolphins ................................................................................ 23 2.4.4 Estuarine crocodile..................................................................................................... 23 2.4.5 Sea snakes.................................................................................................................24 2.4.6 Pipefish and seahorses.............................................................................................. 24 2.5 Soft sediment macrobenthic infaunal assemblages ............................................................... 25 2.6 Plankton .................................................................................................................................. 28 2.7 Exotic marine species and marine pests ................................................................................ 29 2.8 Fish and nektobenthic invertebrates ....................................................................................... 29 2.9 Fisheries resources................................................................................................................. 32 2.9.1 Commercial fisheries.................................................................................................. 32 2.9.2 Recreational fisheries................................................................................................. 35 3. Impact assessment ................................................................................................................. 37 3.1 Habitat reclamation ................................................................................................................. 38 3.1.1 Impact assessment .................................................................................................... 38 Australia Pacific LNG Project EIS Page v March 2010 Volume 5: Attachments Attachment 20: Marine Ecology Technical Report – LNG Facility 3.1.2 Mitigation and offsets ................................................................................................. 38 3.2 Boat strike ...............................................................................................................................40 3.2.1 Impact assessment .................................................................................................... 40 3.2.2 Mitigation .................................................................................................................... 40 3.3 Underwater noise .................................................................................................................... 41 3.3.1 Impact assessment .................................................................................................... 41 3.3.2 Mitigation and monitoring ........................................................................................... 41 3.4 LNG Facility lighting ................................................................................................................ 42 3.4.1 Impact assessment .................................................................................................... 42 3.4.2 Mitigation .................................................................................................................... 42 3.5 Fishing access ........................................................................................................................ 43 3.5.1 Impact assessment .................................................................................................... 43 3.5.2 Mitigation and offsets ................................................................................................. 43 3.6 Plankton entrainment .............................................................................................................. 43 3.6.1 Impact assessment .................................................................................................... 43 3.6.2 Mitigation and monitoring ........................................................................................... 44 3.7 Desalination discharge...........................................................................................................
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