No. Region Location Address of Automatic Deposit Machines the Bank’S Subdivision 1 Brest Brest, 11 Vorovskogo Str
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Lyakhovichi Was a Small Jewish Shtetl in Eastern Europe Ruled by Four Different Nations Over the Years
Lyakhovichi, Home to our Busel Ancestors Judy Duchan February 29, 2016 Lyakhovichi was a small Jewish shtetl in Eastern Europe ruled by four different nations over the years. The town still exists, but it is no longer a Jewish shtetl. In its earliest days it was part of the Lithuania. Later, in 1772, because of various agreements and partitions among Eastern and Central European countries it was part of Poland. Then in 1795, when Poland was partitioned once again, it became part of Russia. During the Second World War the Jews of the town either left or were killed. The very latest geographic change for Lyakhovichi took place in 1991 when Belarussians declared themselves a free country, separate from the Soviet Union. Lyakhovichi then became part of Belarus, as it is today. These historic changes of Lyakhovichi’s are apparent when googling Lyakhovichi. The town shows up under various names and spellings: Lyakhovichi (Russian and Bellorussian), Lachowicze (Lithuanian and Polish), or Lechowitz (Yiddish). As it was in the day of our grandmother, Lyakhovichi is located on the route between the larger cities of Minsk and Pinsk, and even larger cities Warsaw and Moscow. Because of its strategic location it has played an outsized role throughout its history. Napoleon went through Lyachovichi on his way to Moscow in 1812, and during World War I it was the scene of heavy fighting between Russia and Germany. Here is an account its World War I role: 1915. The Germans are invading Russia. Every day there continues through Lechowitz a stream of covered wagons. -
ZRBG – Ghetto-Liste (Stand: 01.08.2014) Sofern Eine Beschäftigung I
ZRBG – Ghetto-Liste (Stand: 01.08.2014) Sofern eine Beschäftigung i. S. d. ZRBG schon vor dem angegebenen Eröffnungszeitpunkt glaubhaft gemacht ist, kann für die folgenden Gebiete auf den Beginn der Ghettoisierung nach Verordnungslage abgestellt werden: - Generalgouvernement (ohne Galizien): 01.01.1940 - Galizien: 06.09.1941 - Bialystok: 02.08.1941 - Reichskommissariat Ostland (Weißrussland/Weißruthenien): 02.08.1941 - Reichskommissariat Ukraine (Wolhynien/Shitomir): 05.09.1941 Eine Vorlage an die Untergruppe ZRBG ist in diesen Fällen nicht erforderlich. Datum der Nr. Ort: Gebiet: Eröffnung: Liquidierung: Deportationen: Bemerkungen: Quelle: Ergänzung Abaujszanto, 5613 Ungarn, Encyclopedia of Jewish Life, Braham: Abaújszántó [Hun] 16.04.1944 13.07.1944 Kassa, Auschwitz 27.04.2010 (5010) Operationszone I Enciklopédiája (Szántó) Reichskommissariat Aboltsy [Bel] Ostland (1941-1944), (Oboltsy [Rus], 5614 Generalbezirk 14.08.1941 04.06.1942 Encyclopedia of Jewish Life, 2001 24.03.2009 Oboltzi [Yid], Weißruthenien, heute Obolce [Pol]) Gebiet Vitebsk Abony [Hun] (Abon, Ungarn, 5443 Nagyabony, 16.04.1944 13.07.1944 Encyclopedia of Jewish Life 2001 11.11.2009 Operationszone IV Szolnokabony) Ungarn, Szeged, 3500 Ada 16.04.1944 13.07.1944 Braham: Enciklopédiája 09.11.2009 Operationszone IV Auschwitz Generalgouvernement, 3501 Adamow Distrikt Lublin (1939- 01.01.1940 20.12.1942 Kossoy, Encyclopedia of Jewish Life 09.11.2009 1944) Reichskommissariat Aizpute 3502 Ostland (1941-1944), 02.08.1941 27.10.1941 USHMM 02.2008 09.11.2009 (Hosenpoth) Generalbezirk -
Review-Chronicle of Human Violations in Belarus in 2009
The Human Rights Center Viasna Review-Chronicle of Human Violations in Belarus in 2009 Minsk 2010 Contents A year of disappointed hopes ................................................................7 Review-Chronicle of Human Rights Violations in Belarus in January 2009....................................................................9 Freedom to peaceful assemblies .................................................................................10 Activities of security services .....................................................................................11 Freedom of association ...............................................................................................12 Freedom of information ..............................................................................................13 Harassment of civil and political activists ..................................................................14 Politically motivated criminal cases ...........................................................................14 Freedom of conscience ...............................................................................................15 Prisoners’ rights ..........................................................................................................16 Review-Chronicle of Human Rights Violations in Belarus in February 2009................................................................17 Politically motivated criminal cases ...........................................................................19 Harassment of -
National Threat Assessment 2021
DEFENCE INTELLIGENCE STATE SECURITY AND SECURITY DEPARTMENT OF SERVICE UNDER THE REPUBLIC OF THE MINISTRY OF LITHUANIA NATIONAL DEFENCE NATIONAL THREAT ASSESSMENT 2021 DEFENCE INTELLIGENCE STATE SECURITY AND SECURITY DEPARTMENT OF SERVICE UNDER THE REPUBLIC OF THE MINISTRY OF LITHUANIA NATIONAL DEFENCE NATIONAL THREAT ASSESSMENT 2021 VILNIUS, 2021 CONTENTS INTRODUCTION 3 FOREWORD 5 SUMMARY 8 NEW SECURITY CHALLENGES 12 REGIONAL SECURITY 17 MILITARY SECURITY 27 ACTIVITIES OF HOSTILE INTELLIGENCE AND SECURITY SERVICES 41 PROTECTION OF CONSTITUTIONAL ORDER 50 INFORMATION SECURITY 54 ECONOMIC AND ENERGY SECURITY 61 TERRORISM AND GLOBAL SECURITY 67 3 INTRODUCTION The National Threat Assessment by the State Security Department of the Republic of Lithuania (VSD) and the Defence Intelligence and Security Service under the Ministry of National Defence of the Republic of Lithuania (AOTD) is presented to the public in accordance with Articles 8 and 26 of the Law on Intelligence of the Republic of Lithuania. The document provides consolidated, unclassified assessment of threats and risks to national security of the Repub- lic of Lithuania prepared by both intelligence services. The document assesses events, processes and trends that correspond to the intelligence requirements approved by the State Defence Council. Based on them and considering the long-term trends affecting national security, the document provides the assessment of major challenges that the Lithuanian national security is to face in the near term (2021–2022). The assessments of long-term -
8. Regions and Regional Planning
8. REGIONS AND REGIONAL PLANNING Spatial inequalities and regions at a glance The most sparsely populated area is Paliessie, which lies in the south. The only exceptions Whereas landscapes in Belarus change from within this area are the eastern and western gate- north to south (e.g. from the Belarusian Lakeland ways of Brest and Homieĺ, which are the admin- in the north to the Paliessie region in the south), istrative centres of the region. in terms of socio-economic development the Brest, which is the location of the largest country exhibits an east-west gradient as well border crossing in the west, is famous for its as regional differences that reflect centre-pe- fortress. The Bielaviežskaja Pušča National Park riphery disparities. Some of these inequalities near Brest is a World Heritage Nature Reserve. It can be traced back to the period when the coun- received this status as Europe’s largest primeval try’s western regions formed a part of Poland forest. The pride of the park is its population of (Kireenko, E.G. 2003). The east-west dichotomy bison. Brest is also renowned as the site of sever- is also apparent in the more industrialized nature al major historical treaties and events (the Brest of the eastern regions (Ioffe, G. 2004, 2006) and Union of 1596, the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk of 1918, the richer cultural and architectural heritage of the defence of the Brest Fortress in 1941, and the western areas with their more favourable demo- graphics. Nevertheless, these differences are far less profound than those seen in Ukraine. -
Why I Left My Old Home and What I Have Accomplished in America
Chapter 4 Why I Left My Old Home and What I Have Accomplished in America Aaron Domnitz (Aba Beitani) b. 1884,Romanovo, Belarus To U.S.: 1906;settled in Baltimore, Md. The autobiography of Aaron Domnitz is the purest example of the maskil type in this collection. A deeply pious and zealous student of Gemara as a child and youth, he was drawn to the study of Hebrew literature and secular subjects as a yeshiva student. Influenced by the revolutionary fervor sur- rounding him, Domnitz romanticized workers and industrial labor but lasted only a brief time in the “shop” when he arrived in the United States. Domnitz describes his experiences as a member of the literary and intellectual circle known as “Di Yunge,” the Young Ones, while living in the Bronx in the first decades of the twentieth century. An ideal informant, the writer has a knack for keen observation, evoking his surroundings with a sharp eye and close detail, always placing the phenomena he describes vividly in their historical contexts. Introduction I want to make use of the autobiographical form, so I will skip many, many things that have occurred in my life. I will record only those details of my childhood that have in my consciousness some connection with my later urge to travel somewhere. Ruminating over my past has renewed in my memory several details that at one time made a strong impression on me, and I portray them here. These too would be interesting for a histo- rian who might sometime ruminate over old documents and want to form 124 Why I Left My Old Home and What I Have Accomplished in America 125 a complete picture of the people who took part in the great Jewish immi- gration at the beginning of the century. -
Sanctions Program: Belarus: Verordnung Vom 11. Dezember 2020 Über Massnahmen Gegenüber Belarus (SR 946.231.116.9), Anhang 1 Origin: EU Sanctions: Art
Federal Department of Economic Affairs, Education and Research EAER State Secretariat for Economic Affairs SECO Bilateral Economic Relations Sanctions Version of 07.07.2021 Sanctions program: Belarus: Verordnung vom 11. Dezember 2020 über Massnahmen gegenüber Belarus (SR 946.231.116.9), Anhang 1 Origin: EU Sanctions: Art. 2 Abs. 1 (Finanzsanktionen) und Art. 3 Abs. 1 (Ein- und Durchreiseverbot) Sanctions program: Bélarus: Ordonnance du 11 décembre 2020 instituant des mesures à l’encontre du Bélarus (RS 946.231.116.9), annexe 1 Origin: EU Sanctions: art. 2, al. 1 (Sanctions financières) et art. 3, al. 1 (Interdiction de séjour et de transit) Sanctions program: Bielorussia: Ordinanza del 11 dicembre 2020 che istituisce provvedimenti nei confronti della Bielorussia (RS 946.231.116.9), allegato 1 Origin: EU Sanctions: art. 2 cpv. 1 (Sanzioni finanziarie) e art. 3 cpv. 1 (Divieto di entrata e di transito) Individuals SSID: 20-45419 Name: Buhuk Natallia Mikhailauna Spelling variant: a) БУГУК Наталля Мiхайлаўна (Belarusian) b) Buguk Natalia Mikhailovna (Russian) c) БУГУК Наталья Михайловна (Russian) Sex: W DOB: 19 Dec 1989 POB: Minsk, Belarus Nationality: Belarus Justification: In her position as judge at the Fruzensky district court in Minsk, Natallia Buhuk is responsible for numerous politically motivated rulings against journalists and protesters, in particular the sentencing of Katsiaryna Bakhvalava (Andreyeva) and Darya Chultsova. Violations of rights of defence and of right to a fair trial were reported during trials conducted under her supervision. She is therefore responsible for serious human rights violations and for seriously undermining the rule of law, as well as for the repression of civil society and democratic opposition. -
Mass Media in Belarus 2015 Annual Report
Belarusian Association of Journalists (BAJ) MASS MEDIA IN BELARUS 2015 ANNUAL REPORT Minsk 2016 CONTENTS SITUATION IN BELARUSIAN MASS MEDIA FIELD IN 2015 (Summary) ………………………………………………….....…. 3 MAIN EVENTS AND TRENDS IN BELARUSIAN MASS MEDIA FIELD IN 2015 ……………………………..……………….….… 4 CHANGES IN LEGISLATION …………………………………………… 9 VIOLATIONS OF THE RIGHTS OF MASS MEDIA AND JOURNALISTS, CONFLICTS IN THE SPHERE OF MASS-MEDIA ……………………………….................……...……....… 12 Court Cases (Except Administrative Prosecution) ………………..… 12 Detention of Journalists, Judicial Administrative Prosecution .... 13 Seizure of Equipment, Damages, Confiscation ……………………….. 21 Threats against Journalists ……………………......................................... 22 Warnings, Administrative Pressure ………….……………………………. 22 Violations Related to Access to Information ………………………… 25 Other Forms of Pressure and Violation of Journalists’ Rights … 29 Barriers to Printing or Distribution of Mass Media …………………. 31 Economic Policy for Mass Media ………………………........................... 32 Restrictions on the Free Use of the Web ………………………………. 33 Mass-media in Belarus: 2015 SITUATION IN BELARUSIAN MASS MEDIA FIELD IN 2015 (Summary) The Presidential election was the main factor that influenced the situation of mass media in Belarus in 2015. The election was held on October 11, 2015. On the eve of the Presidential election, the authorities introduced stricter norms into the media legislation and its application practice. Apparently, the decision was also grounded on the intention of Belarusian government to reinforce control over the media coverage of the gradually aggravating economic situation in the country. On January 1, 2015, new amendments into the Belarus law ‘On Mass Media’ came into force. They had been hastily adopted by the Belarusian legislators without any public discussion in December 2014. In particular, the amendments spread legal responsibility under the law on the Web media. -
Religion and Denominations in the Republic of Belarus
November 2011 Religion and denominations in the Republic of Belarus Multi-confessional structure of the Belarusian society has been forming over more than a thousand year history of the nation; it became an important factor that had a great influence on the formation of culture, mentality and state traditions of the present-day Belarus. The experience of our state, where more than 25 different denominations and religious movements organically coexist, is unique. The Orthodox Church has been of great 58.9 per cent of Belarusians consider importance on the Belarusian lands themselves believers. 82 per cent of since the adoption of Christianity in them are Orthodox, 12 per cent are the 10th century and today still attracts Roman Catholic and 6 per cent are a significant number of representatives of other believers. Four 58,9 % denominations. centuries later the of Belarusians are Catholic Church believers. 82 % of them are In the 16th came to the orthodox, 12 % are catholics, century the Grand Duchy E u r o p e a n of Lithuania that 6% represent other Reformation was created on the denominations resulted in the basis of the Belarusian arrival of Protestant territory. Since that time Catholicism movements, among which Lutheran made a great contribution to the and Calvinist ideas became widespread culture of Belarus and its history. on the territory of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. Even earlier, at the end of Protestant religious organizations the 14th -15th centuries, Muslims and are represented by 1005 religious Jews settled in Belarus. A large number communities, 21 associations, of religious denominations appeared 22 missions and 5 religious during the 20th century. -
The Meaning of the Centers for Pluralism for Belarus 39
36 Stojan Obradoviæ and Eric Chenoweth 37 Looking at the nearly ten years of NIJ’s existence, STINA is proud of its The Meaning of the Centers for achievements. Its work was not spectacular – we did not aim for splashy sto- ries. But it was significant and important. NIJ was alone in covering some of Pluralism for Belarus the key transition stories of this period, whether it was the prevalence of cor- ruption, the political uses of ethnic conflict and nationalism, the misuses of by Vincuk Viaèorka and Siarhiej Mackieviè privatization, or the ignored stories of civil society. Most importantly, the NIJ covered the development of democracy – and lack thereof – in the postcom- Vincuk Viaèorka is chairman of Belarus’ leading opposition party, the Belarus munist region. We brought to light the parties, individuals, and processes that Popular Front (BPF), which was founded in 1988. He is also the founder and for- many media ignored, but which proved to be among the most important mer chairman of the Belarus Center for Pluralism, the Civil Society Center- actors in the decade’s key democratic events. Supolnasc, a Center for Pluralism begun in 1996. Siarhiej Mackieviè is Supolnasc’s Today, due to sudden financial difficulties, the NIJ has had to suspend current chairman. He was chief of the National Headquarters of the non-partisan service temporarily. Nevertheless, it is planning further development and electoral mobilization campaign “Vybirai” (Choose) in 2001 and is vice chairman growth in the future. The goal of the Network of Independent Journalists is of the Assembly of Pro-Democratic NGOs. -
(CFSP) 2021/353 of 25 February 2021 Amending Decision 2012/642/CFSP Concerning Restrictive Measures Against Belarus
26.2.2021 EN Offi cial Jour nal of the European Union L 68/189 COUNCIL DECISION (CFSP) 2021/353 of 25 February 2021 amending Decision 2012/642/CFSP concerning restrictive measures against Belarus THE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN UNION, Having regard to the Treaty on European Union, and in particular Article 29 thereof, Having regard to the proposal from the High Representative of the Union for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy, Whereas: (1) On 15 October 2012, the Council adopted Decision 2012/642/CFSP (1) concerning restrictive measures against Belarus. (2) On the basis of a review of Decision 2012/642/CFSP, the restrictive measures should be extended until 28 February 2022. (3) The title of Decision 2012/642/CFSP, and the statements of reasons for nine natural and three legal persons included in the list of natural and legal persons, entities and bodies subject to restrictive measures set out in the Annex to that Decision, should be amended. The date of listing for all natural persons included in that Annex should be added. (4) Decision 2012/642/CFSP should therefore be amended accordingly, HAS ADOPTED THIS DECISION: Article 1 Decision 2012/642/CFSP is amended as follows: (1) the title is replaced by the following: ‘Council Decision 2012/642/CFSP of 15 October 2012 concerning restrictive measures in view of the situation in Belarus’; (2) Article 8 is replaced by the following: ‘Article 8 1. This Decision shall apply until 28 February 2022. 2. This Decision shall be kept under constant review and shall be renewed or amended, as appropriate, if the Council deems that its objectives have not been met.’; (3) the Annex is replaced by the Annex to this Decision. -
Minsk Region Preliminary Approximate No Land Plot Location Possible Ways of Use Infrastructure Cadastral Value, Area, Ha Thsd
Minsk Region Preliminary Approximate No Land plot location Possible ways of use Infrastructure cadastral value, area, ha thsd. USD Berezino district 1 Berezino town, 0,9 construction of a Motor road М-4 Minsk-Mogilev 53,46 Promyshlennyj lane manufacturing facility (650 m). Motor road R-67 – 290 m. Electricity supply – over 1000 V. Heating, drinking water, wells, gas supply – 100 m. 2 Berezino district, 1,18 construction of a roadside 2,597 motor road M-4 Minsk- service facility Mogilyov (km 99 left) Borsov district 3 Hugly village 1.8 construction of infrastructure – 200 m 24.3 manufacturing facilities 4 Borisov town, 0.5 hotel facilities infrastructure available 215.3 Gagrin str. (in the complex with an underconstruction football statium) 5 near agro-town 12 construction of a possibility of connection to 39,6 Velyatichi сommercial dairy farm medium pressure gasmain and (1050 heads of milking power transmission line fo 10 kV herd) Vilejka district 6 Vilejka town, "Severnyj 1 allocation of auto service electricity supply – 250 m, water 68.5 2" building estate entities - garage supply – 500 m, gas supply – 1000 m, draining – 400 m, no driveways 7 Vilejka town, "Severnyj 6.8 allocation of a logistic railway, gas supply – 1000 m, 669.12 2" building estate center water supply – 450 m, electricity supply – 700 m 8 Vilejka town, "Severnyj 0.5 allocation of auto service gas supply – 900 m, water supply 34.25 2" building estate entities - garage – 400 m, electricity supply – 450 m, draining – 200 m, driveways – 400 m Volozhin district 9 Volozhin town, 0.35 construction of an electricity supply – 300 m 30.35 Y.Kolasa str.