DOCSLIB.ORG

Ships Heat Generation Plant Heat Generation Plant Heat

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Ships Heat Generation Plant Heat Generation Plant Heat SHIPS HEAT GENERATION PLANT Boilers Water Treatment 2014.07.14 Pag |1 - 94 REPORT: ALVARO SARDINHA BOILERS WATER TREATMENT MARINE ENGINEER DATE: 2014.07.14 [email protected] INDEX 1. Introduction 2. BoilerBoilerssss water treatment ––– three factors 3. Boilers water fundamental knowledge 444.4. Ships heat generation plant 555.5. BoilerBoilerss water treatment 666.6. Main problems in boilers caused by water 777.7. Unex boilerboilerssss water recommendations 888.8. Lessons learned 999.9. Water chemistry terms Pag |2 - 94 REPORT: ALVARO SARDINHA BOILERS WATER TREATMENT MARINE ENGINEER DATE: 2014.07.14 [email protected] 1. INTRODUCTION If boilers water doesn’t receive proper treatment, the boiler will suffer from carryover, sludging, scale and corrosion, leading to weak and dangerous machinery. Long before the boiler fails, water-related problems will cause: ● Growing safety hazard ● Increased maintenance cost ● Additional fuel required - higher energy costs ● Lower boiler efficiency Correct boiler water treatment and follow-up of the water and steam condition, are of utmost importance for keeping the heat generation systems in good condition. By implementing a rigorous program of boiler water treatment, a vessel can greatly extend equipment life, reduce maintenance and enable thermal efficiency to be maintained at the designed level. The present report characterizes a ship heat generation system, its water treatment procedures and maintenance required. The main objective is to document the system and to establish optimal and standard operation processes. It is also an important piece of digital information, part of the ship information system, shareable and available for present and future crews, and a helpful tool to support company management. Pag |3 - 94 REPORT: ALVARO SARDINHA BOILERS WATER TREATMENT MARINE ENGINEER DATE: 2014.07.14 [email protected] 2. BOILERBOILERSSSS WATER TREATMENT --- THREE FACTORS 1. CHEMICAL TREATMENT Water normally contains various levels of contaminants, dissolved solids (minerals) and dissolved gases. These contaminants cause major operational problems and damage to boilers unless they are removed or controlled on a continuing basis. Correct application of chemical treatment programs can eliminate many problems associated with boiler operations. But other problems can and do impact operations. They are into two major areas: Management concerns - Addresses the administration of boiler water operations. Operator performance - Addresses the hands-on operation of boilers. 2. MANAGEMENT CONCERNS Every installation has its own mode of operation and style of management. Boiler water treatment is one small area of operations but is so critical that complete base operations may cease if boilers are not operated properly. Observations indicate that major difficulties found in boiler water treatment systems can be traced to management actions. 3. OPERATORS PERFORMANCE The successful operation of boilers requires accurate analysis of the water that is used, proper treatment to remove corrosive minerals and gases, and careful attention to the controls and procedures for the taking of water samples, their testing, and all required inspections. The key players are the boiler operators and, of course, assigned supervisors. A basic knowledge of boiler mechanics and water chemistry is an absolute requirement, whether through formal training or on the job training. Pag |4 - 94 REPORT: ALVARO SARDINHA BOILERS WATER TREATMENT MARINE ENGINEER DATE: 2014.07.14 [email protected] 3. BOILERBOILERSSSS WATER FUNDAMENTAL KNOWLEDGE A boiler is a device for generating steam, which consists of two principal parts: the furnace, which provides heat, usually by burning a fuel, and the boiler proper, a device in which the heat changes water into steam. The steam is then recirculated out of the boiler for use in various processes in heating applications. There are basically two types of boilers: A. WATER TUBE (20% of boilers in use) Water is fed through a bundle of tubes inside the boiler, and heat is applied to the outside of the tubes to heat the water. B. FIRE TUBE (80% of boilers in use) Heat travels through a bundle of tubes inside the boiler to heat the water surrounding the tubes. The bundle of tubes which carries water in the Water Tube Boiler and heat in the Fire Tube Boiler is called the Heat Transfer Surface. Both the Water Tube and the Fire Tube Boiler have the following components: HEAT SOURCE - A gas, oil, or coal burner heats the water in the oiler. HOTWELL - Tank that receives make-up water from ship water tanks and steam condensate from the condenser, feeding the boiler with water. The hotwell is heated to drive off dissolved oxygen and carbon dioxide gases before the water enters the boiler. Since these gases dissolve more readily in cold water, heating helps to eliminate them. Dissolved gases cause corrosion in the boiler. Scale and corrosion prevention chemicals are added at the hotwell to condition the water before it enters the boiler. CONDENSER – Equipment where steam return from consumers and is condensed by lowering its temperature, through sea water circulation and heat transfer. FEED WATER - The water entering the boiler from the hotwell. Feedwater = Make-up Water + Condensate Return Pag |5 - 94 REPORT: ALVARO SARDINHA BOILERS WATER TREATMENT MARINE ENGINEER DATE: 2014.07.14 [email protected] MAKE-UP WATER - The fresh water entering the hotwell from ship water tanks, to compensate steam losses and blow-down. It could be raw water received from shore or distilled water produced on ship. Make-up Water = Blow-Down + Condensate Loss FEED WATER PUMP - When heated water from the boiler is given off as steam, and the pump feeds water into the boiler from the hotwell. The feed water pump must generate sufficient pressure to overcome the pressure in the boiler. BLOW-DOWN VALVE - This valve allows some of the water carrying accumulated solids ("sludge") in the boiler to drain off. The act of removing water and sludge from the boiler is called "blow-down." WATER LEVEL CONTROL - The Water Level Control maintains the proper water level inside the boiler. This water level can be visually checked at the sight glass. The boiler tubes will become overheated if the water level is too low to keep the heat transfer surface covered. Low water level will cause excessive stress to the boiler. High water level will allow water to get into the steam lines, reducing the efficiency of the boiler system. SAFETY VALVES - These valves automatically releases any excess pressure that builds up in the boiler. Every boiler has several safety mechanisms that will shut it off in the event of malfunction. The boiler receives the feed water, which consists of varying proportion of recovered condensed water (return water) and fresh water, which has been purified in varying degrees (make-up water). The make-up water is usually distilled water or natural water, either in its raw state, or treated by some process before use. Feedwater composition therefore depends on the quality of the make-up water and the amount of condensate returned to the boiler. The steam, which escapes from the boiler, frequently contains liquid droplets and gases. The water remaining in liquid form at the bottom of the boiler picks up all the foreign matter from the water that was converted to steam. The impurities must be blown down by the discharge of some of the water from the boiler to the drains. The permissible percentage of blow-down is strictly limited by running costs and initial outlay. The tendency is to reduce this percentage to a very small figure. Pag |6 - 94 REPORT: ALVARO SARDINHA BOILERS WATER TREATMENT MARINE ENGINEER DATE: 2014.07.14 [email protected] Proper treatment of boiler feed water is an important part of operating and maintaining a boiler system. As steam is produced, dissolved solids become concentrated and form deposits inside the boiler. This leads to poor heat transfer and reduces the efficiency of the boiler. Dissolved gasses such as oxygen and carbon dioxide will react with the metals in the boiler system and lead to boiler corrosion. In order to protect the boiler from these contaminants, they should be controlled or removed, trough external or internal treatment. Natural water can damage a boiler by producing: 1) Scale and 2) Corrosion Water always contains some impurities in the form of dissolved solids and gases. The solids are calcium, magnesium, and other salts that form scale; the dissolved oxygen and carbon dioxide gases cause corrosion of metal. DISTILLED WATER SHOULD BE USED AT ALL TIMES. SCALE As water flows over rock formations and through the earth, it picks up and dissolves calcium and other metallic salts. When water enters a boiler, where it is heated to produce steam, these dissolved solids precipitate out of solution. The precipitates are left behind in the boiler water - they do not travel with the steam. If they are allowed to accumulate, they will settle out as scale on the boiler metal. This is what happens when water in a pan on the stove is allowed to boil dry, or when water in a glass is allowed to evaporate completely. A residue of salts will be left, which is scale. When chemical treatment is not used, scale forms in a boiler. If scale is allowed to build up, it reduces the heating efficiency of the boiler. A heavily scaled boiler heats water to steam at a slower rate, because the scale acts as an insulator. This increases operating costs. Pag |7 - 94 REPORT: ALVARO SARDINHA BOILERS WATER TREATMENT MARINE ENGINEER DATE: 2014.07.14 [email protected] The amount of scale depends on the amount of dissolved solids in the water. If water is added, the scale residue will not go back into solution. The U.S. Bureau of Mines has determined that a thickness of only 2,82 mm scale in a boiler increases fuel costs in 16%.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Circulatic Steam Generator Installation Manual
    STEAM GENERATORS CIRCULATIC® STEAM GENERATORS INSTALLATION MANUAL VAPOR POWER INTERNATIONAL 551 S. County Line Rd. Franklin Park, IL 60131 P: 630.694.5500 F: 630.694.2230 VaporPower.com Revised July 2005 Bulletin No. Printed in U.S.A. TWM5-AM-2 CIRCULATIC TABLE OF CONTENTS Section Page No. List of Figures ..................................................................................................................2 List of Tables ...................................................................................................................2 1.0 Introduction .....................................................................................................................3 2.0 Lifting and Handling .........................................................................................................4 3.0 Installation .......................................................................................................................8 4.0 Mounting .........................................................................................................................9 5.0 Clearances .................................................................................................................... 10 6.0 Combustion and Ventilation Air Requirements ............................................................... 12 7.0 Stack Installation ........................................................................................................... 13 8.0 Steam Output ...............................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Hurst Boiler & Welding Company, Inc
    Hurst Boiler & Welding Company, Inc. P.O. Drawer 530 - Highway 319 North Coolidge, Georgia 31738 877-99HURST – Toll Free 229-346-3545 – Local 229-346-3874 – Fax www.hurstboiler.com SERIES 45 STEAM BOILER (8.5- 813 HP, STEAM 15 psig) SAMPLE SPECIFICATIONS The following sample specifications are provided by Hurst Boiler & Welding Co., Inc. to assist you in meeting your customer's specific needs and application. The sample specifications are typically utilized as the base template for the complete boiler specification. Contact your local Hurst Boiler & Welding Co., Inc. authorized representative for information on special insurance requirements, special code requirements, optional equipment, or general assistance in completing the specification. 1.0 – General Boiler Specifications 1.1 - The Steam Boiler shall be Hurst Boiler & Welding Co., Inc. Series 45, hp designed for 15 psig. The maximum operating pressure shall be psig and the minimum operating pressure shall be psig. 1.2 - The boiler shall have a maximum output of Btu/hr, or horsepower when fired with oil and/or natural gas, Btu/cu-ft. Electrical power available shall be Volt Phase Cycle. 2.0 – Boiler Design 2.1 - The boiler shall be a three-pass wetback horizontal firebox type boiler with four (4) square feet of fireside heating surface per rated boiler horsepower. Furnace volume shall not be less than cubic feet. It shall be mounted on a heavy steel frame with integral forced draft burner and burner controls. The complete packaged boiler approved as a unit by Underwriters Laboratories and shall bear the UL label. 2.2 - The boiler shall be completely preassembled and tested at the factory.
    [Show full text]
  • Conventional Steam
    DECEMBER 2019 Application Solutions Guide CONVENTIONAL STEAM Experience In Motion 1 Application Solutions Guide — The Global Combined Cycle Landscape TABLE OF CONTENTS THE GLOBAL CONVENTIONAL STEAM POWER FLOWSERVE PRODUCTS IN CONVENTIONAL PLANT LANDSCAPE . 3 STEAM POWER . 16 A Closer Look at Conventional Steam Conventional Steam Applications Power Technology . 5 Overview . 16 Basics . 5 Pumps for Conventional Steam Plants . 18 Plant Configurations and Sizes . 7 Valves for Conventional Steam Plants . 24 Flue Gas Desulfurization (FGD) . 8 Actuators for Conventional Steam Plants . 30 Conventional Steam Project Models . 11 Seals for Conventional Power Plants . 31 Seals for Wet Limestone Flue Gas THE CONVENTIONAL STEAM POWER- Desulfurization . 33 FLOWSERVE INTERFACE . 13 Business Impact and Focus Areas . 13 COMMUNICATING OUR VALUE . 34 The Big Picture . 13 Innovative Ways Flowserve Addresses The Flowserve Fit in Conventional Customer Challenges . 34 Steam Power . 13 APPENDIX . 35 PRODUCTS FOR STEAM POWER — Flowserve Value Proposition in Conventional Steam . 35 AT A GLANCE . 14 Sub-critical Versus Supercritical Pumps . 14 Power Plant . 36 Valves . 14 Reheat . 37 Seals . 14 Terminology . 38 Estimated Values by Plant Size . 15 Acronyms . 39 2 Application Solutions Guide — Conventional Steam THE GLOBAL CONVENTIONAL STEAM POWER PLANT LANDSCAPE Thermal power generation involves the conversion Combined cycle plants have become the preferred of heat energy into electric power. Fossil fuel power technology for gas-fired power generation for several plants as well as nuclear, biomass, geothermal reasons. The USC plant takes 40 to 50 months to and concentrated solar power (CSP) plants are all build; a combined cycle plant can be built in 20 to examples of thermal power generation.
    [Show full text]
  • Generation Unit Basics Power System Elements
    Power System Elements Generation Unit Basics PJM State & Member Training Dept. PJM©2018 10/2/2018 Objectives • Provide an overview of: ‒ Major components of a Generator ‒ Excitation ‒ Governor Control ‒ Rotational Speed ‒ Generator limitations ‒ VAR/voltage relationship ‒ MW’s and Power Angle PJM©2018 2 10/2/2018 Basic Operating Principles • Electromagnetic induction is the principle used for a generator to convert mechanical energy to electrical energy • D.C. excitation is applied to the rotor field winding producing a magnetic field ‒ Output voltage and VAR flow are controlled by changing the strength of the magnetic field • The field winding (rotor) spins, at synchronous speed, within the armature windings (stator) providing relative motion between the magnetic field and the stationary conductor windings (stator) ‒ A.C. output voltage is induced in the stator armature windings • The changing polarity of the rotor produces the alternating characteristics of the current PJM©2018 3 10/2/2018 PJM©2018 4 10/2/2018 A.C. Generator Components • Rotating Magnetic Field (Rotor) • Series of Stationary Conductors (Stator) • Source of D.C. Voltage (Exciter) PJM©2018 5 10/2/2018 Rotor • The generated voltage is proportional to the: ‒ Strength of the magnetic field ‒ Number of coils and number of windings on each coil ‒ Speed at which the rotor turns • Rotor winding is a multi-coil, single circuit, energized with DC power fed through the shaft from the collector rings ‒ The rotor is a low voltage, low power circuit; a major factor in building a generator
    [Show full text]
  • PREFERRED INSTRUMENTS a Division of Preferred Utilities Manufacturing Corporation SYSTEM OVERVIEW
    • Control VFDs to Save Electricity • Communicate Important Plant Information • Improve Water Quality and Extend Boiler Life PREFERRED INSTRUMENTS A Division of Preferred Utilities Manufacturing Corporation SYSTEM OVERVIEW The Preferred Feedwater Center Control System Boiler feedwater control systems are often the most archaic controls in the steam plant. Poor boiler waterside control contributes to scaling, corrosion, and eventually hot spots and tube failures. The Preferred Feedwater Center is designed to improve the control of boiler feedwater by modulating up to four feedwater pumps and three transfer pumps. Deaerator temperature, level, and chemical pumps are controlled to improve boiler feedwater quality. Local feedwater monitoring is available by LCD keypad, or optional 10” color touch screen. Remote monitoring is available by RS232 Modbus, or Modbus over Ethernet if the touch screen is purchased. “Combustion Technology Since 1920” Preferred Instruments has been in business continuously since 1920. Located in Danbury Connecticut, our products are proudly made and supported in the United States of America. Our staff of service engineers, field service technicians, and service trained sales engineers are dedicated to making all of your projects a major success. FEEDWATER CENTER BENEFITS ENSURE CONSISTENT FEEDWATER TEMPERATURE AND PRESSURE MAINTAIN PROPER OXYGEN REMOVAL AT ALL FIRING RATES INTEGRATED MODEM FOR OFF-SITE MONITORING FIELD ADJUSTABLE PARAMETERS PLUG-IN OPTION BOARDS AVAILABLE FOR INSTANT FIELD UPGRADES Deaerator Control • Ensures a steady flow of properly treated boiler feedwater by precisely controlling deaerator temperature, pressure, and level. • Secure a continuous supply of make up water to the deaerator by controlling surge tank level. • Deaerator control allows the user to minimize deaerator venting and boiler blowdown and improve plant efficiency.
    [Show full text]
  • Watts Bar Nuclear Plant, Unit 2
    WATTS BAR TABLE OF CONTENTS Section Title Page 10.0 MAIN STEAM AND POWER CONVERSION SYSTEMS 10.1 SUMMARY DESCRIPTION 10.1-1 10.2 TURBINE-GENERATOR 10.2-1 10.2.1 DESIGN BASES 10.2-1 10.2.2 DESCRIPTION 10.2-1 10.2.3 TURBINE ROTOR AND DISC INTEGRITY 10.2-5 10.2.3.1 MATERIALS SELECTION 10.2-5 10.2.3.2 FRACTURE TOUGHNESS 10.2-8 10.2.3.3 HIGH TEMPERATURE PROPERTIES 10.2-9 10.2.3.4 TURBINE DISC DESIGN 10.2-10 10.2.3.5 PRESERVICE INSPECTION 10.2-10 10.2.3.6 INSERVICE INSPECTION 10.2-11 10.2.4 EVALUATION 10.2-13 10.3 MAIN STEAM SUPPLY SYSTEM 10.3-1 10.3.1 DESIGN BASES 10.3-1 10.3.2 SYSTEM DESCRIPTION 10.3-1 10.3.2.1 SYSTEM DESIGN 10.3-1 10.3.2.2 MATERIAL COMPATIBILITY, CODES, AND STANDARDS 10.3-2 10.3.3 DESIGN EVALUATION 10.3-2 10.3.4 INSPECTION AND TESTING REQUIREMENTS 10.3-3 10.3.5 WATER CHEMISTRY 10.3-4 10.3.5.1 PURPOSE 10.3-4 10.3.5.2 FEEDWATER CHEMISTRY SPECIFICATIONS 10.3-4 10.3.5.3 OPERATING MODES 10.3-4 10.3.5.4 EFFECT OF WATER CHEMISTRY ON THE RADIOACTIVE IODINE PARTITION COEFFICIENT 10.3-5 10.3.6 STEAM AND FEEDWATER SYSTEM MATERIALS 10.3-6 10.3.6.1 FRACTURE TOUGHNESS 10.3-6 10.3.6.2 MATERIALS SELECTION AND FABRICATION 10.3-6 10.4 OTHER FEATURES OF STEAM AND POWER CONVERSION SYSTEM 10.4-1 10.4.1 MAIN CONDENSER 10.4-1 10.4.1.1 DESIGN BASES 10.4-1 10.4.1.2 SYSTEM DESCRIPTION 10.4-1 10.4.1.3 SAFETY EVALUATION 10.4-4 10.4.1.4 INSPECTION AND TESTING 10.4-5 10.4.1.5 INSTRUMENTATION 10.4-5 10.4.2 MAIN CONDENSER EVACUATION SYSTEM 10.4-5 10.4.2.1 DESIGN BASES 10.4-5 10.4.2.2 SYSTEM DESCRIPTION 10.4-5 10.4.2.3 SAFETY EVALUATION 10.4-6 Table of
    [Show full text]
  • Power System Fundamentals
    Power System Fundamentals Generation Unit Basics PJM State & Member Training Dept. PJM©2015 02/02/2015 Objectives •Given a generating unit, describe the basic steps involved in the energy conversion process •Describe the overall design and function of plant systems that are common to most facilities • Steam/condensate/feedwater systems • Turbine support systems • Start‐up Systems PJM©2015 02/02/2015 Objectives • Circulating water/Cooling water Systems • Sealing systems • Air Systems •Given a generating unit, list some possible Environmental limitations that may restrict unit output •Given a generating unit, list some possible Operational limitations that may restrict unit output PJM©2015 02/02/2015 Objectives •Describe the major design elements of a Fossil Unit •Describe the major design elements of a Nuclear Unit •Describe the major design elements of a Hydroelectric Unit •Describe the major design elements of a Combustion Turbine Unit PJM©2015 02/02/2015 Objectives •Describe the major design elements of a Combined Cycle Unit •Describe the major design elements of a Wind Unit •Describe the major design elements of a Solar Unit PJM©2015 02/02/2015 Agenda •Elements of the Energy Conversion Process •Provide an overview of: • Steam/Condensate/Feedwater and other Common Systems • Describe the various types of units: • Fossil generating units • Nuclear generating units • Hydroelectric generating units • Combustion turbines • Combined Cycle Power Plants (CCPP) • Wind Units • Solar Units PJM©2015 02/02/2015 Generation Unit Basics Basic Energy
    [Show full text]
  • UFGS 23 52 33.03 20 Water-Tube Boilers, Oil/Gas Or
    ************************************************************************** USACE / NAVFAC / AFCEC / NASA UFGS-23 52 33.03 20 (November 2008) Change 3 - 08/18 ------------------------------------ Preparing Activity: NAVFAC Superseding UFGS-23 52 33.03 20 (July 2007) UNIFIED FACILITIES GUIDE SPECIFICATIONS References are in agreement with UMRL dated July 2021 ************************************************************************** SECTION TABLE OF CONTENTS DIVISION 23 - HEATING, VENTILATING, AND AIR CONDITIONING (HVAC) SECTION 23 52 33.03 20 WATER-TUBE BOILERS, OIL/GAS OR OIL 11/08, CHG 3: 08/18 PART 1 GENERAL 1.1 REFERENCES 1.2 RELATED REQUIREMENTS 1.3 SYSTEM DESCRIPTION 1.3.1 Design Requirements 1.3.1.1 Boiler Design and Service Conditions 1.3.1.2 Economizer 1.3.1.3 Fans 1.3.1.4 Expansion Joints and Stacks 1.3.1.5 Vertical Fuel Oil Storage Tanks 1.3.1.6 Fuel Oil Pump and Heater Set 1.3.1.7 Deaerating Heater 1.3.2 Detail Drawings 1.3.2.1 Boiler 1.3.2.2 Boiler Room Auxiliary Equipment 1.3.2.3 Burners 1.3.2.4 Dampers, Stacks, and Breechings 1.3.2.5 Fuel Oil Equipment 1.3.2.6 Piping and Specialty Items 1.3.2.7 Ball Joint Installation Details 1.3.2.8 Reproducible Drawings 1.3.3 Design Data 1.3.3.1 Engineering Calculations 1.3.4 Test Reports 1.3.5 Performance Requirements 1.3.5.1 Boiler 1.3.5.2 Economizer 1.3.5.3 Oil Burner/Windbox Package 1.3.5.4 Oil and Gas Burner/Windbox Package 1.4 SUBMITTALS 1.5 QUALITY ASSURANCE 1.5.1 Experience 1.5.1.1 Experience Requirements SECTION 23 52 33.03 20 Page 1 1.5.2 Responsibility of the Boiler Manufacturer
    [Show full text]
  • Steam Turbine Performance Improvements Through R&M
    Steam Turbine Performance Improvements Through R&M EEC WORKSHOP 16.09.2013-17.09.2013 PERFORMANCE ENHANCEMENT THROUGH TECHNOLOGY UPGRADATION On average Coal fired units have a life term of 25-30 years. Units which are older than 30 years are in the capacity range of 60 -110 MW and mostly are being phased out. A good number of 200 MW units would have completed 30 years & operate at efficiency levels less than 30%. Performance of these units can be improved by retrofitting improved technologies. General Comments Utilities must upgrade old plants to improve efficiencies to reduce (O&M) costs. Overall efficiency of a Thermal power plant strongly depends on the turbine’s performance. For some aging steam-turbine power plants, it may be more cost-effective to upgrade existing steam turbines rather than replace them. Turbine Cycle Improvements. Turbine Performance degrades with time. Machines with a higher VWO Capability are operated at nominal loads under degraded conditions. Deterioration in efficiency would be known only from specific assessment tests. Many a Capital Overhauls scheduled for Turbine refurbishment go unused due to non availability of spares for recovery of Heat rate loss. Scope of Improvements in Boiler Island Coal transport, conveying and grinding Boiler operation. Overhaul with new heat transfer surface Neural network (NN) control system Intelligent soot blower (ISB) system Air heaters Variable-frequency drive (VFD) motors on all major rotating equipment (usually improves efficiencies at lower than full load). Scope of Improvements Turbine Island Turbine Feed water heater Condenser Turbine drive/motor-driven feed pump. Water treatment system Boiler water treatment Cooling tower Boiler Furnace Modifications The furnace of a power plant boiler is the most significant component of a power plant affecting the thermal performance, apart from the steam turbine generator.
    [Show full text]
  • Feedwater Pump Maintenance Guide
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
    [Show full text]
  • Influence of Feed Water Heaters on the Performance of Coal Fired Power Plants
    Volume V, Issue III, March 2016 IJLTEMAS ISSN 2278 – 2540 Influence of Feed Water Heaters on the Performance of Coal Fired Power Plants E. Devandiran1, V. S. Shaisundaram2, P.Sabari Ganesh3, S.Vivek4 1,2 Assistant Professor , Department of Mechanical Engineering, Easwari Engineering College, Chennai – 89,Tamil Nadu, India. 3,4U.G student, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Easwari Engineering College, Chennai – 89,Tamil Nadu, India. Abstract: This paper shows the effects of the feed water heaters The heat recovery system has become an effective method to on the performance of coal fired power plants. By adding the increase the thermal efficiency in modern thermal power plant feed water heaters in power plant cycle, the overall efficiency of [1]. The Feedwater heaters increase the Rankine cycle the power plant is increased by 2.4 %. Improving the power efficiency by raising the temperature of feed water that is plant efficiency could alleviate the negative effect of coal piped into the steam generator, in such a way that the consumption on CO2 emission. By means of thermodynamic optimization it is propose to include the feed water heaters in necessary thermal energy transferred to the steam to increase power plant cycle, achieving optimum power plant efficiency. the enthalpy of the system will be lower. Simulations have been carried out using HMBD software. Results show a feasible improvement of the overall power plant In closed feedwater heater, the heat is transferred from the efficiency. This implies a direct reduction of CO2 emission of extracted steam of steam turbine to the feedwater heater about 1.3 %.
    [Show full text]
  • Integrated Inspection Report 05000247/2016001 and 05000286/2016001
    UNITED STATES NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION REGION I 2100 RENAISSANCE BLVD., SUITE 100 KING OF PRUSSIA, PA 19406-2713 May 12, 2016 Mr. Larry Coyle Site Vice President Entergy Nuclear Operations, Inc. Indian Point Energy Center 450 Broadway, GSB Buchanan, NY 10511-0249 SUBJECT: INDIAN POINT NUCLEAR GENERATING – INTEGRATED INSPECTION REPORT 05000247/2016001 AND 05000286/2016001 Dear Mr. Coyle: On March 31, 2016, the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) completed an inspection at your Indian Point Nuclear Generating (Indian Point), Units 2 and 3. The enclosed inspection report documents the inspection results, which were discussed on April 29, 2016, with you and other members of your staff. The inspection examined activities conducted under your license as they relate to safety and compliance with the Commission’s rules and regulations and with the conditions of your license. The inspectors reviewed selected procedures and records, observed activities, and interviewed personnel. This report documents one self-revealing finding and two NRC-identified findings of very low safety significance (Green). These findings involved violations of NRC requirements. However, because of the very low safety significance and because they are entered into your corrective action program, the NRC is treating these findings as non-cited violations, consistent with Section 2.3.2.a of the NRC Enforcement Policy. If you contest any non-cited violation in this report, you should provide a response within 30 days of the date of this inspection report, with the basis for your denial, to the Nuclear Regulatory Commission, ATTN: Document Control Desk, Washington, DC 20555-0001; with copies to the Regional Administrator, Region I; the Director, Office of Enforcement, U.S.
    [Show full text]