July 24, 2019 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H7353 here on her own to take meetings at bers have 5 legislative days to revise the Civil War. I want to thank Ms. Car- the White House and who now has a and extend their remarks and include rier as an educator, historian, and au- White House special assistant on speed extraneous materials on the measure thor with expertise in African Amer- dial; Congressman KILILI SABLAN for under consideration. ican music, Texas history, and heritage his assistance in moving this bill The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there tourism. through the process; my predecessors objection to the request of the gen- I also thank Ms. Eileen Lawal for her for laying much groundwork over tleman from Guam? April 2019 oral testimony before the many years that brings us to this in- There was no objection. Natural Resources Committee in an flection point; my leadership counter- Mr. SAN NICOLAS. Mr. Speaker, I amazing, passionate expression of how parts in Guam; the speaker of the Leg- yield myself such time as I may con- vital this trail will be. Ms. Lawal is the islature of Guam and the Republican sume. president Houston Freedmen’s Town Party of Guam, who recognized and en- Mr. Speaker, H.R. 434, introduced by Conservancy, whose mission is to pro- dorsed this very important bipartisan Representative JACKSON LEE of Texas, tect and preserve the history of Freed- measure. celebrates the freedom of the last men’s Town. Lastly, I want to thank the senior American slaves by authorizing the I also thank the Mayor of the city of citizens of Guam, our war survivors study of an approximately 51-mile Houston, Sylvester Turner; Commis- whose sacrifices, patience, and for- route for inclusion as a national his- sioner Rodney Ellis; the mayor of the titude have given us the strength and toric trail in the National Trails Sys- city of Galveston; my colleague, my inspiration to bring this to closure on tem. The study will examine the suit- original cosponsor, Congressman their behalf. ability of designating the Emanci- WEBER, who represents the Galveston I urge my colleagues to support the pation National Historic Trail from area. legislation, and I yield back the bal- Galveston to Freedmen’s Town in The work of H.R. 434 will result in ance of my time. Houston. only the second trail in the United States that chronicles the experience The SPEAKER pro tempore. The Nearly 21⁄2 years after President Lin- question is on the motion offered by coln’s Emancipation Proclamation, of African Americans. the gentleman from Guam (Mr. SAN United States General Gordon Granger I am hoping that this will move swiftly through the United States NICOLAS) that the House suspend the rode into Galveston, Texas, to an- rules and pass the bill, H.R. 1365, as nounce the freedom of the last Amer- House, then to the United States Sen- ate, and then is signed by the President amended. ican slaves. The question was taken; and (two- Upon gaining their freedom, many of of the United States. Currently, the National Park Service thirds being in the affirmative) the the 250,000 newly freed slaves traversed only has one national historic trail rules were suspended and the bill, as the route from Galveston to Freed- which centers on the African American amended, was passed. men’s Town in Houston, spreading the experience. It is a Selma to Mont- A motion to reconsider was laid on news to neighboring communities. This the table. gomery National Historic Trail which bill is a fitting tribute that honors the covers a 54-mile path between Selma f historic journey and lasting legacy of and Montgomery. EMANCIPATION NATIONAL the last American slaves. But as slaves lived in this land from HISTORIC TRAIL STUDY ACT I want to thank the gentlewoman 1619 to 1865 as slaves, a 250-year his- from Texas (Ms. JACKSON LEE) for Mr. SAN NICOLAS. Mr. Speaker, I tory, to think only one trail would championing this important legislation commemorate that historic moment— move to suspend the rules and pass the and for her hard work moving this bill bill (H.R. 434) to designate the Emanci- although a moment in history that all through the legislative process. of us are saddened by—it is important pation National Historic Trail, and for I strongly support passing this bill. other purposes, as amended. to capture the bravery, the courage, I yield such time as she may consume the strength of those families who The Clerk read the title of the bill. to the gentlewoman from Texas (Ms. The text of the bill is as follows: managed to stay together. JACKSON LEE). H.R. 434 The establishment of the Emanci- Ms. JACKSON LEE. Mr. Speaker, I pation National Historic Trail will be Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Rep- thank the gentleman very much for resentatives of the United States of America in the second trail for which the National Congress assembled, yielding, and I thank him for his lead- Park Services would have responsi- SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. ership and the leadership of Chairman bility and, again, would tell the won- This Act may be cited as the ‘‘Emancipation GRIJALVA, for the full committee, and, derful story for future generations of National Historic Trail Study Act’’. certainly, the ranking member for his the rich history of this Nation and the SEC. 2. EMANCIPATION NATIONAL HISTORIC courtesies. role that African Americans played in TRAIL STUDY. I thank the manager tonight, a friend the economic, political, religious, cul- Section 5(c) of the National Trails System Act from Utah, for their kindness in yield- tural, and governmental efforts of this (16 U.S.C. 1244(c)) is amended by adding at the ing to me. This is an emotional mo- Nation. It ties into the work that we end the following: ment for me and, as well, for many in ‘‘(47) EMANCIPATION NATIONAL HISTORIC are continuing to do. TRAIL.—The Emancipation National Historic my constituency, and I am delighted to The Emancipation National Historic Trail, extending approximately 51 miles from the be able to rise to give strong support to Trail Study Act would pave the way to Osterman Building and Reedy Chapel in Gal- H.R. 434, the Emancipation National working to establish an important veston, Texas, along Texas State Highway 3 and Historic Trail Study Act. story. It will go 51 miles from the his- Interstate Highway 45 North, to Freedmen’s I thank all of the Members, as I have toric Osterman Building and Reedy Town, then to Independence Heights and Eman- indicated, and also thank Congress- Chapel in Galveston, Texas, along cipation Park in Houston, Texas, following the woman HAALAND, chair of the Natural migration route taken by newly freed slaves and Highway 3 and Interstate 45, all the other persons of African descent from the major Resources Committee’s Subcommittee way up to Freedmen’s Town and Eman- 19th century seaport town of Galveston to the on National Parks, Forests, and Public cipation Park and Independence burgeoning community of Freedmen’s Town, lo- Lands, for holding the hearing that al- Heights, which was the first city orga- cated in the 4th Ward of Houston, Texas.’’. lowed the committee to learn of the nized by African Americans here in the The SPEAKER pro tempore. Pursu- strong support enjoyed by H.R. 434 and Southwest region. ant to the rule, the gentleman from the hard work of dedicated historic H.R. 434 requires that we study the Guam (Mr. SAN NICOLAS) and the gen- preservationists to preserve the rich post-Civil War history of newly freed tleman from Utah (Mr. CURTIS) each history of former slaves. slaves in a major slave-holding State will control 20 minutes. I also thank Naomi Mitchell Carrier following the largest military cam- The Chair recognizes the gentleman of Houston, Texas, for her stalwart ef- paign waged on domestic soil in the from Guam. forts to share the stories of newly freed history of the United States. GENERAL LEAVE slaves who settled in Freedmen’s Town, It is important to take note of the Mr. SAN NICOLAS. Mr. Speaker, I a section of Houston, to begin their fact that those of us west of the Mis- ask unanimous consent that all Mem- lives as free persons during the end of sissippi did not know that Abraham

VerDate Sep 11 2014 07:16 Jul 25, 2019 Jkt 089060 PO 00000 Frm 00107 Fmt 7634 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\K24JY7.143 H24JYPT1 H7354 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE July 24, 2019 Lincoln had freed the slaves until 1865. years of planning and construction and cause The Gregory School currently holds Captain Granger came to the shores over 100 years of struggle, to see the and has held a very unique place in the his- and said to us in 1865, those of our an- history of former slaves as part of the tories of Texas, Houston, and Freedmen’s complex of the museums of the Smith- Town/Fourth Ward history for more than 152 cestors, that they had been freed. years. In a second inaugural address, Presi- sonian that began in 1915. In 2009, The Gregory School was estab- dent Abraham Lincoln declared that I am proud to say that one of my lished by the Houston Public Library as an slavery was America’s original sin: predecessors, the Honorable Mickey African American Research and Archival ‘‘Yet, if God wills that it continue Leland, was the first to seek to estab- Center in Houston’s Historic Fourth Ward or until all the wealth piled by the bonds- lish a museum dealing with slaves. Freedmen’s Town. Freedman’s Town was es- man’s 250 years of unrequited toil shall Then came JOHN LEWIS, who intro- tablished in 1865 as the destination of former duced his bill in 2003. I was delighted to enslaved people in Texas and Louisiana after be sunk, and until every drop of blood the Civil War. In 1866, the Freedmen’s Bu- drawn with the lash shall be paid by be able to be part of it. I am asking for strong support for reau opened schools for black children and another drawn with the sword, as was adults in the area. The Texas Legislature au- said 3,000 years ago, so still it must be H.R. 434. As I indicated, it brings back thorized the creation of public schools for said ‘the judgments of the Lord are great memories of understanding our the black community in 1870. By 1872 most of true and righteous altogether.’ ’’ discussion in school about slavery and the students and teachers who were at the We know that Abraham Lincoln its aftermath. There was no commemo- Bureau schools, which were closing, left wanted to maintain the unity of this ration to recognize that historic them to attend the state-managed Gregory Institute. The Gregory Institute was the Nation, but he wanted it to be without march, that historic migration when the slaves were freed in Galveston at first school for freed slaves in Houston. Mike slaves. The story of the trail will be Snyder of the Houston Chronicle said that it one that will be enlightening because that time and the settling that went on in the city of Houston. was ‘‘perhaps the first school for freed slaves the newly freed slaves established com- in the State of Texas.’’ By 1876 the Gregory munities. They established schools. b 2130 Institute became a part of the Houston Pub- They established churches, and they It is very important to have knowl- lic School System. The building that now houses the African American Library at the migrated into the Houston community, edge of our history. With this trail, not coming up from that Emancipation Na- Gregory School first opened in 1926, as a two- only will the information about this story public school building for ‘‘colored tional Historic Trail. historic trail be placed in the annals of children,’’ and was named Gregory Elemen- Today, the city of Houston is fortu- the history of the United States, but I tary School. In March 2019, The Gregory nate to call those communities Freed- will be very grateful that the children School was designated as a ‘‘site of Memory men’s Town and Emancipation Park. and their children’s children will really associated with the UNESCO Slave Route The first park that was bought in the understand the important collective Project’’ for being the first public school for State of Texas was bought by freed history of this great Nation. freed slaves in the state of Texas. slaves in Independence Heights. Freed- Again, I wish to thank all of those This bill will result in the Emancipation men’s Town survived while other com- National Historic Trail, which extends ap- who supported this. It is important to proximately 51 miles from the Osterman munities did not, and it continues to be able to thank Harris County Pre- Building and Reedy Chapel in Galveston, have some of the historic buildings. cinct 1 Commissioner Rodney Ellis, the Texas, along Texas State Highway 3 and By 1915, over 400 African American- African American Library at Gregory Interstate 45 North to Freedmen’s Town, owned businesses existed in Freedmen’s School, the Houston Freedmen’s Town then to Independence Heights, and Emanci- Town. By 1920, one-third of Houston’s Conservatory, the Freedmen’s Town pation Park in Houston, Texas. This trail 85,000 people lived in Freedmen’s Town. Advisory Committee, the Emanci- follows the migration route taken by newly Freedmen’s Town is recognized as a pation Park Conservancy, the Inde- freed slaves from the major 19th century sea- historic district. Emancipation Park pendence Heights Redevelopment port town of Galveston to the burgeoning was established in 1872 as Texas’ oldest community of Freedmen’s Town, which is Council, the Freedmen’s Town Preser- now the 4th Ward of Houston, home to the park, and it was bought, as I indicated, vation Coalition, the Kohrville Com- 18th Congressional District. by freed slaves for a mere $8. After the munity Amos Cemetery Association, The start of the trail is located where Gen- emancipation, Freedmen’s Town be- the Texas Center for African American eral Gordon Granger sailed into Galveston, came one of the only sanctuaries for Living History, the Rutherford B. Texas, with troops on June 19, 1865, to an- free persons in Houston. Hayes Yates Museum, the Heritage So- nounce the freedom of the last American The Freedmen’s Town community ciety of Sam Houston Park, the Hous- slaves. His announcement belatedly freed has fought to preserve its structures, ton Association of Black Psycholo- 250,000 slaves nearly two and a half years after Abraham Lincoln’s Emancipation Proc- and though we are suffering from gists, the Kinder Foundation, and Van- lamation. The newly freed slaves traveled gentrification and the movement of our derbilt University. from Galveston to spread the news to neigh- historic structures, we still have the Ramon Manning, who heads the boring communities. character of that community. Emancipation Park Conservancy, was Should this bill become law it would estab- I am delighted that the new neigh- an avid and strong supporter, also, as I lish the first trail in the Southwest United bors, the new residents of that area mentioned, Sylvester Turner, the States that recognizes the role of African will now be able to recognize how im- mayor of the city of Houston; Jac- Americans in the legacy of freedom in the portant Freedmen’s Town is, and we queline Bostic; the Fourth Ward Rede- United States. An Emancipation Historic velopment Authority; the head of the Trail designation would bring long overdue can work together to build the histor- historic recognition due to the role African ical story. Emancipation Park Conservancy; and Americans played in the building of the to- One such struggle was to preserve the the director of parks. As I said, the day’s Houston and the state of Texas. In ad- handmade red bricks, and this evi- mayor of the city of Galveston was also dition, the revenue generated by people who dences the restoring, the very impor- a supporter. come to visit the area and walk this trail tant ceremony to put the old bricks Mr. Speaker, I include letters in sup- will result in tourism dollars to the city of that were made by freed slaves, to put port of H.R. 434. Houston and the adjoining areas. them back into Freedmen’s Town. CITY OF HOUSTON Sincerely, RHEA BROWN LAWSON, Ph.D., There are many stories that have LIBRARY DEPARTMENT, Houston, TX, July 22, 2019. Director of the Houston Public Library. come with this recurrent retelling of Hon. SHEILA JACKSON LEE, this trail, and I believe it will be an im- House of Representatives, HARRIS COUNTY PRECINT ONE, portant trail and important story as Washington, DC. Houston, TX, July 22, 2019. well. DEAR CONGRESSWOMAN SHEILA JACKSON Hon. SHEILA JACKSON LEE, Let me also indicate that Independ- LEE: The Houston Public Library, on behalf U.S. House of Representatives, ence Heights, as I said, was the first of the African American Library at the Greg- Washington, DC. city, and we have already discussed the ory School (The Gregory School), endorses DEAR CONGRESSWOMAN SHEILA JACKSON H.R. 434, the Emancipation National Historic LEE: I would like to express my strong sup- importance of Emancipation Park. Trail Act, which had a hearing before the port for H.R. 434, ‘‘Emancipation National On September 24, 2016, the National Subcommittee on April 2, 2019. Historic Trail Act.’’ The trail will follow the Museum of African American History The Library has a vested interest in the migration route taken by newly freed slaves and Culture opened its doors, after 13 Emancipation National Historic Trail be- from Galveston to the vibrant settlement of

VerDate Sep 11 2014 07:16 Jul 25, 2019 Jkt 089060 PO 00000 Frm 00108 Fmt 7634 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\K24JY7.145 H24JYPT1 July 24, 2019 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H7355 Freedmen’s Town, which today is located from Galveston to spread the news to neigh- Americans in the legacy of freedom in the outside downtown Houston in the 18th Con- boring communities. United States. An Emancipation Historic gressional District. The trail would extend Should this bill become law it would estab- Trail designation would bring long overdue north 51 miles from Galveston’s historic lish the first trail in the Southwest United historic recognition due to the role African Osterman Building and Reedy Chapel AME States that recognizes the role of African Americans played in the building of the to- Church along Highway 3 and Interstate 45 to Americans in the legacy of freedom in the day’s Houston and the state of Texas. In ad- Freedmen’s Town and Emancipation Park in United States. An Emancipation Historic dition, the revenue generated by people who Houston. Trail designation would bring long overdue come to visit the area and walk this trail As the Harris County Precinct One Com- historic recognition due to the role African will result in tourism dollars to the city of missioner, I have the privilege of rep- Americans played in the building of the to- Houston and the adjoining areas. resenting the Freedman’s Town and Emanci- day’s Houston and the state of Texas. In ad- Sincerely, pation Park areas; I firmly believe the trail dition, the revenue generated by people who CATHYRINE STEWART, will further elevate the historical signifi- come to visit the area and walk this trail President Kohrville Community Association. cance of these vibrant communities and tell will result in tourism dollars to the city of an important part of our local and national Houston and the adjoining areas. FREEDMEN’S TOWN history. The Emancipation National Historic This August I will attend the meeting of PRESERVATION COALITION Trail would be the first trail in southwest the UNESCO International Scientific Com- Houston, TX, July 22, 2019. United States that recognizes the role of Af- mittee for the Slave Route Project in Hon. SHEILA JACKSON LEE, rican Americans in the legacy of freedom. Cotonou, Benin, where we will celebrate the House of Representatives, I applaud you for introducing the bill, 25th anniversary of the project and where I Washington, DC. which I wholeheartedly support, and urge will be proud to report on the successes in DEAR CONGRESSWOMAN SHEILA JACKSON your support of the creation of the Emanci- Texas. I hope that the passage of this bill LEE: This letter is written to advise you that pation National Historic Trail Act. It would will be an additional item to celebrate. the Freedmen’s Town Preservation Coalition bring national attention to a period of his- Sincerely, was established in June 2014 to preserve and tory when our nation took significant strides JANE LANDERS, protect historical sites and properties. We to make real the promise of our founding Gertrude Conaway therefore, enthusiastically endorse H.R. 434, documents that give all people the right to Vanderbilt Chair of the Emancipation National Historic Trail freedom—a worthy goal, indeed. History, Vanderbilt Act, which had a hearing before the Sub- Thank you for your time and consider- University, Director, committee on April 2, 2019. ation. Slave Societies Dig- FTPC is a grassroots citizens-based organi- Sincerely, ital Archive, Mem- zation that saw a problem with the destruc- RODNEY ELLIS, ber, UNESCO Inter- tion of historical cultural sites and prop- Commissioner. national Scientific erties in Freedmen’s Town, the first place for Committee for the settlement of formerly enslaved Africans. VANDERBILT UNIVERSITY, Slave Route Project. The trail of Freedom led to establishment of Nashville, TN, July 19, 2019. Freedmen’s Town. FTPC stopped the de- Hon. SHEILA JACKSON LEE, Hon. SHEILA JACKSON LEE, struction and removal of the historic bricks U.S. House of Representatives, House of Representatives, that were made, paid for and laid by freed- Washington, DC. Washington, DC. men and their descendants by first, devel- DEAR CONGRESSWOMAN SHEILA JACKSON DEAR CONGRESSWOMAN SHEILA JACKSON oping an awareness campaign, secondly, LEE: As the U.S. Member of the UNESCO LEE: The Kohrville Community Amos Ceme- placing a human body in the hole of destruc- International Scientific Committee for the tery Association endorses H.R. 434, the tion and finally, through legal action. Hence, Slave Route Project: ‘‘Resistance, Liberty Emancipation National Historic Trail Act, as you can see, we recognize that preserva- and Heritage,’’ I write to endorse H.R. 434, which had a hearing before the Sub- tion must happen and thusly, we are de- the Emancipation National Historic Trail committee on April 2, 2019. lighted with your proposed action to estab- Act, which had a hearing before the Sub- The Amos Cemetery is the oldest African- lish an Emancipation National Historic committee on April 2, 2019. American burial ground in the Kohrville Trail. My UNESCO charge has been to help iden- community. Amos Cemetery is a significant This bill will result in the Emancipation tify sites of importance for the history of Af- part of Texas history by awarding it an Offi- National Historic Trail, which extends ap- ricans and their descendants in our country, cial Texas Historical Marker. The designa- proximately 51 miles from the Osterman and to support the nomination of these sites tion honors the cemetery as an important Building and Reedy Chapel in Galveston, for a UNESCO Slave Route designation. and educational part of local history. In 1881, Texas, along Texas State Highway 3 and Since 2017, I have had the pleasure of work- former enslaved blacks from Alabama and Interstate 45 North to Freedmen’s Town, ing with the organizations and individuals in Mississippi settled the area located on Cy- then to Independence Heights, and Emanci- Houston who have been dedicated to pre- press Creek. The Kohrville community, cen- pation Park in Houston, Texas. This trail serving this important and underappreciated tered on farming, ranching and lumber in- follows the migration route taken by newly history. After much hard work on their part, dustries, and offered schools for black stu- freed slaves from the major 19th century sea- this year a number of Houston sites won the dents. Families that established this com- port town of Galveston to the burgeoning UNESCO Slave Route designation. As an his- munity are buried here as history is pre- community of Freedmen’s Town, which is torian of the African past in the Americas, I served by the Kohrville Community Amos now the 4th Ward of Houston, home to the have long recognized the role Galveston Cemetery Association. 18th Congressional District. played in the African slave trade, filtering This bill will result in the Emancipation The start of the trail is located where Gen- newly imported Africans into the U.S. National Historic Trail, which extends ap- eral Gordon Granger sailed into Galveston, Southwest. Nor did Galveston’s engagement proximately 51 miles from the Osterman Texas, with troops on June 19, 1865, to an- in that trade end in 1808 when Congress offi- Building and Reedy Chapel in Galveston, nounce the freedom of the last American cially abolished that trade. Texas, along Texas State Highway 3 and slaves. His announcement belatedly freed This bill will result in the Emancipation Interstate 45 North to Freedmen’s Town, 250,000 slaves nearly two and a half years National Historic Trail, which extends ap- then to Independence Heights, and Emanci- after Abraham Lincoln’s Emancipation Proc- proximately 51 miles from the Osterman pation Park in Houston, Texas. This trail lamation. The newly freed slaves traveled Building and Reedy Chapel in Galveston, follows the migration route taken by newly from Galveston to spread the news to neigh- Texas, along Texas State Highway 3 and freed slaves from the major 19th century sea- boring communities. Interstate 45 North to Freedmen’s Town, port town of Galveston to the burgeoning Should this bill become law it would estab- then to Independence Heights, and Emanci- community of Freedmen’s Town, which is lish the first trail in the Southwest United pation Park in Houston, Texas. This trail now the 4th Ward of Houston, home to the States that recognizes the role of African follows the migration route taken by newly 18th Congressional District. Americans in the legacy of freedom in the freed slaves from the major 19th century sea- The start of the trail is located where Gen- United States. An Emancipation Historic port town of Galveston to the burgeoning eral Gordon Granger sailed into Galveston, Trail designation would bring long overdue community of Freedmen’s Town, which is Texas, with troops on June 19, 1865, to an- historic recognition due to the role African now the 4th Ward of Houston, home to the nounce the freedom of the last American Americans played in the building of the to- 18th Congressional District. slaves. His announcement belatedly freed day’s Houston and the state of Texas. In ad- The start of the trail is located where Gen- 250,000 slaves nearly two and a half years dition, the revenue generated by people who eral Gordon Granger sailed into Galveston, after Abraham Lincoln’s Emancipation Proc- come to visit the area and walk this trail Texas, with troops on June 19, 1865, to an- lamation. The newly freed slaves traveled will result in tourism dollars to the city of nounce the freedom of the last American from Galveston to spread the news to neigh- Houston and the adjoining areas. slaves. His announcement belatedly freed boring communities. Sincerely, 250,000 slaves nearly two and a half years Should this bill become law it would estab- DORRIS ELLIS ROBINSON, after Abraham Lincoln’s Emancipation Proc- lish the first trail in the Southwest United Founder and President of the Freedmen’s lamation. The newly freed slaves traveled States that recognizes the role of African Town Preservation Coalition.

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Hon. SHEILA JACKSON LEE, across America that still exist today. We are slaves and community members in the Third House of Representatives, hopeful that H.R. 434 will serve as a beacon and Fourth Wards led by Reverend Jack Washington, DC. and give hope to many other places that are Yates, Richard Allen, Richard Brock, and DEAR CONGRESSWOMAN SHEILA JACKSON struggling to protect heritage before it is all Reverend Elias Dibble united to raise $1,000 LEE: The Houston Association of Black Psy- erased. in 1872 to purchase 10 acres of park land to chologists (HABPsi) endorses H.R. 434, the African Americans were tenacious people. host Juneteenth Celebrations. Emancipation Emancipation National Historic Trail Act, After the Civil War, they united and estab- Park is the most historic and culturally sig- which had a hearing before the Sub- lished settlements and even incorporated nificant park in the city of Houston and was committee on April 2, 2019. towns in the south amidst racial upheaval formerly one of the only communal spaces As a group of mental health professionals, and reconstruction. We are proud f this her- for Blacks in Houston. Over the years, HABPsi is of the opinion that the recogni- itage and are proud to stand with other com- Emancipation Park’s immediate surrounding tion of the Emancipation National Historic munities including Galveston, Emancipation area experienced an economic boom, where Trail would extend further the redemption of Park and Freedman’s Town in Houston. The many Black owned and frequented busi- people of African descent who continue to passing of this bill will result in the Emanci- nesses, financial institutions and venues live with the legacy of enslavement to this pation National Historic Trail, which ex- flourished in Houston’s Third Ward. Emanci- day. Even after more than 150 years since the tends approximately 51 miles from the pation Park is significant, not only as a rit- Emancipation Proclamation, African Ameri- Osterman Building and Reedy Chapel in Gal- ual of remembrance and celebration, but also cans experience mental, emotional and spir- veston, Texas, along Texas State Highway 3 as an early act of exercising the rights of itual pain from the experience of generations and Interstate 45 North to Freedmen’s Town, property ownership, commerce and coopera- of enslavement. Acknowledgement of slavery then to Independence Heights, and Emanci- tive economics amongst Blacks, which were ending . . . of free men, women and children pation Park in Houston, Texas. This trail formerly denied, known in our nation’s walking away is a powerful remembrance. follows the migration route taken by newly founding documents as ‘‘life, liberty, and the This bill will result in the Emancipation freed slaves where General Gordon Granger pursuit of happiness’’. The Emancipation Na- National Historic Trail, which extends ap- announced the Emancipation Proclamation tional Historic Trail would serve as an in- proximately 51 miles from the Osterman on June 19, 1865, freeing the last American valuable opportunity to share rich cultural, Building and Reedy Chapel in Galveston, slaves. The newly freed slaves traveled social, historical and economic strides that Texas, along Texas State Highway 3 and spreading the news to neighboring commu- have shaped society in the past and present. Interstate 45 North to Freedmen’s Town, nities. Thank you for your consideration in this then to Independence Heights, and Emanci- Should this bill become law it would estab- designation. pation Park in Houston, Texas. This trail lish the first trail in the Southwest United Sincerely, follows the migration route taken by newly States that recognizes the role of African RAMON MANNING, freed slaves from the major 19th century sea- Americans in the legacy of freedom. It would Board Chairman, port town of Galveston to the burgeoning also bring awareness highlighting the Emancipation Park Conservancy. community of Freedmen’s Town, which is undertold story of many African Americans now the 4th Ward of Houston, home to the towns and places. In addition, the revenue FREEDMEN’S TOWN 18th Congressional District. generated by people who come to visit the ADVISORY COMMITTEE, The start of the trail is located where Gen- area and walk this trail will result in tour- Houston, TX, July 20, 2019. eral Gordon Granger sailed into Galveston, ism dollars to the city of Houston and the Hon. SHEILA JACKSON LEE, Texas, with troops on June 19, 1865, to an- adjoining areas. House of Representatives, nounce the freedom of the last American Sincerely, Washington, DC. slaves. His announcement belatedly freed TANYA DEBOSE, DEAR CONGRESSWOMAN JACKSON LEE: The 250,000 slaves nearly two and a half years Executive Director, Freedmen’s Town Advisory Committee after Abraham Lincoln’s Emancipation Proc- Independence would like to express our enthusiastic sup- lamation. The newly freed slaves traveled Heights Redevelop- port for H.R. 434, the Emancipation National from Galveston to spread the news to neigh- ment Council, Inc. Historic Trail Act, which had a hearing be- boring communities. fore the Subcommittee on April 2, 2019. Should this bill become law it would estab- EMANCIPATION PARK CONSERVANCY, The Freedmen’s Town Advisory Committee lish the first trail in the Southwest United April 2, 2019. was established by Mayor Sylvester Turner States that recognizes the role of African Hon. DEB HAALAND, to help preserve the historical integrity of Americans in the legacy of freedom in the Chairwoman—House Subcommittee National Freedmen’s Town for the benefit of genera- United States. An Emancipation Historic Parks, Forest, and Public Lands Natural tions to come. Historians have stated that Trail designation would bring long overdue Resources Committee, Washington, DC. Freedmen’s Town is potentially the ‘‘largest historic recognition due to the role African Hon. DON YOUNG, linear architectural footprint still preserved Americans played in the building of the to- Ranking Member—House Subcommittee Na- in America’’ of black urban life during the day’s Houston and the state of Texas. In ad- tional Parks, Forest, and Public Lands Nat- post-slavery Reconstruction era. dition, the revenue generated by people who ural Resources Committee, Washington, DC. The Committee has worked to promote come to visit the area and walk this trail DEAR CHAIRWOMAN HAALAND AND RANKING Freedmen’s Town and bring international will result in tourism dollars to the city of MEMBER YOUNG: I write to express strong recognition from the United Nations Edu- Houston and the adjoining areas. support for H.R. 434, the Emancipation Na- cational, Scientific, and Cultural Organiza- Sincerely, tional Historic Trail Act, introduced by Con- tion to the area. As a result of this collabo- MS. ANELLE WILLIAMS, gresswoman Sheila Jackson Lee. Enactment ration, multiple sites located on the pro- HABPsi President. of this bill will make possible an Emanci- posed Trail have been designated as ‘‘Sites of pation National Historic Trail, which will Memory Associated to the UNESCO Slave INDEPENDENCE HEIGHTS extend 51 miles from the historic Osterman Route Project’’. REDEVELOPMENT COUNCIL, INC., Building and Reedy Chapel in Galveston, This bill will result in the Emancipation Hon. SHEILA JACKSON LEE, Texas, along Highway 3 and Interstate 45, National Historic Trail, which extends ap- House of Representatives, north to Freedmen’s Town and Emanci- proximately 51 miles from the Osterman Washington, DC. pation Park in Houston, Texas. This trail Building and Reedy Chapel in Galveston, DEAR CONGRESSWOMAN SHEILA JACKSON follows the migration route taken by newly- Texas, along Texas State Highway 3 and LEE: On behalf of the Board of Directors, freed slaves from the Galveston, Texas a Interstate 45 North to Freedmen’s Town, staff and community of historic Independ- major nineteenth century port to the vibrant then to Independence Heights, and Emanci- ence Heights. we are pleased to offer this let- settlement of Freedmen’s Town, which is pation Park in Houston, Texas. This trail ter supporting the establishment of the Na- today the Fourth Ward of Houston, in the follows the migration route taken by newly tional Emancipation Heritage Trail. We are 18th Congressional District. freed slaves from the major 19th century sea- excited about this effort and have been en- The Emancipation National Historic Trail port town of Galveston to the burgeoning gaged to assure all of our local churches, would be the first trail in the southwest community of Freedmen’s Town, which is businesses and community groups join us as United States that recognizes the role of Af- now the 4th Ward of Houston, home to the we endorse H.R. 434: the Emancipation Na- rican Americans in the legacy of freedom in 18th Congressional District. tional Historic Trail Act, referenced in a the United States. An Emancipation Historic The start of the trail is located where Gen- hearing held before the Subcommittee on Trail designation would bring national rec- eral Gordon Granger sailed into Galveston, April 2, 2019. ognition to a period of history when our na- Texas, with troops on June 19, 1865, to an- As the local convening agency in Independ- tion took significant strides to make real nounce the freedom of the last American ence Heights, we work everyday to preserve the promise of our nation’s founding docu- slaves. His announcement belatedly freed the rich heritage of Independence Heights, ments attesting to the rights of all to live 250,000 slaves nearly two and a half years the first municipality established by African free. after Abraham Lincoln’s Emancipation Proc- Americans in the State of Texas. This is es- Sparked by the desire to have a place to lamation. The newly freed slaves traveled pecially important to us as we are amongst commemorate the anniversary of their from Galveston to spread the news to neigh- only a handful of communities remaining emancipation, known as Juneteenth, former boring communities. Should this bill become

VerDate Sep 11 2014 07:16 Jul 25, 2019 Jkt 089060 PO 00000 Frm 00110 Fmt 7634 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A24JY7.077 H24JYPT1 July 24, 2019 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H7357 law it would establish the first trail in the me. I ask my colleagues to support H.R. 434 requires that we study the post- Southwest United States that recognizes the H.R. 434 enthusiastically. We look for- Civil War history of newly-freed slaves in a role of African Americans in the legacy of ward to the history being told for all to major slave holding state following the largest freedom in the United States. An Emancipation Historic Trail designa- know, to appreciate, and to under- military campaign waged on domestic soil in tion would bring long overdue historic rec- stand. the history of the United Sates. ognition to the role African Americans Mr. Speaker, as the author and principal This period is more than just a story about played in the building of today’s Houston sponsor, I rise today in strong support of H.R. the North’s victory and the South’s loss—it is and the state of Texas. In addition, the rev- 434, the ‘‘Emancipation National Historic Trail a story about a newly-freed people emerging enue generated by people who come to visit Act.’’ from over 250 years of slavery and how they the area and walk this trail will result in I thank Chairman RAU´ L M. GRIJALVA for survived into the 21st century when other simi- tourism dollars to the city of Houston and the adjoining areas. shepherding this legislation to the floor. larly situated communities did not. Warm Regards, I also thank Congresswoman HAALAND, In his Second Inaugural Address President EILEEN LAWAL, chair of the Natural Resources Committee’s Abraham Lincoln declared that slavery was Chair. Subcommittee on National Parks, Forests, and America’s Original Sin: Public Lands for holding the hearing that al- Yet, if God wills that it continue [The Civil HOUSTON FREEDMEN’S lowed the Committee to learn of the strong War] until all the wealth piled by the bonds- TOWN CONSERVANCY, support enjoyed by H.R. 434, and the hard man’s two hundred and fifty years of unre- Houston, TX, July 20, 2019. work of dedicated historic preservationists to quited toil shall be sunk, and until every Hon. SHEILA JACKSON LEE, preserve the rich history of former slaves. drop of blood drawn with the lash shall be House of Representatives, paid by another drawn with the sword, as Washington, DC. Let me begin by thanking Ms. Naomi Mitch- was said three thousand years ago, so still it DEAR CONGRESSWOMAN JACKSON LEE: With ell Carrier of Houston, Texas, for her stalwart must be said ‘‘the judgments of the Lord are this letter, The Houston Freedmen’s Town efforts to preserve and share the stories of true and righteous altogether.’’ Conservancy would like to express our en- newly freed slaves who settled in the Freed- thusiastic support for H.R. 434, the Emanci- The bloody civil war was one phrase often men’s Town section of Houston to begin lives used by battlefield survivors to describe what pation National Historic Trail Act, which as free persons following the end of the Civil had a hearing before the Subcommittee on it was—blood, suffering, tears, and death, but April 2, 2019. War. from this struggle came a new birth of free- The Houston Freedmen’s Town Conser- Ms. Mitchell Carrier is an educator, histo- dom for millions of former slaves. vancy is a 501(c)(3) non-profit corporation rian, and author with expertise in African There were thousands of communities com- that was established to protect and preserve American music, Texas history, and heritage prised of freed slaves throughout the United the history of Freedmen’s Town for the ben- tourism. efit of future generations. Freedmen’s Town States—although most of these communities I also thank Ms. Eileen Lawal for her April were found in the South, they could also be was listed on the National Register of His- 2019 oral testimony before the Natural Re- toric Places in 1985, by the U.S. Department found in the North, South, and Midwestern of Interior, and some of the historic sites lo- sources Committee, in support of H.R. 434. sections of the country. cated in this ‘‘Mother Ward’’ as it is com- Ms. Lawal is the president of Houston Newly-freed slaves held malice toward monly known, were recognized in March, 2019 Freedmen’s Town Conservancy, whose mis- none, including former slave owners. by the United Nations Educational, Sci- sion is to protect and preserve the history of But the same could not be said for those entific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO). Freedmen’s Town for the benefit of future gen- who once owned slaves. Seven of these historic sites, all located erations. along the proposed Historic Trail, have been Through economic hardship, natural disas- The work of H.R. 434 will result in the sec- ters, and the period of 1919–1921 called the designated as ‘‘Sites of Memory Associated ond trail in the United States that chronicles with the UNESCO Slave Route Project’’. ‘‘Burnings,’’ dozens of communities ceased to This bill will result in the Emancipation the experience of African Americans. exist. National Historic Trail, which extends ap- Currently, the National Parks Service only The City of Houston is fortunate that much proximately 51 miles from the Osterman has one National Historic Trail, which centers of this early history of former slaves has sur- Building and Reedy Chapel in Galveston, on the African American experience. vived to this day: Freedmen’s Town, Inde- Texas, along Texas State Highway 3 and It is the Selma to Montgomery National His- Interstate 45 North to Freedmen’s Town, pendence Heights, and the Emancipation Park toric Trail, which covers a 54-mile path be- areas, which are treasures in our nation’s his- then to Independence Heights, and Emanci- tween Selma and Montgomery, Alabama, was pation Park in Houston, Texas. This trail tory. follows the migration route taken by newly designated a National Historic Trail in 1966. Freedmen’s Town survived where other freed slaves from the major 19th century sea- The Selma to Montgomery Trail tells an im- communities did not, and it is the only sur- port town of Galveston to the burgeoning portant story about a pivotal moment in the viving 19th century community built by former community of Freedmen’s Town, which is nation’s struggle with turning away from a his- slaves to have a notable number of original now the 4th Ward of Houston, home to the tory of segregation and toward a future of structures that have been protected, pre- 18th Congressional District. equality and justice. served, or restored. The start of the trail is located where Gen- Establishment of the Emancipation National eral Gordon Granger sailed into Galveston, Freedmen’s Town became the center of op- Texas, with troops on June 19, 1865, to an- Historical Trail will be the second trail for portunity for freed slaves throughout the Hous- nounce the freedom of the last American which that the National Parks Services would ton area. slaves. His announcement belatedly freed have responsibility, and it will tell the story of By 1915, over 400 African American-owned 250,000 slaves nearly two and a half years African Americans and will preserve for future businesses existed there. after Abraham Lincoln’s Emancipation Proc- generations the rich history of the newly-freed By 1920 one-third of Houston’s 85,000 peo- lamation. The newly freed slaves traveled slaves who journeyed to Houston in search of ple lived in Freedmen’s Town. from Galveston to spread the news to neigh- economic and political opportunity, and greater Freedmen’s Town is a recognized Historic boring communities. Should this bill become religious and cultural freedom. District. law it would establish the first trail in the It is a remarkable story and one that all Southwest United States that recognizes the Emancipation Park was established in 1872 role of African Americans in the legacy of Americans can be proud to share with the and is Texas’s oldest public park. freedom in the United States. world. After emancipation, Freedmen’s Town be- An Emancipation Historic Trail designa- The Emancipation National Historic Trail Act came one of the only sanctuaries for freed tion would bring long overdue historic rec- would pave the way for the establishment of persons in Houston, Texas. ognition due to the role African Americans only the second nationally-recognized historic Today, Freedmen’s Town hosts an impres- played in the building of today’s Houston trail that chronicles the experience of African sive number of post-Civil War surviving struc- and the state of Texas. In addition, the rev- Americans in their struggle for equality and enue generated by people who come to visit tures—which include homes, public buildings, the area and walk this trail will result in justice. and commercial spaces built by former slaves. tourism dollars to the city of Houston and H.R. 434, the Emancipation National Histor- The Freedmen’s Town community has the adjoining areas. ical Trail Act, designates as a national historic fought to preserve structures, unique construc- Warm Regards, trail the 51 miles from the historic Osterman tion features, and period materials which are EILEEN LAWAL, Building and Reedy Chapel in Galveston, unique in their continued presence as origi- Board of Directors President. Texas, along Highway 3 and Interstate 45, nally installed. Ms. JACKSON LEE. Mr. Speaker, I north to Freedmen’s Town and Emancipation One such struggle was the work to preserve thank the gentleman for yielding to Park in Houston, Texas. handmade red brick street in Freedmen’s

VerDate Sep 11 2014 07:16 Jul 25, 2019 Jkt 089060 PO 00000 Frm 00111 Fmt 7634 Sfmt 9920 E:\CR\FM\A24JY7.078 H24JYPT1 H7358 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE July 24, 2019 Town that streets would have been destroyed Since its opening the NMAAHC has gen- upon reconsideration accepted her as a mem- had community leaders and preservationists erated a sustained demand for tickets, an un- ber, making her the first of many women of not fought and succeeded in winning needed precedented problem for a museum—where color who became members of the organiza- infrastructure improvements, and the re-instal- interest far outstrips capacity to accommodate tion. lation of the period bricks onto the street. visitors. The history of the United States is more There are concerns that Texas Department About three million people have already vis- complex and immensely richer than would be of Transportation’s announced highway im- ited the NMAAHC, which is the newest mu- apparent if we only consider the history of one provements on I–45 in the City of Houston seum in the Smithsonian Institution and group of people. would impact the historic areas of Independ- houses close to 37,000 rare artifacts within The tenacity demonstrated and the focus on ence Heights before the study directed by this three stories. historical accuracy and the need to save what bill could begin. Not only is demand for tickets high, accord- is a unique aspect of American history for fu- The reason the National Parks Service ex- ing to the museum’s associate director, so is ture generations is important. ists is to preserve the public lands for all to the amount of time visitors spend in the mu- For this reason, I ask my colleagues on use and enjoy. seum once they get in. both sides of the aisle to vote in support of The nation has invested a great deal in pro- The museum’s associate director told H.R. 434. tecting national parks and historic places due NPR.com that while most venues have a Mr. CURTIS. Mr. Speaker, I yield to their unique beauty, typographical features, ‘‘dwell’’ time of an hour and 45 minutes to two myself such time as I may consume. or historic relevance. hours, visitors are spending up to six hours Mr. Speaker, I rise in support of H.R. The stories that make up the American ex- exploring. It’s already an important part of 434, which would authorize the Sec- perience have, for far too long, been limited to many people’s list of things to do in Wash- retary of the Interior to conduct a spe- those of one group of Americans. ington, D.C.’’ cial resource study of the proposed The limited view of what is of value or inter- There is a hunger in the nation for stories Emancipation National Historic Trail. est to the American public has changed with about African Americans from our past that This 51-mile trail follows the migration the establishment of a Native American His- link us to our present and act as guideposts route taken by newly freed slaves and tory Museum and most recently the opening of to our future. other persons of African descent from the National African American History and Cul- This is a momentous opportunity—one that the major 19th-century seaport town of ture on the Mall. fires the imagination for fully telling the Amer- Galveston to the burgeoning commu- The ‘‘whites-only’’ version of American his- ican story from the voices and perspectives of nity of Freedmen’s Town in Houston. tory must end and at the same time we can all of our nation’s citizens. Although President Abraham Lincoln make room for other American stories. The richness of these diverse stories is officially ended slavery through the In 1915, the first suggestion of creating an found in Houston’s African American historic Emancipation Proclamation on Sep- African American History Museum came from areas. tember 22, 1862, many slaves were not African American Union veterans of the Civil These areas of Houston tell the story of freed until much later when news of War. many peoples who are part of our nation’s his- the proclamation reached their towns. By 1988, Congressmen JOHN LEWIS and tory by filling in gaps of the story of the United The last of those slaves lived in the Mickey Leland introduced legislation for a States that too many Americans do not know South and were freed on June 19, 1865, stand-alone African American history museum or understand because these stories are now after the Emancipation Proclamation within the Smithsonian Institution. being taught as part of American history. was read in Galveston. Their bill faced significant opposition in Con- It is important to ensure that the public trust On January 1, 1866, the Emancipation gress due to its cost. to preserve our nation’s history is also a com- Proclamation was read at the African Supporters of the African American museum mitment to preserving all of its history, includ- Methodist Episcopal Church on 20th tried to salvage the proposal by suggesting ing that which reflects both its best and worst and Broadway, now Reedy Chapel. A that the Native Indian museum (then moving moments. large number of the freed slaves through Congress) and African American mu- By way of example, when I was a young marched from the courthouse on 21st seum share the same space. girl, I learned the story of Crispus Attucks—a and Ball Streets to the church, where But the compromise did not work, and Con- key figure in our nation’s history who on the the director of the Freedmen’s Bureau gress took no further action on the bill. eve of the American Revolution lost his life read the proclamation to the marchers. In 2001, Congressman LEWIS and Con- during a protest of British rule prior to the start The Emancipation Proclamation is gressman J.C. Watts reintroduced legislation of the Revolutionary War. still read at the church each year at for a museum in the House of Representatives However, Crispus Attucks was not the sole the Juneteenth celebration. which became law, creating a federal commis- person of African descent who wanted to see Houston, Texas, has rich ties to Afri- sion to study the idea of an African American freedom from British rule—he fought for the can American history. The Emanci- Museum near Capitol Hill. United States and was joined by thousands of pation Trail proposed by H.R. 434 ends After completing a 2-year study the Com- other persons of African descent who partici- in Freedmen’s Town and Emancipation mission determined that an African American pated in the Revolutionary War. Park in Houston. Freedmen’s Town is history museum would be of substantial ben- Over time the history of the American War one of the first and the largest of the efit to the nation. for Independence is revealing a tapestry of di- post-Civil War Black urban commu- In 1994, despite winning approval in both versity that had not been well understood. nities in Texas. The community was es- House and Senate committees, the bill died In the 1980s the daughters of the American tablished by former Texas slaves who once more, due to opposition by North Caro- Revolution initially would not accept black left their plantations for the safety of lina Senator Jesse Helms, who refused to women as members until one stood up and Houston. allow the legislation to come to the Senate took a stand. Emancipation Park is also signifi- floor despite bipartisan support. According to a March 1984 story in the cant to Houston African American his- In 2003, the House passed the ‘‘National Washington Post, Lena Lorraine Santos Fer- tory. In the years following the eman- Museum of African American History and Cul- guson, a retired school secretary, was denied cipation of slaves in Texas, African ture Act,’’ which passed the Senate and was membership in a Washington, D.C. chapter of American populations across Texas col- signed into law by President George W. Bush. the DAR because she was black. lected money to buy property dedi- On September 24, 2016, the National Mu- Her two white sponsors, Margaret M. John- cated to the Juneteenth celebrations. seum of African American History and Culture ston and Elizabeth E. Thompson, were In honor of their freedom, they named (NMAAHC) opened its doors after 13 years of shocked at Ms. Ferguson’s rejection. it Emancipation Park. planning, and construction and over a hundred Ms. Ferguson met the lineage requirements This bill is an important reminder of years of struggle to see the history of former and could trace her ancestry to Jonah Gay, a the struggles of African Americans slaves as part of the complex of museums on white man who fought in Maine. throughout our Nation’s history as we the Capital Mall began in 1915. When the reason for not admitting Ms. Fer- have worked to form a more perfect The success of the National Museum of Af- guson became known, the public reaction was union. I support Ms. JACKSON LEE’s ef- rican American History and Culture reveals the swift and negative. forts to study the proposed trail and hunger in the nation and across the world for The Daughters of the American Revolution highlight the important African Amer- authentic stories from our past. revisited their denial of Ms. Ferguson, and ican history of Texas.

VerDate Sep 11 2014 07:16 Jul 25, 2019 Jkt 089060 PO 00000 Frm 00112 Fmt 7634 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A24JY7.080 H24JYPT1 July 24, 2019 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H7359 Mr. Speaker, I urge the adoption of by Reverend Jack Yates, Richard Allen, proximately 51 miles from the Osterman this measure. Richard Brock, and Reverend Elias Dibble to Building and Reedy Chapel in Galveston, Mr. Speaker, I have no more speak- serve as a gathering place for former slaves Texas, along Texas State Highway 3 and ers, and I yield back the balance of my living in the Third and Fourth Wards to Interstate 45 North to include the Freed- commemorate the anniversary of their men’s Town National Register Historic time. emancipation (‘‘Juneteenth’’). The Kinder Place-TCP, then to Independence Heights, Mr. SAN NICOLAS. Mr. Speaker, I Foundation also actively supports the Eman- and Emancipation Park in Houston, Texas. thank my colleague for his support, cipation Park Conservancy to further pro- This trail follows a migration route taken by and I yield back the balance of my gramming and operations at Emancipation previously enslaved peoples from the major time. Park, as well as the Emancipation Commu- 19th century seaport town of Galveston to Ms. JACKSON LEE. Mr. Speaker, I include nity Development Partnership and the the founding of the earliest Urban settle- in the RECORD the following letters in support Emancipation Economic Development Coun- ment of Freedmen’s Town-4th Ward, Hous- of H.R. 434, the Emancipation National His- cil in an effort to revitalize the area through ton, home to the 18th Congressional District. affordable housing and education initiatives. The start of the trail is located where Gen- toric Trail Act: Passing H.R. 434, will have an enormous im- eral Gordon Granger sailed into Galveston, CITY OF HOUSTON, pact and be a major contribution towards Texas, with troops on June 19, 1865, to an- Houston, TX, March 26, 2019. the historical and cultural preservation of nounce the freedom of the last American Hon. RAU´ L M. GRIJALVA, three of Houston’s most historically signifi- slaves. His announcement belatedly freed Chairman, Natural Resources Committee, cant neighborhoods. slaves nearly two and a half years after House of Representatives, Washington, DC. This bill will result in the Emancipation Abraham Lincoln’s Emancipation Proclama- DEAR CHAIRMAN GRIJALVA: I write today to National Historic Trail, which extends ap- tion. The newly freed slaves traveled from express my support of Representative Sheila proximately 51 miles from the Osterman Galveston and from Plantations throughout Jackson Lee’s bill, H.R. 434, the Emanci- Building and Reedy Chapel in Galveston, Texas. to other cities and states in search of pation National Historic Trail Act. Passage Texas, along Texas State Highway 3 and family members who had been previously of this bill will pave the way for the Emanci- Interstate 45 North to Freedmen’s Town, sold into slavery, and to spread the news of pation National Historic Trail, which will then to Independence Heights, and Emanci- freedom to neighboring communities. extend approximately 51 miles from the pation Park in Houston, Texas. This trail The Emancipation National Historic Trail Osterman Building and Reedy Chapel in Gal- follows the migration route taken by newly Act would bring long overdue historic rec- veston, Texas, along Texas State Highway 3 freed slaves from the major 19th century sea- ognition for the role African Americans and Interstate 45 North to Freedmen’s Town port town of Galveston to the burgeoning played in the building of Houston and Texas. and Emancipation Park in Houston, Texas. community of Freedmen’s Town, which is In addition, the revenue generated by herit- This trail follows the migration route taken now the 4th Ward of Houston, home to the age cultural tourists who visit and walk this by newly freed slaves from the major 19th 18th Congressional District. trail will benefit the City of Houston and the century seaport town of Galveston to the The start of the trail is located where Gen- State of Texas. burgeoning community of Freedmen’s Town, eral Gordon Granger sailed into Galveston, Sincerely, which is now the 4th Ward of Houston, home Texas, with troops on June 19, 1865, to an- THEOPHILUS HERRINGTON, PH.D. to the 18th Congressional District. nounce the freedom of the last American The start of the trail is located where Gen- slaves. His announcement belatedly freed THE HERITAGE SOCIETY eral Gordon Granger rode into Galveston, 250,000 slaves nearly two and a half years AT SAM HOUSTON PARK, Texas, on June 19, 1865, to announce the free- after Abraham Lincoln’s Emancipation Proc- Houston, TX. dom of the last American slaves. His an- lamation. The newly freed slaves traveled Hon. SHEILA JACKSON LEE, nouncement belatedly freed 250,000 slaves from Galveston to spread the news to neigh- House of Representatives, nearly two and a half years after Abraham boring communities. Washington, DC. Lincoln’s Emancipation Proclamation. The Should this bill become law it would estab- DEAR CONGRESSWOMAN SHEILA JACKSON newly freed slaves traveled from Galveston lish the first trail in the Southwest United LEE: The Heritage Society endorses H.R. 434, to spread the news to neighboring commu- States that recognizes the role of African the Emancipation National Historic Trail nities. Americans in the legacy of freedom in the Act, which had a hearing before the Sub- The Emancipation National Historic Trail United States. An Emancipation Historic committee on April 2, 2019. would be the first trail in the Southwest Trail designation would bring long overdue Since its founding, The Heritage Society, a United States that recognizes the role that historic recognition due to the role African non-profit 501(c)(3), has acquired and re- African Americans in the legacy of freedom Americans played in the building of the to- stored ten historic buildings in the city of in the United States. An Emancipation His- day’s Houston and the state of Texas. In ad- Houston. The result is a treasure for our toric Trail designation would bring long dition, the revenue generated by people who city, with buildings that tell the stories of overdue historic recognition due to the role come to visit the area and walk this trail how diverse segments of society lived daily, African Americans played in the building of will result in tourism dollars to the city of from freed slaves building new lives for the today’s Houston and the state of Texas. Houston and the adjoining areas. themselves to prosperous merchant families In addition, the revenue generated by people Sincerely, from Houston’s early years. The Heritage So- who come to visit the area and walk this NANCY G. KINDER, ciety is an educational institution whose trail will result in tourism dollars to the President & CEO. mission is to tell the stories of the diverse city of Houston and the surrounding area. I history of Houston and Texas through its urge you to pass this bill to create the RUTHERFORD B. H. YATES collections, exhibitions and programing. Emancipation National Historic Trail. MUSEUM, INC., This bill will result in the Emancipation Sincerely, Houston, TX. National Historic Trail, which extends ap- SYLVESTER TURNER, Hon. SHIELA JACKSON LEE, proximately 51 miles from the Osterman Mayor. House of Representatives, Building and Reedy Chapel in Galveston, Washington, DC. Texas, along Texas State Highway 3 and KINDER FOUNDATION, DEAR CONGRESSWOMAN SHEILA JACKSON Interstate 45 North to Freedmen’s Town, Houston, TX, July 22, 2019. LEE: The Rutherford B H Yates Museum, Inc. then to Independence Heights, and Emanci- Hon. SHEILA JACKSON LEE, endorses H.R. 434, the Emancipation Na- pation Park in Houston, Texas. This trail House of Representatives, tional Historic Trail Act, which had a hear- follows the migration route taken by newly Washington, DC. ing before the Subcommittee on April 2, 2019. freed slaves from the major 19th century sea- DEAR CONGRESSWOMAN SHEILA JACKSON The Rutherford B H Yates Museum, Inc. port town of Galveston to the burgeoning LEE: The Kinder Foundation endorses H.R. believes that the approval of H.R. 434 will be community of Freedmen’s Town, which is 434, the Emancipation National Historic the first major step toward the goal for the now the 4th Ward of Houston, home to the Trail Act, which had a hearing before the 40 block Freedmen’s Town National Register 18th Congressional District. Subcommittee on April 2, 2019. Historic Place-TCP and its related sites, to Two of the historic buildings cared for by The Kinder Foundation actively supports become U.S. National Landmarks and ulti- The Heritage Society, the Jack Yates House the community development and preserva- mately to receive UNESCO-World Heritage and the 4th Ward Cottage, have been nomi- tion of the historic Freedmen’s Town and Cite recognition. In March 2019, the first six nated as ‘‘Sites of Memory’’ as part of the Third Ward in Houston, Texas, which has a (6) of the (74) sites that RBHYates Museum, UNESCO Slave Route Project. Obtaining direct relationship and serves as a key loca- Inc. had nominated in 2016, have been award- international recognition to the Jack Yates tion in H.R. 434, the Emancipation National ed as ‘‘Sites of Memory Associated with the House signifies its importance as a place Historic Trail Act. The Kinder Foundation is UNESCO-Slave Route’’. We continue to sub- that embodies what is was to be an enslaved participating in planning efforts for Freed- mit documents for consideration of the nom- African-American, who, once freed, became a men’s Town and provided early funding for inated sites, in the UNESCO-Slave Route community leader whose lasting impact is the renovation of Emancipation Park lo- process. seen today. Recognizing this Historic Trail cated in Third Ward. Emancipation Park This bill will result in the Emancipation would truly provide a larger understanding began as 10 acres of land purchased in 1872, National Historic Trail, which extends ap- of how Houston’s history is both unique and

VerDate Sep 11 2014 07:16 Jul 25, 2019 Jkt 089060 PO 00000 Frm 00113 Fmt 7634 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\K24JY7.149 H24JYPT1 H7360 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE July 24, 2019 also very much a part of the larger story of bring long overdue historic recognition due Through our project plan that directs the impact of enslavement of African Ameri- to the role African Americans played in the TIRZ #14 to allocate its funds to historical cans in the United States. building of the today’s Houston and the state preservation, among other designated Should this bill become law it would estab- of Texas. In addition, the revenue generated projects, the Authority has set its priorities lish the first trail in the Southwest United by people who come to visit the area and on preserving and renovating the institu- States that recognizes the role of African walk this trail will result in tourism dollars tional vestiges of Freedman’s Town to assure Americans in the legacy of freedom in the to the city of Houston and the adjoining that for generations to come the story of the United States. An Emancipation Historic areas. African-American experience in Houston can Trail designation would bring long overdue My research gathered over the past 30 be retold and personally experienced. We historic recognition due to the role African years will be an invaluable asset to the Na- strongly believe that The Emancipation Na- Americans played in the building of the to- tional Park Service in the study of the Trail tional Historic Trail will lend itself to act as day’s Houston and the state of Texas. In ad- and relevant 19th and early 20th century his- the impetus by which the nation will come dition, the revenue generated by people who toric sites in the surrounding areas. to know and experience the tenacity and come to visit the area and walk this trail Sincerely, strength of the freed slave to build, thrive will result in tourism dollars to the city of NAOMI MITCHELL CARRIER, and prosper in its own community. Houston and the adjoining areas. M.Ed.—Professor, Therefore, it is an honor to lend our sup- Sincerely, Houston Community port to the H.R. 434, The Emancipation Na- tional Historic Trail Act. ALISON A. BELL, College, Author, Go Very truly yours, Executive Director. Down, Old Hannah, Founder, Texas Cen- JACQUELINE BOSTIC, Chair. Hon. SHEILA JACKSON LEE, ter for African Amer- House of Representatives, ican Living History EMANCIPATION PARK CONSERVANCY, Washington, DC. (TCAALH), Director, April 2, 2019. DEAR CONGRESSWOMAN SHEILA JACKSON Performing and Vis- Hon. DEB HAALAND, LEE: The Texas Center for African American ual Arts Workshop. Chairwoman, House Subcommittee National Living History endorses H.R. 434, the Eman- Parks, Forest, and Public Lands, Natural cipation National Historic Trail Act, which FOURTH WARD REDEVELOPMENT AU- Resources Committee, Washington, DC. had a hearing before the Subcommittee on THORITY, TIRZ NO. 14, FREED- Hon. DON YOUNG, April 2, 2019. MAN’S TOWN, Ranking Member, House Subcommittee National Owing to my research to document historic Houston, TX, April 1, 2019. Parks, Forest, and Public Lands, Natural sites and markers from Galveston to Hous- Re H.R. 434, the Emancipation National His- Resources Committee, Washington, DC. ton Freedmen’s National Historic District, I, toric Trail Act DEAR CHAIRWOMAN HAALAND AND RANKING Naomi Carrier, develop a written testimony EB AALAND Hon. D H , MEMBER YOUNG: I write to express strong that has become a part of the historical Chairwoman, House Subcommittee on National support for H.R. 434, the Emancipation Na- record for H.R. 434, as expressed in this ex- Parks, Forests and Public Lands, Natural tional Historic Trail Act, introduced by Con- cerpt from Congresswoman, Sheila Jackson Resources Committee, Washington, DC. gresswoman Sheila Jackson Lee. Enactment Lee: DEAR CHAIRWOMAN HAALAND: On behalf of of this bill will make possible an Emanci- ‘‘As the founder and CEO of Texas Center the Boards of Directors for Tax Increment pation National Historic Trail, which will for African American Living History, your Reinvestment Zone Number Fourteen, City extend 51 miles from the historic Osterman insight will be beneficial to the effort to see of Houston, Texas (‘‘TIRZ #14’’) and Fourth Building and Reedy Chapel in Galveston, H.R. 434 become law. In the past thirty Ward Redevelopment Authority (the ‘‘Au- Texas, along Highway 3 and Interstate 45, years, you have endeavored to bring a fresh thority’’), please allow this correspondence north to Freedmen’s Town and Emanci- perspective to Texas History through per- to serve as our expression of support for H.R. pation Park in Houston, Texas. This trail formance art and education. If you will pre- 434, the Emancipation National Historic follows the migration route taken by newly- pare written remarks in support of the bill, Trail Act, introduced by Congresswoman freed slaves from the Galveston, Texas a I will see that your written statement is Sheila Jackson Lee. major nineteenth century port to the vibrant It is our understanding that the enactment placed into the record for the hearing and settlement of Freedmen’s Town, which is of this bill will make possible an Emanci- that you will be recognized. There will also today the Fourth Ward of Houston, in the pation National Historic Trail which will ex- be a seat for you to observe this historic 18th Congressional District. tend 51 miles from the historic Osterman hearing. I ask that you plan to attend, you The Emancipation National Historic Trail Building and Reedy Chapel in Galveston, would be the first trail in the southwest should plan to arrive the evening before or Texas along Highway 3 and Interstate 45 the morning of the hearing to allow us an op- United States that recognizes the role of Af- north to Freedman’s Town and Emanci- rican Americans in the legacy of freedom in portunity to speak before the hearing begins. pation Park located in Houston, Texas. The Your written testimony is welcomed and the United States. An Emancipation Historic trail will follow the migration route taken Trail designation would bring national rec- appreciated. by newly-freed slaves from Galveston, Texas, Very truly yours, ognition to a period of history when our na- a major nineteenth century port, to the vi- tion took significant strides to make real Sheila Jackson Lee brant settlement of Freedmen’s Town which Member of Congress’’ the promise of our nation’s founding docu- today is also referenced as the Fourth Ward ments attesting to the rights of all to live This bill will result in the Emancipation Houston within the 18th Congressional Dis- free. National Historic Trail, which extends ap- trict. Sparked by the desire to have a place to proximately 51 miles from the Osterman The Emancipation National Historic Trail commemorate the anniversary of their Building and Reedy Chapel in Galveston, would be the first trail in the southwest re- emancipation, known as Juneteenth, former Texas, along Texas State Highway 3 and gion of the United States that recognizes the slaves and community members in the Third Interstate 45 North to Freedmen’s Town, role of African Americans in the legacy of and Fourth Wards led by Reverend Jack then to Independence Heights, and Emanci- freedom in the United States. An Emanci- Yates, Richard Allen, Richard Brock, and pation Park in Houston, Texas. This trail pation Historic Trail designation would Reverend Elias Dibble united to raise $1,000 follows the migration route taken by newly bring national recognition to the period of in 1872 to purchase 10 acres of park land to freed slaves from the major 19th century sea- time when our nation took significant host Juneteenth Celebrations. Emancipation port town of Galveston to the burgeoning strides to make real the promise of our na- Park is the most historic and culturally sig- community of Freedmen’s Town, which is tion’s founding documents attesting to the nificant park in the city of Houston and was now the 4th Ward of Houston, home to the rights of all men to live free. formerly one of the only communal spaces 18th Congressional District. Freedmen’s Town is contained within the for Blacks in Houston. Over the years, The start of the trail is located where Gen- boundaries of TIRZ #14 and within our zone Emancipation Park’s immediate surrounding eral Gordon Granger sailed into Galveston, we have significant structures that are di- area experienced an economic boom, where Texas, with troops on June 19, 1865, to an- rectly related to the founders of Emanci- many Black owned and frequented busi- nounce the freedom of the last American pation Park. Of note are the historic brick nesses, financial institutions and venues slaves. His announcement belatedly freed streets that were laid by freed slaves; Bethel flourished in Houston’s Third Ward. Emanci- 250,000 slaves nearly two and a half years Church founded by Jack Yates which has pation Park is significant, not only as a rit- after Abraham Lincoln’s Emancipation Proc- been restored as an open space park; and The ual of remembrance and celebration, but also lamation. The newly freed slaves traveled African American Library at Gregory School as an early act of exercising the rights of from Galveston to spread the news to neigh- which originally served as the first public property ownership, commerce and coopera- boring communities. Should this bill become school for black students. Antioch Mis- tive economics amongst Blacks, which were law it would establish the first trail in the sionary Baptist Church, the oldest African formerly denied, known in our nation’s Southwest United States that recognizes the American church in Houston (1876) whereby founding documents as ‘‘life, liberty, and the role of African Americans in the legacy of Jack Yates served as pastor still resides in pursuit of happiness’’. freedom in the United States. An Emanci- the historic boundaries of Freedmen’s Town The Emancipation National Historic Trail pation Historic Trail designation would just east of the TIRZ boundaries. would serve as an invaluable opportunity to

VerDate Sep 11 2014 09:01 Jul 25, 2019 Jkt 089060 PO 00000 Frm 00114 Fmt 7634 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A24JY7.087 H24JYPT1 July 24, 2019 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H7361 share rich cultural, social, historical and EMANCIPATION PARK CONSERVANCY, The title of the bill was amended so economic strides that have shaped society in Houston, TX, April 2, 2019. as to read: ‘‘A bill to amend the Na- the past and present. Thank you for your Hon. DEB HAALAND, tional Trails System Act to provide for consideration in this designation. Chairwoman—House Subcommittee National the study of the Emancipation Na- Sincerely, Parks, Forest, and Public Lands, Natural RAMON MANNING, Resources Committee, Washington, DC. tional Historic Trail, and for other pur- Board Chairman, Emancipation, Hon. DON YOUNG, poses.’’. Park Conservancy. Ranking Member—House Subcommittee Na- A motion to reconsider was laid on tional Parks, Forest, and Public Lands, the table. NATIONAL TRUST FOR Natural Resources Committee, Washington, f DC. HISTORIC PRESERVATION, REPORT ON RESOLUTION PRO- March 29, 2019. DEAR CHAIRWOMAN HAALAND AND RANKING MEMBER YOUNG: I write to express strong Chairman RAUL GRIJALVA, VIDING FOR CONSIDERATION OF Washington, DC. support for H.R. 434, the Emancipation Na- H.R. 3877, BIPARTISAN BUDGET tional Historic Trail Act, introduced by Con- Ranking Member ROB BISHOP, ACT OF 2019; PROVIDING FOR Washington, DC. gresswoman Sheila Jackson Lee. Enactment CONSIDERATION OF H.R. 549, of this bill will make possible an Emanci- VENEZUELA TPS ACT OF 2019; DEAR CHAIRMAN GRIJALVA AND RANKING pation National Historic Trail, which will MEMBER BISHOP: We appreciate the oppor- extend 51 miles from the historic Osterman AND WAIVING A REQUIREMENT tunity to share our support for H.R. 434, the Building and Reedy Chapel in Galveston, OF CLAUSE 6(A) OF RULE XIII Emancipation National Historic Trail Act. Texas, along Highway 3 and Interstate 45, WITH RESPECT TO CONSIDER- The National Trust enthusiastically en- north to Freedmen’s Town and Emanci- ATION OF CERTAIN RESOLU- dorses this legislation and looks forward to pation Park in Houston, Texas. This trail TIONS REPORTED FROM THE its enactment in this Congress. follows the migration route taken by newly- COMMITTEE ON RULES INTERESTS OF THE NATIONAL TRUST FOR freed slaves from the Galveston, Texas a Mr. PERLMUTTER, from the Com- HISTORIC PRESERVATION major nineteenth century port to the vibrant settlement of Freedmen’s Town, which is mittee on Rules, submitted a privi- The National Trust for Historic Preserva- today the Fourth Ward of Houston, in the leged report (Rept. No. 116–183) on the tion is a privately-funded charitable, edu- 18th Congressional District. resolution (H. Res. 519) providing for cational, and nonprofit organization char- The Emancipation National Historic Trail tered by Congress in 1949 to ‘‘facilitate pub- consideration of the bill (H.R. 3877) to would be the first trail in the southwest amend the Balanced Budget and Emer- lic participation in historic preservation’’ United States that recognizes the role of Af- and to further the purposes of federal his- rican Americans in the legacy of freedom in gency Deficit Control Act of 1985, to es- toric preservation laws. The intent of Con- the United States. An Emancipation Historic tablish a congressional budget for fis- gress was for the National Trust ‘‘to mobi- Trail designation would bring national rec- cal years 2020 and 2021, to temporarily lize and coordinate public interest, partici- ognition to a period of history when our na- suspend the debt limit, and for other pation, and resources in the preservation and tion took significant strides to make real purposes; providing for consideration of interpretation of sites and buildings.’’ With the promise of our nation’s founding docu- the bill (H.R. 549) to designate Ven- headquarters in Washington, D.C., nine field ments attesting to the rights of all to live offices, 27 historic sites, more than one mil- ezuela under section 244 of the Immi- free. gration and Nationality Act to permit lion members and supporters, and a national Sparked by the desire to have a place to network of partners in states, territories, commemorate the anniversary of their nationals of Venezuela to be eligible and the District of Columbia, the National emancipation, known as Juneteenth, former for temporary protected status under Trust works to save America’s historic slaves and community members in the Third such section, and for other purposes; places and advocates for historic preserva- and Fourth Wards led by Reverend Jack and waiving a requirement of clause tion as a fundamental value in programs and Yates, Richard Allen, Richard Brock, and 6(a) of rule XIII with respect to consid- policies at all levels of government. Reverend Elias Dibble united to raise $1,000 eration of certain resolutions reported H.R. 434, EMANCIPATION NATIONAL HISTORIC in 1872 to purchase 10 acres of park land to from the Committee on Rules, which host Juneteenth Celebrations. Emancipation TRAIL ACT was referred to the House Calendar and Park is the most historic and culturally sig- We appreciate Representative Sheila Jack- nificant park in the city of Houston and was ordered to be printed. son Lee’s leadership on this legislation to es- formerly one of the only communal spaces f tablish the Emancipation National Historic for Blacks in Houston. Over the years, YSLETA DEL SUR PUEBLO AND Trail in the state of Texas. The route would Emancipation Park’s immediate surrounding extend approximately 51 miles from the area experienced an economic boom, where ALABAMA-COUSHATTA TRIBES Osterman Building and Reedy Chapel in Gal- many Black owned and frequented busi- OF TEXAS EQUAL AND FAIR OP- veston along Texas State Highway 3 and nesses, financial institutions and venues PORTUNITY SETTLEMENT ACT Interstate Highway 45 North to Freedmen’s flourished in Houston’s Third Ward. Emanci- Mr. SAN NICOLAS. Mr. Speaker, I Town and Emancipation Park located in pation Park is significant, not only as a rit- move to suspend the rules and pass the Houston. ual of remembrance and celebration, but also bill (H.R. 759) to restore an opportunity The designation of this historic trail-to be as an early act of exercising the rights of administered by the National Park Service- property ownership, commerce and coopera- for tribal economic development on traces the 19th century migration route from tive economics amongst Blacks, which were terms that are equal and fair, and for Galveston to Houston of newly freed slaves formerly denied, known in our nation’s other purposes, as amended. and persons of African descent. On June 19, founding documents as ‘‘life, liberty, and the The Clerk read the title of the bill. 1865, General Gordon Granger arrived at Gal- pursuit of happiness’’. The Emancipation Na- The text of the bill is as follows: veston to announce the freedom of the last tional Historic Trail would serve as an in- H.R. 759 American slaves, which belatedly freed ap- valuable opportunity to share rich cultural, Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Rep- proximately 250,000 slaves nearly two and a social, historical and economic strides that resentatives of the United States of America in half years after Abraham Lincoln’s Emanci- have shaped society in the past and present. Congress assembled, pation Proclamation. Their migration to the Thank you for your consideration in this community of Freedmen’s Town located in designation. SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. the Fourth Ward of Houston would be codi- Sincerely, This Act may be cited as the ‘‘Ysleta del fied in this proposed historic trail designa- RAMON MANNING, Sur Pueblo and Alabama-Coushatta Tribes of tion and further allow the National Park Board Chairman—Emancipation Texas Equal and Fair Opportunity Settle- Service to tell the stories of all Americans. Park Conservancy. ment Act’’. National Historic Trails administered by The SPEAKER pro tempore. The SEC. 2. AMENDMENT. the National Park Service provide an oppor- question is on the motion offered by The Ysleta del Sur Pueblo and Alabama and Coushatta Indian Tribes of Texas Res- tunity to recognize, commemorate, and in- the gentleman from Guam (Mr. SAN terpret travel routes of national historic sig- toration Act (Public Law 100–89; 101 Stat. NICOLAS) that the House suspend the 666) is amended by adding at the end the fol- nificance while sharing the significant his- rules and pass the bill, H.R. 434, as tories of our nation. We urge Congressional lowing: amended. support of this legislation and look forward ‘‘SEC. 301. RULE OF CONSTRUCTION. to enactment of H.R. 434. The question was taken; and (two- ‘‘Nothing in this Act shall be construed to Sincerely, thirds being in the affirmative) the preclude or limit the applicability of the In- PAM BOWMAN, rules were suspended and the bill, as dian Gaming Regulatory Act (25 U.S.C. 2701 Director of Public Lands Policy. amended, was passed. et seq.).’’.

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