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Delve Deeper into “The Last ” A film by John J. Valadez & Cristina Ibarra

This multi-media resource list, John, Elizabeth Ann Harper. Riley, Carroll L. Rio del Norte: compiled by Shaun Briley of the Storms Brewed in Other Men's People of the Upper Public Library, Worlds: The Confrontation of from the Earliest Times to the provides a range of perspectives Indians, Spanish, and French in Revolt. Salt Lake City: on the issues raised by the the Southwest, 1540-1795. University of Utah Press, 1995. upcoming P.O.V. documentary Norman, OK: University of A book about Pueblo Indian culture “The Last Conquistador” that Press, 1996. John and history. premieres on July 15th, 2008 at describes the Spanish, the French, 10 PM (check local listings at and American colonization spanning Roberts, David. The Pueblo www.pbs.org/pov/). from the Red River to the Revolt: The Secret Rebellion Plateau. That Drove the Spaniards Out of Renowned sculptor John Houser has the Southwest. : a dream: to build the world’s tallest Kammen, Michael. Visual Shock: Simon & Schuster, 2004. Roberts bronze equestrian statue for the city A History of Art Controversies in describes the of 1680, of El Paso, . He envisions a American Culture. New York: which resulted in a decade of stunning monument to the Spanish Vintage, 2007. Pulitzer Prize independence before the Spanish conquistador Juan de Oñate that winner Kammen examines how reasserted dominion over the area. will pay tribute to the contributions particular pieces of public art in people made to building America’s history have sparked Schama, Simon. The Power of the American West. But as the controversy and the value of these Art. New York: Ecco, 2006. project nears completion troubles debates. Schama follows eight artists who arise. Native are created their masterpieces against a outraged — they remember Oñate Kessell, John L. in the backdrop of personal and as the man who brought genocide Southwest: A Narrative History professional distress. to their land and sold their children of Colonial New , , into slavery. As El Paso divides Texas, and . Norman, Simmons, Marc. The Last along lines of race and class in "The OK: University of Oklahoma Conquistador, Juan de Oñate Last Conquistador," the artist must Press, 2003. Kessell covers 350 and the Settling of the Far face the moral implications of his years of the history of the Southwest, Albuquerque: work. A co-production of Southwest. University of Press, Independent Television Service 1991. The most authoritative work (ITVS). A co-presentation of Latino Mangan, Frank. El Paso in on Oñate. Public Broadcasting, Native Pictures. Fort Worth: Texas American Public Christian University Press, Spivey, Nigel. How Art Made the Telecommunications and KERA 2007. First published in 1971, El World: A Journey to the Origins /Fort Worth. Paso in Pictures takes the reader of Human Creativity. New York: ______through the history of El Paso first Basic Books, 2005. This book, ADULT NONFICTION with woodcuts and drawings and which accompanies the PBS then photographs up through miniseries of the same name, is an Campbell, Randolph B. Gone to 1970s. These include some rare introduction to art history. Texas: A History of the Lone photos of the Mexican Revolution. Star State. New York: Oxford Sturtevant, William C., ed. University Press, 2004. Metz, Leon C. Turning Points in Southwest, Volume 9, Handbook Campbell, a leading historian, El Paso. El Paso: Mangan Books, of North American Indians. discusses the , 1985. Metz gives an overview of Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian encompassing dealings with Mexico, the history of El Paso in this short Institution, 1979. An invaluable African-Americans, and the native 128- page book. resource for anyone interested in tribes all intertwined. Southwestern Culture. Minge, Ward Alan. Acoma: Fehrenbach, T.R. Lone Star. New Pueblo in the Sky. Albuquerque: Weber, David J. The Spanish York: eReads, 2004. Fehrenbach, University of New Mexico Press, Frontier in . New a native Texan, describes the 1991. A history of the Acoma Haven: Yale University Press, history of his home state and the Indians. 1994. This book describes the events that give Texas its unique impact of Spanish colonization on character. Powell, Philip Wayne. Tree of Native Americans in the in Hate: Propaganda and Southwest from 1513 to 1821. James, H.L. Acoma: The People Prejudices Affecting United of the White Rock. Atglen, PA: States Relations with the Perez de Villagra, Gaspar. Schiffer Publishing, 1997. Acoma Hispanic World. Vallecito, CA: . Alcala, mesa pueblo, located 65 miles west Ross House Books, 1985. An 1610. Albuquerque: University of Albuquerque, is said to be one of examination of “the Black Legend” – of New Mexico Press, 2004. This the oldest continuously inhabited the belief that the Spanish epic poem was written by one of communities on the North American were the most brutal Oñate's senior captains during the continent. This book discusses the of the European colonizers in their conquest of New Mexico. Acoma people and their history. conquest of the Americas. Considered one of the New World’s first major works of literature, it includes an account on the revolt and the punishment of Acoma. It also describes the hopes and fears

Delve Deeper into “The Last Conquistador” A film by John J. Valadez & Cristina Ibarra

of the other Spaniards on the Harrigan, Lana M. Ácoma : A Mexico and polarized much of El expedition. Novel of Conquest. New York: Paso along largely ethnic lines; Forge Books, 1999. Harrigan seeing him as an early Simmons, Marc. New Mexico: An writes a historical romance based figure in what would become a Interpretive History. on the Spanish conquest of New Hispanisized region. Many Indian Albuquerque: University of New Mexico. She describes the tribes however, view Oñate as a Mexico Press, 1977. The cultural amputation of the feet of the Acoma conqueror guilty of genocide, and mosaic of New Mexico is historically Indian males that the film, The Last liken him to a Nazi exterminating contextualized into a nuanced look Conquistador, talks about. Jews. This article chronicles the first at America’s 47th state. Spanning ______stirrings of an angry opposition to pre-Columbian times up to the NONFICTION FOR YOUNGER Houser’s vision and puts Oñate, modern day, Simmons sets out to READERS once again, in the spotlight. arrive at an understanding of the state’s character. His is an Ancona, George. Earth Blumenthal, Ralph. “Still Many interpretive, sensitive, individual— Daughter: Alicia of Acoma Months Away, El Paso’s Giant even personal—account. He shows Pueblo. New York: Simon & Horseman Keeps Stirring that across the centuries the Schuster Books for Young Passions.” . collision and mingling of cultures Readers, 1995. Ancona describes 10 January, 2004. dominates New Mexico’s history. the life of a little girl from the Out of this complex interplay of Acoma tribe in this photo-essay. In an 11-hour effort to reconcile human and natural forces he selects opposing views related to statue of his examples of Pueblo life ways, Metz, Leon Claire. El Paso Don Juan de Oñate, the City Council Spanish domination, and Anglo Chronicles: A Record of of El Paso acted in posthaste to control to make immediate and Historical Events in El Paso, alter the final impact of what many memorable the state’s rich history. Texas. El Paso, TX: Mangan believed to be the largest Books, 1993. Reading level: Ages equestrian statue in the world and Jaramillo, Nash. The Conquest 9-12. The history of El Paso for a its corresponding controversy. This of New Mexico: Don Juan de younger audience. article highlights the final battles Oñate, 1595-1608. N. Jaramillo, before the completion, placement 1983. Important resource that Hunt, Wolf Robe. The Dancing and official title of the Oñate describes Oñate’s time as governor Horses of Acoma, and Other Statue. of New Mexico. Includes the Acoma Acoma Indian Stories. Tribe’s 1598 revolt, Oñate’s Cleveland: World Pub. Co,1963. retaliatory response and his Folklore of the Acoma Indians. ultimate recall to in ______1606, where he was called to FILMS/DOCUMENTARIES answer for his actions. Addresses specifically the different strains of “How Art Made the World: How collective memory and its impact on Humans Made Art and Art Made present day New Mexico. Us Human.” BBC Warner, 2006. PBS miniseries. (290 minutes). McGeagh, Robert. Juan De Generates public awareness about Onate's Colony in the art history's relevance to Wilderness: An Early History of contemporary culture. the American Southwest. Santa Fe: Sunstone Press, 1990. By “Simon Schama's Power of Art.” 1598, Juan de Oñate had BBC Warner, 2007. (400 established the first permanent minutes). The film is narrated by settlement in the American the author Schama and explores Southwest, twenty-two years before eight artists’ creations using the Pilgrims founded Plymouth biography and historical context to Colony. The story of this first understand their works. colony, the explorations, the ______defeats and successes, the hopes ARTICLES blighted and the hopes fulfilled are told in this concise history of the Thompson, Ginger. "As A era. Sculptor Takes Shape In Mexico, ______Opposition Takes Shape In The ADULT FICTION U.S." The New York Times. 17 January 2002. Encinias, Miguel. Two Lives for The plans to erect a statue in honor Oñate. Albuquerque: University of Don Juan de Oñate were met of New Mexico Press, 1997. A with opposition from the very fictionalized historical account of the beginning. John Houser said he was life of Juan de Oñate (1549 to “thunderstruck” by the protests 1624), the founding of Spanish New against the colossal statue of one of Mexico, and Oñate’s relationship New Mexico’s most controversial with his son Cristõbal. historical figures. The choice of Oñate was a divisive issue in New