Hasinai-European Interaction, 1694-1715 Daniel A
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The Lone Star State
Texas: The Lone Star State By Cynthia A. Malecki "Texas, Our Texas! All hail the mighty State! Texas, Our Texas! So wonderful, so great! Boldest and grandest, withstanding ev'ry test, Empire wide and glorious, you stand supremely blest." 1st stanza of the Texas state song They say that everything is big in Texas–big farms, big ranches, big cities, big money, and even big hair. Texas is the biggest of the 48 contiguous U.S. states, with 267,277 square miles (692,244 square km), which is bigger than the 14 smallest states combined.(1) It is approximately 850 miles (1,370 km) from north to south and from west to east. The biggest ranch in Texas is The King Ranch in Kingsville, which is larger than the state of Rhode Island. The cities of Houston, Dallas, and San Antonio are among the nation's ten largest. The Port of Houston handles more foreign cargo than any other U.S. port. Texas is the second largest producer of electronic components in the U.S. and the nation's second leading exporter. Worldwide television viewers might remember the TV show "Dallas" featuring the Ewing family who lived on the South Fork Ranch in Dallas, Texas. Weekly shows featured the extravagant lifestyle of oil barons and their wives with big hair. (Usually found in the southern United States, big hair is the result of combing the hair and spraying it to produce a hairstyle puffed up two or three times its normal volume and capable of withstanding even the strongest winds.) Former Texas governor Ann Richards even declared an official Texas Big Hair Day in 1993. -
Tribal Relations and Consultation at Txdot
Tribal Relations and Consultation at TxDOT Draft Strategic Plan 2016 Archeological Studies Branch, Cultural Resources Management (CRM) Section, Environmental Affairs Division (ENV) Vision for Tribal Relations and Consultation at TxDOT The Texas Department of Transportation is a best-in-class agency that goes above and beyond the spirit of consultation to work collaboratively with federally recognized Native American tribes toward mutually beneficial outcomes during all levels of the transportation process. Mission of the Tribal Relations and Consultation Program: Build relationships and purposefully collaborate with tribal nations in the planning and implementation of TxDOT projects and programs. In working with tribal nations, TxDOT: . Recognizes the inherent sovereign status and reserved rights of tribes; . Practices and promotes cultural sensitivity when working with tribes; . Honors the spirit of various federal requirements and orders to consult with tribes; . Aims to go above and beyond current practices to foster trust and productivity; . Commits to providing meaningful and substantive consultation with tribes on transportation projects; and . Promotes collaborative consultation opportunities during planning and review processes within TXDOT. 2 Draft Tribal Relations and Consultation Strategic Plan 2016 Foreword Texas’ long and rich cultural history is rooted in the indigenous people who once inhabited the land. Tribal nations continue to have an inherent interest in the state’s natural and cultural resources. Today, the federal government recognizes tribes’ inherent sovereign status, a unique relationship that is embodied in the U.S. Constitution, treaties, court decisions, federal statutes and executive orders. As TxDOT builds a safe and reliable transportation system, the agency (on behalf of the Federal Highway Administration) consults with tribes on statewide transportation plans and projects with federal funding. -
Tonkawa Indians Before the Time of the Spanish Explorers, Native Americans Inhabited the Open Ranges and Woodlands of Texas
Tonkawa Indians Before the time of the Spanish explorers, Native Americans inhabited the open ranges and woodlands of Texas. One group that made its mark in history is the Tonkawa Indians. These people were thought to have come to Texas as early as the seventeenth century. Tonkawa, a Waco Indian word, means, “they all stay together,” which eloquently describes this group of nomadic Indian tribes. There is scant archeological evidence of the Tonkawa people, and historians have several theories on the tribal structure and lifestyles of this group. Some believe the Tonkawa were actually a group of independent bands of Indians, which may have included the Sana, Toho, Tohaha, Cantona, and Cava Indians. In the early eighteenth century these bands of Indians were thought to have joined together to form Tonkawa Proper. There is some evidence that the Tonkawa actually came to Texas much earlier as one cohesive group of Tonkawa Indians that lived further north. These nomadic hunters lived in tepees made from buffalo hide, grass and other materials. Tepees allowed bands to easily pack their homes and move with the migrating herds of buffalo or to outrun their enemies. An elected tribal chief led each band of Tonkawa, and each band was composed of maternal clans. Unlike many societies that are patriarchal, the Tonkawa clan membership followed on the side of the mother. When a couple got married, the man would go live with his wife’s clan, and the children would become members of their mother’s clan as well. As a society that always stays together, the Tonkawa established a system that ensured all widows, widowers, and orphaned children were taken care of if their family members died. -
Further Investigations Into the King George
Louisiana State University LSU Digital Commons LSU Master's Theses Graduate School 2010 Further investigations into the King George Island Mounds site (16LV22) Harry Gene Brignac Jr Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_theses Part of the Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons Recommended Citation Brignac Jr, Harry Gene, "Further investigations into the King George Island Mounds site (16LV22)" (2010). LSU Master's Theses. 2720. https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_theses/2720 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at LSU Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in LSU Master's Theses by an authorized graduate school editor of LSU Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. FURTHER INVESTIGATIONS INTO THE KING GEORGE ISLAND MOUNDS SITE (16LV22) A Thesis Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of the Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in The Department of Geography and Anthropology By Harry Gene Brignac Jr. B.A. Louisiana State University, 2003 May, 2010 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS First and foremost, I would like to give thanks to God for surrounding me with the people in my life who have guided and supported me in this and all of my endeavors. I have to express my greatest appreciation to Dr. Rebecca Saunders for her professional guidance during this entire process, and for her inspiration and constant motivation for me to become the best archaeologist I can be. -
Sahnish (Arikara) Ethnobotany
Kindscher, L. Yellow Bird, M. Yellow Bird & Sutton Yellow M. Bird, Yellow L. Kindscher, Sahnish (Arikara) Ethnobotany This book describes the traditional use of wild plants among the Arikara (Sahnish) for food, medicine, craft, and other uses. The Arikara grew corn, hunted and foraged, and traded with other tribes in the northern Great Plains. Their villages were located along the Sahnish (Arikara) Missouri River in northern South Dakota and North Dakota. Today, many of them live at Fort Berthold Reservation, North Dakota, as part of the MHA (Mandan, Hidatsa, Arikara) Ethnobotany Nation. We document the use of 106 species from 31 plant families, based primarily on the work of Melvin Gilmore, who recorded Arikara ethnobotany from 1916 to 1935. Gilmore interviewed elders for their stories and accounts of traditional plant use, collected material goods, and wrote a draft manuscript, but was not able to complete it due to debilitating illness. Fortunately, his field notes, manuscripts, and papers were archived and form the core of the present volume. Gilmore’s detailed description is augmented here with historical accounts of the Arikara gleaned from the journals of Great Plains explorers—Lewis and Clark, John Bradbury, Pierre Tabeau, and others. Additional plant uses and nomenclature is based on the field notes of linguist Douglas R. Parks, who carried out detailed documentation of the Sahnish (Arikara) Ethnobotany tribe’s language from 1970–2001. Although based on these historical sources, the present volume features updated modern botanical nomenclature, contemporary spelling and interpretation of Arikara plant names, and color photographs and range maps of each species. -
Before the Line Volume Iii Caddo Indians: the Final Years
BEFORE THE LINE VOLUME III CADDO INDIANS: THE FINAL YEARS BEFORE THE LINE VOLUME III CADDO INDIANS: THE FINAL YEARS Jim Tiller Copyright © 2013 by Jim Tiller All rights reserved Bound versions of this book have been deposited at the following locations: Louisiana State University, Shreveport (Shreveport, Louisiana) Sam Houston State University (Huntsville, Texas) Stephen F. Austin State University (Nacogdoches, Texas) Texas A&M University (College Station, Texas) Texas General Land Office (Archives and Records) (Austin, Texas) Texas State Library (Austin, Texas) University of North Texas (Denton, Texas) University of Texas at Austin (Austin, Texas) To view a pdf of selected pages of this and other works by Jim Tiller, see: http://library.shsu.edu > Digital Collection > search for: Jim Tiller Electronic versions of Vol. I, II and III as well as a limited number of bound sets of the Before the Line series are available from: The Director, Newton Gresham Library, Sam Houston State University, PO Box 2281 (1830 Bobby K. Marks Drive), Huntsville, Texas 77341 Phone: 936-294-1613 Design and production by Nancy T. Tiller The text typefaces are Adobe Caslon Pro and Myriad Pro ISBN 978-0-9633100-6-4 iv For the People of the Caddo Nation Also by Jim Tiller Our American Adventure: The History of a Pioneer East Texas Family, 1657-1967(2008) (with Albert Wayne Tiller) Named Best Family History Book by a Non-Professional Genealogist for 2008 by the Texas State Genealogical Society Before the Line Volume I An Annotated Atlas of International Boundaries and Republic of Texas Administrative Units Along the Sabine River-Caddo Lake Borderland, 1803-1841 (2010) Before the Line Volume II Letters From the Red River, 1809-1842 (2012) Jehiel Brooks and the Grappe Reservation: The Archival Record (working manuscript) vi CONTENTS Preface . -
Traditional Caddo Stories—7Th Grade
Caddo Traditional Stories Personal Thoughts: My experience this past summer at the workshop and camping down the road at Mission Tejas State Park reinvigorated a personal connection to history. Most authors of history have been men. So, the word history, is simply restated as his story. The collection of oral stories was a tremendous task for early scholars. Winners of conflicts were often the ones to write down the tales of soldiers and politicians alike. Tales of everyday life were equally complex as the tales of battle. With Caddo stories, the main characters were often based on animals. So, a Caddo story can be a historical narrative featuring the environment, culture, and time period. The sounds of nighttime crawlers of the 21st century are the same sounds heard by the Caddo of Caddo Mounds State Historic Site. The nighttime sky above the forests of pine, pecan, and oak is the same as back then. The past is all around us, we just have to take it in. About This Lesson General Citation This lesson is based on the National Register of Historic Places registration files for Caddo Mounds State Historic Site (also known as the George C. Davis site) and materials prepared by the Texas Historical Commission. It was written by Kathy Lathen, a Texas educator with over a decade of classroom instructional experience. This lesson is one in a series that brings the important stories of historic places into classrooms across the country. Where is fits into Curriculum Topics and Time Period: This lesson could be incorporated with the Texas history unit on the historical era, Natural Texas and Its People (Prehistory to 1528). -
The Development of Free Public Schools in Texas. 41P
DOCUMOIT RESUME 4D 126 615 BA 008 558 AUTHOR Holleman, I. Thomas, Jr. TITLE The Development of Free Public Schools inTexas. PUB DATE [13] NOTE 41p.; Not available in hard copy due to marginal legibility of original document EDRS PRICE NF-S0.83 Plus Postage. BC Not Available fromEDRS. DESCRIPTORS *Educational Finance; *Educational History; Elementary Secondary Education; Historical Reviews; Property Taxes; *Public Education; public School Systems; School Funds; State Aid; State Boards of Education; *State Government; *State Legislation; State School District Relationship , IDENTIFIERS *Texas ABSTRACT This paper summarizes the historical foundationsfor the financing and maintenance of Texas'present day school system. This review traces the'history ofTexas public education from the seventeenth century through 1949 when threemajor s9fOol reorganization laws were enacted by thestate legiilature.'The earliest schools in Texaswere associated with the Spanish missions and were-intended to educate (and control)'the Indians. Education suffered under the Mexican regime, which failedto provide fonds for schools. The Republic of Texas setup a public school system based on: land grants to counties. This funding approachwas later employed when Texas entered the Union, and continued untilthe Civil War brought havoc to public education. However, afterReconstruction, the ( 1875 state constitution provided fora perpetual school fund based on property and poll taxes as wellas for a state board of education. Independent school districts emerged. Finally in1949, the state legislature mandated that 12years of schooling for all children are mandatory and gave the state board of educationHmorepdwer. (DS) *******41414141************************41414141**4141414141***444141*****************- Documents Acquired by ERIC include many informal unpublished * * materials not available from othersources. -
Commencement Program Baylor University School of Law
Saturday, July 31 Two Thousand Twenty One Ten O’Clock in the Morning First Baptist Church of Waco Waco, Texas Commencement Program Baylor University School of Law Saturday, July 31, 2021 — Ten O’Clock in the Morning First Baptist Church of Waco Waco, Texas Processional Significance of the Juris Doctor Regalia Emily Monk Leah W. Teague Cellist Associate Dean and Professor of Law Master of Music Student, Baylor University School of Music Presentation of Class Dean Toben Welcome Bradley J.B. Toben Degree Conferral Dean and M.C. & Dr. Brickhouse Mattie Caston Chair of Law Presentation of Diplomas Invocation Dr. Brickhouse James Donnell Wilson Member of the Commencement Class Dean Toben Associate Dean Teague Introductions Dean Toben Angela Cruseturner Assistant Dean of Career Development Student Remarks Hooding of Graduates Matthew James McKinnon Highest Ranking Student Jeremy Counseller in the Commencement Class Professor of Law James E. Wren Address Leon Jaworski Chair of Gerald R. Powell Practice & Procedure Master Teacher and Abner V. McCall Professor of Evidence Recessional Ms. Monk Remarks Nancy Brickhouse, Ph.D. Provost, Baylor University JURIS DOCTOR DEGREES Conferred July 31, 2021 Garrett S. Anderson Steven Ovando Kimberly Taise Andrade Preston Roquemore Polk Emily Jean Carria Audrey Michelle Ramirez Christian Louis Carson-Banister Emma Lee Roddy Madelyn Grace Caskey David Anthony-Cruz Rothweil Samantha Landi Chaiken Ryan William Rowley Jessica L. Francis Jennifer Margaux Schein Byron A. Haney Alexandra Irene Simms Sydney Anne Ironside Pawandeep Singh William Vascoe Jordan IV Tara Smith Hambacher McKellar Lee Karr Danielle Brogan Snow Matthew Austin Katona Nicholas Todd Stevens Alyssa Morgan Killin David W. -
La Harpe's 1719 Poston Red Riverand Nearby Caddo
La Harpe's 1719 Post on Red River and Nearby Caddo Settlements Mildred Mott Wedel BULLETIN 30 THE TEXAS MEMORIAL MUSEUM The University of Texas at Austin LA HARPE'S 1719 POST ON RED RIVER AND NEARBY CADDO SETTLEMENTS 1 Mildred Mott Wedel 2 In 1719 Jean-Baptiste Benard de La Harpe termine their kind and degree of validity. set up a post on Red River, a western tribu- Then they must be viewed with the insights tary of the Mississippi, to establish trade of anthropology. The bridge between the relations with the Spaniards then in Texas "known" and "unknown" is made possible and New Mexico. This study proposes a lo- by identification of the village location of cation for the site of this structure built in a historically recognized people with an ar- an Upper Nasoni village above the Great Bend cheological site component that gives evi- of the Red. Neighboring Caddo settlements dence of Euro-American contact. The sound- were described by the Frenchman in terms ness of the construct depends upon the skill that related to his post, so having postulated and care with which it is put together and where it was erected, this paper also suggests the amount of historic data and archeological the location of settlements of the Kadoha- material available (M. Wedel, 1976: 7-11). dacho, Upper Natchitoches, and the Nadsoo When this gap has been bridged, a relative or Natsoo ("Nanatsoho" in Hodge, 1907- chronology displaying cultural continuity of 1910, 2: 23). The basic source for data has great time depth, anchored to historic times, been La Harpe's 1718-1720 journal. -
American Indians in Texas: Conflict and Survival Phan American Indians in Texas Conflict and Survival
American Indians in Texas: Conflict and Survival Texas: American Indians in AMERICAN INDIANS IN TEXAS Conflict and Survival Phan Sandy Phan AMERICAN INDIANS IN TEXAS Conflict and Survival Sandy Phan Consultant Devia Cearlock K–12 Social Studies Specialist Amarillo Independent School District Table of Contents Publishing Credits Dona Herweck Rice, Editor-in-Chief Lee Aucoin, Creative Director American Indians in Texas ........................................... 4–5 Marcus McArthur, Ph.D., Associate Education Editor Neri Garcia, Senior Designer Stephanie Reid, Photo Editor The First People in Texas ............................................6–11 Rachelle Cracchiolo, M.S.Ed., Publisher Contact with Europeans ...........................................12–15 Image Credits Westward Expansion ................................................16–19 Cover LOC[LC–USZ62–98166] & The Granger Collection; p.1 Library of Congress; pp.2–3, 4, 5 Northwind Picture Archives; p.6 Getty Images; p.7 (top) Thinkstock; p.7 (bottom) Alamy; p.8 Photo Removal and Resistance ...........................................20–23 Researchers Inc.; p.9 (top) National Geographic Stock; p.9 (bottom) The Granger Collection; p.11 (top left) Bob Daemmrich/PhotoEdit Inc.; p.11 (top right) Calhoun County Museum; pp.12–13 The Granger Breaking Up Tribal Land ..........................................24–25 Collection; p.13 (sidebar) Library of Congress; p.14 akg-images/Newscom; p.15 Getty Images; p.16 Bridgeman Art Library; p.17 Library of Congress, (sidebar) Associated Press; p.18 Bridgeman Art Library; American Indians in Texas Today .............................26–29 p.19 The Granger Collection; p.19 (sidebar) Bridgeman Art Library; p.20 Library of Congress; p.21 Getty Images; p.22 Northwind Picture Archives; p.23 LOC [LC-USZ62–98166]; p.23 (sidebar) Nativestock Pictures; Glossary........................................................................ -
2016 Athens, Georgia
SOUTHEASTERN ARCHAEOLOGICAL CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS & ABSTRACTS OF THE 73RD ANNUAL MEETING OCTOBER 26-29, 2016 ATHENS, GEORGIA BULLETIN 59 2016 BULLETIN 59 2016 PROCEEDINGS & ABSTRACTS OF THE 73RD ANNUAL MEETING OCTOBER 26-29, 2016 THE CLASSIC CENTER ATHENS, GEORGIA Meeting Organizer: Edited by: Hosted by: Cover: © Southeastern Archaeological Conference 2016 TABLE OF CONTENTS THE CLASSIC CENTER FLOOR PLAN……………………………………………………...……………………..…... PREFACE AND ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS…………………………………………………………………….…..……. LIST OF DONORS……………………………………………………………………………………………….…..……. SPECIAL THANKS………………………………………………………………………………………….….....……….. SEAC AT A GLANCE……………………………………………………………………………………….……….....…. GENERAL INFORMATION & SPECIAL EVENTS SCHEDULE…………………….……………………..…………... PROGRAM WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 26…………………………………………………………………………..……. THURSDAY, OCTOBER 27……………………………………………………………………………...…...13 FRIDAY, OCTOBER 28TH……………………………………………………………….……………....…..21 SATURDAY, OCTOBER 29TH…………………………………………………………….…………....…...28 STUDENT PAPER COMPETITION ENTRIES…………………………………………………………………..………. ABSTRACTS OF SYMPOSIA AND PANELS……………………………………………………………..…………….. ABSTRACTS OF WORKSHOPS…………………………………………………………………………...…………….. ABSTRACTS OF SEAC STUDENT AFFAIRS LUNCHEON……………………………………………..…..……….. SEAC LIFETIME ACHIEVEMENT AWARDS FOR 2016…………………….……………….…….…………………. Southeastern Archaeological Conference Bulletin 59, 2016 ConferenceRooms CLASSIC CENTERFLOOR PLAN 6 73rd Annual Meeting, Athens, Georgia EVENT LOCATIONS Baldwin Hall Baldwin Hall 7 Southeastern Archaeological Conference Bulletin