THE BULLETIN OF THE ASSOCIATION FOR INDUSTRIAL ARCHAEOLOGY FREE TO MEMBERS OF AIA

limekiln excavations o Japanese mills o Farnham AIA Conference 2005

Although this was a Derbyshire conference, the criteria required to obtain listing - not only accommodation and proceedings were held over for lA sites but also for such places as the Taj the border at Nottingham University on 2-8 Mahal. There are now 812 in total, and the UK September. Mark Sissons, lan Mitchell and fellow has five of the 33 industrial sites. Peter Billson members of the Derbyshire lA Society deserve our spoke on 's textile mills, with particular A deepest thanks, and not forgetting Tony Parkes reference to Rykneild Mills, now being adaptively and Michael Messenger for their organisational re-used for accommodation. Finally, lan Thomas skills. fhanks also to lohn Brown for of the National Stone Centre talked on contributions to this report. We look forward to Derbyshire's extractive industries. These include the lsle of Man in 2006. Limestone and annual limestone output is now Honorary President 25 million tons. Also mentioned were gritstones, Prof Angus Buchanan sandstone quarries, stone slate quarries (for 1 3 Hensley Road, Bath BA2 2DR Roger Ford Chairman roofing), sand and gravel extraction, fluorspar, Prof Marilyn Palmer blue john and lead. Derbyshire had huge coal School ofArchaeology and Ancient History University The pre-conference seminar which concerned lA measures, most of which have been removed by of Leicestet LEI 7RH Vice-Chairman in the National Parks took place during the day of open-casting, along with ironstone and pottery l\/ike Bone Friday 2 September. The seminar revealed the very clay. 5unnyside, Avon Close, Keynsham, Bristol BS3l 2UL positive work now being undertaken by After lunch, in brilliant sunshine, delegates Secretary Barry Hood archaeologists from the National Parks, National had the choice of three visits: Swadlincote 7 Loch Way, Kemnay, Inverurie, Aberdeenshire AB51 5QZ Trust, English Heritage and other bodies, and a potteries, Belper mills and Strutt housing, or Treasurer report included issue Heage and Morley Park ironworks. The Richard Hartree will be in the next of /4 windmill Stables Cottage, Sibford Fenis, Banbury 0X1 5 5RE News.Ihe main conference started in the evening main attraction on the Swadlincote tri0 was lA Review Editor when delegates were welcomed by Marilyn Sharpe's Pottery which closed in 1967 after Dr David 6wyn 1 82 1. Nant y Felin, Llanllyfni Road, Pen y Groes, Palmer; Professor of Industrial Archaeology at manufacturing on various sites since Their Caernarfon LL54 6LY Leicester University and Chairman of AlA, before main market from the 1860s was water closets lA News Editor lan Mitchell gave an overview of the lA of and sewerage systems (they supplied Thomas Dr Peter Stanier 49 Breach Lane, Shaftesbury Dorset 5P7 8LF Derbyshire, mentioning the main sites to be Crapper & Co.). The source of the clay was from Aff iliated Societies Off icer visited during the week. Two members' the coal seams. Listed bottle kilns were also seen Prof Ray Riley contributions followed: Derek Brumhead on the at Gresley Common. 8 Queen's Keep, Clarence Parade, Southsea P05 3NX Conference Secretary site which features the millennium The Belper trip featured Jedediah Strutt's Tony Parkes walkway through the gorge, and Barry Hood on fireproof North Mill of I804, part of the World 60 School Lane, Hill Ridware, Rugeley WS'l 5 3QN the Otago gold field in New Zealand, with Heritage site, and listed Grade 1. The great weir Endangered Sites Officer Dr Mike Nevell particular attention to sites along the Karawarau complex of 119611 originally powered the mills University of Manchester Archaeology Unit, University Gorge. here. In striking contrast alongside is the East Mill ol Manchester,0xiord Road, Manchester Ml3 gPL Saturday commenced with a lecture by Mike Synthetic yarn production (with Librarian and Archivist oI 1912. John Powell Kaye on the World Heritage electricity) only finished at the beginning of this c/o IGMI lronbridge, Telford, 5hropshire TF8 7DQ Site, which was designated in 2001 and extends year at Belper, in a 1960s mill. The party was Publicity Officer guided ionathan Briggs from Derby to Matlock Bath. He first defined the around Strutt's workers' housing which 46 Anowsmith Drive, Stonehouse GLl0 2QR conditions attached to this desiqnation, and all dates from the 1 790s. Recording Awards Officer Dr Victoria Eeauchamp 3 Parsonage Court, Parsonage Crescent, Walkley, Sheffield 56 5BJ 5ales Officer Roger Ford Earn Cottage, Bridge street, Bridgnorth vW15 6AF Council Members David Alderton (Heritage Link) Christine Ball Dr Robert Can (8A Awards) Dr Paul Collins (Partnerships) Tony Crosby David Lyne (Conseruation Award) Michael Messenger Dr Mary Mills Dr lVliles 0glethorpe (TlCClH) Paul 5aulter (E-FAITH) Honorary Vice-Presidents Sir Neil Cossons John Hume Stuart B. Smith Liaison Officer Simon lhomas AIA Office School ofArchaeology andAncient History University of Leicester teicester LE1 7RH t 0'l'16 252 5337, Fax: 01 16 252 5005 e-mail: [email protected] uk Website: vvwwindustrial-archaeology.orq,uk

COVER PICTURE A non-AlA member admires a nisty during the conference visit to Derbyshire (see page 4) Photo Michael Messenqer Iong Row in Strutt's village at Belper, with terrace ofstone houses dating from 1792-l Photo Peter Stanier

2 INDUSTRIAL ARCHAE)L)GY NEW, 135 Heage windmill, erected in 1792, has been superbly restored from an empty shell. In 1995 the county council hatched a plan to restore the mill to working order, at a cost of around f400,000 with grants from HLt, WREN and EH, and in 2004 grain was again milled after an 80- year lapse. Morley Park ironworks features two fairly complete blast furnaces, well vitrified, now standing on a prominent hillock because the entire area around has been open-casted. After the conference dinner the AIA Awards were presented including publication awards for the Staffordshire lA Society's journal and the Society for Lincolnshire History & Archaeology's gazetteer of sites. Unfortunately, the main fieldwork and recording winners were unable to be at the conference to receive their award, but the initiative award was presented to the Norfolk lA Society for their work on the production of Thermos flasks in Thetford, and the student award to a Birkbeck College adult education class for their work on an Easton & Amos steam engine 0n the guided tour around Jedediah Strutt's nill village at Relper Photo: Peter Stanier and its associated equipment on a model farm at Wrotham Park near Potter's Bar in Hertfordshire. On the Sunday morning the initiative and student fieldwork award winners gave short talks on their recording work on the 1964 Thermos factory and the Wrotham Park engine. These were followed by Keith Falconer who summarised current developments by English Heritage, whose recent acquisitions include Ditherington flax mill at Shrewsbury the block mills at Portsmouth dockyard, and Chatterley Whitfield colliery. English Heritage is also involved with diluting the barmy mass demolition policies of the government, and the creation of a conservation area in Birmingham's jewellery quarter to encourage regeneration. There followed the AGM of the Association, with the election of Council officers, a presentation of the future strategy from Barry Hood, Secretary and a report on finances by Treasurer Richard Hartree. Dates for next year include the lronbridge weekend, on 8-9 April; AIA Alsace trip, April 74-29; A|A-sponsored Brunel Trent lock at the end of the Erewash Canal Photo: Michael Messenger 2006 celebrations in Bristol 3-9 July; and the annual conference on the lsle of Man, 9-10 September, with the next AGM set for 10 September 2006. Dr Mike Nevell concluded the morning by delivering the Rolt Memorial Lecture entitled 'lndustrial Archaeology or the Archaeology of the lndustrial Period? Recent Trends in Industrial Archaeology Research'. The essential theme was the need for many industrial archaeologists to move away from the study of processes to the wider awareness of the place of any particular industry within its social and landscape environment. Mike gave us many illustrations of the new approach to industrial archaeology, and recommended a number of books that incorporate the new research. There ended the official conference. That afternoon one trip visited Derby's 1839 roundhouse (so small by later standards), then a walk over the station (rebuilt to 'supermarket style' in 1985), followed by a coach tour of various railway sites around the city, including the Exploring the jungle at Summerley, where most of the 48 coke ovens are intact Photo: Steve Dewhirst

INDUSTRIAL ARCHAEOLOGY NEWS 135 3 huge GNR goods warehouse and adjoining hydraulic engine house, and the only works in the country still building rolling stock (Bombadier transportation, ex Metro-Cammel). Those visiting Long Eaton and Shardlow saw tenement lace manufactories. on either side of the canal. These buildings are still in use for industrial purposes. Next, to the MR sheet stores at Trent Lock basin, where all the railway's tarpaulins and sacks were stored and repaired, employing 200 at the turn of the twentieth century. The site retained its former buildings when redeveloped in the 1960s. Finally, Shardlow canal port was visited. The third trip went to the picturesque site of Darley Abbey, where the 1783 Long Mill, rebuilt after a fire in 1 788, is now let out to various business uses. Here there is a weir on the Denryent, riverside walks and the only remaining bit of the 'abbey' being a licensed hostelry. Housing at Darley Abbey was also examined. Next, to view Rykneild Mills in Derby, now converted to student accommodation. Restored horse gin at the Magpie lead nine Photo Michael Messenger 0n Sunday evening Lynn Willies gave a talk on lead mining in the Peak, with the emphasis on Magpie Mine, which opened in the 1690s, probably didn't show a profit until 1819 and finally finished in 1953, killed off by cheaper Australian lead and a big fall in demand. However, one mine still works for fluorspar and two are due to start for barytes. Monday's two visits both encountered poor visibility because of low cloud! Those on the mining trip started in the museum (centrepiece of PDHM5) and the Temple Mine at Matlock Bath, followed by the Magpie Mine and excavations at High Rake Mine near Great Hucklow. The second party visited Caudwell's Mill at Rowsley, owned by the Duke of , and leased in 1874 to the Caudwell family, who worked it until 1 978. A charitable trust restarted milling in 1981. The mill contains a very diverse collection of milling machinery, all superbly explained and maintained, and the complex has a caf6, craft workshops and a smithy. From there to the Hope Cement Works, with lunch in the canal basin and wharf Photo: Steve Dewhirst canteen. Using the coach, the party saw the well concealed but massive quarry where limestone is gouged out for burning into cement, lt first goes through a crushing mill and thence by conveyor belt for more than a kilometre to the kilns. The works produces 1.3 million tonnes of cement a year, or 10% of the UK total. There are two rotary kilns, each 70 metres long. Coal consumption is supplemented by burning waste tyre chips, ton for ton, to produce the required 1,450 degrees C temperature. Both trips met up for an evening at the National Tramway Museum at , where we dined sumptuously in the Red Lion after enjoying conducted tours of the depot and a ride on an ex-London Transoort double-deck car. One of Tuesday's field trips went to Cromford for a tour of the main mill and site. After lunch delegates dispersed to one of two sites. One was Masson Mill, part of which has been adaptively re-sued as a (free) car park, whilst the original part houses a museum and retail village. The other was the Lumsdale Valley, with a conducted tour taking in the remnants of eighteenth and A study in cement Silos and conveyors at the Hope cement works Photo Steve Dewhirst

4 INDUSTRIAL ARCHAE)L)GY NEW, 135 Viewing the twin rotary cenent kilns at Hope Photo, Steve Dewhirst These fans are used to cool the exterior of one of the rotary kilns at Hope cement works Photo Peter Stanier

On the roller nill floot at Caudwells Mill Photo: Peter Stanier The Midland Railway Sheet Stores and canal basin at Long Eaton Photo: Michael Messenqer

Museum Pleasley Pit was opened in t 873 by the Stanton lron & Coal Co and rebuilt in | 922. The A London waits to receive AIA passengers at the Crich National Tramway winding engine remains Photo. Steve Dewhirst Photo: Michael Messenqer

INDIJSTRIAL ARCHAEOLOGY NEWS 135 5 nineteenth-century waterpowered mills. The area is leased to the Arkwright Society who have carried out stabilisation work and dredging of the system's biggest millpond (a flooded quarry). Beside the stream are stone cottages, originally converted from a smelter and wheelpits having the deepest tailraces I have ever seen. Mill building started in the seventeenth century; the last, a bleachworks, closed in 1 929. At the bottom of the valley are remains of a stone tramway. The alternative triD took in the National Stone Centre near Wirksworth, which features the Millennium dry stone wall, each part built in the style of every separate county in England; then on to Middleton Too on the CHPR where the 1829 winding engine was turned over by compressed air. lt hauled wagons up the incline until 1963 and is the last remaining railway winding engine still in its original house. After a visit to the interpretative centre at High Peak junction (the foot of Sheep Pasture incline), the visit terminated at the Cromford Canal's Lea Wood pumping The handsone Red lion pub, now restored at the National Tramway Museum Photo: Michael Messenoer house, which was featured on the cover of /A 'l News | 28. The 849 engine has been restored to steaming condition by the Canal Society and the Middleton Top engine group. lt had been the most glorious sunny day. In the evening, Philip Riden discoursed on industrial housing in the coalfield. Wednesday offered North-East Derbyshire, or the Erewash valley. The first trip started at Pleasley Pit, where volunteers have restored the twin-cylinder north winding engine of 1904, once derelict in a roofless house. They are now working on the 1 922 south engine. From there to Bolsover, to view the model village built by the colliery company to provide 'Coronation Street'-style living (lots of locals came out to stare), and then into Chesterfield to tour Clayton's tannery. Thai water buffalo skins being'processed' spent 12 weeks passing through very dubious-looking liquors contained in tanning tanks used continuously since 1875, then progressing to become very high quality leather; amongst whose uses are the making of every cricket ball used in UK test matches. The trip concluded with a wade lnside the 's 1839 engine roundhouse in Derby Photo: M ichael Messenger through waist-high nettles at Unstone, where resides a bank of 48 back-to-back coke ovens in various states of dereliction, the colliery having closed in 1884. The Erewash valley tour started with a walk in llkeston, viewing railway and textile sites. 0n to visit the Midland Railway centre at Butterley, hosted by their archivist, where dwells the superb double-frame Kirtley 2-4-0, which in its last days worked as Birmingham New Street pilot, under BR ownership. Attendees rode on the nanow gauge line, built in the trackbed of the Butterley company's internal railway, a re-working of the original horse-drawn tramway. The restored company houses of 1 790 were visited next - to be stared at by the inhabitants! The tour finished at the mid-nineteenth century model village of lronville, complete with cast-iron street nameplates made in the works. The county also boasts a Coalville and a Woodville. For the final evening lecture Janet Spavold talked on the pottery industry. A fourteenth- century tile kiln has been discovered recently on Tanning pits at the clayton tannery Photo'Steve Dewhirst

6 INDUSTRIAL ARCHAEOLOGY NEWS 135 Clearing river weed prior to stafting up the turbines at Group at Caudwells Mill. The AIA had a full tour of the The recently restored Heage windmill milled grain for the Caudwells Mill roller nill first time in 80 years in 2004 Photo. Steve Dewhirst Photo: Steve Dewhirst Photo: Michael Messenaer the Harpur-Crew estate at . These Mark Sissons and lan Mitchell around the Ticknall were let loose in the heritage trust museum, kilns and their later derivatives were used at limeyards and route of the 1802 tramway which where an enormous collection of aero engines Calke until 1939, when they were thought to be the Calke Abbey estate subsequently acquired. and some Armstrong Siddeley cars are on view. in danger of guiding German bombers with their Kilns in various states can be found and, of Finally, we visited 'Marble Hall', Rolls Royce's flames. The cholera and typhoid epidemics from course, everyone marched through the tramway's Nightingale Road factory centrepiece which was the 1830s onward were the big fillip to the cut-and-cover tunnel, built so the abbey's rebuilt in I938 to impress important customers. lt industry and Janet then showed slides of ornate occu0ants didn't have to see it. After this contains a very f ine stained glass window and early water closets. An automatic flushing excellent excursion, the remainder of the day was commemorating the company's war dead. device was incorporated early on, to avoid having spent at the Rolls Royce aero engine factory. A 5o ended an outstandingly good conference, to teach the common labouring classes how they 'heritage'section contains examples of the with first rate accommodation, excellent food worked. engines that achieved notable advances in the (and plenty of it), memorable works visits, and The last day saw us all enjoying conducted aviation field, and normally the Silver Ghost AX even the weather clerk co-operated. walks by the main local conference organisers 201 lives here. Following an explanatory tour, we AIA Annual ALSACE AWAITS Conference ZOOG AIA SPRING TOUR on the Isle of Man 24 - 29 APRIL 2006 based at Douglas 8 14 September 2006 A guided coach trip in this delightful part of - France based on Strasbourg, including a visit Details when available from to Mulhouse. For further details please contact AIA Liaison Officer Paul Saulter, 80 Udimore Road, Rye, (address on page 2) Sussex TN3l 7DY

INDUSTRIAL ARCHAEOLOGY NEWS 135 7 Industrial Archaeology in Antarctica

Tourism to the Antarctic Peninsula, South Argentinean military forces invaded South interesting museum. The Noruvegian-style church Georgia and the Falkland lslands is fast Georgia at Grytviken, a short walk from the has also been repaired and the cemetery with developing. lt is now relatively easy, for a price, British administrative base at King Edward Point, Shackleton's grave, has been tidied up. In general, to spend tine following in the footsteps of they did a fair amount of damage. Once they had the other buildings have been removed, leaving explorers, scientists and whaling industry been ejected, the British military were in sole what remains of the plant exposed to the workers who, until recent years, were the only occupation of the island till 2000. During this elements. Diesel generator sets, water turbines, people to visit this cold, inhospitable but very period, they conducted training exercises leading steam boilers, blubber and meat cookers, whale beautiful paft of the world. Many may think that to further damage including the burning to the oil separators are sitting in the open. Over the the wildlife and scenery are the principal water-line of the American-built wooden barque years these items had already lost all their bits, attractions but there is much to fascinate those Louise. She was built in 1869 and came to the including builder's plates and every bit of non- interested in the remains of an industry. island as an accommodation vessel during first ferrous metal. The flensing plan has been covered construction of the Grytviken station in 1910. in gravel and the three whale catchers, two of John Porter The military have now gone and which had lain partly sunk for many years, have administration is in the hands of the civilian been pulled further ashore and are upright. They Even after the advent of pelagic factory ships, the Government of South Georgia, They are trying to are in very poor condition and are not accessible. processing of whale carcases was still undertaken develop tourism in a caring, controlled and safe The total cost of all this work must have been at shore stations, and both systems needed way, while recognising the attraction of the several million pounds. substantial installations for maintenance and remains of the abandoned stations. However, It is thus clear that the situation of all these repair, supplies and storage. Although some they have two problems. Whale processing, and stations is rapidly declining one way or another. transfer of plant took place as stations closed surviving the climate, called for vast quantities of Nothing stands still in that climate but we can, at down, much of the infrastructure was just heat all round the station. Steam heat was least, get some feel for what was there at abandoned. The three final stations on South distributed in a pipe system from central boiler Grytviken. This impression is enhanced by the Georgia, which lasted to the mid-1960s, were left plants but, in common with any plant of this era, availability of a number of books with fascinating ready for the following season - but it never the insulating material was asbestos. The second photographs of the whaling stations in full happened. Reduced returns from selling the oroblem is the weather. Until one has experienced production, but they are just that, a selective product, combined with the folly of destroying a katabatic gust, one has no real idea of the force picture book account. No fully comprehensive the supplies of raw material, meant that the that such a wind can exert. The buildings have and accurate survey of the stations was available. Antarctic whaling industry lasted only 60 years. wooden frames clad in corrugated sheet steel. The need was recognised in Norway in the 1 980s Even now nearly 50 years later, there is no The wind soon finds a weak point, allowing rain and three extended field trios were made to the evidence of the blue whale population and snow to get at the timber and the fastenings. island between 1989 and 1997, financed by the recovering, though other species, such as the The buildings are falling down and the thought of Nonruegian Research Council. hump-back, are obliging enough to put on a show meeting a sheet of flying steel at waist height is The results of this work have now been for passing cruise ships In the Gerlache Strait. definitely off-putting. At all stations except published in a book by Bjorn Basberg, The Shore When whaling ended, there were six whaling Grytviken, the government's solution has been to Whaling Stations of South Georgia - A Study in stations extant in South Georgia. One of the completely prohibit approach within 200 metres Antarctic lndustrial Archaeology. lt is a well- largest, at Leith Harbou[ was owned by the of the buildings. As landing from cruise ships is produced hardback of 225 pages, with detailed British company Christian Salvesen. lt was this only under strict supervision, this ban is descriptions of each station and many shots of company's negotiations with an Argentinean observed ! the current or recent scene in colour. The history salvage contractor that led to the latter's illegal Grytviken and adjacent King Edward Point is not neglected and there is good coverage of landing on the British territory of South Georgia and are the only regularly lived-in places on the how the place used to be and what it was like to and triggered the Falklands war of 1 982. Prior to island. The decision was made to allow visitor live and work there. Each site was surveyed in that, the stations, fully stocked with engineering access to the whaling station after the asbestos detail, using photogrammetry supported by spares of all types, had been a ready source of was removed and the buildings made safe. The theodolite surveys. Each building was surveyed such material for passing ships. When the manager's house was restored and is now a very internally in detail to establish what was inside -

Babcock & Wilcox sectional header boilers at Grvtviken Photo: John Porter Mirlees diesel generator sets on the site of the old Grytviken power station. Seals and anoraked visitors are in the hackaround Photo: lohn Poftel

8 INDUSTRIAL ARCHAE1L)GY NEWS 135 The meat processing plant at Grytviken Photo: John Poner fhe old sealing vessels Diaz (L) and Albatross (R) dragged ashore and well and truly grounded at Grytviken Photo: John Pofter

rooms, functions and fixed machinery. Finally, volcano and was very popular from the 1 91 0s as station was but there remains a building used as everything was photographed inside and outside, a base for factory ships which processed the a hanger (post-dating Wilkins), a living block of all shots including scale objects. The result is an whales in the water. For this they needed calm very Nonivegian origin and a collection of tanks, absorbing book even for those who haven't been conditions and an ample fresh water supply, both boilers and winches. The remains of a floating to the island. lt really does give a wonderful of which were found in the caldera, surrounded dry-dock emerge from the black sand of the picture of the place. The whole is written in by a ring of hills. The entrance through a gap in beach. Over on the Antarctic mainland, a penguin impeccable English the ring, known as Neptune's Bellows, is very and seal spotting trip in the small craft used for The debate about conserving the whaling dramatic. landing on beaches circumnavigates the wreck of stations and the justification for spending the This is the island where Sir Hubert Wilkins a ship destroyed by fire in 1912 while processing money could go on for a very long time. made the first flights in Antarctica in 1928 and whale carcasses alongside. Corrosion of the Undoubtedly buildings will collapse, the lighter 1 929. He even landed an Austin car to run about steelwork has been slow but not a piece of non- equipment will rust away slowly. Just how slowly in, while he lodged in comfort in a former ferrous metal was visible. will be realised by seeing the remains of the much passenger liner converted to extract oil from ls it worth the journey? Well, it certainly was older station on Deceotion lsland in the South whale carcases. A shore base was built to take for me. lt is a very tough world set in very rough Shetlands and the nearby wreck of a floating the blubberless carcases and extract more oil seas, but fabulous to see and experience. There is factory ship. Deception lies just off the Antarctic from the meat and bone. Volcanic activity has not much to see for those interested in industrial Peninsula in mainland Antarctica. much further ceased at Deception lsland and a lava flow has history. Even the scientists are taking up catering south than South Georgia. lt is a fairly quiescent covered much of the flat oround where the to tourists. The old British research base at Port Lockroy has an interesting pair of Enfield generators from the post-Wwll period plus electronic instruments of the day; all defended by a large crowd of very interested penguins. Given the circumstances and the dangers to casual visitors to the whaling stations, I feel we should be grateful to the Government of South Georgia for making Grytviken accessible, albeit in a severely altered way. lt is difficult to suggest what else they could do. But if you can't make the trip, or don't fancy being sea-sick to get there, at least read Bjorn Basberg's book, The Shore Whaling Stations of South Georgia - A Study in Antarctic lndustrial Archaeology, Novus Forlag, Oslo, 2004, ISBN 82-7099-394-8. lt is available from the Whaling Museum in Sandefjord, Norway, www. hva lfan gstmuseet. no.

The Grytuiken museum has the factory whistle from the Pelton wheel turbines on the baseplate of the old power Stromness station lt was this whistle that Ernest station at Gryuiken Water is spraying from leaks in the Shackleton heard after crossing the mountains fron the supply pipe coning down from the dan west side ofthe island at the end of his epicjourney to get Photo John Pofter help for his crew Photo: John Pofter

INDUSTRIAL ARCHAEOLOGY NEWS 135 9 AIA AWARDS Don't miss out on f500 Reward

The AIA, in conjunction with an AI I' Publications Dorothea Restorations Ltd. offer an annual award of f500 and a Award in 2006 handsome Plaque to the project considered the best of that years The AIA wishes to encourage local societies to entfles.

publish IA material to a high standard. There To be eligible for entry projects must be concerned primarily are three awards available, for the publication with the conservation of a site or object of industrial, of journals, occasional books or leaflets, and agricultural or domestic archaeological interest. for newsletters. It's very simple - all you have Initial expression of intent to submit a detailed application is which can be to do is submit your entry by 31 March 2006 achieved by completion of a simple Questionnaire, obtained from the award co-ordinator, David Lyne, 10 Somerville and the judges will do the rest. Please contact Road, Leicester, LE3 2ET, Phonefax 0116 29 19 106. e-mail the Liaison Officer for more details (address [email protected], who will also ensure that you receive a on page 2). full copy of the rules and award information. Entry for an Award is made by completing the questionnaire. followed by a detailed submission at a time declded by yourselves. Applications received before the end of April 2006 should be in time to be considered for the award fbr that year. Applications received after this date mav have to be deferred until the following Ar I Essay Awards year. The winner will be notified by 3l July, in time to arrange for Two prizes are available - a general prize and representation at the AIA conference in August or September, at a student award. Essays must be submitted by which two places, one of which is complimentary, will be reserved, for presentation. 31 March 2006, but first contact the Liaison the Officer for more details (address on page 2). DO NOT DELAY. BNTER TODAY!

I/)\ '{\\ '

4IA,,4,r,, nn,,rS Promoting the study and apprec'iation of industrial archaeology ANNOUNCING THE THREE FIELDWORK ANT) RECORDING AWARDS FOR 2006

The AIA Fieldwork Award scheme exists to encourage recording of the physical remains of the industrial period to high archaeological standards. The awards are open to both amateur and professional held workers, and have been operating successfully for over a decade. Work submitted may already have been published or, if not, entrants may be encouraged to publish.

As well as the main award there is also the Initiative Award for innovative projects, e.g. those from local societies. To encourage the future industrial archaeologists, there is also a Student Category.

THE CLOSING DATE FOR ENTRIES IS lST MARCH 2OO6

Successful Entries will be notified in July The successful authors will be invited to attend the AIA annual conference in Douglas to collect their award in September

Further details from: Fieldwork and Recording Awards, AIA Liaison Officer, School of Archaeological Studies, The University, Leicester, LEI 7RH

1O INDUSTRIAL AR.HAE)L)GY NEWS 135 AIA NEWS

AIA Fieldwork and and 1859 by George Stevens Byng, gazetteers. More details can be who do not normally come to probably one of the last following found in the review in lA News 132. conference the Recording Awards 2005 may find industrial princlpals as advocated by Spring 2005. attractiveness of the lsle of Man an There were four entries for this such publications as Loudon's No award was made for incentive to join us ! lf members year's awards. The Main Award Encyclopaedia of Agriculture. A newsletters this year. The wish to stay on longer, either before went to an excellently produced central feature of the farm yard was Publications Awards are aimed at or after the conference, we have Mountains and Orefields; netal the engine house which housed an encouraging local societies to negotiated that the same mining landscapes of nid and engine that could be used for publish lA books, pamphlets preferential room rates will be north-east by Nigel Jones, driving threshing and winnowing journals or newsletters to a high available. Mark Walters and Pat Frost of machines, grinding, bruising and standard. The AIA would very much There is plenty of competition in Clywd-Powys Archaeological Trust cake-crushing machines and saw like to receive more entries for 2006, airlines flying to the island with (CBA report 142, 2004 |SBN 1- mills. The Grasshopper engine at local society editors please note! flights from at least a dozen UK 902771-47-8). The report is an Wrotham Park, a variation of a airports. Booking early will be the accumulation of 10 years of beam engine, was supplied by lsle of Man 2006 key to securing the best prices. The research that significantly adds to Easton & Amos in 1856 for f890. 3s. lsle of Man Steam Packet Company the knowledge of these important The Association's Conference next 6d. The report gives details of the year sails from and Heysham mining regions. A summary of the will be held on the lsle of Man engine recorded historical return year was as in and based in Douglas. The dates will and the fare this history mining is followed by a of documents as well as the results of I understand the rail be Friday 8 September to Thursday f30. combined detailed description and measured a field survey and 14 September. There is a wealth of and sail tickets are available from interoretation of sites in mid and drawings. London and Birmingham. north-east Wales. variety of industrial archaeology on the island A The final entry, from K.H. Dixon The AIA was founded on the lsle mining, mills, transport and techniques were used including air (student) - looked at'The rise and fall receiving of Man in 1973 and it is time we photography, surveys, tourism - and we are EDM of the Asbestos industry with special went back! excavations, measured building enthusiastic co-operation from local reference to Rochdale.' The essay Manx Full details will be sent out with recording and photography. Many of organisations, such as traces the development and history the February lA News as usual. plans photographs have National Heritage and the the and of the Asbestos Industry through the Michael Messenger been reproduced within the report. Deoartment of Tourism. firm of Turner Bros. Asbestos A final section of the reoort looks at The conference will be hotel Company, Rochdale. had been lt based using the Claremont Hotel as Internet lA management mining sites, the of established as a cotton weaving marginal the main venue where lectures and The editor would like to hear from many of which are in company in 1871 but by the 1960s gazetteers the AGM will take olace. anyone interested in submitting a areas. Finally there are of had become one the largest of Accommodation be piece lA-related sites and a glossary of mining terms. will also regular short on Asbestos textile manufacturers in Unfortunately, authors were not available at the nearby sister hotel, websites, reviewing their content, the the world. The essay also considers the Chester House, where room recommending good sites or able to attend the conference to Asbestos products especially those prices are a little lower. The options perhaps heavily criticising others. receive their award. used as packing and jointings for will be on the booking form next Please get in contact! The lnitiative Award went to engine and pumps, and also Archaeology February. The standard of hotels on Norfolk Industrial considers the health imolications of (NIAS) the island is very high but we have Society for recording the producing products. using and such been able negotiate oroduction of Thermos flasks in to room rates The Initiative and Student we expect the THE Thetford before the olant closed in so that the cost of VISIT Award winners attended the conference higher 2000. When Thermos Ltd decided to to be little or no conference dinner in Nottingham venues transfer production China, than our university-based AIA their to and gave short presentations on NIAS members were allowed to have been. their work on the Sunday morning. double WEBSITE enter the site film the orocess and Unlike universities, to Victoria Beauchamp rooms will be readily available and talk to staff, and the result is a www.industrial-archaeology.org. uk most fascinating video of the process and sharing a room will be the AIA Publications Awards economical way to attend. Partners a tape of an interview with an employee. An accompanying report 2005 (originally published in the Society Two awards were oresented at this Journal 2001) written by Peter year's annual conference. The Brown and Derek Manning gives a Publications Award winners were brief history of Thermos followed by Jim and Anne Andrews from the a description of the processes Staffordshire Industrial Archaeology needed to make a vacuum flask. Society for their recent journal There are also olans and which was devoted to the Sandon photographs of the site. Limekiln project. The project The Student Award went to a includes historical research, maps, group of adult students attending drawings and excavation results, evening classes in Industrial and is a good example of what local Archaeology at Birkbeck College, lA societies are able to oublish. hosted by the WEA of Cuffley and The 0ccasional Publications Barnet. The Steam Engine at Award went to Neil Wright for Wrotham Par,t (ISBN 0-90504236 0) Lincolnshire's lndustrial Heritage - a was written by Denis 5mith, lan Guide, which was published by the White, Nigel Picken and Brian Society for Lincolnshire History & and Anne Andrews the Staffordshire lndustrial Archaeology Soctety receive the Strong, and published by GLIAS. Archaeology in 2004 in a clear style Jin of Publications Award from AIA President Anqus Euchanan at the annual conference in Home Farm was built between 1855 similar to that used bv the AlAs own Nottinqham

INDUSTRIAL ARCHAEOLOGY NEWS 135 11 NEWS

The Battle of Saxby judgement. But the eccentric Earl in hand to provide a new direct that they would have the minimum would have none of this. and made service connection to Nottingham, structural form suggested by During Jenny Allsop's EMIAC 62 arrangements form mounted but with the problems presently Michael Trueman in hls limekiln lecture on Melton's lndustrial to a horse unit, using the estate's heavy with Railtrack. who knows when typology (lA News | | 2). Ihe kiln in History back in October 2001, she ploughing horses, plus installing battle may recommence? At least question, the Broadwood kiln, had a briefly mentioned about the Battle cannon which was acquired from his the new test track at Old Dalby, very definite and permanent form of Saxby, not to be confused with yacht, on the Canal currently being used by Virgin Trains, with a carefully stone-lined and the Battle of Bosworth, In the 1 840s, is providing a wonderful opportunity coursed bowl with a stone-built the developing Midland Railway towpath. 16 to maintain the railway tradition. stoke hole across the kiln base and Company, proposed a new rail route 0n the morning of railway John Briggs an external flue. The kiln was dated between Leicester, Syston and November 1844, the company made a small attack along by archaeomagnetic and artefactual via is not known if any evidence. and Stamford. This reouired the the towpath. lt Excavations of early of the cannons were fired, but the Five sites were excavated over purchase of land belonging to the limekilns a the summer of 2005, all showing the Earl Harborough resided at situation, which acted as of who course year a allowed the Over the of the distinctive penannular earthwork close The diversionary move, Stapleford Hall to Melton. community archaeology group has company to attack at another point form of a sow kiln and all of them Earl was already in dispute with the been excavating a number of early using over 1 00 men. These managed proved to be broadly similar to the Cottesmore and Belvoir Hunts. who limekiln sites in the Craven District to survey a considerable area before Broadwood kiln in having a distinct were banned from crossing his North Yorkshire the the mounted horse reached them. A of within bowl, some lined with stone, others estates. He was well known for his Yorkshire Dales National Park. One wall people nasty encounter followed, when having a compacted clay views on other invading his of the key aims of the project was to several of the railway men were revetted with stone. All had a similar property. Hence when the Midland demonstrate that proven late knocked out by a lock keeper known a stoke hole arrangement and Railway wished to survey the route, limekiln for his boxing skills. Aftenrvards, all seventeenth-century external flue. One of the sites had he erected notices, stating that'any excavated as part of a wider dig in Hell broke loose when 'The spikes of been modified at some point in its Railway Surveyors would not be 2003 was unique. The leader of the older open bowl being permitted, the Railway were driven into the life with the any trespass on his land, project, David Johnson, had been defenders of the Park.' (History of replaced with a nanow cone-shaped would be resisted by force.' Not an recording clamp kiln Midland Railway). Both sides sow or bowl inside it. This latter bowl was idle threat, as the first railway men the but earthworks across Craven, assuming also dated to the late seventeenth tried to begin the task of surveying. suffered many injuries, men 5o began a dispute which lasted for eventually the railway about three years: The Baftle of withdrew, leaving several prisoners, released the 5axby. who were later by The first group of Midland Earl's steward after their names were recorded. Railway officials and surveyors were '1845, confronted by many estate workers In the Spring Assizes of who defended the land stubbornly. Nvo cases of assault were heard employees were Several anests of railway men were when two railway made and they were taken under convicted of causing a riot and sentences were passed: a month in armed escort to Cold Overton Hall jail, plus I which is several miles east of a fine of one shilling. presume company paid the Melton to wait for the local the fines. In a further case, the Earl was Magistrate. He was not available, so they were then taken by cart to found guilty of causing assault, imprisonment, of Leicester Gaol. not Welford Road. wrongful and Fortunately several escaped when causing damage to the railway the cart overturned. company's equipment: a theodolite. pay f in The following day, battle again. He was ordered to 8 0amages. The railway company reinforced its year, numbers using its 'strong arm Later that in November navvies' and Lord Harborough 1845, several outbreaks of violence led company apply new mobilised extra men, plus erecting the to for a barricades. Needless to say blows Act of Parliament, to change the were exchanged, but before the route incorporating a severe curve, situation worsened, the police now known as Lord Harborough's today by anived and threatened to arrest Curve, which is still used modern turbo diesel freight and anyone guilty of assault. passenger services. Remains the Meanwhile, a party of surveyors had of managed to start their work but Oakham Canal can still be traced were discovered and had their alongside the present railway close to Melton, plus numerous examples equipment confiscated by the Earl. Later in the day another party of of ridge and furrow which have lain undisturbed since the days of the surveyors tried to force the barricade, but were discovered railway surveyors. Today cross- laying chains and forced to retreat. Melton is on the country rail route linking the west to The Midland Railway offered to connections at call a truce if the dispute could be the east, with Excavation of the Broadwood ktln in the Craven district of North Yorkshire l'his limekiln has Peterborough for Johnson settled by a local magistrate, who in Leicester and been dated to the late seventeenth centurv Photo: David travelling north and south. Plans are the 1 840s had oower to make

12 INDUSTRIAL ARCHAEOLOGY NEWS 135 NEWS century by archaeomagnetic the rivers are high in the mountains. techniques. There seem to be other minor These findings raise the reasons as well, such as the life of a question of what a sow kiln was: a mill is given as less than 100 years, primitive, unstructured bowl suggesting the use of unseasoned FilEW possibly used only once, or a wood, and a belief that a mill ENGNNEER]ING structured kiln used for multiole somehow abstracted the water, firings. Permission is being sought to leading to bans or restrictions in Preseruing Our Heritage For Future Generations carry out a final excavation in 2006 areas where there was extensive of a site with identical surface form inigation. Our dedicoted 35 strong teom provide in a shallow moorland valley in the The primary use for Japanese northern Dales called Sowkiln Gill watermills seems to be to raise turnkey solutions in the Heritoge including on the First Edition 6-inch Ordnance water for irrigation, using a form of Mechqnicol Engineering Survey map. This will surely settle scoop wheel (noria) with integral the issue. buckets. The water is only raised a Architecturol Metolwork Two of the kilns excavated. in foot or two, from the canal to the Timber Engineering different parts of Craven, were paddy field, and modern versions found completely full with their last are usually made of stainless steel. Technicol Consulting firing. The limeburners had gone to Many of the mills using water Conservolion Workshops the trouble of getting the stone, as a power source employed a sort breaking it to the required size, of turbine, stated by the book's Receni oroiecls : 2Oal l2OO2 filling the kiln and firing it, only to author to have originated in Japan. restorotion of world's oldest working walk away abandoning their kiln. The design is similar to an This raises the issue of why, and to Archimedean screw pump, but set STeOm engrne '| find nruo such kilns out of a sample horizontally and with the water 5m timber woterwheel construction of six must be extraordinary. driving the screw from which a newcomen engine technicol osessment A further two kilns had a drive is taken to the mill. At one time design & build of lorgest cosi iron structure mysterious burial within them. these were extensively used in erected in lhe lost 80 yeors Again, this is seemingly without Toyama Prefecture on the west parallel. In each case, after the kiln c0ast. 22-24 Cormyle Avenue, Glosgow, Scoflond, G32 |HJ had been abandoned, a partial Another local variant is a rice Tel +0044 t4t 76i 0007 Fox +0044 t4t 753 0583 burial took place of selected mill powered by a tipping bucket at [email protected] m www.herilogeengineering.com disarticulated frontal bones, the bottom of a small cliff IncorporabinB Walter MacFarlane & Companv Ltd including the skull, from a horse. lt connected by rope to a stamp in a was not the case that a carcass had workshop at the top. This is probably been thrown into a convenient hole. the most unconventional in the and nor had the bones had been book, but there are many other Securing a future from Assembly Government's Local thrown in to be dissolved or burnt oddities to delight the enthusiast, the past Regeneration funds, Countryside by lime. Both sets of bones had been including a miniature wheel in an Council for Wales and Ceredigion 'Spirit of the Miners' is placed within the stoke hole after it irrigation channel with an internal a f464,000 County Council. This project community regeneration project set had been cleaned out. One of the net to wash potatoes! An incense- development will provide all up by Ceredigion County Council in skulls was found in association with grinding mill is included and there sections of the local community west Wales. lt sets out to create an a tusk of a wild pig or boar, are examples of other uses such as with an opportunity to gain a identity for Northern Ceredigion increasing the mystery. The dreaded ceramics and saw-milling. There are greater understanding and using the legacy of metal mining as word'ritual' comes to mind. also a couple of windmills, one is appreciation of the history and theme regeneration. The Once the project has been the conventional metal wind pump a for culture of mining in the area. project will mainly focus on the completed, a full report will be but the other is almost a toy about The grant scheme will help human, social community oublished. two feet high, balanced on a single and create opportunities for tourism, aspects mining culture. In David Johnson pole and creating a vibration which of short, new jobs, community-led projects very reason many uplands drives away moles! the and new businesses. lts long-term villages exist. Meleri Richards, the Japanese Watermills The illustrated paperback aim will therefore be to oreserve the .lapanese Waternills by Kenjiro Project Officer appointed until Jaoanese watermills are different - memory of mining whilst creating Kawakami, 66pp, published by November 2007, will have the very different, as shown in a book by is an image that will become responsibility of developing and Kenjiro Kawakami. Surprising as it 0ffice Hans, 2-9-39, Hiro-o, Shibuya- synonymous with the area. The Tokyo, Japan 150-0012. (Price marketing this identity within the may seem in a country with a high ku, grant fund will only be available for produced area whilst also working with the average rainfall and steeply sloping ???). The book is well with projects that are associated with the local communities and businesses to rivers, little use has been made of text in Japanese and English. Colour Uplands metal mine heritage and develop potential projects. photographs and drawings illustrate the scope of projects that can the available water power. In part 'Spirit each mill and there is a most useful of the Miners' has potentially this is because the staple grain is be supported is wide, for created a grant scheme to provide rice. so there is not the need for an outline drawing of 68 varieties of instance, ideas however traditional, communities with an opportunity to industry. wooden water wheels the author modern or innovative may be extensive grinding projects has come across. is a be inspired to develop Although rice is processed it is by lt altogether initially considered. The project is using the theme of mining. This stamps, and rice mills resemble fascinating book and one which time limited and the grant fund is should be on every enthusiast's funding is made up of contributions small-scale versions of 'Cornish' ore mill now available on a first come first bookshelf. from European Objective 1 stamps worked by cams. Howeve[ As I said, Japanese mills serve basis. Therefore to re-word a are different! European Agricultural Guidance and 'We rice by its nature is grown on the flat Welsh saying: must ensure for Guarantee Fund (EAGGF), Welsh lower lands while the steep parts of Chris lrwin future generations the heritage that

INDUSTRIAL ARCHAE)L)GY NEWS 135 13 NEWS was once 0ur5.' Staffordshire bottle kilns. The other Sveaborg was the original name of have I sections marked'Middlesbro' Meleri Richards would like to buildings are constructed of bricks the fortress, but the Finns translated but it is assumed the main span is hear from any members of the and tiles made in the pottery itself that into Viapori, which was the Scottish. The bridge is in use but Association who may be able to and, although strictly utilitarian, name also used by the Russians. In with a weight limit. provide local knowledge, show ingenuity in making use of the 1 91 8 the fortress got a new name in Michael Gould photographs or other general materials at hand at a particular Finnish, Suomenlinna, 'The Fort of information that they think might be time, including those surplus to Finland'. lt has been a UNESCO Old chocolate useful to the project. Furthermore if customers' orders. The restoration World Heritage site since 1 991 . you have any ideas or suggestions preserves a rare example of a The sheer scale and extent of Terry's chocolate factory in York has on potential projects in the area or Victorian country pottery. the forlifications is ovenruhelming, closed and production is being require general information contact The Farnham (Building and there are many remaining transferred to Europe. The building, where 2,500 people once worked, a 01 545 574162 or e-mail: Preservation) Trust was founded in military buildings of great interest. offices, [email protected],uk. Further 1 968 and has restored a number of The large dry-dock is thought to be could be converted to information can also be found on buildings in the town. The the largest of its kind in the world housing or even a hotel. the website at www.spirit-of-the- restoration of the Farnham Pottery is and dates from 1 75 1. The docks are miners.org.uk, currently in its largest project, and will take a still used for industry including which is Olympic Games 2012 the process of being developed. number of years to complete. For wooden shipbuilding and repair, sail further details please visit the making and blacksmithing. London being chosen for the 2012 good website www.farnhamtrust.orq.uk. The many museums and visitor Olympic Games might be Farnham Pottery Award news for the construction industry centre are mostly open from 1 Oam The Suney Industrial History Group's to 5pm or 6pm. A visit should be hoteliers, would-be athletes and 2005 Conservation Award has been Suomenlinna - The made to the Suomenlinna Museum hopefully Britain in general, but it is presented to the Farnham (Building news for the local industrial lsland Fortress off to understand the military and bad Preservation) Trust for the industrial history of the fortress, archaeology. Already Stratford has Helsinki, Finland restoration of the kiln and with a viewing of the multi-media lost much of interest to AIA associated buildings of the Farnham The fortress Suomenlinna,'The show being a 'must'. The main HKL members and now in East London Pottery at Wrecclesham. The award Gibraltar of the North', is one of the ferry to Suomenlinna takes 15 even items listed Grade ll will be at in the world, Rivers was commemorated by the largest sea-fortresses minutes, and the islands are risk. Much of the Bow Back The presentation of a plaque, at a and is built on six islands. accessible at all reasonable times as area as we know it may well ceremony on 16th July, to Mr David building of the fortress started in around 850 people live on the disappear completely. Pay a visit Graham (the Trust's Chairman) by 1748 and for sixty years it was the islands as residents. For initial here and see what is left while there Prof. Alan Crocker (President, SIHG). largest fortress of the Swedish reading I recommend 'Look at is still time. The Trust purchased the Pottery kingdom. After the 1808-09 war Suomenlinna Sveaborg', Olof af Robeft Can including the one remaining kiln, in between Russia and Sweden, the Hdllstrcim. The estate of Olof af '1998 1 years from the Hanis family who fortress was for 10 a Russian Hdllstrrim, obtainable at the fortress ganison. End of Somerset shoes had owned it since 1872. The kiln fortress and Joint British and some bookshops In Helsinki. C. J. Clarks have closed their last and its sunounding building have and French navies bombarded it John Brown & been restored and accommodation extremely heavily on 9 August 1855 westcountry shoe factory at Dowlish group Crimean Ford near llminster in Somerset. created for the craft the West as a consequence of the Scottish ironwork in Street Potters. Much work remains War against Russia. Much damage Shoe-making finished at their main to be done to restore and convert was done but the Russians were Co. Tyrone site at Street in the same county the other buildings to provide allowed to retain possession of the With reference to the news from back in 1992 (this is now a popular accommodation for craft activities. fortress, and no landing took place. Scottish lronwork in lA News 134, shopping centre). The firm once had The kiln is a rare, possibly From 1917, the year of the pp 10-11, Bond's Bridge in County over 20 factories in Britain, unique, survival of a type similar to independence of Finland, it was a Tyrone is plated Alexe Finlay & Co. employing many thousands, but the medieval pattern, without the Finnish ganison until 1973 when Contractors Motherwell Bonds such has been the effect of foreign enveloping brick structure found in civil administration took over. Bridge 1895'. The approach spans competition that they now retain

Prof, Alan Crocker (right) presents the SIHG Conservation Award to David Graham, Rond's Rridge, Co Tyrone, was erected in 1895 by Finlays of Motherwell chairman of the Farnham (Building Preservatioil frust Photo: SIHG Photo: Michael Gould

14 INDUSTRIAL ARCHAEOLOGY NEWS 135 NEWS just one factory making K-shoes Sowerby Bridge Dragline open days recognition of the subject's near Barrow-in-Furness. Clarks importance. The new volume will warehouses The friends of St Aidan's BE 1150 came to Dowlish Ford Mill in 1965. present the current and original Two warehouses refurbished by Dragline are holding three open Its earlier history saw woollen and year research of these scholars, who British Waterways Sowerby days next when visitors can silk manufacturing until 1840 when at meet regularly under the auspices of Bridge Wharf Halifax won the examine closely the largest flax and hemp yarn were spun using in the International Committee for the Historic Environment award in the preserved walking dragline steam power. The factory spun yarn History of Technology. A pre- Waterways Renaissance Awards excavator in Western Europe. The in 1936 for the caroets of the new machine St Aidan's publication discount price of f41 .25 2005. lhe eighteenth-century Grade is at opencast Cunard liner Mary, but the for the c450-page hardback (ISBN 0 Queen site, Swillington, . The Listed buildings have been coal site was given over to making ll 7546 5259 9) has been offered by refurbished offices, artisan dates are 8 April, 1 7 June and 9/1 0 thermionic valves Standard for Bookpoint Ltd, Ashgate Publishing for Seotember 2006. For details contact workshops and a planned park, Telephones & Cables during the Secretary Dr J. Brown, Direct Sales, 130 Milton restaurant, while a dock has been the lvor 95 Second World War. Abingdon, Oxon, 0Xl4 45B, I retained as a boat repair yard for Manygates Lane, Sandal, Wakefield, 01235 827730. Quote reference Shire Cruisers. The f2.2 million WF2 7DL, or see the website 5C1 281 . Jan Verbruggen (1932- project was funded by British www. iarecordi n gs.org/drag I i nei. 200s) Waterways and Calderdale Metropolitan Borough Council, the Great Britain floats Dr Jan Verbruggen died on 30 May Explosive discount Heritage Lottery Fund and Yorkshire after a fighting long illness, and lust Gunpowder, Explosives and the again! Fonruard. a month after receiving his PhD. This State: A Technological History, One of the aims of a restoration work, based on correspondence in edited by AIA member Brenda J. project costing f 1 1.3 million has, the Boulton & Watt papers between Southend Pier aflame Buchanan, is to be published in hopefully, solved the problem of James and Watt and Jan Daniel A fire on the night of 9 october has February 2005. The technology of preserving the iron hull of the 55 Huichelbos van Liendet has oeen destroyed buildings including a pub gunpowder making has until Great Eritainin its drydock at Bristol. described as a 'milestone in the and railway station on the world's recently been neglected by The lower oart of the hull is sealed in history of steam technology.' Jan longest pleasure pier at Southend. historians, viewed especially by a dry atmosphere by a special glass Verbruggen was closely involved in The pier was built in 1889 with military historians as a 'given roof across the drydock. The dry air the restoration of the famous 144- subsequent extensions brlnging it to factor'. The earlier volume should prevent any moisture inch drainage pumping engine at a length of 1.34 miles. There were at Gunpowder: The History of an (created by the visiting publlc!) from Cruquius in the Netherlands, and least three serious fires in the lnternational Technology (1996), continuing to rust away the seriously was well known to many fellow second half of the twentieth arranged by the present editor; and conoded iron plates, while a thin members of the AlA. Newcomen century. lt is proposed to rebuild the with many of the same contributors, layer of water on the glass gives the Society and Trevithick Society. damaged section of the pier. marked a significant step in the appearance that the ship is afloat.

Mountains and Orefields - the 2005 AIA Fieldwork and Recording Award Winner

This year's Main Award winner was from a study of relict mining authors as 'a testament to human The detailed nature of the Mountains and )refields: netal landscapes in mid and north-east endeavour sometimes on an heroic ground survey, together with nining landscapes of mid and Wales undertaken by the three scale, but often with a view to short- extensive use of aerial photography, north-east Wales by Nigel Jones, authors and funded by Cadw: Welsh term gain and oblivious of its impact has enabled a much better Mark Walters and Pat Frost of Historic Monuments. uoon the natural environment' but understanding of the way in which Clywd-Powys Archaeological Trust Earlier studies of the metal which nonetheless 'have now the various sites develooed and (CBA report 142, 2004 |SBN 1- mining industry in Wales have become valued in their own right, functioned. The nature of the sites 902771-47-8). The book emerged tended to focus on the often meagre cherished for the human stories they varied considerably and while many surviving historical evidence of the have to tell and the lessons they have well-preserved stone buildings, industry or on the social history of have to teach.' others are now little more than a mining communities in mid Wales. The fieldwork which formed the complex of earthworks. Sites with Here, for almost the first time, the basis for the publication consisted better building preservation include emphasis is on the impact of the of detailed surveys of the more the likes of Nantiago, which has industry upon the landscape and on important and better preserved timber dressing floors suspended what the often complex physical mining landscapes in mid and north- above a stream, and Cwm Elan, remains surviving at ground level east Wales. The various structures where a full range of buildings have to tell us about the ways in and earthworks were all olanned survive from the main phase of which the ores were won and using digital total station surveying, activity. processed on site, which in the the survey software enabling a The book, which is richly words of the book 'represent a contour plan to be produced from illustrated with plans and aerial dialogue with the landscape and its the same data. In all, ten sites were photographs, will be of interest to resources that lasted for almost surveyed in mid Wales and a further all readers with a broad interest 5,000 years from the Bronze Age to five sites in the north-east, including Welsh landscape history as well as the early 20th century but which has a large-scale survey of one of the those with a specialist interest in now been largely concluded.' The best preserved mining landscapes at industrial and mining archaeology landscapes are viewed by the Eisteddfod. near Minera. and historv.

INDUSTRIAL ARCHAEOLOGY NEWS 135 15 REGIONAT NEWS

Wales Castlering Archaeology has been involved at tvvo contrasting sites of lA interest in Flintshire and Denbighshire during the last year. Between October 2004 and April 2005, historic building recording was undertaken on the site of the former Dee lron Works building on land off Boundary Lane, Saltney, Flintshire (5J 385648), which is to be demolished in advance of residential development. The site formed part of 5altney Marsh, prior to the canalisation of the River Dee and subsequent land drainage schemes. The site remained undeveloped until 1847, when with the advent of the railways, Henry Woods & Company established the Dee lron Works on the site. The lron Works is considered to be the first large-scale works to be established in Saltney, following the rail links established by the GreatWestern Railway, which made the transportation of heavy fhe Dee lron Works at Saltney, Flintshire Photo: Pat Ftost goods possible both by rail and ship. The lron Works were established by Henry Woods & Company, which The company received the prize lsambard Kingdom Brunel battleships and cruisers. The one the largest had been founded in 1780 in medal for their chain cables at the commissioned them to make three company were of Stourbridge. Great Exhibition in 1851 and in the large anchors for his Great Eastern employers in the district, employing The Saltney works were following year their Trotman's steamship. The Saltney works had over 500 men on times. The established for the manufacture of Patent Anchor won awards at the become something of a show-piece company also owned considerable cables, anchors, scrap hammered anchor trials at Hull Dockyards. A in the manufacture of anchors. property in Saltney, including 50 and used, forged iron, ship's windlass, later improvement on the Trotman During both world wars, the cottages, the Anchor Hotel castings, shovels, spades, anvils, was patented as Wood's lmproved company manufactured chain Wood Memorial School. The name immortalised vices, nails and all manner of chains. Solid Palm Anchor. In 1857, cables for the Admiralty, for company's was in streets such as Wood Street, Cable Street, Anchor Row and REG IONAL CORRESPONDENTS Chainmaker's Row. ln 1964, Henry Wood's Please support your Regional Correspondent by sending relevant material which may be of interest to our readers. Company was purchased by the Region 1: SCOTLAND Region 6:WALES Region 11: HOME COUNTIES Bradney Chain & Engineering Dr Miles Oglethorpe, RCAHMS, John Pat Frost, Castlering Archaeology, 6 Oxfordshire, Bedfordshire, Berkshire, Company, who transferred Sinclair House, 16 Bernard Terrace, Castle Ring, Pontesbury Hill, Pontesbury B uck in gha msh i re and Hertfordsh i re production to their Cradley Heath Edinburgh EH8 9NX Shrewsbury Shropshire SY5 OYA Henry Gunston, 6 Clement Close, workl causing the Saltney works to Wantage, Oxfordshire OXl2 7ED Region 2: IRELAND Region 7: WEST MIDLANDS close down in 1964. The entire Michael Coulter, Department of Shropshire, Staffordshire, West Region 12: SOUTH EAST premises were subsequently Environment, Historic Monuments and Midlands, Warwickshire, Hereford and ENGLAND purchased by the Chester Chain Buildings, 5-33 Hill Street, Belfast l Worcester Hampshire and lsle of Wighg Surrey, Company with the objective of lronbridge Gorge Museum Region 3: NORTHERN ENGLAND John Powell, Sussex and Kent servicing and testing pulley blocks, Trust, Coach Road, Coalbrookdale, Cunbria, Notthumberland, Tyne and Alan Thomas, 6 Birches Close, Epsom, chain slings etc under the Board of Telford TF8 7DQ Surrey 5JG. Email: a.h.thomas@ Wear. Durham and Cleveland KTl8 Trade Regulations. The Chester btinternet.com Graham Brooks, Coomara, Carleton, Region 8: Chain Company continues to occupy Carlisle, Cumbria CA4 0BU Derbyshire, Nottinghamshire, Region 13: WEST OF ENGLAND the first ironworks building built by Region 4: YORKSHIRE AND Lincolnshire, Leicestershire and Someset, Avon, Gloucestershire, Woods in 1847. Northamptonshire Wiltshire and Dorset HUMBERSIDE The historic building recording David Lyne, 10 Somerville Road, Mike Bone, Sunnyside, Avon Close, North, South and West Yorkshire and found that, although the surviving Leicester LE3 2ET Keynsham, Bristol BS18 lLQ Humberside building on site was considered to Derek Bayliss, 30 Muskoka Avenue, Region 9: EAST ANGIIA Region 14: SOUTH WESI be of particular historic, Bents Green, Sheffield 51 1 7RL Cambridgeshire, Norfolk, Suffolk and ENGLAND architectural and archaeological Essex Region 5: NORTH WEST Devon and Cornwall interest, the body of Wood's 1847 David Alderton, 48 Quay Street, ENGI.AND VACANT red brick building was now seriously Halesworth, Suffolk lP1 9 8EY Lancashire, Merseyside, Greater bowing, particularly on the south Manchester and Cheshire Region 10: GREATER LONDON side. The northern elevation is the 127 Drive, Roger N. Holden, 35 Victoria Road, Dr R. J. M. Can, Queen's 'showpiece' of the works displaying London N4 2BB Stockoort SKl 4AT a three-centred 'wagon arch'

16 INDUSTRIAL ARCHAEOLOGY NEWS 135 REGIONAL NEWS

towards the west end, now fitted maintained on site to record any with an opening metal door and features revealed by the proposed four surviving semi-circular headed worKs. DOR HEA arched entrances towards the east. During excavation of a level The semi-circular theme is continued platform base for the construction in the upper levels of the building of the new bridge on the northern REST \TIONS where a series of 'demi-lune' bank of the river; the original cutting openings are continuous along the for the tramline bridge was north. south and west walls. The observed. Slippage on the bank had continuous slate roof has a raised obscured this original cutting, giving apex on the east side, supported by the bank a more natural sloping a series of extended Queen post profile. Excavation for the new trusses, consisting of a tie beam bridge revealed a distinct near- CON from which two queen posts rise, vertical cut in the exoosed section. IC each carrying a side purlin. Inclined No other archaeological evidence MA blades rise from the tie beam to the was revealed. queen posts, which are jointed to a Pat Frost Recent contracts inc for an atmospheric mid-height straining beam. This railway, and a replica st ive. restoration of particular structural form was 18C lead sculptures, d gilding of the Albert presumably chosen to give greater Northern England Memorial bronze conservation work on height in the roofspace. The The Newcastle to Carlisle railway Turbinia. Lion. Sans Locomotion, and even machine-cut timbers have had metal opened for its full length in June the restoration of i ulic catafalque! braces fitted to increase stability. 1838, when it was the longest The shell of the building railway in Britain a distance of 60 remains much as it was in 1847, miles from its terminus at although several areas of the Gateshead to Carlisle. lt was also original brickwork have been the first railway to cross England 'patched' and repointed over the from east to west. The railway had a Northern Works: New last century to ensure continued junction with the Earl of Carlisle's use. Disused openings are boarded railway at Milton (Brampton Tel: (01663) 733544 F,ax: or brick-blocked and the main .lunction) which allowed coal and arched openings have been reduced lime from the Earl's works on the in size. The western end of the north Pennines to be distributed building has been altered and more easily. The nearest station to modern openings, with both metal Alston was Haltrruhistle, 12 miles and wood frames. have been away but the London Lead Company inserted below both timber and still claimed that carrying ore by steel lintels. The programme of road to either Haltwhistle or recording has ensured that a record Hexham and then by rail to theirs the Lambley to Hallbankgate section North Pennines and closed a few has been made of the building prior smelters they could save up to f800 of this route is being converted into years ago. The mine had two shafts to demolition. per year In transport costs. a cycleway by Sustrans. The route each with its own headframes In March 2005, an It was not long before the was built in stages between 1828 which were a distinctive landmark archaeological watching brief was proposal to build a railway up the and 1852 as the Earl slowly in the area and a visible reminder of made during the construction of a South Tyne valley to Alston was expanded his coal mining the fluorspar industry, replacement footbridge to span the proposed. The line from Halnruhistle operations to the east. lt eventually The scrap dealers who cut down Nant y Pandy stream at to Alston was opened in November connected to the Alston branch line and removed the smaller headframe Glyndyfrydwy, Denbighshire (5J 1852. The line uses 10 viaducts just west of Lambley viaduct. have been arrested, but the damage 147415). The bridge has replaced including the impressive Lambley It was over part of this line that is done and the headframe is lost. the former damaged slate bedded Viaduct which was restored by the Stephenson's'Rocket' ran after Earl The owner of the site would like to footbridge on the route of the North Pennine Heritage Trust back in of Carlisle bought it in 1837. The see the last headframe remain. But, tramway which once conveyed slate mid-1990s. This year has seen the route passes the sites of the various due to the remote location of the slabs from Deeside and Moel Fferna Trust take on the equally impressive collieries in the area including the site and its easy access from the Quanies downhill to Nant y Pandy viaduct at Haltwhistle, known to the pumping house mentioned in the road, a debate is ongoing as how to slate mill. The abandoned tramway locals as the Alston arches'. This six- report last year at Hartleyburn. The orotect it. is now in use as a public footpath arched viaduct carried the railway other major site passed by the Finishing this report is the sad which descends the deeply incised as it left Haltwhistle Station over the railway is the Tindale spelter works. news that Corus have announced Nant y Pandy valley in a south-north South Tyne. Unfortunately, the 0pened in 1845 by James Henry the closure of its rail plant at direction. Haltwhistle bypass on the 469 has Attwood. it closed in 1895. The site Workington. This will bring to the The tramway forms part of now cut the large embankment was reworked in the 1930s to re- end an industry based in west Scheduled Monuments DE 246. after the viaduct. 0nce restoration process the various slags on the site. Cumbria since 1872 when the West which comprises the slate quarry, of the viaduct is completed, it is Moving into County Durham, it Cumberland Haematite lron and tramway and slate mill, The proposed to open a circular walk is with regret that I have to report Steel Company first started to roll proposed works were granted over the viaduct from the station the illegal demolition and removal rails in the area. The closure will also scheduled monument consent by and returning via the riverside of the smaller headframe from bring to an end the major iron and Cadw: Welsh Historic Monuments, paths. Groverake (latterly Frazers Grove) steel industry in the area. with the proviso that an lf we return to the Earl of mine at Rookhope. This was the last Graham Brooks archaeological presence be Carlisle's railway, the trackbed of commercial fluorspar mine in the

INDUSTRIAL ARCHAEOLOGY NEWS 135 17 PUBTICATIONS

Local Society and other periodicals received coastal ports, from simple fishing harbours to the great industrial harbours built on coal export, and reflects on their industrial archaeology. Harbours Abstracts will appear in lndustrial Archaeology Review. also served quarrying and lime-burning. Great engineers were responsible for harbour developments, such as John Smeaton or John Rennie, but some Cumbria lndustrial History Society Bulletin, N0.62, August 2005 lesser and unknown men were also involved. The story of the ports and Dorset lndustrial Archaeology Society Eulletin, No.l3, September 2005 harbours is set within the context of the growing industrialisation of the GLIAS Newsletter,219 & 220, August & October 2005 county. Hampshire Mills Group Newsletter, N0.70, Autumn 2005 lndustrial Heritage,Yol.3'1, No. 2, Summer 2005 Windmills: A pictorial history of theh technology, by Rev Dr Richard L. Lancashire History Quarterly, Vol. 9, No.2, Summer 2005 Hills. Ashbourne: Landmark Publishing. 2005. 208 pp, 438 illus. ISBN 1 84306 Museum of Bath at Work Newsletter, Summer 2005 189 9. f2 t.99. Scottish lndustrial Heritage Society Review, No.42, Spring 2005 A large collection of photographs showing many aspects of windmills, Search: South Wiltshire lndustrial Archaeology Society Bulletin, their design and operation.Aspects include post, smock and tower mills, the No.82, September 2005 development of sails, corn milling water pumping, land drainage, saw mills, Surrey lndustrial History Group Newsletter, 146, July 2005 paper mills, mustard mills, oil mills and many more applications. Examples TICCIH Bulletin,29, Spring 2005 are taken from throughout Britain, the Netherlands and elsewhere. Yorkshire History Quarterly, Vol. 1 1 , No.l , August 2005

Books Received Short Notices The following books have been notified for review in lndustrial Archaeology The Canals, by Derek Pratt. Princes Risborough: Shire Review. Architecture of Publications.2005. 56 pp, 69 illus. |SBN 0 7478 06322.f5.99. lllustrated throughout in colour, Brunel in South Wales, Volume l: ln Trevithick's lracks, by Stephen K. this new Shire book looks at the Jones. Stroud:Tempus Publishing.2005.224 pp, 1 00 illus. ISBN 0 7524 3236 canal 2. f17.99. wonderful variety of structures England, Wales and South Wales has been largely overlooked as an area of interest relating in Scotland. There sections on to the works and activities of the famous Victorian engineer lsambard are bridges, aqueducts, locks, tunnels Kingdom Brunel, yet it was important in terms of engineering landmarks at and waterside buildings such as vinually every stage of his career. The first of three volumes, this book lock-keepers' cottages, workshops examines the achievements and legacy of Brunel in South Wales, where or pubs. The canals are brought up many of his engineering landmarks survive. lt first sets the scene with the date in the twenty-first century historic background of the Merthyr ironworks and Richard Trevithick. to with newly constructed aqueducts, locks, bridges, and the highly- A Georgian Gent & Co. The life and times of Charles Roe, by Dorothy acclaimed Falkirk Wheel. Many of Bentley Smith. Ashbourne: Landmark Publishing. 2005. 655 pp, 147 illus. the canals have been restored or tsBN ',l 84306 046 9. f25.00 maintained for pleasure boating, as This is the first academic work covering the life and business activities is evident in the pictures. There is a of Charles Roe, one of England's least recognised eighteenth-century industrialists. Born at Castleton in the Peak District, he moved to short list of olaces to visit. Macclesfield where he established a silk mill. He later made a fortune in Gloucestershire Pubs and Breweries, by Tim Edgell and Geoff Sandles. copper mining and smelting, discovering the vast copper deposit at Parys Stroud:Tempus Publishing 1td.2005.127 pp, illus throughout. lSBN 0 7524 Mountain on Anglesey and mining copper ore in Alderley Edge, Wales, 3524 8. f12.99. Yorkshire. the Lake District and even the Shetlands. The book sheds much This book the lmages England series has illustrations with light on the way of life in Georgian times. lt has many illustrations and an in of titles. Small local breweries were often more widespread than impressive index. explanatory is now realised and many towns and counties not considered as brewing ones had a surprising number. Gloucestershire is no exception. This book The History of Moston Colliery, Manchester, a Victorian super-pit,by covers both well-known examples and the small village ones, illustrating H.L. Holliday. Ashbourne: Landmark Publishing. 2005. 125 pp, 65 illus. ISBN people, processes and buildings. The latter include some good 'demolition' 1 84306 184 8. fl4.99. photographs which, from the industrial archaeologist's point of view are Flooded by inrushing waters, Moston Colliery was re-sunk to a high ideal as they show constructional details. standard in 1884. The mine closed in I950 and is now a fading memory the site having become a housing estate. This book traces the history of the colliery and describes mining methods and problems encountered. A 6uide to the lndustrial Archaeology of Derbyshire, ed. By Dudley Fowkes, Mark Sissons James Watt Volume 2: The years of toil, | 775-1785, by Rev Dr Richard and lan Mitchell. AlA. 2005. 60 pp, L. Hills. Ashbourne: Landmark Publishing. 2005. 256 pp, 50 illus. lSBN I 84306175 9.f26.99. 59 illus and 10 maps. ISBN 0 plus The second volume in an important new biography of the famous 9528930 8 8. f5.50, available 65p P+P from Roger Ford, AIA Sales inventor and industrialist, covering his move from Glasgow to Birmingham, Officer, Barn Cottage, Bridge Street, early engine trials, and improvements to the single-acting pumping engine, Bridgnorth, Shropshire WVI 5 6AF. turning it to a standard production design. Prospects and problems in the The conference Cornish copper mines are also covered, while there is an important section AlAs latest gazetteer has been compiled by the on watt's career as a natural philosopher. editors and other members of the lA Derbyshire Ports and Harbours of , by Stafford Linsley. Stroud: section of the Archaeological Society. They have Tempus Publishing. 2005. 224 pp, 65 illus. ISBN 0 7524 2892 6. f17 .99. managed to pack over 350 sites into This book considers the sometime turbulent historv of Northumberland's the pages, with a great variety of

18 INDUSTRIAL ARCHAE)L)GY NEW, 135 PUBLICATIONS

industrial types concerned, for example, with milling, textiles, mining and quarrying, canal, rail and road transport, engineerlng and public utilities This attractive little book is a must for anyone wishing to explore the county of Derbyshire. THE BOOK HOUSE

History of lronmaking, by John A. Ricketts The Association for lron & Steel The lcacling inclustrial alchaeology booksellcrs sincc Technology, 2000. 1 94 pp. ISBN 1 886362 48 3. Available only through the 1963 - books on all aspects of tcchnology & transport Al5T, 186 Thorn Hill Road, Warrendale, PA 15086 7528, U5A. [email protected] www aist.org Lrsrs rssuED - FnEg sEARCH sERVrcE Profusely illustrated with diagrams and illustrations, this book traces the evolution of iron making from ancient times through to Europe in the middle Otu' new, shop is t1ot4' opct1, ncur the top of thc ages, the evolution of the charcoal blast furnace and the eventual change to vi I lage street, utl joi ttirt g F a I lov,t''i c I d mineral fuel The chapter on the evolution of coke blast furnaces between 1 870 and 1 950 is of particular interest, as is the development of the science The Book House, Fallowfield, Ravenstonedale, of iron products making, iron and improvements in iron making from the Kirkby Stephen, Westmoreland CAlT 4NG Second World War to the new millennium. There is an extensive bibliography and a fascinating summary of iron making through the ages. The only Telephone and Fax: 0l-5396-23634 drawback is that it is heavily biased towards the USA, but overall it is a e -mo i l : ma i l(ai)thc bookhouse.co.u li volume of great interest to anyone involved in the history of iron making. Open daily except SLrnday & TLresday: l0arn-5prn The Way to the Stars - the Story of the Snowdon Mountain Railway, or visit our bookstall at rnanv IA conf'erences by Keith Turner. Llanrwst: Gwasg Carreg Gwalch.2005.96 pp, many illus. lSBN 0 86381 954 0 f6.50. 0btainable from:Gwasg Carreg Gwalch, 12 lard yr Orsaf, Llanrwst, Wales LL26 OEH, @ 01492 642031; fax 01492 641502; [email protected]; www.carreg-gwalch.co.uk lakeside village of Llanberis to the summit of the highest mountain in Wales. Climbing more than 3,100 ft (1000 m) in under five miles, the Snowdon The railway historian Keith Turner tells the story of this unique rack railway Mountain Railway is one of the technological wonders of the late Victorian still reliant on steam locomotives and carriages that first saw service more age. Now over 100 years old it continues to transport many tens of than a century ago. Many colour illustrations, with numerous historic thousands of passengers every summer on a spectacular journey from the photographs.

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INDUSTRIAL ARCHAEOLOGY NEWS 135 19 DIARY

21-23 MARCH 2006 details will be sent with the next bridges, quarries, breweries, corn information, and compare different INTERNATIONAT mailing. mills, lime kilns, and harbours. experiences at both national and CONVENTION - Details from Dillington House, international levels. Contact: 22 APR|L 2006 VALORIZATION OF llminsteri Somerset TA19 9DI I Congress Secretary's Office TICCIH SOUTH EAST REGION IA INDUSTRIAL HERITAGE website: 2006, lCSlM Via I Maggio 23, CONFERENCE 01460 52426, - museums and case studies, Sitet vww.di | | i n gton. co. uk. 05100 Terni, ltaly. at The Medical Centre, 5t Richard's with post-convention tours 24-26 Tel: 003974444071 87, Hospital, Chichesteri organised by 3-9 JULY 2006 March. For details and registration Fax:0039744407468, Sussex lA Society. Advance notice BRUNEL BICENTENARY form, contact TICCIH-Chile, Chilean E-mail: [email protected] WEEK National Committee for the only. at London and Bristol, including a Conservation of Industrial heritage, 24-29 APR|L 2006 mid-week steam trip. Events include Av. Apoquindo Nr. 6275, Las Condes, ATSACE AWAITS the Institution of Civil Engineers Santiago, Chile. Tel/Fax: (0562) 201 the AIA spring tour, based on Triennial Conference, London, 7l 93, E-mail: [email protected] Strasbourg, including a visit to Brunel Bicentenary Steam Train Trip, Mulhouse. For further details please 8 APRIL 2OO5 Brunel Bicentenary Conference, contact Paul Saulter, 80 Udimore SOUTH WEST & SOUTH Bristol, Brunel Tours of Bristol and Road, Ryg Sussex, TN31 7DY. WATES REGION IA Newcomen Society Events, Bristol. CONFERENCE SWWRIAC 10-11 JUNE 2006 For more details visit the website: at Risca, organised by Oxford House NAMHO CONFERENCE 2OO6: www.ice.org.uk/conferences. lA Society. Advance notice only. MINES IN THE LANDSCAPE at the Royal International Pavilion, 8-14 SEPTEMBER 2006 5-7 APRTL 2006 ISLE OF MAN Llangollen, the National Association AIA WITTSHIRE IN THE AGE OF CONFERENCE of Mining History Organisations' STEAM a return to the lsle of Man. Advance annual conference in Llangollen, at Urchfont Manor, a residential notice only, but see page I 1 of this with lectures on the subject of course with lectures and field visits issue for more details. examining the Kennet & Avon Mines in the Landscape and field Canal corridor, including iron trios for those interested. For details 14-23 SEPTEMBER 2006 working, railways, roads, mills, see the website: TtcctH x||t coNGREss part brewing and textile industries. http://namhoconference.org.uk/. at Terni, ltaly, the scientific of the 13th congress of The Details from: Urchfont Manor 2-5 JULY 2006 lnternational Committee for the College, Devizes, Wiltshire 5N10 PAST INDUSTRIES IN THE INDUSTRIAL ARCHAEOLOGY NEWS Conservation of Industrial Heritage (formerly ISSN 0309-0051 4RG, I 01380 840495, Fax:01380 COUNTY BORDERs AIA Bulletin ) will be held l4-18 September, with tssN 1354-1455 840005. at Dillington House, llminster, visits to surrounding industrial Somerset, a course on lA in the Editor: Dr Peter Stanier 8-9 APRtt 2006 heritage sites, followed by post- attractive coastal and inland AIA IRONBRIDGE WEEKEND: congress tours. There is a wide- Published the Association for lndustrial landscapes of the Somerset, Devon by BREWING programme Archaeology. Contributions should be and Dorset borderlands. with ranging of academic at the lronbridge Institute, activities, scientific visits and events sent to the Editon Dr Peter Stanier, 49 lectures and field visits to include Coalbrookdale. on the theme of participants to Breach Lane, Shaftesbury, Doset SP7 9LF. early that will allow brewing. Advance notice only. Full lace mills, branch railways, Nevvs and press releases may be sent to o establish contacts, exchange the Editor or the appropriate AIA Regional Conespondents. The Editor nay be telephoned on 01747 854707 or e-nail: a i a n ews I ette r@ya hoo, co. u k.

Final copy dates are as follows:

1 January for February mailing 1 April for May mailing I July forAugust mailing I October for November mailing

The AIA was established in 1973 to pronote the study of lndustrial Archaeology and encourage improved standards of recording, research, conservation and publication. lt ains to assist and support regional and specialist suruey groups and bodies involved in the prese|ation of industrial monunents, to tepresent the intercsts of lndustrial Archaeology at national level, to hold conferences and seninars and to oublish the resuls of research. The AIA publishes an annual Review and quafterly News bulletin. Fufther details nay be obtained fron the Liaison Officec AIA Office, School of Archaeological Studies, University of Leicester. Leicester LEI 7RH. Z 0l l6 252 5337 Fax: 0l l6 252 5005.

The views expressed in this bulletin are not necessarily those of the Association for Industrial Archaeology.

20 @ Association for lndustrial Archaeology, November 2005 Registered in England underthe Companies Act 1948 (No. 1325854) and the Charities Act 1950 (No.277511) Registered office: c/o |GML Coach Road, Coalbrookdale, Telford, Shropshire TF8 7DQ Drndrrrad hv TRr p"ih+ (aruira< | ihita'{ Rlrh.lf^r/ Earrrm h^"cat ltYI I Q