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Lehm71 N°3 Editions De L'academie De La Republique Socialiste De Roumanie fijle LEHM71 N°3 EDITIONS DE L'ACADEMIE DE LA REPUBLIQUE SOCIALISTE DE ROUMANIE www.dacoromanica.ro Comité de Rédaction M. BERZA, membre correspondant de l'Acadérnie de la Ré- publ ique Social iste de Roumanie rédacteur en chef ; EM. CONDU- RACHI, A. ROSETTI, membres de l'Académie de la République Socialiste de RoumanieH. MIHAESCU, COSTIN MURGESCU, D. M. PIPPIDI, membres correspondants de l'Académie dela. République Socialiste de Roumanie ;AL. ELIAN, VALENTIN GEORGESCU, FR. PALL, MINA! POP, EUGEN STANESCU AL. DUTU secrétaire de la Réclaction. www.dacoromanica.ro REVUE DES tTUDES SUD-EST EUROPÉENNES Tome IX 1971 N° 3 Mélanges d'histoire, d'art et de philologie(Mllesau XIV° Congas international d'études byzantines SOMMAIRE M. ANDREEV (Sofia), Sur le probléme de la coexistence du droit écrit et du droitcou- tumier des Slaves du Sud au Moyen Age 335 I. BARNEA (Bucarest), Dinogetia et Noviodunum, deux villes byzantines du Bas-Danube 343 V. BESEVLIEV (Sofia), Zwei Versionen bet Theophanes und Nikephoros dem Patriar- chen 363 PETER CHARANIS (Rutgers UniverbityNew Brunswick), Observations on the "Anti- Zealot" Discourse of Cabasilas 369 MARIA COMA (Bucarest), Quelques données concernant les rapports des territoires nord-danubiens avec Byzance aux VIeVIIIe siècles 377 DUJCEV (Sofia), Nouvelles données sur les peintures des philosophes et des écrivains palens la Baintovo 391 JEAN GOUILLARD (Paris), Le Photius du Pseudo-Syméon Magistros 397 R. GUILLAND (Paris), Contribution it l'histoire administrative de l'Empire byzantin. Le chartulaire et le grand chartulaire 405 OCTAVIAN ILIESCU (Bucarest), Le montant du tribut payé par Byzance a l'Empire ottoman en 1379 et 1424 427 JOHANNES IRMSCHER (Berlin-DDR), Winckelmann und Byzanz 433 KARAYANNOPULOS (Thessaloniki), Zur Frage der Slavenansiedlungen auf dem Peloponnes 443 COSTAS P. KYRRIS (Nicosia), The Admission of the Souls of Immoral but Humane People into the Limbus Puerorum, According to the Cypriote Abbot Kaloumos (VIIth Century A. D.) Compared to the Quran's Al 'Ariif (Suras 744-46, 57'). 461 E. KRIARAS (Thessaloniki), Kritische Bemerkungen zu kretischen Texten... 479 MACIEJ SALAMON (Katowice), Some Notes on an Inscriptionfrom Medieval Silistra (c. 976) 487 H. MIHAESCU (Bucarest), La diffusion de la ,langue latine dans le sud-est de l'Europe 497 D. M. NICOL (London), The Doctor-Philosopher John Comnen of Bucharest and his Biography of the Emperor John Kantakouzenos 511 N. OIKONOMIDÈS (Montréal), A propos des relations ecclésiastiques entre Byzance et la Hongrie au Xle siècle :le métropolite de Turquie 527 FFtANCISC PALL (Cluj), Encore une fois sur le voyage diplomatique de Jean V Paléo- logue en 1365/66 535 www.dacoromanica.ro 334 NICHOLAS J. PANTAZOPOULOS (Thessaloniki), Peculiar Institutions of Byzantine Law in the Georgikos Nomos 541 B. PAPOULIA (Athen), BIII te und.Untergang von Byzanz : eine dialektische Beziehung 549 ANNE E. PENNINGTON (Oxford), Evstatie's Song Book of 1511 : Some Observations 565 E. STANESCU (Bucarest), Les Blcixot" de Kinnamos et Choniatés et la présence mili- taire byzantine au nord du Danube sous les Comnénes 585 V. TAPKOVA-ZAIMOVA (Sofia), Un éveché peu connu en Thrace orientale 1.14f3epLç 55 E.TRAPP (Wien), Pontische Elemente im Wortschatz des Digenesepos 601 EDMOND VOORDECKERS (Lovendegem), Un empereur palamite A. Mistra en 1370 617 KURT WEITZMANN (Princeton), A 10th Century Lectionary. A lost Masterpiece of the Macedonian Renaissance 617 Notices bibliographigues 641 REV, ETUDES SUD-EST EUROP., IX, 3, P. 331-653, BUCAREST, 1971 www.dacoromanica.ro SUR LE PROBLÈME DE LA COEXISTENCE DU DROIT tCRIT ET DU DROIT COUTUMIER DES SLAVES DU SUD AU MOYEN AGE M. ANDRÉEV (Sofia) 1. La réception du droit écrit byzantin dans le droit écritdes. Slaves du Sud pendant l'époque du Moyen Age est un fait incontestable. Ici je ne peux que noter brièvement les faits qui sont très bien comma tous ceux qui s'occupent des problèmes du droit des Slaves du Sud pendant cette époque. L'Eclogue byzantine a 60 traduite en langue slave probablement vers la fin du IX° ou au commencement du 20 en Bulgarie 1.Peu de temps avant fut créée en Bulgarie la première loi slave 3a1oni, coygmAti mogErch (laLoi pour jugerlesgens)2. Si dernièrement on discute le problème où a été créée cette loion ne met pas en doute le fait qu'elle était appliquée dans les pays des Slaves du Sud.. En ce qui concerne la Loi agraire byzantine et le Syntagma de Matheus Blastarès, on sait très bien que ces lois traduites en slave étaient M. Andréev, Le droit romain et l'Eclogue slave (quelques considerations sur les ecarts de l'Eclogue slave du droit romain), Bartolo da Sassoferrato, studi e documenti per il VI cente- nario, I, Milan, 1961, p. 109 et suiv. 2 M. Andréev, Sur l'origine du o Zakon Sudngi Ljudem(Loi pour jugerlesgens), Revue des études sud-est européennes o,t.Ier, 1963, nee 3-4, p. 331 et suiv. 3 H. F. Schmid, La legislazione bizantina e la praticagiudiziaria occidentale net più antico codice slavo, Atli del Cogresso internazionale di diritto romano e di storia del diritto. I, Vérone, 1948, p. 395 et suiv.; r. Vand, Origine cyrillo-méthodienne du plus ancien code slave ditZakon Sudngi Ljudem o, a Byzantinoslavica o, XII, 1951 ; 'C. Tpoxwmfl, Ceamoti Mey6oaua sax awes:tonal aanonoaame.ab, Hoeoatioecisue mpyaba, c6. II, Mom HaTpmapxna, Moscou, 1961, p. 83 et suiv.; B. razes, 3axant coyanbliiAlOabl4b, npaeno-ucmopunecsu u npaerto- ana.aumuumu nportearcus,H3A.BAH, Sofia, 1959 (V. Ganev, Zakon Soudni Ljudm, résumé en français, p. 617-620); M. Aimpeeo, Hoeu nportearcust u moeu meopuu ommoctto npoua- xoaa na 3anotta Coyartud JIlodbMz,, '« rOAHHIHHH HaCod].Yimoepcwrer », JOp.c)axy.nrer, T.LV, 1964 (M. Andréev, Nouvelles etudes et nouvelles theories concernant l'origine de la Loi pour juger les gens,tAnnuaire de l'Université de Sofiao,Faculté de droit, t. LV, 1964, résumé en français, p. 78-83). REV. ÉTUDES SUD-EST EUROP., IX, 3, P. 335-342. BUCAREST, 1971 www.dacoromanica.ro 336 M. ANDRÉEV 2 connues aussi bien en Serbio, qu'en Bulgarie médiévale 4. Enfin les chryso- bulles serbes et bulgares ne donnent pas lieu de douterqu'ils avaient comme modèle des chrysobulles byzantins 5.Tous ces faits prouvent que le &oh &lit byzantin était accepté par les Etats féodaux des Slaves du Sud. Cependant le droit byzantin n'était pas accepté sans changements et sans modifications. Mine dans la traduction slave de l'Eclogue byzan- tine on peut con.stater des changements du texte byzantin qui ne sont pas dus aux erreurs ou à l'incompréhension du traducteur 6. Encore plus profondes sont les modifications des textes byzantins dans le plus ancien code slave la Loi pour juger les gens 7. Enfin les changements des for- mules des chrysobulles sud-slaves, formules empruntées aux chrysobulles byzantins prouvent que les chancelleries serbe et bulgare ne suivaient pas servilement les modèles de la chancellerie byzantine 8. 11 me semble que les changements des prin.cipes et des institutions du droit byzantin faits par les organes de la puissance judiciaire des Slaves du Sud qui les appliquaient étaient encore plus profonds. C'est compréhensible si l'on a en vue les causes qui ont provoqué la réception du droit byzantin dans les pays des Slaves du Sud. Les conditions sociales et économiques du féodalisme qui s'impo- saient dans ces pays, les intéréts de la classe féodale exigeaient la pro- mulgation, d'un nouveau droit, plus approprié aux relations féodales, a B. PaAojtuth, Cpncnu pynonuc sedum o paanutozoe eanonce, 36opnun paaoea CAH, XLIV, BllaaHTOROMKII MICTIITyT CAH, Htt,3,Belgrade,1955; Fontes graeci historiae bulgaricae,III, Academia Litterarum Bulgarica, Institutum Historicum, Serdicae,1960; C. Honationnh, Mamuje Raacmapa Cunmaemam, aa6yeinu a6opnun euaanmujcnuxifpn- eenux u apmcaenux aanona u npaewia, Cpncita HpameTtaca Aitagemitja, Belgrade, 1907; T. 0.1topmuctinit, Hamamnunu zanonoaame.abnoti aestmeAbnocmu Rywana, qaps cep6oe u epenoe, Kiev, 1888; M. Anitpeen, Eaun nenpoynen npenuc na Cunmazmama na Marne& Raacmap, o Zeszyty Naukowe Universitetu Wroclawskiego », Série A, no 34, Nauki spoleczne, 1961, Prawo VIII, p. 77 et suiv. 5 r. 14JIMIHCHHH, Fpamomw 6onzapcnux qapeii, ,apeenocmu,Tpyabbaacteancnoii PCOMMUCUU Hmnepamopcnoeo Moan. Apseorcoe. 06ulecmea,t. V, Moscou, 1911; Cr. Ho- Bailönnh, 3anoncnu cnomenuuu cpncnux apalcaea cpeameea eena, Belgrade, 1912; A. Co- aonjen, Oao6panu cnomenuuu cpncnoe npaea (0.9 101 ao npaja XV eena), Belgrade, 1926; F. Dölger, Aus den Schatzkammern des Heiligen Berges, Miinchner Verlag, Munich, 1948;F. Dölger, Der Kodikellos des Christodulos in Palermo, ein bisher unerkannter Typos der byzantini- schen Kaiserurkunde, o Archly fiir Urkundenforschungen s,1929; M. Lascaris, Influences by- zantines dansladiplomatiquebulgare, serbeetslavo-roumaine, Byzantinoslavica I),1931 M. Aimpeen, Bamoneacnama epamoma u ebnpocume Ha 6meapcnomo y6eoaa.ano npaeo, Hag. BAH, Sofia, 1965 (M. Andréev, Le chrysobulle de Vatopédi el les problèmes du droll Modal bulgare, Ed. A.B.Sc., Sofia, 1965, résumé en franeais, p. 176-182). 6 M. Andréev, Le droit romain et l'Eclogue slave, p. 114 et suiv. 7 M. Andréev, Sur l'origine du o Zakon sudnyi Ljudem*, p. 333 et suiv. 8 M. Am:meet:I, Bamoneacnama epamoma, p. 28. www.dacoromanica.ro 3 LA COEXISTENCE DU DROIT COUTUMIER DES SLAVES DU SUD 337 °Wait le droit byzantin qui pouvait répondre à ces exigences. Done fut reçu par le législateur slave 9. Mais le droit coutumier des Slaves du Sud. n'était pas aboli et ne pouvait pas l'élre. C'est pourquoi les systèmes du droit écrit d'origine byzantine et du droit coutumier coexistaient. Ce fait pose devant nous deux problèmes, à savoir :quels étaient les domaines d'application de l'un et de l'autre et quelles étaient les influences réciproques de ces deux systèmes. 2. Les renseignements concernant le droit Modal des Slaves du Sud dont nous disposons ne sont pas très abondants mais tout de méme la solution de cette question, quels étaient les domaines d'application de leur droit écrit et de leur droit coutumier ne me parait pas très difficile.
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