Hydrogeologic Modelling
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NIAGARA ROCKS, BUILDING STONE, HISTORY and WINE
NIAGARA ROCKS, BUILDING STONE, HISTORY and WINE Gerard V. Middleton, Nick Eyles, Nina Chapple, and Robert Watson American Geophysical Union and Geological Association of Canada Field Trip A3: Guidebook May 23, 2009 Cover: The Battle of Queenston Heights, 13 October, 1812 (Library and Archives Canada, C-000276). The cover engraving made in 1836, is based on a sketch by James Dennis (1796-1855) who was the senior British officer of the small force at Queenston when the Americans first landed. The war of 1812 between Great Britain and the United States offers several examples of the effects of geology and landscape on military strategy in Southern Ontario. In short, Canada’s survival hinged on keeping high ground in the face of invading American forces. The mouth of the Niagara Gorge was of strategic value during the war to both the British and Americans as it was the start of overland portages from the Niagara River southwards around Niagara Falls to Lake Erie. Whoever controlled this part of the Niagara River could dictate events along the entire Niagara Peninsula. With Britain distracted by the war against Napoleon in Europe, the Americans thought they could take Canada by a series of cross-border strikes aimed at Montreal, Kingston and the Niagara River. At Queenston Heights, the Niagara Escarpment is about 100 m high and looks north over the flat floor of glacial Lake Iroquois. To the east it commands a fine view over the Niagara Gorge and river. Queenston is a small community perched just below the crest of the escarpment on a small bench created by the outcrop of the Whirlpool Sandstone. -
Phase I Hydrogeologic Modelling
Supporting Technical Report Phase I Hydrogeologic Modelling November 30, 2008 Prepared by: J.F. Sykes, E.A. Sykes, S.D. Normani, Y. Yin and Y.-J. Park University of Waterloo OPG 00216-REP-01300-00009-R00 OPG’s DEEP GEOLOGIC REPOSITORY FOR LOW & INTERMEDIATE LEVEL WASTE Supporting Technical Report Phase I Hydrogeologic Modelling November 30, 2008 Prepared by: J.F. Sykes, E.A. Sykes, S.D. Normani, Y. Yin and Y.-J. Park University of Waterloo OPG 00216-REP-01300-00009-R00 Phase I Hydrogeologic Modelling - iii - November 30, 2008 DOCUMENT HISTORY /trunk/doc/report.tex 2008-11-27 11:56 SVN:R114 Phase I Hydrogeologic Modelling - v - November 30, 2008 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY A Deep Geologic Repository (DGR) for Low and Intermediate Level (L&IL) Radioactive Waste has been proposed by Ontario Power Generation (OPG) for the Bruce site near Tiverton, Ontario Canada. This report presents hydrogeologic modelling and analyses at the regional-scale and site-scale that were completed as part of the Phase 1 Geosynthesis DGR work program. As envisioned, the DGR is to be constructed at a depth of about 680 m below ground surface within the argillaceous Ordovician limestone of the Cobourg Formation. The objective of this report is to develop a geologic conceptual model for the DGR site and to describe modelling using FRAC3DVS-OPG and analyses that illustrate the influence of conceptual model, parameter and scenario uncertainty on predicted long-term geosphere barrier performance. The modelling also provides a framework for hydrogeologic and geochemical investigations of the DGR. It serves as a basis for exploring potential anthropogenic and natural perturbations of the sedimentary sequence beneath and in the vicinity of the Bruce site. -
Geoscientific Review of the Sedimentary Sequence in Southern Ontario
July 2004 NWMO BACKGROUND PAPERS 6. TECHNICAL METHODS 6-12 LONG-TERM USED NUCLEAR FUEL WASTE MANAGEMENT - GEOSCIENTIFIC REVIEW OF THE SEDIMENTARY SEQUENCE IN SOUTHERN ONTARIO Martin Mazurek Rock-Water Interaction, Institute of Geological Sciences, University of Bern, Switzerland NWMO Background Papers NWMO has commissioned a series of background papers which present concepts and contextual information about the state of our knowledge on important topics related to the management of radioactive waste. The intent of these background papers is to provide input to defining possible approaches for the long-term management of used nuclear fuel and to contribute to an informed dialogue with the public and other stakeholders. The papers currently available are posted on NWMO’s web site. Additional papers may be commissioned. The topics of the background papers can be classified under the following broad headings: 1. Guiding Concepts – describe key concepts which can help guide an informed dialogue with the public and other stakeholders on the topic of radioactive waste management. They include perspectives on risk, security, the precautionary approach, adaptive management, traditional knowledge and sustainable development. 2. Social and Ethical Dimensions - provide perspectives on the social and ethical dimensions of radioactive waste management. They include background papers prepared for roundtable discussions. 3. Health and Safety – provide information on the status of relevant research, technologies, standards and procedures to reduce radiation and security risk associated with radioactive waste management. 4. Science and Environment – provide information on the current status of relevant research on ecosystem processes and environmental management issues. They include descriptions of the current efforts, as well as the status of research into our understanding of the biosphere and geosphere. -
Post-Martinsburg Ordovician Stratigraphy of Virginia and West Virginia
VIRGINIA DIVISION OF MINERAL RESOURCES PUBLICATION 57 POST-MARTINSBURG ORDOVICIAN STRATIGRAPHY OF VIRGINIA AND WEST VIRGINIA Richard J. Diecchio COMMONWEALTH OF VIRGINIA DEPARTMENT OF MINES, MINERALS AND ENERGY DIVISION OF MINERAL RESOURCES R<>bert C. Milici, Commissioner of Mineral Resources and State Geologist CHARLOTTESVI LLE, VIRG IN IA 1 985 VIRGINIA DIVISION OF MINERAL RESOURCES PUBLICATION 57 POST-MARTINSBURG ORDOVICIAN STRATIGRAPHY OF VIRGINIA AND WEST VIRGINIA Richard J. Diecchio COMMONWEALTH OF VIRGINIA DEPARTMENT OF MINES, MINERALS AND ENERGY DIVISION OF MINERAL RESOURCES Robert C. Milici, Commissioner of Mineral Resources and State Geologist CHARLOTTESVI LLE, VI RGI N IA 1 985 FRONT COVER: Two cycles within the Juniata Formation, Cumberland, Maryland. Jacob's staff is 5 feet long, graduated in feet. Bottom of staff marks base of lowermost sandstone bed (base of cycle). Basal sandstone is here channeled into the underlying mudstone. Top of Jacob's staff marks the middle Sholithos- bearing portion of cycle. Mudstone overlies the Skoli,thos facies and continues up to base of overlying sandstone bed, marking the base of the next cycle. VIRGINIA DIVISION OF MINERAL RESOURCES PUBLICATION 57 POST-MARTINSBURG ORDOVICIAN STRATIGRAPHY OF VIRGINIA AND WEST VIRGINIA Richard J. Diecchio COMMONWEALTH OF VIRGINIA DEPARTMENT OF MINES, MINERALS AND ENERGY DIVISION OF MINERAL RESOURCES Robert C. Milici, Commissioner of Mineral Resources and State Geologist CHARLOTTESVI LLE, VI RGI N IA 1985 DEPARTMENT OF MINES, MINERALS AND ENERGY Richmond, Virginia O. GENE DISHNER, Director COMMONWEALTH OF VIRGINIA DEPARTMENT OF PURCHASE AND SUPPLY RICHMOND 1985 Publication available from Virginia Division of Mineral Resources, Box 366?, Charlottesville, VA 22g0g. -
Beaver Valley, Units 1 & 2, Davis-Besse & Perry, Response To
FENOC 76 South Main Street Fi/rstEn Akron. Ohio 44308 SamuelL. Belcher Senior Vice President and Chief Operating Officer September11,2013 L-13-245 10cFR 50.54(f) ATTN: DocumentControl Desk U.S.Nuclear Regulatory Commission 11555 Rockville Pike Rockville,MD 20852 SUBJECT. BeaverValley Power Station, Unit Nos. 1 and2 DocketNo. 50-334, License No. DPR-66 DocketNo. 50-412, License No. NPF-73 Davis-BesseNuclear Power Station DocketNo. 50-346, License No. NPF-3 PerryNuclear Power Plant DocketNo. 50-440, License No. NPF-58 FirstEnergyNuclear Operatinq Companv (FENOC) Response to NRCRequest for InformationPursuant to 10CFR 50.54(fl Reqarding_the Seismic Aspects of Recommendation2.1 of the Near-TermTask Force (NTTF) Review of Insiqhtsfrom the FukushimaDai-ichi Accident - 1.5Year Response for CEUS Sites On March12,2012, the Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) issued a fettertitled, "Requestfor InformationPursuant to Title10 of the Codeof FederalRegulations 50.54(f)Regarding Recommendations 2.1, 2.3, and 9.3 of the Near-TermTask Force Reviewof Insightsfrom the FukushimaDai-ichi Accident," to all powerreactor licensees andholders of constructionpermits in activeor deferredstatus. Enclosure 1 of the 10 CFR50.54(0 letter contains a requestfor each addressee in the Centraland Eastern UnitedStates (CEUS) to submita writtenresponse consistent with the requested seismichazard evatuation information (items 1 through7) within 1.5 years of thedate of the 10CFR 50.54(0 letter (by September 12,2013). By letterdated February 15,2013, the NRCendorsed the Electrical Power Research Institute (EPRI) Report 1025287, SersmicEvaluation Guidance: Screening, Prioritization and lmplementationDetails (SPID)for the Resolutionof FukushimaNear-Term Task Force Recommendation 2.1: Seismic,dated November 2012 (hereafter referred to asthe SPID report) Section 4 of theSPID report identifies the detailed information to be included in the seismic hazard evaluationsubmittals BeaverValley Power Station, Unit Nos. -
Italic Page Numbers Indicate Major References]
Index [Italic page numbers indicate major references] Abbott Formation, 411 379 Bear River Formation, 163 Abo Formation, 281, 282, 286, 302 seismicity, 22 Bear Springs Formation, 315 Absaroka Mountains, 111 Appalachian Orogen, 5, 9, 13, 28 Bearpaw cyclothem, 80 Absaroka sequence, 37, 44, 50, 186, Appalachian Plateau, 9, 427 Bearpaw Mountains, 111 191,233,251, 275, 377, 378, Appalachian Province, 28 Beartooth Mountains, 201, 203 383, 409 Appalachian Ridge, 427 Beartooth shelf, 92, 94 Absaroka thrust fault, 158, 159 Appalachian Shelf, 32 Beartooth uplift, 92, 110, 114 Acadian orogen, 403, 452 Appalachian Trough, 460 Beaver Creek thrust fault, 157 Adaville Formation, 164 Appalachian Valley, 427 Beaver Island, 366 Adirondack Mountains, 6, 433 Araby Formation, 435 Beaverhead Group, 101, 104 Admire Group, 325 Arapahoe Formation, 189 Bedford Shale, 376 Agate Creek fault, 123, 182 Arapien Shale, 71, 73, 74 Beekmantown Group, 440, 445 Alabama, 36, 427,471 Arbuckle anticline, 327, 329, 331 Belden Shale, 57, 123, 127 Alacran Mountain Formation, 283 Arbuckle Group, 186, 269 Bell Canyon Formation, 287 Alamosa Formation, 169, 170 Arbuckle Mountains, 309, 310, 312, Bell Creek oil field, Montana, 81 Alaska Bench Limestone, 93 328 Bell Ranch Formation, 72, 73 Alberta shelf, 92, 94 Arbuckle Uplift, 11, 37, 318, 324 Bell Shale, 375 Albion-Scioio oil field, Michigan, Archean rocks, 5, 49, 225 Belle Fourche River, 207 373 Archeolithoporella, 283 Belt Island complex, 97, 98 Albuquerque Basin, 111, 165, 167, Ardmore Basin, 11, 37, 307, 308, Belt Supergroup, 28, 53 168, 169 309, 317, 318, 326, 347 Bend Arch, 262, 275, 277, 290, 346, Algonquin Arch, 361 Arikaree Formation, 165, 190 347 Alibates Bed, 326 Arizona, 19, 43, 44, S3, 67. -
Basin-Centered Gas Systems of the U.S. by Marin A
Basin-Centered Gas Systems of the U.S. By Marin A. Popov,1 Vito F. Nuccio,2 Thaddeus S. Dyman,2 Timothy A. Gognat,1 Ronald C. Johnson,2 James W. Schmoker,2 Michael S. Wilson,1 and Charles Bartberger1 Columbia Basin Western Washington Sweetgrass Arch (Willamette–Puget Mid-Continent Rift Michigan Basin Sound Trough) (St. Peter Ss) Appalachian Basin (Clinton–Medina Snake River and older Fms) Hornbrook Basin Downwarp Wasatch Plateau –Modoc Plateau San Rafael Swell (Dakota Fm) Sacramento Basin Hanna Basin Great Denver Basin Basin Santa Maria Basin (Monterey Fm) Raton Basin Arkoma Park Anadarko Los Angeles Basin Chuar Basin Basin Group Basins Black Warrior Basin Colville Basin Salton Mesozoic Rift Trough Permian Basin Basins (Abo Fm) Paradox Basin (Cane Creek interval) Central Alaska Rio Grande Rift Basins (Albuquerque Basin) Gulf Coast– Travis Peak Fm– Gulf Coast– Cotton Valley Grp Austin Chalk; Eagle Fm Cook Inlet Open-File Report 01–135 Version 1.0 2001 This report is preliminary, has not been reviewed for conformity with U. S. Geological Survey editorial standards and stratigraphic nomenclature, and should not be reproduced or distributed. Any use of trade names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U. S. Government. 1Geologic consultants on contract to the USGS 2USGS, Denver U.S. Department of the Interior U.S. Geological Survey BASIN-CENTERED GAS SYSTEMS OF THE U.S. DE-AT26-98FT40031 U.S. Department of Energy, National Energy Technology Laboratory Contractor: U.S. Geological Survey Central Region Energy Team DOE Project Chief: Bill Gwilliam USGS Project Chief: V.F. -
Your Use of This Ontario Geological Survey Document (The “Content”) Is Governed by the Terms Set out on This Page (“Terms of Use”)
THESE TERMS GOVERN YOUR USE OF THIS DOCUMENT Your use of this Ontario Geological Survey document (the “Content”) is governed by the terms set out on this page (“Terms of Use”). By downloading this Content, you (the “User”) have accepted, and have agreed to be bound by, the Terms of Use. Content: This Content is offered by the Province of Ontario’s Ministry of Northern Development and Mines (MNDM) as a public service, on an “as-is” basis. Recommendations and statements of opinion expressed in the Content are those of the author or authors and are not to be construed as statement of government policy. You are solely responsible for your use of the Content. You should not rely on the Content for legal advice nor as authoritative in your particular circumstances. Users should verify the accuracy and applicability of any Content before acting on it. MNDM does not guarantee, or make any warranty express or implied, that the Content is current, accurate, complete or reliable. MNDM is not responsible for any damage however caused, which results, directly or indirectly, from your use of the Content. MNDM assumes no legal liability or responsibility for the Content whatsoever. Links to Other Web Sites: This Content may contain links, to Web sites that are not operated by MNDM. Linked Web sites may not be available in French. MNDM neither endorses nor assumes any responsibility for the safety, accuracy or availability of linked Web sites or the information contained on them. The linked Web sites, their operation and content are the responsibility of the person or entity for which they were created or maintained (the “Owner”). -
Geology and Mineral Resources of the Bellefonte Quadrangle, Pennsylvania
PLEASE DO NOT DESTROY OR THROW AWAY THIS PUBLICATION. If you have no further use for it, write to the Geological Survey at Washington and ask for a frank to return it UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR GEOLOGY AND MINERAL RESOURCES OF THE BELLEFONTE QUADRANGLE, PENNSYLVANIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY BULLETIN 855 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR Harold L. Ickes, Secretary GEOLOGICAL SURVEY W. C. Mendenhall, Director Bulletin 855 GEOLOGY AND MINEEAL BESOUECES OF THE BELLEFONTE QUADRANGLE, PENNSYLVANIA BY CHARLES BUTTS AND ELWOOD S. MOORE UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE WASHINGTON: 1936 For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, Washington, D. C. -------- Price 50 cents CONTENTS Page Abstract ___ -- 1 Introduction ._________________________________________________ 4 Location and area___-__--_---_-_------________________________ 4 Appalachian Highlands___-_______----_________________________ 4 Piedmont province._______________________________________ 5 Blue Ridge province ---_--_------_-__-__..-_-_-.________ 5 Valley and Ridge province_ _--___._______________ 6 Appalachian Plateaus____________________________________ 7 Drainage of the Appalachian Highlands____-__----_-_-_-.____ 8 Topography....--...- _------__--_--_____ . _ _ .... 8 General features.._______.______________ 8 Relief____ --- ---------------- ___-____------. ._ 9 Allegheny Plateau and Allegheny Mountains-_--_-----_______ 9 Bald Eagle Mountain____________________________________ 9 Nittany Mountain._______________________________________ 9 Tussey Mountain___-_____-__--___-________.______________ -
Reexamination of Scarp Development Along the Niagara Escarpment, Ontario, Canada
Reexamination of Scarp Development along the Niagara Escarpment, Ontario, Canada David W. Hintz (B.A., Wilfrid Laurier University, 1995) THESIS Submitted to the Department of Geography and Environmental Studies in partial fulfdment of the requuements for the Master of Environmental Studies degree Wilfrid Laurier University 1997 ODavid W. Hintz 1997 National Library Bibliothèque nationale du Canada Acquisitions and Acquisitions et Bibliographie Services services bibliographiques 395 Wellington Street 395, nie Wellington ûttawa ON KfA ON4 Ottawa ON KIA ON4 Canada Canada The author has granted a non- L'auteur a accordé une licence non exclusive licence allowing the exclusive permettant à la National Library of Canada to Bibliothèque nationale du Canada de reproduce, loan, distribute or sell reproduire, prêter, distribuer ou copies of this thesis in microform, vendre des copies de cette thèse sous paper or electronic formats. la fome de microfiche/m de reproduction sur papier ou sufoxmat électronique. The author retains ownership of the L'auteur conserve la propriété du copyright in this thesis. Neither the droit d'auteur qui protège cette thése. thesis nor substantial extracts ~omit Ni la thèse ni des extraits substantiels may be printed or othenvise de celle-ci ne doivent être imprimés reproduced without the author's ou autrement reproduits sans son permission. autorisation. The Niagara Escarpment is generally viewed as a relict landfonn which shows ancient structural feaîures and the effects of glaciation. Since it was realized that the Escarpment was not a huit, but instead a feature of erosional origin, little interest has been paid to development of the steep cWed section of the Niagara Escarpment. -
Subsurface and Petroleum Geology Of
SUBSURFACE AND PETROLEUM GEOLOGY OF ASHTABULA COUNTY, OHIO A Thesis Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements For the Degree Bachelor of Science by James W. Shoots The Ohio State University 1985 Approved by : A visor Department of Geology and Mineralogy CONTENTS ~ Introduction 1 The Precambrian Surface 3 The Cambrian Period 8 Ordovician and the Tippecanoe Sequence 12 The Lower Silurian and the Grimsqy Sandstone 14 Middle and Upper Silurian 19 Devonian Carbonates and Shales 22 Lower Mississippian Outcrop 26 Summary and Conclusions 28 Bibliography 29 INTRODUCTION Ashtabula County, Ohio is located in the very northeastern corner of the state (fig. 1). Its geographical boundaries include: Lake Erie to the north; Crawford and Erie Counties, Pennsylvania to the east; Trumbull County, Ohio to the south; and Geauga and Lake Counties to the west. All these surrounding areas were helpful in correlating well data to make inferences to trends that underlie Ashtabula County. The study area is located on the northwestern flank of the Appala chian Basin. This basin is an elongate structural trough trending northeast-southwest. It stretches from New York to Alabama. Cambrian seas deposited large sections of carbonates in a depression that developed on the Precambrian surface (ref. 9, p. 17). The Taconic orogeny of Late Ordovician time filled the basin with large quantities of clastic mater ial from the east and southeast. Again, in Middle Devonian time, new uplift, accompanying the Acadian Orogeny, deposited masses of marine and terrestrial materials in the same subsiding basin. A continuing orogeny, throughout the late Paleozoic, culminated in the Appalachian orogeny which occurred near the close of the Paleozoic (ref. -
On the Oil, Gas, and Solution Mining Regulatory Program
V. NEW YORK STATE GEOLOGY AND ITS RELATIONSHIP TO OIL. GAS AND SALT PRODUCTION A. GEOLOGIC PROVINCES IN NEW YORK STATE 1. Adirondacks and Hudson Highlands: Igneous and Metamorphic Terrains Geologic time is hard for most people to comprehend, and the pro- found changes which have occurred in the earth's landscape are hard to imagine. The rocks of New York State were formed over a period which extends over billions of years. The Adirondack Mountains were formed during a mountain-building event more than 1,000,000,000 years ago, while some deposits in western New York were left in the wake of melting glacial ice less than 10,000 years ago. The environments in which these rocks formed, and the geologic conditions which existed at the time they were deposited, determine if they will contain significant amounts of oil, gas, or salt. The oldest rocks within New York State formed during the Precambrian Era, a period of time extending from 4 112 billion years ago to about 600 million years ago. Because of their great age, the Precambrian rocks seen today are only the eroded roots of ancient mountain chains, and form the basement upon which younger sediments were deposited. The Adirondack Mountains and the Hudson Highlands are exposed Precambrian basement forming southern extensions of the Grenville Province of Canada. Since their formation, Precambrian rocks have undergone extensive change, or metamorphism, as they were buried at great depths, and subjected to intense pressures and elevated temperatures for long periods of time. From their origins as volcanic lavas, intrusions of molten or igneous rock, and sedimentary limestones and sandstones, these rocks have been changed by metamorphic processes which altered their chemical compositions and physical structures, and obliterated many of the clues to their beginnings.