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Fvs-1000 System Resolution FVS-1000 FVSYSTEMS-1000 MULTI FVS-1000 SYSTEM RESOLUTION A A B B SYSTEMTELECINE © 1998 Sony Corporation. All rights reserved. Reproduction in whole or in part without written permission is prohibited. REMOTE INPUT CHECK SOURCE SELECT 1 POSI MASTER RED GREEN BLUE FILM SIZE PAN TILT ZOOM ROTATION SYSTEM ERROR MEMORY ADDR. PRESET 35mm 16mm 2 SOURCE ALARM FILM RATE READY DESTINATION RESET Features and specifications are subject to change without notice. 3 DF WARNING 24 EXECUTE HOUR MIN SEC FRAME 25 /1.001 4 + 30 KEY INHIBIT OFF ON SHUTTLE JOG VAR REFERECE MENU 1080 30 VARI/LOCKED PLAY 525 24 SET UP REVERSE FORWARD 625 25 All non-metric weights and measures are approximate. FIELD OUTPUT MODE MODE 1080 60I/ 30F SEARCHSTOP REV READY STEP FWD MARK IN 48I 24F 50I 25F 525 60I Sony is a registered trademark of Sony Corporation. REW REVSTOP PLAY FF 625 50I 48I All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners. Distributed by Printed in Japan BC-00698 MK7082/1OHB-9804 @ ©1998 Sony Corporation THE NEXT GENERATION IS EXPECTED TO BE BEYOND TRADITIONAL KNOWLEDGE. SO, THERE IS MUCH WE CAN DO. he FVS-1000 Multi Resolution Telecine system is based on a unique engineering concept, Twhere the latest advances in light control, solid state imaging, digital image processing and the traditional skills of photography are harmonized within the same piece of equipment. The system is modular so that a wide range of film transfer work - HDTV transfer and 525/625 SDTV transfer - can be managed on the same platform. The future of content distribution requires material to be simultaneously played out at different levels of resolution. It also relies heavily on modern data compression schemes, such as the MPEG2 standard. So for both DTV and DVD, image stability is a crucial factor because of the use of inter-frame compression schemes to efficiently compress and reproduce the original picture. These schemes demand a new level of performance from the telecine, requiring high resolution, real-time, pin-registered picture quality. THE EVOLUTION IS HERE. — TELECINE FROM SONY. The FVS-1000 System is based on an RGB independent frame-based high resolution image capturing system. In order to faithfully reproduce the rich tonality of negative film stock, the film frame image is captured by state-of-the-art two million pixel Area CCDs, with primary color correction performed in the optical domain. This helps to reduce signal processing noise to the absolute minimum while also providing sufficient headroom to compensate for film exposure errors. A truly innovative film transport provides intermittent film motion which precisely and safely halts the film for exposure. The S.O.P.S. (Sony Optical Picture Stabilizer) provides opto-electronic pin- registered image quality by fine adjustments of the light path. Registration pins are not used in the film transport. A progressively scanned frame-based digital signal processor provides simultaneous outputs of HDTV and SDTV signals. A combination of digital and optical picture manipulation systems allows flexible picture trimming, pan-scan, rotation and anamorphic conversion. The FVS-1000 System interfaces with industry-standard color correctors, noise reducers and controllers. The mature NTSC/PAL film transfer industry faces increased demands in picture quality as a consequence of the arrival of digital video transmission and distribution. The FVS-1000 System redefines the standards of performance, productivity and reliability in film to digital transfer. Higher resolution images will be delivered to the home and the utilization of MPEG2 compression for program delivery calls for vigilance in image stability and signal to noise. Sony mobilizes a number of innovative new technologies in the FVS-1000 telecine to squarely address this new performance demand. Frame-based Image Capturing The FVS-1000 Multi Resolution Telecine applies the same principle as a professional motion film camera to ensure the highest image quality. Each frame is exposed when the film is stationary, and its position is registered in the film gate. The advantage of imaging the film when it is stationary is that errors due to film transportation are removed, hence the geometric accuracy of the captured image is improved. Positional registration is crucial to secure frame-to-frame image stability. In case of a film camera, perforations are used as the index to align each film frame position, and a mechanical registration process is applied. Registration pins are physically inserted into the perforation, and shifts the film frame to the desired position. Unlike a film camera that runs new film rolls all the time, a telecine system is expected to handle various sorts of film, including those which were not kept in the ideal condition. The registration pin could possibly damage the film if the perforation is not properly aligned due to splicing errors or physical decay of the film base. The FVS-1000 uses a different technique that provides frame-to-frame image stability without risking the film. Further details are explained in a separate sheet of this brochure. Area Array CCD for Telecine Systems: A Perfect Match As the film frame is kept stationary during exposure, the FVS-1000 captures the image by area array CCDs. This unique approach provides the following key operational benefits. 1. Maximized Image Quality The performance of electronic imaging is largely determined by the signal-to-noise ratio. Any electronic circuitry is prone to processing noise, but the signal-to-noise ratio can be improved by increasing the signal level. In the case of a telecine system or film scanner, this can be achieved by exposing the film to the light source for a longer time to gather the rich tonality of the film frame. A very simple calculation shows that, per picture element, an area array CCD can secure more than 500 times the exposure time of a line scanning system, or 1,000,000 times that of a spot scanning system. Let us assume that a film shot at 24 Fps is passing through a continuous motion film transport to be converted into a 1920 x 1080 HDTV image. Each film frame has to be scanned within 1/24 second, during which more than 2,000,000 pixels, or over 1,000 lines, have to be scanned depending on the image capturing mechanism. The area array CCD may seem to be disadvantaged because of the idling time required to move and correctly position the film, but this is not significant. An assumption would be that half of the 1/24 second is used for the intermittent film movement. The area array CCD is therefore left with 1/48 second to capture one film frame. This means every single pixel has a maximum exposure time of 1/48 seconds on an area array CCD. The other systems have to share the 1/24 second ‘window’ with 1,000 lines or 2,000,000 spots. In reality, actual signal-to-noise ratio performance depends on additional factors such as the power of the light source, the sensitivity of the image pick-up device, and the electronic circuitry. However, this example clearly shows that the area array CCD approach accumulates vastly more ‘signals’ than other methods. Preliminary Frame-based Image Capturing Area Array CCD Image Capturing System Such a fundamental advantage significantly contributes to the excellent ■ Every pixel continues to be exposed up to approximately 1/24 X 1/2 seconds. signal-to-noise performance of the Conventional Line Scanning System FVS-1000. The relatively long exposure time allows the use of a digitally controlled lamphouse to ■ 1,000 lines are scanned within 1/24 seconds. achieve primary color ■ Exposure time per pixel is maximum 1/24 X 1/1,000 seconds or less. correction in the optical domain. Conventional Spot Scanning System ■ 2,000,000 spots are scanned within 1/24 seconds. ■ Exposure time per pixel is maximum 1/24 X 1/2,000,000 seconds or less. 2. RGB Independent Image Capturing and Processing The FVS-1000 is equipped with three area array CCDs, one each for the R, G, and B channels. The three primary color components are individually handled throughout the primary color correction process, all the way down to the final output stage when they are assembled to produce component video. Each CCD has a picture element count of 1920 (H) x 1080 (V). 3. Image Quality As the film is kept completely stationary during the image capturing process, the FVS-1000 film motion can not cause image deformation. There is virtually no risk of after-image lag or image burn. 4. Consistent Performance and Low Cost-of-ownership As already proven with various professional applications such as broadcast television cameras, CCDs can retain stable performance over a very long period of time. This remarkable stability, repeatability, and longevity allows the CCD to achieve constant transfer results over a period of time or between different machines, and helps to reduce maintenance costs. 5. Made by Sony As one of the leading suppliers of professional and consumer imaging equipment, Sony has accumulated enormous expertise in CCD engineering and manufacturing. The 1920 x 1080 area array CCD of the FVS-1000 is utilized across our range of HDTV acquisition equipment – we therefore manufacture in volume, thus ensuring high product quality and securing product availability. © 1998 Sony Corporation. All rights reserved. Reproduction in whole or in part without written permission is prohibited. Features and specifications are subject to change without notice. All non-metric weights and measures are approximate. Sony is a registered trademark of Sony Corporation. All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners. Primary Color Correction Area array CCD technology allows the Sony FVS-1000 to integrate a powerful primary color correction system comprising digital light control, logarithmic signal processing, and linear signal processing.
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