DVB - the History of Television
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History of the DVB Project
History of the DVB Project (This article was written by David Wood around 2013.) Introduction The DVB Project is an Alliance of about 200 companies, originally of European origin but now worldwide. Its objective is to agree specifications for digital media delivery systems, including broadcasting. It is an open, private sector initiative with an annual membership fee, governed by a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU). Until late 1990, digital television broadcasting to the home was thought to be impractical and costly to implement. During 1991, broadcasters and consumer equipment manufacturers discussed how to form a concerted pan-European platform to develop digital terrestrial TV. Towards the end of that year, broadcasters, consumer electronics manufacturers and regulatory bodies came together to discuss the formation of a group that would oversee the development of digital television in Europe. This so-called European Launching Group (ELG) expanded to include the major European media interest groups, both public and private, the consumer electronics manufacturers, common carriers and regulators. It drafted the MoU establishing the rules by which this new and challenging game of collective action would be played. The concept of the MoU was a departure into unexplored territory and meant that commercial competitors needed to appreciate their common requirements and agendas. Trust and mutual respect had to be established. The MoU was signed by all ELG participants in September 1993, and the Launching Group renamed itself as the Digital Video Broadcasting Project (DVB). Development work in digital television, already underway in Europe, moved into top gear. Around this time a separate group, the Working Group on Digital Television, prepared a study of the prospects and possibilities for digital terrestrial television in Europe. -
SAP Analytics Cloud, Analytics Designer
SAP Analytics Cloud, analytics designer Developer Handbook Document Version: 3.0 - 2019-11-11 Table of Contents 1 Table of Contents Table of Contents .................................................................................................................... 1 Figures..................................................................................................................................... 6 Preface..................................................................................................................................... 8 1 About Analytics Designer ........................................................................................... 9 1.1 What is an analytic application? ..................................................................................... 9 1.2 What is Analytics Designer? .......................................................................................... 9 1.3 What can you do with analytic applications that you can't do with stories? ..................... 9 1.4 How are stories and analytic applications related to each other? .................................... 9 1.5 Why do we need both stories and analytic applications? .............................................. 10 1.6 What is the typical workflow in creating an analytic application? ................................... 10 1.7 What are typical analytic applications? ........................................................................ 11 1.8 How does scripting work in analytic applications? ....................................................... -
Information and Communication Technologies: 11. Television World in History
Information and communication technologies: 11. Television world in history. Analog and digital. Metodický koncept k efektivní podpoře klíčových odborných kompetencí s využitím cizího jazyka ATCZ62 - CLIL jako výuková strategie na vysoké škole History of television in Czechoslovakia Pioneers: ● František Pilát - later post-war technical director of Barrandov Film Studio, himself built a television receiver ● Pilát was the first in Czechoslovakia to receive experimental Baird's "thirty-line" broadcast, spread in the early 1930s (1929- 1935) from Great Britain to the mid-wave of 261.5 meters. ●The most active pre-war pioneer of the television is dr. Jaroslav Šafránek, associate professor of experimental physics at Charles University in Prague ●In 1935 Šafránek built his own functioning television equipment, with which he later traveled to the Republic and presented him in public. History of television in Czechoslovakia The Ministry of Post and Telegraph refused to authorize Šafránek to broadcast television in the air. Šafranek´s equipment could only work in the laboratory and lecture halls. While Šafránek, radio amateurs and their interest organization, Czechoslovak Radio Broadcasting Corporation requested permission for experimental broadcasting of a mechanical low-line (30 line) television mainly serving radio amateurs, the Ministry of Post and Telegraph, which since 1934 closely watched developments abroad, wanted to provide frequencies for television broadcasting to some more developed Projects. He was guided by the principle - to wait, to study foreign facts and then to decide. In 1939, television research on the territory of former Czechoslovakia ended. (Threats to the Republic, Munich, and the Nazi occupation). At that time, Shafranek was working on a more advanced 240-line image decomposition device. -
The Science of Television. Television and Its Importance for the History of Health and Medicine Jessica Borge, Tricia Close-Koenig, Sandra Schnädelbach
Introduction: The Science of Television. Television and its Importance for the History of Health and Medicine Jessica Borge, Tricia Close-Koenig, Sandra Schnädelbach To cite this version: Jessica Borge, Tricia Close-Koenig, Sandra Schnädelbach. Introduction: The Science of Television. Television and its Importance for the History of Health and Medicine. Gesnerus, Schwabe Verlag Basel, 2019, 76 (2), pp.153-171. 10.24894/Gesn-en.2019.76008. hal-02885722 HAL Id: hal-02885722 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02885722 Submitted on 30 Jun 2020 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Gesnerus 76/2 (2019) 153–171, DOI: 10.24894/Gesn-en.2019.76008 Introduction. The Science of Television: Television and its Importance for the History of Health and Medicine Jessica Borge, Tricia Close-Koenig, Sandra Schnädelbach* From the live transmission of daunting surgical operations and accounts of scandals about medicines in the 1950s and 1960s to participatory aerobic workouts and militant AIDS documentaries in the 1980s the interrelation- ship of the history of bodies and health on television and the history of tele- vision can be witnessed. A telling example of this is the US born aerobics movement as it was brought to TV in Europe, with shows such as Gym Tonic (from 1982) in France, Enorm in Form (from 1983) in Germany or the Green Goddess on BBC Breakfast Time (from 1983) in Great Britain. -
Network 2020: the 4G Broadcasting Opportunity
Network 2020: The 4G Broadcasting Opportunity About the GSMA Network 2020 The GSMA represents the interests of mobile operators The GSMA’s Network 2020 Programme is designed to help worldwide, uniting nearly 800 operators with almost 300 operators and the wider mobile industry to deliver all-IP companies in the broader mobile ecosystem, including handset networks so that everyone benefits regardless of where their and device makers, software companies, equipment providers starting point might be on the journey. and internet companies, as well as organisations in adjacent industry sectors. The GSMA also produces industry-leading The programme has three key work-streams focused on: The events such as Mobile World Congress, Mobile World Congress development and deployment of IP services, The evolution of the Shanghai, Mobile World Congress Americas and the Mobile 360 4G networks in widespread use today The 5G Journey, developing Series of conferences. the next generation of mobile technologies and service. For more information, please visit the GSMA corporate website For more information, please visit the Network 2020 website at www.gsma.com. Follow the GSMA on Twitter: @GSMA. at: www.gsma.com/network2020 Follow the Network 2020 on Twitter: #Network2020. With thanks to contributors: DISH Network Corporation EE Limited Ericsson Gemalto NV Huawei Technologies Co Ltd KDDI Corporation KT Corporation NEC Corporation Nokia Orange Qualcomm Incorporated SK Telecom Co., Ltd. Telecom Italia SpA TeliaSonera Finland Oyj Telstra Corporation Limited United -
Console Comparison
CONSOLE COMPARISON CURRENT INTEGRITY Cybex 50L Console C Console X Console Discover ST Cybex 70T Discover SE3 Discover SE3HD SCREEN 21" 1080p Touch Screen (Tread) 19" 720p Touch Screen (Tread) 21" 1080p Touch Screen (Tread) Display LED LED LED 7" Touch LCD 16" 1080p Touch Screen (Tread, Bikes and Arcs) 16" 1080p Touch Screen (Non-Tread) 16" 720p Touch Screen (Non-Tread) 16" 1080p Touch Screen (Non-Tread) Navigation Membrane buttons Membrane Buttons Membrane Buttons Touch, Tactile Buttons Touch Screen Touch Screen Touch Screen Touch Screen Languages 9 Universal Universal 19 24 24 24 24 Speed, Distance, Distance Climbed, Average Pace, Average Speed, Speed, Incline, Heart Rate (current, average, max), Pace, Elapsed Speed, Incline, Heart Rate (current, average, max), Pace, Elapsed Speed, Incline, Heart Rate (current, average, max), Pace, Elapsed Speed, Incline, Heart Rate (current, average, max), Pace, Elapsed Speed, Incline, Heart Rate, Elapsed Time, Pace, Distance, Distance Display Readouts - Treadmills Speed, Time, Distance, HR, Calories, Incline, Pace Speed, Time, Distance, HR, Calories, Incline Total Cal Burned, Average METs, Average Watts, Average HR, Max Time, Time Remaining, Time in Zone, Time of Day, Distance, Distance Time, Time Remaining, Time in Zone, Time of Day, Distance, Distance Time, Time Remaining, Time in Zone, Time of Day, Distance, Distance Time, Time Remaining, Time in Zone, Time of Day, Distance, Distance Climbed, Calories, Calories/HR HR Climbed, Distance Remaining, Calories, Calories/HR Climbed, Distance Remaining, -
Shadow Telecinetelecine
ShadowShadow TelecineTelecine HighHigh performanceperformance SolidSolid StateState DigitalDigital FilmFilm ImagingImaging TechnologyTechnology Table of contents • Introduction • Simplicity • New Scanner Design • All Digital Platform • The Film Look • Graphical Control Panel • Film Handling • Main Features • Six Sector Color Processor • Cost of ownership • Summary SHADOWSHADOTelecine W Telecine Introduction The Film Transfer market is changing const- lantly. There are a host of new DTV formats required for the North American Market and a growing trend towards data scanning as opposed to video transfer for high end compositing work. Most content today will see some form of downstream compression, so quiet, stable images are still of paramount importance. With the demand growing there is a requirement for a reliable, cost effective solution to address these applications. The Shadow Telecine uses the signal proce- sing concept of the Spirit DataCine and leve- rages technology and feature of this flagship product. This is combined with a CCD scan- ner witch fulfils the requirements for both economical as well as picture fidelity. The The Film Transfer market is evolving rapidly. There are a result is a very high performance producthost allof new DTV formats required for the North American the features required for today’s digital Marketappli- and a growing trend towards data scanning as cation but at a greatly reduced cost. opposed to video transfer for high end compositing work. Most content today will see some form of downstream Unlike other Telecine solutions availablecompression, in so quiet, stable images are still of paramount importance. With the demand growing there is a this class, the Shadow Telecine is requirementnot a for a reliable, cost effective solution to re-manufactured older analog Telecine,address nor these applications. -
BA(Prog)III Yr 11/04/2020
BA(prog)III yr 11/04/2020 Analog Video • In an analog system, the output of the charge-coupled device (CCD) is processed by the camera into three channels of color information and synchronization pulses (sync) and the signals are recorded onto magnetic tape. • There are several video standards for managing analog CCD output, each dealing with the amount of separation between the components—the more separation of the color information, the higher the quality of the image (and the more expensive the equipment). • If each channel of color information is transmitted as aseparate signal on its own conductor, the signal output is called component (separate red, green, and blue channels), which is the preferred method for higher-quality and professional video work. • Lower in quality is the signal that makes up Separate Video (S-Video), using two channels that carry luminance and chrominance information. The least separation (and thus the lowest quality for a video signal) is composite, when all the signalsare mixed together and carried on a single cable as a composite of the three color channels and the sync signal. • The composite signal yields less-precise color definition, which cannot be manipulated or color-corrected as much as S-Video or component signals. • The analog video and audio signals are written to tape by a spinning recording head that changes the local magnetic properties of the tape’s surface in a series of long diagonal stripes. • Because the head is canted or tilted at a slight angle compared with the path of the tape, it follows a helical (spiral) path, which is called helical scan recording. -
COLOR SPACE MODELS for VIDEO and CHROMA SUBSAMPLING
COLOR SPACE MODELS for VIDEO and CHROMA SUBSAMPLING Color space A color model is an abstract mathematical model describing the way colors can be represented as tuples of numbers, typically as three or four values or color components (e.g. RGB and CMYK are color models). However, a color model with no associated mapping function to an absolute color space is a more or less arbitrary color system with little connection to the requirements of any given application. Adding a certain mapping function between the color model and a certain reference color space results in a definite "footprint" within the reference color space. This "footprint" is known as a gamut, and, in combination with the color model, defines a new color space. For example, Adobe RGB and sRGB are two different absolute color spaces, both based on the RGB model. In the most generic sense of the definition above, color spaces can be defined without the use of a color model. These spaces, such as Pantone, are in effect a given set of names or numbers which are defined by the existence of a corresponding set of physical color swatches. This article focuses on the mathematical model concept. Understanding the concept Most people have heard that a wide range of colors can be created by the primary colors red, blue, and yellow, if working with paints. Those colors then define a color space. We can specify the amount of red color as the X axis, the amount of blue as the Y axis, and the amount of yellow as the Z axis, giving us a three-dimensional space, wherein every possible color has a unique position. -
DTMB, ATSC, ISDB-T, DVB T/T2) and Radio & Emergency Warning Broadcasting System
Session 3 Broadcasting Standards for digital television (DTMB, ATSC, ISDB-T, DVB T/T2) and radio & Emergency Warning Broadcasting System 2015 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia Dr AMAL Punchihewa Director ABU Technology Asia-Pacific Broadcasting Union A Vice Chair of World Broadcasting Union Technical Committee (WBU-TC) Dr Amal Punchihewa © Director of Technology ABU & A Vice Chair of World Broadcasting Union Technical Committee (WBU-TC) DTMB, ATSC, DVB and ABU working on EWS 2.0 , looking at Asia-Pacific requirements and building a reference model Dr Amal Punchihewa PhD, MEEng, BSC(Eng)Hons, CEng, FIET, FIPENZ, SMIEEE, MSLAAS, MCS Postgraduate Studies in Business Administration Director ABU Technology Asia-Pacific Broadcasting Union Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia A Vice-Chair World Broadcasting Unions Technical Committee (WBU-TC) Dr Amal Punchihewa © Director of Technology ABU & A Vice Chair of World Broadcasting Union Technical Committee (WBU-TC) 2 Outline • Digital Broadcasting • Television Services – Free TV or Pay TV – OTA or Cable • DTV Standards • What are EWS – Content delivered from distance, Live, VOD, …. Dr Amal Punchihewa © Director of Technology ABU & A Vice Chair of World Broadcasting Union Technical Committee (WBU-TC) 3 Traditional TV Traditional Broadcasting • Linear TV – At scheduled times, missed it then catch the delayed version, … • Public or commercial – Funding or business model, FTA, adverting, License fee, subscription, … • Terrestrial, Satellite, Cable – Now cloud, IP etc. … • Return channel – One-to-many service, no return channel -
BY F7-6-4 AITORNEY Patented Jan
Jan. 15, 1935. G, VON ARCO 1,988,097 "FREQUENCY MULTIPLICATION Filed Dec. 10, 1929 w R S. a s n INVENTOR GEORG Wo ARCO BY f7-6-4 AITORNEY Patented Jan. 15, 1935 1988,097 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 1988,097 FREQUENCY MULTIPLICATION Georg von Arco, Berlin, Germany, assignor to Telefunken Geselschaft fir Drahtlose Tele graphie m. b. H., Berlin, Germany Application December 10, 1929, Serial No. 412,962 Renewed April 9, 1932 2 Claims. (C. 250-36) In my copending United States patent appli multiplier for use with my present invention cation Serial Number 70,729, fled November 23, although it is to be clearly understood that this 1925, now United States Patent 1,744,711, pat frequency multiplier or harmonic producer may ented January 21, 1930, I have disclosed an s efficient arrangement for frequency multiplying have wide application in the radio frequency or energy consisting of a master oscillator, means cognate arts rather than be limited to use in for splitting the phase of currents generated the System herein described. More specifically by the master oscillator and means for utilizing in connection with my harmonic oscillation gen the split phase currents to produce energy of erator, an object of my present invention is to O provide an electron discharge device having a multiplied frequency relative to the master OS parallel tuned circuit tuned to a harmonic fre 10 cillator frequency, by impulse excitation. In quency connected between its anode and cath that application, I referred to the efficient use of ode, and a Source of fundamental frequency en the System in directive transmitting arrange ergy connected or coupled to the control elec 5 ments, and this case which is a continuation in trode and cathode of the tube, the control elec part thereof, describes in detail how the ar trode or grid being so biased negatively that 5 rangement may be carried out. -
NTE15039 Integrated Circuit VHS/VCR Chroma Signal Proessor for NTSC/PAL/SECAM Systems
NTE15039 Integrated Circuit VHS/VCR Chroma Signal Proessor for NTSC/PAL/SECAM Systems Description: The NTE15039 is a multifunctional IC in a 24–Lead DIP type package that contains VHS VCT chroma signal processing circuitry. Since the package is small and a minimum number of external compo- nents are required, the NTE15039 occupies much less space on the PC board thus facilitating VCR design. The chroma section is made adjustment–free (except REC chroma level) thus streamlining the manufacture of VCRs Features: D Designed for NTSC/PAL/MESECAM Systems D Adjustment–Free Chroma Section (Except REC Chroma Level) D Few External Components Required D LPF Usable for REC/PB D Multifunctional: 2fSC Generator for CCD Drive Function to Select APC Loop Input Signal Passed/Not Passed Through Comb Filter 3rd Lock Protector of VXO Absolute Maximum Ratings: (TA = +25°C unless otherwise specified) Maximum Supply Voltage, VCCmax. 7V Allowable Power Dissipation (TA ≤ +65°C), PDmax. 850mW Operating Temperature Range, Topg . –10° to +65°C Storage Temperature Range, Tstg . –40° to +125°C Recommended Operating Conditions: (TA = +25°C unless otherwise specified) Recommended Supply Voltage, VCC . 5V Operating Voltage Range, VCCop. 4.8 to 5.5V Electrical Characteristics: (TA = +25°C, VCC = 5V unless otherwise specified) Parameter Symbol Test Conditions Min Typ Max Unit REC Current Dissipation ICC(R) 49 62 75 mA REC Output Level VO(R) 75 110 145 mVP–P REC ACC Characteristics ∆VO(R) Input ± 6dB –0.5 ±0.1 +0.5 dB Electrical Characteristics (Cont’d): (TA = +25°C, VCC