The Green Transition of Morocco

PART 4

The green transition of Morocco

79 The Government’s strategy on the green economy H.E. Ambassador Omar Hilale

82 Swiss-Morocco Foundation for Sustainable Development Mohamed Mike Fani

83 Renewable energy in Morocco Saïd Mouline

87 MANAGEM: 80 years of development and valorisation of natural resources Ismail Akalay

Road to Rio(7)+20.indd 87 2/10/11 1:54:55 AM 4 The green transition of Morocco

Road to Rio(7)+20.indd 88 2/10/11 1:54:59 AM The Government’s strategy on the green economy Omar Hilale 79

H.E. Ambassador Omar Hilale, outlines his Government’s commitment to tunities, environmental impact studies, ‘green citizenship’, green coopera- environmental protection and sustainable development, detailing the work tion between government departments and green training programmes. of the Foundation for Environmental Protection as well as the leading role Emphasizing the boost to technical innovation from the green economy, he of its diplomacy in environmental issues. He highlights national initiatives further describes the country’s renewable energy choices and comments

in the fields of agriculture, industry and associated ‘green market’ oppor- potential savings in terms of dollars and CO2 emissions.

ince its participation the National Strategy for Environmental Thanks to its global vision of environment in the Earth Summit in Protection and Sustainable Development, and biodiversity, the National Charter s the implementation of the National Ac- covers not only the environmental issue Rio de Janeiro, Morocco tion Plan for the Environment (PANE), but is also a social project and an authentic has embarked on the 2020 Strategy for Rural Development, reference for public policy in the country. and the launch of the National Initiative It reflects efforts made in the field of- en an irreversible process for Human Development (NIHD). vironment and major advances in the in- of implementing the stitutional and legal fields to include envi- To realise its ambitions, Morocco has ronmental issues in public policies related recommendations committed itself to an extensive and broad to development. It was for this reason that of the United Nations programme in the fields of renewable en- all nation’s institutions and various stake- ergy and the green economy, opting for a holders responded to the call of His Maj- Conference on Environ- new agricultural strategy called the Green esty the King to strongly join this initiative ment and Development. Morocco Plan. The results achieved in and become involved in its implementa- these areas by Morocco in record time tion and achievement. Furthermore, the In 1992, as part of the implementation of confirm the strategic importance the gov- choice of Rabat by the ‘Earth Day Network these commitments and within the con- ernment assigns to sustainable develop- as a world city to host the celebrations of text of global sustainable and human de- ment and rational management of natural the 40th anniversary of the Earth Day is in- velopment efforts and initiatives, Morocco resources. deed a unique opportunity to demonstrate developed a new strategy based on an in- our country’s commitment to the environ- tegrated approach to development. It sets In 2009, conscious of the scope and sever- mental cause. It bears witness to all Mo- the government’s guidelines to deal with ity of the degradation of its biodiversity rocco’s efforts to preserve the environment development needs, protection of the en- and determined to meet the challenges of that justify its being considered a Develop- vironment and reducing the destructive protecting its environment and in confor- ment Model in Africa. impact of climate change. mity with the Royal guidelines, the King- dom of Morocco issued the draft National The designation of Morocco to host the In this regard, Morocco has adopted a Charter for Environment and Sustainable festivities is a clear recognition of the com- series of development strategies, notably Development. mitment of the Kingdom, under the reign

Road to Rio(7)+20.indd 89 2/10/11 1:55:00 AM of HM King Mohammed VI, to a proactive the Ministry of Health and with the assis- environmental approach in all sectors, in tance of a WHO expert. particular through a partnership approach involving all social and economic actors It is thanks to these achievements that the and a pragmatic approach with ambitious Foundation has, since December 2009, and realistic programmes. It is also the re- the status of observer at the UN Confer- sult of the commendable and significant ence on Climate Change in Copenhagen. efforts of Her Royal Highness Princess Lalla Hasna, President of the Mohammed In addition, many initiatives have been 80 VI Foundation for Environmental Protec- undertaken in the field of clean devel- tion, for the promotion and protection of opment, with important national pro- the environment and the eco-system with- grammes initiated, notably the establish- thus committed to transforming the con- in a context of sustainable development. ment of laws necessary for the protection straints linked to the respect of the envi- of the environment, namely to combat air ronment into opportunities, advantages Moreover, and by way of illustrating this pollution and provide for waste manage- and benefits for development in terms of commitment in terms of concrete proj- ment, including prohibition of the use of employment and industrialization. This is ects, on 22 April 2010, HRH presided over non-biodegradable bags. evidence of the level of maturity reached the celebration ceremony of Earth Day by Morocco after a number of structural and Sustainable Development, marked by reforms in the political, human, social the signature of several conventions and and economic fields. Now, it is ready to the presentation of a large number of proj- A major step include in its progress and evolution the ects to be carried out within a long-term concept of sustainable development in all environmental strategy. These projects has been taken in the its dimensions. aim to protect resources and eco-systems agricultural sector as well as monitoring the state of the envi- Morocco has managed to respond to the ronment in all regions of Morocco. which is strategic for challenge thanks to the commitment of the socio-economic all its industrial actors and the devotion The outcome of the various programmes of all sectors, which have demonstrated a undertaken by the Foundation is note- development of great ability to adapt to new rules and act worthy, with several initiatives launched Morocco, representing in full compliance with the requirements since 2009. They include: the ‘Eco-Schools’ needed in this area. Indeed, all business programme; the programme ‘Young Re- 15 to 20 per cent firms and companies feel involved with porters for the Environment’, with two of national GDP the integration of sustainable develop- international prizes awarded to Morocco ment into their management approach. by an international jury in Paris; the co- The correlation between climate change organization with the Islamic Educatio- and economic development is no longer a nal, Scientific and Cultural Organization The programme, adopted in 2008 and strange concept to them, having opted for (ISESCO) of a national workshop dedi- called ‘the Green Morocco Plan’, consti- a promising green approach leading to op- cated to sensitizing teachers to the rela- tutes the new agricultural strategy in Mo- timal economic, social and environmental tionship between environment, health rocco aimed at providing a boost to the returns. and sustainable development; and the economy of the agricultural sector. organization of a contest for ‘Young Re- One of the authentic achievements in this porters for the environment’ targeting Morocco’s commitment is also reflected in a approach is the Environment law, which students from four Arab countries: Jordan, number of initiatives taken by the different states that every industrial project must Syria, Tunisia and Morocco. Ministerial Departments to draw the atten- first carry out a thorough study of its en- tion of Moroccan companies to the various vironmental impact. Such a data base has Other initiatives launched under the aus- business opportunities offered by the green today become a principle and working pices of the Foundation include the ‘Clean market, create the appropriate environment method for all stakeholders. This visible Beaches’ programme, many of which have for the its development and facilitate access conviction by everyone (government, eco- been labelled ‘Blue Flag’ and the ‘Qualit’air’ of Moroccan companies to major structural nomic and political actors, associations, programme, which seeks to raise aware- projects of the Kingdom, namely sanitation NGOs and citizens) and widespread eco- ness among mechanics, offering them programmes and the solar plan. logical attitude constitute the beginning environmental training programmes; or- of a new concept that has largely found its ganize campaigns of vehicle control, re- Aware of the growing strength of the green place in Moroccan society, namely ‘green moving ordinary diesel and making provi- economy, commonly called ‘green busi- citizenship’. sion for diesel 50 ppm; establish a national ness’, and the opportunities it offers as the air quality monitoring network in major global economy of tomorrow, Morocco is In addition to the contribution of national cities of the Kingdom; and launch an eco- determined to use it to trace a new path media and press agencies, this new con- epidemiological study in partnership with towards sustainable development. It is cept has been translated into concrete

Road to Rio(7)+20.indd 90 2/10/11 1:55:01 AM major projects like the National Liquid Morocco, motivated by its achievements Sanitation Programme, whose total cost at national level and experience in the field is estimated at 80 million dirhams in 2030 and a fervent advocate of environmental (approximately 9.6 million USD in January causes, has opted for an active diplomacy, 2011), and the National Household Haz- committed to the respect of the environ- ardous Waste Programme, whose total ment and sustainable development, which cost is estimated at 40 million dirhams in has become its doctrine for action. In this 2020, directly allowing for the creation of regard, Moroccan diplomacy is constantly thousands of jobs. mobilized to serve the interests of both 81 Morocco and the African continent in all terms thanks to the emergence of a num- As far as energy is concerned, several proj- international and multilateral fora. ber of associations and civil society actors ects are underway including in the field of that play a key role in initiating and pro- renewable energy. Within the framework The commitment to diplomacy in this moting it. Seminars and conferences have of the strategy diversifying sources of sup- field resulted in 2011 in the designation of been organized at national and regional ply of energy products initiated by H.M. Morocco as the coordinator of both the level to stimulate a debate, cover its chal- King Mohammed VI, Morocco announced African Group in charge of the environ- lenges and launch an awareness campaign on 2 November 2009 an ambitious project mental issues and the World Meteorologi- around the concept. The latter is targeting in Ouarzazate to produce electricity from cal Organization (WMO). This coordina- all sectors, private or public, all business solar energy, with a capacity of 2,000 mega- tion gave rise to the genuine involvement functions and all citizens without excep- watts (MW), representing an investment of the Geneva African Group in environ- tion, with the slogan “Green Business is of 9 billion dollars. mental issues. everyone’s business”. Renewable energy—solar, hydraulic and In this respect, Morocco will chair several At Ministerial level, we notice synergies wind power—will contribute in equal meetings at both the ambassadorial and coordination between different Depart- parts to the 2,000 MW. The future 500 MW expert levels, in order to develop the Afri- ments involved in the advocacy and pro- solar site will be established in Tamezghit- can position and finalize the Group’s state- motion of the virtues of the green econo- ene, in the north-east of Ouarzazate and ments for 2011, a special year full of impor- my. For example, the Ministry of Energy is will begin operating in 2015. The esti- tant meetings. This is especially the case working with both the Ministry of Hous- mated cost of the Morocco Wind Energy regarding the follow up to decisions taken ing on energy efficiency in all buildings, Programme, based on the creation of new internationally on environmental issues particularly in new cities, and with the wind farms to increase power output from at the 16th United Nations Conference on Ministry of Transportation to reduce the current 280 MW to 2,000 MW by 2020, is Climate Change in Cancun, which has just greenhouse gas emissions through better 31.5 billion dirhams. ended, and the involvement in this event management of urban space. of the African Group through its active In addition to reducing Morocco’s energy participation and contribution. Regarding efforts in the field of education dependence from 97 per cent to 85 per and training, a training programme is being cent, the implementation of such projects set up making available qualified human should allow annual savings of around one resources to teach students the principles million tonnes of oil equivalent (TOE), to of sustainable development. Within this USD 500 to 700 million. Ecologically speak- context, the competent Department col- ing, such projects would avoid the emis- laborates with other partners such as the sion of 3.7 million tonnes of CO2 per Agency for Solar Energy, and industries and year. businesses to identify needs as accurately as

possible by 2015-2020, and translate them To support this momentum for renewable THE Author into educational programmes. Morocco’s re- energy development, Morocco has estab- ference base draws inspiration from foreign lished a legislative framework through Omar Hilale experiences in the fields of training in green the adoption of a draft law on energy ef- H.E. Ambassador Omar Hilale is Permanent Representative of Morocco to the United technologies and ecological techniques. ficiency and involving several Ministerial Nations Office in Geneva. Prior to that Departments. he was from 2005, Secretary-General Morocco’s implementation of the green of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Cooperation of Morocco. economy also implies giving a strong boost The creation of such a large project, fo- Between 2001 and 2005, he served as Permanent Representative of Morocco to the United Nations Office in Geneva. A career to technological innovation as well as car- cusing on solar energy and wind power, diplomat, Mr. Hilale was Ambassador to Indonesia, Singapore, rying out research and making progress reflects Morocco’s irreversible choice to Australia and New Zealand, from 1996 to 2001. He also served in the field of sustainable development. promote sustainable development and as Deputy Head of Mission at the Moroccan Embassy in Monrovia from 1979 to 1980; First Secretary at the Moroccan Embassy This approach has led to developing in- demonstrates its commitment to a clean in Addis Ababa from 1976 to 1979; and Second Secretary at the novative projects in renewable energy and green economy, which fits within the Moroccan Embassy in Algiers from 1975 to 1976. and energy efficiency, in addition to other framework of the Copenhagen process.

Road to Rio(7)+20.indd 91 2/10/11 1:55:02 AM Switzerland-Morocco Foundation for Sustainable Development Mohamed Mike Fani, President and Founder Offers a brief description of the vision, values, goals and work of the FSMD

The Switzerland-Morocco Foundation for Sustainable Devel- the sustainable growth of a country not blessed with signifi- opment, FSMD (Fondation Suisse Maroc pour le Développement cant fossil resources. The active integration of novel technolo- Durable) was created in 2004 and has since been recognized as gies through international partnerships is creating a new value a non-profit public service provider by the Finance Depart- growth dynamism, in which education and training, especially ment of the Canton of Geneva. The FSMD is a non-profit and of young people, play a predominant role in securing the talents a non-governmental organization (NGO), with headquarters in and workforce necessary to drive emerging business opportuni- Geneva. ties in the country.

Today, the FSMD is highly acknowledged for its role in boost- The FSDM believes in Switzerland, thanks to the latter’s dis- ing the socio-economic growth of Morocco. It has strong gov- tinctive culture of innovation and proven tradition of entrepre- ernance in driving its organization and managing its projects neurship, as a model strategic partner for Morocco, especially and has been granted the Consultative Special Status ECOSOC in the sector of green economy, identified as the key driver for by the United Nations. This facilitates the FSMD’s contribu- Morocco’s sustainable growth. Switzerland’s extensive experi- tion as technical expert, adviser and consultant to the work ence and expertise in this sector represent an interesting model programmes and goals of the United Nations, as well as by par- for Morocco in terms of capital market structure, environmen- ticipating in ECOSOC and its various subsidiary bodies through tal standards, industrialization of R&D results and economic attendance at their meetings and oral interventions and written framework conditions. statements on their agenda items. The NGO, through its Swiss and Moroccan members, is today Over the last two decades, Morocco has successfully imple- well positioned to empower partnerships between the two mented courageous and impressive programmes of social and countries. Every two years, it traditionally organizes an econom- economic growth. Moroccan leaders have continuously institut- ic symposium in Geneva bringing together leaders, decisions ed solid reforms to liberalize trade relations especially with the makers and professionals from Morocco and Switzerland, from E.U. and U.S., invested heavily in basic infrastructure, stabilized which opportunities for partnerships and collaboration are likely macroeconomic policy, diversified investment opportunities, to stem. So far, the Foundation is very proud of the number of improved education, and opened the political system. Strong projects successfully implemented between the two countries, economic progress has been observed, with growth rates aver- with around 10 projects realized in the sectors of health and so- aging around 5 per cent during the last 10 years. cial development.

Despite progress, Morocco’s growth remains vulnerable to natural The FSMD is constantly pushing to implement projects that and economic shocks, with social indicators out of sync with the benefit the poor and the underprivileged regions by raising the country’s income level. Morocco’s youth is still heavily touched by awareness of socially responsible and green investment among unemployment (more than 30 per cent in urban areas) and large the strategic players. The city of Oujda in the north-east of Mo- segments of the population remain socially and economically rocco, with 20 per cent unemployment, provides a good illustra- marginalized. Furthermore, Morocco’s economic sectors are still tion: three partnership agreements were signed at the Economic tied to commodities highly dependent on foreign energy (97 per Symposium the Foundation held in Geneva on 5 November 2010 cent of energy needs are imported) and technologies and its trade relating to waste treatment, wastewater treatment, renewable balance is heavily linked to the E.U., especially France. energy, good governance and E-government, respectively between: (i) the FSMD, the Urban Municipality of the City of Ou- Within this context, the FSMD has emerged as a novel tool for jda and Holcim Morocco, (ii) the FSMD, the Urban Municipality socio-economic growth through know-how and competency of the City of Oujda and IFGRA; and (iii) the FSMD, the Urban transfer primarily between Switzerland and Morocco. The Municipality of the City of Oujda and SGS Morocco SA. FSMD model aims at helping provide Morocco increasing free- dom in assimilating novel technologies tailored to the kingdom’s In line with this, the FSMD is adding another building block to specific needs. The NGO is especially focused on boosting Mo- the green economy orientation by federating stakeholders from rocco’s transition from a fossil resources dependent economy to the public and private sector to jointly create a regional model sustainable green development, this being the only option for that can be further leveraged across the country.

Fondation Suisse Maroc pour le Développement Durable (FSMD) www.fsmd.ch

Road to Rio(7)+20.indd 92 2/10/11 1:55:03 AM IN MOROCCO 83 Saïd Mouline explains the commitment to renewables of the Moroccan National Agency for Development of Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency (ADEREE). He describes achievements in the fields of wind, solar, solar thermal, hydro and biomass energy. He outlines future plans to increase the capacity of renewable sources of energy and hence the proportion of the country’s energy needs derived from renewable, with a focus on enacted laws, energy funding and potential energy exports.

Why renewable now?

Morocco has some of the best renewable energy (RE) resources in the world, continuous commitment which have the potential to meet a rising to renewables and significant share of national energy A demand. Many of the new technologies In the early 1980s, the creation of the Re- that harness renewables (including wind, newable Energies Development Centre solar, and biomass) are, or soon will be, (CDER), which is now an Agency (National economically competitive with the fossil Agency for Development of Renewable fuels that meet 95 per cent of Moroccans’ Energy and Energy Efficiency, ADEREE), energy needs (2009). On the other hand, demonstrated the Moroccan government’s the electricity sector plays a crucial role in determination to promote renewable sourc- the development of industrial activities es of energy. Current policy aims to develop and socio-economics of the rural areas. renewable energies in ways that comple- Morocco has launched huge national de- ment other forms of energy and contribute velopment programmes in strategic sec- to security of energy supply, to develop tors (health, tourism, industries, agricul- local industries and capacities, and to ture, education, infrastructure, etc.) and implement a strategy of partnerships with the need for security of energy supply and the private sector. The renewable energies national energy production has become policy is currently in its generalized im- critical. Moreover, dynamic growth rates plementation phase with large renewable of RE in the world are driving down equip- energy and energy efficiency programmes, ment costs, which leads to cost effective supported by national and international RE projects. Dependence on energy im- institutions and banks. In fact, Morocco ports remains one of the main reasons for remains committed to a vision of sustain- a key status being assigned to renewable able development in which sensitivity to in official plans for the energy sector. RE, ecological and environmental issues is including hydropower, accounted for 14.5 considered essential. per cent of electricity produced in 2009.

Road to Rio(7)+20.indd 93 2/10/11 1:55:04 AM 84

A huge potential

With a 3,500-km long coast and average wind speeds of up to 11 meters per second in the north (Taza, Tangier, Tetouan) and south (Tarfaya, Dakhla, Laayoune), Morocco's wind power potential is estimated at 25,000 m w . The conditions for solar energy are also extraordinarily favourable, 5.5 kwh/ m2/day and 3,000 h/year. Over 200 feasible Micro Hydro Power projects ranging from 15 to 100 kw have also been identified. Marine energy projects, including algae fuel production and valorisation, are currently under development.

A commitment at the highest by the two national 2,000 MW solar and level of the state 2,000 MW wind energy programmes, which call for an investment of USD 12.15 billion In March 2009, a royal letter to the partici- (in solar and wind parks) over the next de- pants at the Energy Forum mentioned: cade to catalyze private efforts to build a renewable energy future. Specifically, the plan calls for renewable energy to reach 42 In our effort to secure our per cent of electrical capacity by 2020. energy supply, we must stress how important it is to Solar energy targets and diversify energy sources, initiatives mobilise renewable The 2,000 MW Solar Energy resources. Programme

Together with renewable On the 2nd of November 2009, Morocco energy, energy efficiency launched an ambitious 2,000 MW solar po- can deeply transform the wer programme, estimated at USD 9 billion, to be completed in 2020. It is, in fact, an Ain Beni Mathar (East Morocco): sector thanks to the new energy revolution in Morocco’s efforts to Morocco has considered the installation technologies and the social respond to the global increase in the cost of its first solar thermal plant, a 470 MW attitudes they imply. of energy, growing national demand and natural gas unit, including a 20 MW solar environmental protection. With high so- unit. The project comprises a unit based lar potential, the five sites selected for the on solar energy (a solar field of cylindro- It also called for the expanded use of re- programme — Laayoune, Boujdour, Tar- parabolic mirrors covering a land surface newable energy to meet the twin chal- faya, Ain Beni Mathar and Ouarzazate — of approximately 20 ha.) and a natural lenges of increasing renewable energy will soon be host to photovoltaic and solar gas combined cycle unit. The site is lo- investments and social development. It thermal energy plants. The sites will cover cated in Ain Beni Mathar, 86 km south gave strong support to the use of renew- 10,000 hectares and should produce up to of the city of Oujda. Solar production is able energy resources and to environment 2,000 MW of electricity, with an annual sav- estimated at up to 55 GWh/year. protection. This strategy was reinforced ing of one million tons of oil.

Road to Rio(7)+20.indd 94 2/10/11 1:55:11 AM Photovoltaic systems: decentralized the current 280 MW to 2,000 MW by 2020. population using fuel wood collects it from photovoltaic solar electrification Five parks have already been installed: neighbouring forests (in the neighbour- The Koudia Al Baida Wind farm (50 MW hood of 10 km) while the other 50 per cent Currently, photovoltaic solar energy in capacity), The Abdelkhaled Torres wind buys the wood, with an average monthly Morocco is used mainly in rural and off- farm (3.5 MW), The Essaouira Wind farm consumption of about 50 kg/household. grid areas. Distribution is estimated as (60 MW), a private wind park (Lafarge - 30 In order to improve the use of fuel wood, follows: MW) and the 140 MW wind farm at Tangier. programmes carried out by ADEREE and • rural electrification: sub-programme 720 MW are underway. Other regions have other national and international partners of decentralized rural electrification been identified, mostly located in the have focused on fuel switching and energy (150,000 households to be electrified north and south of Morocco, to imple- efficiency. These include: 85 by Photovoltaic Systems, SHS) and ment the second 1,000 MW parks: Tanger • Dissemination of small agricultural Bio- community applications, 6 MWp; 2 (150 MW), Koudia El Baida à Tétouan (300 Digesters for producing Biogaz. Since • water pumping: 1.12 MWp; MW), Taza (150 MW), Tiskrad à Laayoune 1983, more than 350 units have been in- • commercial sector (telecommunica- (300 MW) and Boujdour (100 MW). The stalled in different regions of country. tions, TV relays, radio, etc.): 5.85 MWp; project investment cost, estimated at USD For example, an ADEREE/GTZ coopera- • other applications: 1.1 MWp. 3.15 billion, will be covered by national and tion programme introduced more than international public and private funds or 100 Biogaz digesters in the pilot region of Wind power parks other financing mechanisms. Souss Massa to encourage this technique a large potential and reduce thermal deforestation. Hydroelectricity in progress • Dissemination of fuel wood-saving In recent years, wind has become an in- stoves for cooking and heating in rural creasingly attractive source of renewable Hydroelectricity is currently the largest zones and encouragement to consume energy. Wind energy is the world’s fastest- producer of renewable power in Morocco, gas. growing energy technology and Moroccan generating around 14.1 per cent of the • Promoting the use of wood energy- capacity has more than doubled in the nation’s total electricity production in saving technologies for urban and rural past three years. Wind power currently 2009. Total hydro capacity amounted to hammams through training, supervi- supplies about 1.86 per cent of national 1,265 MW in 2009 and a further 472 MW are sion, awareness-raising, informative and electricity needs but capacity is expanding planned. Morocco is also interested in de- incentive measures to save neighbouring rapidly. Wind power amounts to an in- veloping decentralised small hydropower forests. The new technologies can attain stalled production capacity of 280 MW and projects for isolated areas. The amount of a 78 per cent efficiency rate. 720 MW are under construction. About 5 hydroelectric power generated is strongly sites have been identified for the next1,000 affected by changes in precipitation and ADEREE is also working on an algae fuel MW programme, all of which have consid- surface runoff. Hydroelectric power does pilot project near TanTan in the south of erable development potential. Numerous not necessarily require a large dam – the country. private foreign operators are interested in some power plants use just a small canal using wind power in Morocco to produce to channel river water through a turbine National energy efficiency green electricity. A Wind Atlas produced and a number of these projects is currently programmes by ADEREE is available for those who wish under development by ADEREE. A small to consult it. or micro-hydroelectric power system can National energy efficiency programmes produce enough electricity for a home or aim to achieve a 15 per cent energy saving remote village. by 2020 in the following main sectors: industry, transport, residential and tertiary. Biomass preservation Energy efficiency programmes are to be implemented through the Energy Effi- Biomass can be utilized for all three major ciency Codes in Residential Buildings and energy needs: electricity, heating/cooling Energy Efficiency and transportation fuel. However, each usage is distinctly different from the oth- The Programme for the Improvement in Tangier Wind Park ers, especially with regard to efficiency/ Commercial and Hospital Buildings in the percentage of energy utilized from the Morocco (carried out by ADEREE and in- The 2,000 MW Wind Parks Initiative biomass source. stitutional partners) includes the following components: Since the first wind power plant installed Rational use of wood fuel in rural areas 1. Setting up a Building/Construction in Koudia El Baida in 2000, several further Energy Efficiency Code Authority; wind parks have been built. The largest Biomass accounts for an important share 2. Designing, implementing and evalu- one, the 140 MW in Tangier, was set up in of Moroccan energy consumption (34 per ating Building/Construction Energy 2009. The national programme aims to cent), representing a major deforestation Efficiency Regulations through thermal install a number of new wind farms, rais- problem (30,000 hectares annually). It is building codes for hospitals, hotels and ing installed electrical wind power from estimated that about 50 per cent of the housing;

Road to Rio(7)+20.indd 95 2/10/11 1:55:12 AM 3. Developing guidelines for technical professionals (hospitals, hotels/services, housing); 4. Comprehensive Barrier Review/Pro- motion of knowledge-sharing; 5. Developing the local market for solar water heating systems. The goal is to implement 440,000 m² to be installed in 86 2012 and 1.7 million m² by 2020. Policy, regulatory framework, RE/EE funds and institutional reforms

Morocco has set up a several incentive measures to promote renewable energy, with new enacted renewable energy laws and institutions in the last twelve months. Its strategic geographic location and its liberalization policy enable it to export to- ward an extensive market where demand is strong (Europe, Africa and the Middle East). A law on projects for Renewable Energy (Law 13-09) has been promul- gated in the parliament as well as a new efficiency. This fund will be instrumental The regional approach law to transform the national renewable in achieving financial closure for projects energy development centre (CDER) into with the greatest potential for GHG emis- Morocco has a leading role in Euro-Med- a renewable energy and energy efficiency sions savings and that face viability gaps iterranean energy cooperation through agency (ADEREE), and the creation of the due to additional costs or risk premiums. its electricity interconnections with neigh- Moroccan Agency for Solar Energy (MA- The focus will be on: (a) increased penetra- bouring countries. The country also adapt- SEN), which will be in charge of carrying tion of renewable energy into Morocco’s ed its new legislation to facilitate green out all technical, economic and financial electricity generating portfolio, with an energy export. It has joined the Mediterra- studies necessary for the implementa- emphasis on wind power, and (b) energy nean Solar Plan and Moroccan companies tion of the 2,000 MW solar programme. conservation measures, particularly indus- are involved in the MedRing and Desertec Another energy investment company trial energy efficiency and urban transport. projects. (Société d’investissement énergetique-SIE) The majority of FDE funds are to be in- has also been created to invest in projects vested with the aim of generating returns In conclusion, Morocco is, with its highly to increase the production capacity of re- for the State. Such projects will include, proactive renewable energy policy, demon- newable energy and intensify energy effi- but will not be limited to, power genera- strating that, at national and international ciency. In fact, the Renewable Energy law tion from renewables. level, the technological progress made in set up the legal framework for promoting the last few years, the increasing cost of investment for export, assistance in site All the renewable energy and the energy fossil fuel and the high level commitment selections, permits and authorization, ac- efficiency projects will be implemented to renewable energy, energy efficiency and cess to the national grid and electrical in- using carbon funds (Clean Development environment protection, are the main driv- terconnections, export of RE, and so on. Mechanism with 5 projects already regis- ers in the ongoing growth of its national tered, the clean technology fund, etc.). renewable energy market. Energy development funds New industrial parks dedicated to the pro- Morocco has, in its efforts to increase en- duction of industrial components for the ergy security and reduce its vulnerability to renewable energy and energy efficiency oil price shocks, set up a fund, called “Fond sectors are being implemented with the

de Développement de l’Energie (FDE)”, cur- objective of developing the renewable en- THE Author rently with USD 1 billion in deposits. Its le- ergy industry. The first one is located near gal status and operational priorities are set Oujda. Furthermore, a new policy calls for Saïd Mouline out in the Finance Act of 2009. The FDE’s the inclusion of specific courses and re- Director of the Moroccan Agency for Development of Renewable Energy and present priority areas lie in developing search and development in these sectors Energy Efficiency (ADEREE) generation capacity and security of supply, in the curricula of a number of universities developing renewable energy and energy and engineering schools.

Road to Rio(7)+20.indd 96 2/10/11 1:55:15 AM MANAGEM 80 yEars oF dEvElopmEnt and valorisation oF natural rEsourcEs 87 Ismail Akaley, General Manager at MANAGEM describes how his company and development of recycling techniques and recuperation of waste matter, specializing in the production and valorisation of base metals, precious it has been able to improve the lives of citizens living around its industrial metals and cobalt, has been able to creatively transform environmental installations, contribute towards the career opportunities of young people protection constraints into business opportunities. Through its own research and help create small enterprises and jobs.

key actor in Morocco, behind the provision of medical services, AMANAGEM Private Group, schools and socio-cultural infrastructure in the regions where it is implemented. specializes in the production and valorisation of base For more than 80 years, MANAGEM has accelerated and facilitated access to vital metals, precious metals needs, in particular to drinking water, and cobalt. electric sources and new technologies.

In each branch of its activities, MANA- In addition, MANAGEM contributes to GEM deploys its highly specialized com- the development of communities sur- petences, its advanced technology equip- rounding its production plants, mainly by ment and its strong capacity in research promoting and encouraging children’s ed- and development, allowing the group to ucation, supporting various programmes constantly meet its clients’ needs from for rural women and democratizing access One of MANAGEM’s subsidiaries, Com- different sectors such as the steel indus- to water through various partnerships. pagnie de Tifnoute Tiranimine (CTT), has try, aeronautics, energy, industrial tools, received the General Confederation of the chemical industry and electronics. Ethics at the centre of Moroccan Enterprises (CGEM) Corporate MANAGEM’s social policy Social Responsibility Label. A historical engagement for local MANAGEM’s social policy is carried out and regional development according to principles and today the In addition, thanks to the health and safe- The mining activity historically has always group is proud to have a human resources ty system, the hydrometallurgical units been a strong tool for local development policy based on shared values, corporate and the Research Centre received the and is still nowadays an important linchpin culture, clear and open communication Occupational Health and Safety Assess- in the development of and a driving force and a motivating system of incentives. ment Series (OHSAS) 18001 in 2010.

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Act for the environment, one of Centre REMINEX, the environmental a Moroccan NGO working in education. MANAGEM’s key values restriction has become an opportunity, This partnership allowed the project to be with 500 tons of cobalt metal produced upscaled to include a social component. MANAGEM considers the protection every year from this solid waste. of the environment one of its priorities Under the project, the Al Jisr Associa- by pushing hard to minimize the envi- Sodium sulphate project tion, through the Green Chip project, is ronmental impact of its activities. The MANAGEM’s different hydrometallurgi- in charge of collecting, dismantling and Group has mobilized efforts in the field cal units produce liquid effluent rich in sorting e-waste in workshops equipped of recycling industrial effluents, waste salt (sodium sulphate). These effluents are by MANAGEM. These dismantling work- water minimization and treatment, stored in evaporation tanks. The devel- shops are located in some schools and dust control and plantation and man- opment of hydrometallurgical activities, involve young people in academic failure. 3 agement of open spaces. which generate more than 700 m of liquid The goal is to show them the way to create effluents per day, encouraged the group to their own dismantling workshops in order The know-how acquired over the years develop an environmental and sustainable to become CTT suppliers. and the important efforts in research and solution involving salt crystallization of so- development deployed by MANAGEM’s dium sulphate, a marketable product, and CTT is in charge of the valorisation of dis- Research Centre have allowed the group a water recycling unit. This unit, which mantled products, nonferrous and precious to view environmental restrictions as real started up in 2009, produces 25,000 tons of metals, and the sale of the other dismantled 3 development opportunities. sodium sulphate and recycles 200,000 m of products such as steel and plastic. water per year. The group has already implemented The partnership with Al Jisr contributed to: several projects on mining waste re- E-waste recycling project • Supplying e-waste; covery and industrial effluents: MANAGEM, with its expertise and com- • Facilitating the integration of young mand of treatment processes, has created, people in academic failure Bou Azzer’s mining waste through its Cobalt and Specialties Branch, • Reducing the digital bill in Morocco valorisation a recycling field for the valorisation of non- Since 1929, the cobalt mine of Bou Azzer ferrous and precious metals waste. This The valorisation process of electronic has accumulated millions of tons of sol- e-waste recycling project was born within cards and nonferrous metals has allowed id waste from gravimetric treatment for the MANAGEM Research Centre in 2006. the group to treat 1,500 tons/year and fa- the production of a cobalt concentrate. cilitated the creation of 80 dismantling Thanks to a hydrometallurgical process In December 2009, a partnership agree- workshop and more than 200 jobs. developed by MANAGEM’s Research ment was signed between CTT and Al Jisr,

Road to Rio(7)+20.indd 98 2/10/11 1:55:17 AM Dismantling workshop of electronic waste. Green Chip, Casablanca

The group plans to increase progres- involving a baking furnace, mining waste Partnership with the Moroccan sively its treatment capacity to 100,000 is transformed into a number of different Cleaner Production Centre (CMPP) to 120,000 tons per year, with the poten- value added products: tial of 1,500 to 2,000 kg of gold, 15 to 20 • Sulphuric acid, a strategic reagent for In June 2009, MANAGEM Group signed a tons of silver, and an annual turnover MANAGEM plants; partnership agreement with the Moroccan of USD 100 to 120 million. • Iron oxide, a raw material for the steel Cleaner Production Centre or Centre Ma- industry; rocain de Production Propre (CMPP) with Pyrrhotite project • Electricity, to be used for plant’s needs. the aim of promoting cleaner production, The solid waste from the Guemassa poly- efficient use of resources and sustainable metallic mine (an unusual iron sulphide This industrial unit will, according to the development. mineral with a variable iron content) is economic feasibility study, allow the treat- stocked on more than 100 hectares. At ment of 100,000 tons of waste (pyrrhotite) CMPP is member of an international present, the potential is more than 20 mil- to produce: cleaner production network set up by lion tons, with an annual increase of 1 mil- • 100,000 tons of sulphuric acid, covering the United Nations Industrial Develop- lion tons. MANAGEM’s own needs; ment Organization (UNIDO) and the • 140,000 tons of iron oxide, a marketable United Nations Environment Programme With this in mind, the MANAGEM group product for the steel industry; (UNEP) has launched a project of pyrrhotite valo- • 4.5 MWh (megawatt hour) of electricity, risation to produce sulphuric acid, iron covering 50 per cent of the Guemassa The centre has access to national as well as oxide and electrical energy with zero plant needs. international expertise in different fields waste. In this way, it has transformed a related to cleaner production, resources constraint, solid waste, into a real asset to The project has been presented with the efficiency, sound environmental technolo- promote sustainable development. Cleaner development Mechanism (CDM) gies and sustainable development. due to the fact that it is capable of produc- Through the treatment process devel- es energy at the same time as avoiding the oped by the MANAGEM research centre, emission of 7,000 tons of CO2 per year.

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Development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs Printed on recycledPrinted paper Sustainable Development as defined in Our Common Future also known as the Brundtland Report, from the United Nations World Commission on Environment and Development 1987 Printed on recycledPrinted paper

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