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Energy Policies Beyond IEA Countries: Morocco 2019 Review

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Energy Policies Beyond IEA Countries: Morocco 2019 Review ENERGY POLICIES BEYOND IEA ENERGY POLICIESENERGY BEYOND IEA COUNTRIES COUNTRIES Morocco Morocco 2019 2019 Secure Sustainable Together ENERGY POLICIES BEYOND IEA COUNTRIES Morocco 2019 INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY The IEA examines the IEA member IEA association full spectrum of energy countries: countries: issues including oil, gas and coal supply and Australia Brazil demand, renewable Austria China energy technologies, Belgium India electricity markets, Canada Indonesia energy efficiency, access Czech Republic Morocco to energy, demand side Denmark Singapore management and much Estonia South Africa more. Through its work, Finland Thailand the IEA advocates policies France that will enhance the Germany reliability, affordability and Greece sustainability of energy in Hungary its 30 member countries, Ireland 8 association countries Italy and beyond. Japan Korea Luxembourg Mexico Netherlands New Zealand Norway Poland Portugal Slovak Republic Spain Sweden Switzerland Turkey United Kingdom United States The European Commission also participates in the work of the IEA Please note that this publication is subject to specific restrictions that limit its use and distribution. The terms and conditions are available online at www.iea.org/t&c/ Source: IEA. All rights reserved. International Energy Agency Website: www.iea.org Foreword The International Energy Agency (IEA) has conducted in-depth peer reviews of its member countries’ energy policies and beyond since 1976. Recently, the IEA has modernised the reviews by focusing on some of the key energy challenges relating to the countries’ energy transitions and energy security. As the IEA has opened its doors to emerging economies, in-depth reviews have come to play an increasingly prominent role in our bilateral collaborations. In 2016, Morocco became an Association country. After a first review in 2014, the government of Morocco’s request for a second in-depth review acknowledges the importance of a comprehensive energy policy review to support policy development and to facilitate an exchange of learning, on both sides, from international experience. It is impressive that Morocco’s population now has full access to electricity, one of the key pillars of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goal 7 on energy. Morocco is CONTENTS OF TABLE also leading the deployment of renewable energy in North Africa and the Mediterranean with an impressive track record in developing solar technologies, most notably concentrating solar power (CSP) and hybrid technologies with solar photovoltaic at the world’s largest CSP park in Ouarzazate. Morocco has increased the hours of storage in its CSP plants and is investing in new interconnections and market integration with European neighbours, thus ensuring greater security, efficiency and flexibility of the power system. Morocco is pursuing an ambitious energy transition pathway. More investments will be needed from both the private and public sectors to meet its renewable and energy efficiency targets. We can commend Morocco for phasing out most of the fossil fuel subsidies, beginning to create the basic institutional framework for an effective power market, and setting up the national regulatory authority. On energy efficiency, it is particularly noteworthy that Morocco has announced its ambitions to scale up its efforts towards 2030, which now have to be rooted in the upcoming National Energy Efficiency Strategy and related action plan. Our report offers insights into how the country can address its electricity sector challenges and design an effective energy efficiency policy, alongside recommendations to promote cleaner transport and mobility. It is my hope that this second in-depth review will guide Morocco in its energy transition and help it achieve the energy policy goals of providing affordable, secure and clean energy to its population, while adapting to a fast-changing, international energy landscape. Dr. Fatih Birol Executive Director International Energy Agency 3 IEA. All rights reserved. ENERGY INSIGHTS 1. Executive summary .......................................................................................................9 Energy system transformation ...........................................................................................10 Energy security ..................................................................................................................11 International and regional energy partnerships .................................................................13 Key recommendations .......................................................................................................13 2. General energy policy .................................................................................................15 Country overview ...............................................................................................................15 Energy supply and demand ...............................................................................................17 Institutional framework in the energy sector......................................................................20 TABLE OF CONTENTS OF TABLE Energy data .......................................................................................................................22 National Energy Strategy and policy objectives ................................................................23 Sustainable development of Morocco ...............................................................................24 Subsidy reforms .................................................................................................................26 Assessment .......................................................................................................................27 Recommendations .............................................................................................................29 ENERGY SYSTEM TRANSFORMATION 3. Energy, climate change and the environment .........................................................31 Overview ............................................................................................................................31 Institutions ..........................................................................................................................33 Strategic framework ...........................................................................................................33 Climate change mitigation .................................................................................................35 Energy-related CO2 emissions ..........................................................................................37 Long-term energy and climate scenarios ..........................................................................40 Climate change adaptation ................................................................................................41 Air quality ...........................................................................................................................42 Assessment .......................................................................................................................43 Recommendations .............................................................................................................45 4. Energy efficiency .........................................................................................................47 Overview ............................................................................................................................47 Energy intensity .................................................................................................................48 Energy consumption by sector ..........................................................................................50 reserved. Institutions ..........................................................................................................................57 rights All 4 IEA. TABLE OF CONTENTS Policies and regulations .....................................................................................................57 Buildings ............................................................................................................................60 Commercial and residential ...............................................................................................61 Industry ..............................................................................................................................63 Agriculture ..........................................................................................................................64 Transport ...........................................................................................................................64 Assessment .......................................................................................................................69 Recommendations .............................................................................................................71 5. Renewable energy .......................................................................................................75 Overview ............................................................................................................................75 Renewable energy supply .................................................................................................76 Institutions ..........................................................................................................................78
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