DOCSLIB.ORG

Morocco's Efforts on the Knowledge Economy

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Morocco's Efforts on the Knowledge Economy Morocco's efforts on the knowledge economy Abelkader DJEFLAT Consultant CMI Revised, September 2012 1 List of tables Table n°1: Classification of Mena countries according to KEI level and level of unemployment Table n°2 : Progress made by Morocco in Health and Education Table n°3 : Doing business in Morocco Table n°4 : the Building blocks of the Green Morocco Plan Table n°5: The six resorts benefiting from the Plan Azur (initial plan) Table n°6: Les five resorts planned in the Plan Azur 2020 (revised plan) Table n°7: The main components of the “Maroc Innovation Initiative” Table n°8 : Expected growth and balance of public/private funding of R&D by 2025 List of figures Figure n°1: GDP per capita in constant 2000 PPP adjusted dollars Figure n°2: Composition of output (%) Morocco and comparators Figure n°2b: Various trade agreements of Morocco Figure n°4 : The openness of the economy 1995-2004 Figure n°5: Rate of unemployment and age group (2011) Figure n°6: Percentage of first job seekers (2008) Figure n°7: Diversification Index (2008) Figure n°8: Diversification export index in Mena countries 2006 Figure 9: The HHI exports concentration index for selected countries Figure n°10: Morocco compared to Argentina and Turkey through KEI (KAM 2012) Figure n°11: Elements of the Global Competitiveness index in Morocco (2010 – 2011) Figure n°12: Doing Business Morocco ranking (2011 – 2012) Figure n°13 :Venture Capital Availability (2009-2010) Figure n°14: The Most Problematic Factors for Doing Business Figure n°15 : Scores of the education index (2012) of Morocco and Mena region Figure n°16: Gross Tertiary Enrolment (Per Cent of Relevant Age Group) Figure n°17: Illiteracy Rates (Per Cent of Adult Population, 15+) Figure n°18: Ranking in relation to the quality of research institutions Figure n°19: Number of scientific and engineering articles per million people (2007) Figure n°20 : Number of scientific and engineering articles with foreign co authorship per million people (2008) Figure n°21: Distribution of the Cedos in universities (2008-2009) Figure n°22: The national system of innovation and research (SNRI) of Morocco Figure n°23: Innovation sub-index : KAM 2012 2 Figure n°24: R&D spending as percentage of GDP Figure n°25: Sources of research funding in Morocco Figure n°26: Risk capital as a percentage of GDP in Morocco Figure 27 : Distribution of researchers by sector of activity: 2000 and 2008 Figure n°28: Availability of scientists and engineers (2010 – 2011) Figure n°29: Public procurement of advanced technological products (ranking) Figure n°30: Community Innovation Survey : most innovations are modified Figure n°31 : Number of patents registered by residents and foreign companies Figure n°32: Patents granted by USPTO/million people average 2003 – 2007 Figure n°33: High Tech Exports as percentage of GDP Figure n°34: CNRST as operator and promoter of research, R&D and Innovation Figure n°35: Network readiness index : 2009-2011 Figure n°36: Secure internet services per million people Figure n°37: ICT Price basket (2010) Figure n°38: The Moroccan KE implementation framework Figure n°39: Orientation of the 2025 Research Strategy Figure n°40: Contributing to closing the tech-based value-creation loop Figure n°41: human capital growing critical mass List of boxes Box n°1: The newly introduced PowerCARD by HPS in Morocco Box n°2: Professional associations Box n°3: The Casa-technopark Box n°4: Arcos Technologies Box n°5: Example of an emerging electronic payment cluster List of acronyms ADA: Agence pour le Développement Agricole AKR: Arab Knowledge Report AMO: Assurance Maladie Obligatoire ANAPEC: Agence Nationale de Promotion de l’Emploi et des Compétences ANOC: Association Nationale des Eleveurs Ovins et Caprins 3 ANRT: Agence Nationale de Règlementation des Télécommunications APC : Approche par les Compétences APEBI: Fédération des Technologies de l’Information, des Télécommunications et de l’Offshoring BMCE: Banque Marocaine du Commerce Extérieur BOT: Build-Operate-Transfer Cedocs : Centres d’Etudes Doctorales CCME : Conseil de la Communauté Marocaine à l’Etranger CCRC : Consultative Commission on Constitutional Reform CDG : Caisse de dépôt et de gestion CGEM : Confédération Générale des Entreprises du Maroc CFG: Capital Finance Group CMI : Centre Monétique Interbancaire CMI: Centre de Marseille pour l'Intégration en Méditerranée CNAM: Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers CNRST: Centre National pour la Recherche Scientifique et Technique COPAG : Coopératives Agricoles CRI : Centre Régional d’Investissement CSE : Casablanca Stock Exchange CT : Casa-technopark DIE : Diversification Index-Export EACCE (Etablissement Autonome pour la Coordination et le Contrôle des Exportations) EIR: Economic and Institutional Regime EMI : Ecole Mohammadia d’ingénieurs ENSIAS: École Nationale Supérieure d'Informatique et d'Analyse des Systèmes ERC: Equity and Reconciliation Commission EU : European Union FDI: Foreign Direct Investment FEMIP: Facility for Euro-Mediterranean Investment and Partnership (FEMIP) FIT : finishing-dyeing-printing GAFTA : Greater Arab Free Trade Agreement GCC: Gulf Cooperation Council GDP: Gross Domestic Product GFCF: Gross Fixed Capital Formulation GGGI : Global Gender Gap Index GIP : Groupement d’Intérêt Public GPBM : Moroccan Professional Association of Banks 4 HPS : High Powered Systems IFC : International Finance Corporation IIT : Intra industrial trade IKED: International Organisation for Knowledge Economy and Enterprise Development IMME: Industries Métallurgiques, Mécanique, Electronique INDH: Initiative National pour le Développement Humain IPR: Intellectual Property Rights IT : Information Technology ITU: International Telecommunication Union IUR: International University of Rabat KBE : Knowledge Based Economy KEI : Knowledge Economy Index KAM: Knowledge Assessment Methodology KSA: Kingdom of Saudi Arabia LTD: Lead Tech Design MENA: Middle East and North Africa MENESFCR: Ministère de l’Enseignement Supérieur, de la Recherche Scientifique et de la Formation des Cadres MITC : Moroccan Information Technopark Company MPV : Maroc Plan Vert OFPPT: Office de la Formation Professionnelle et de la Promotion du Travail OMPIC : Office Marocain de la Propriété Industrielle et Commerciale ONA : Omnium North Africa PACTE: Programme d'Accès généralisé aux Télécommunications PGI : Parity Gender Index P2I : Plateforme Industrielle Intégrée ROSC: Report on the observance of Standards and Codes SAU: Surface Agricole Utile S&E: Science & Engineering SME: Small and Medium Enterprises SNRA: Système National de Recherche Agronomique TFP: Tax on professional training OPCVM TIMSS: Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study TNC: Transnational Corporations TYLCV: Tomato Yellow Leaf Curl Virus UAE: United Arab Emirates 5 USPTO : United States Patent and Trademark Office VC: Venture Capital WBI: World Bank Institute WTO: World Trade Organization WEF: World Economic Forum 6 Outline List of tables List of figures List of boxes List of acronyms Introduction …………………………………………………………………….. 8 General background…………………………………………………………….9 I - Morocco efforts in the Knowledge Economy pillars……………………….16 1.1. EIR…………………………………………………………………...19 1.2. Education and training……………………………………………….24 1.3. National System of Innovation………………………………………..30 1.4. ICTs…………………………………………………………………..44 II - Initiatives that are taking place on the KE in the various plans………………….49 2.1. Sector specific plans…………………………………………………………….50 2.1.1. National Pact for Industrial Emergence (2009 – 2015)………………………50 2.1.2. The Maroc Plan Vert………………………………………………………...55 2.1.3. The Plan Halieutis…………………………………………………………...58 2.1.4. The “Vision 2020” and the Plan Azur……………………………………….60 2.2. Function specific plans…………………………………………………………63 2.2.1. Initiative Maroc Innovation……………………………………………….....63 2.2.2. Maroc Numeric 2013………………………………………………………..71 2.2.3. The Plan d’Urgence for Education: 2009-2012……………………………....73 2.3. Territory specific programmes ………………………………………………...76 Conclusion………………………………………………………………………...80 Summary of main results…………………………………………………………..81 References……………………..…………………………………………………..87 7 Introduction In a global economy that is increasingly characterized by rapid, non-linear changes from unexpected sources, the success of individuals, firms, regions and national economies is based on their capability to learn by entering virtuous circles while rapidly extricating themselves from vicious circle ones. Knowledge does make a difference and he interface between the various institutions involved in knowledge and innovation (University, Government, Industry, and Diaspora) is central to this process. The focus of the policy discussion is how to get the process of knowledge-based transformation going rather than listing the preconditions for the knowledge economy, with China, India and to certain extent Turkey as major paragons to follow. Morocco has embarked in the implementation of knowledge approach and principle before a full scale knowledge economy plan was figured out, unlike some other countries in the Mena region. The four pillars have nonetheless benefitted from long terms plans and programs. Morocco has thus developed a vision Maroc Numeric following the national IT (Information Technology) policy (2009-2013). The education system has undergone important expansion and consecutive reforms to bring it to increase quality and give higher chances of graduate finding jobs. On the EIR, the mise à niveau du tissu économique national program1 added to privatization
Load more

Recommended publications
  • World Bank Document
    Public Disclosure Authorized Morocco Infrastructure Review May 2020 (originally published in French in December 2019) Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Final version © 2020 International Bank for Reconstruction and Development / The World Bank 1818 H Street NW, Washington, DC 20433 Telephone: 202-473-1000; Internet: www.worldbank.org This work was originally published by the World Bank in French in 2019. In case of discrepancies, the original language should prevail. This work is a product of the staff of The World Bank with external contributions. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this work do not necessarily reflect the views of The World Bank, its Board of Executive Directors, or the governments they represent. The World Bank does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this work. The boundaries, colors, denominations, and other information shown on any map in this work do not imply any judgment on the part of The World Bank concerning the legal status of any territory or the endorsement or acceptance of such boundaries. Rights and Permissions The material in this work is subject to copyright. Because The World Bank encourages dissemination of its knowledge, this work may be reproduced, in whole or in part, for noncommercial purposes as long as full attribution to this work is given. Please cite the work as follows: 2020. Morocco Infrastructure Review. World Bank, Washington D. C. Any queries on rights and licenses, including subsidiary rights,
    [Show full text]
  • Insights Into Regional Development
    ISSN 2669-0195 ONLINE http://doi.org/10.9770/IRD.2019.1.3 INSIGHTS INTO REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT Volume 1 Number 3 September 2019 http://jssidoi.org/jesi/ INSIGHTS INTO REGIONAL DEVELOPMNET ISSN 2669-0195 (online) http://jssidoi.org/IRD/ 2019 Volume 1 Number 3 (September) http://doi.org/10.9770/IRD.2019.1.3 Publisher http://jssidoi.org/esc/home Volume 1 Number 3 September 2019 INSIGHTS INTO REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT* * The journal was launched as a platform for dissemination of the project results, which has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme Marie Sklodowska-Curie Research and Innovation Staff Exchanges ES H2020-MSCA-RISE-2014 CLUSDEVMED (2015-2019) Grant Agreement Number 645730730 INSIGHTS INTO REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT ISSN 2669-0195 (online) is a peer-reviewed journal, which publishes original research papers and case studies. It is international journal published cooperating with universities, social companies, consultancies and associations. It is published quarterly. Areas of research include, but are not limited to, the following: Conceptual/Practical Approaches and Methodologies towards Sustainable Regional Development Globalization, Internationalization and Solutions for Low-Carbon Economies of Scope or Scale Innovations and Technology Transfer Pilot Results Advancing Regional Development Information Technologies (IT) and Information Communication Technologies (ICT) for Regional
    [Show full text]
  • Egypt, Jordan, Morocco and Tunisia: Key Trends in the Agrifood Sector
    Egypt, Morocco, Tunisia and Jordan - and Jordan Tunisia Morocco, Egypt, Egypt, Jordan, Morocco and Tunisia Key trends in the agrifood sector in the agrifood Key trends Key trends in the agrifood sector Please address comments and inquiries to: Investment Centre Division Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) Viale delle Terme di Caracalla – 00153 Rome, Italy [email protected] 22 Report No. www.fao.org/investment/en Report No. 22 - September 2015 I4897E/2/11.15 Egypt, Jordan, Morocco and Tunisia Key trends in the agrifood sector Nuno Santos Economist, Investment Centre Division, FAO Iride Ceccacci Food Security Economist, EBRD COUNTRY HIGHLIGHTS prepared under the FAO/EBRD Cooperation FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS Rome, 2015 The designations employed and the presentation of material in this information product do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) or the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD) concerning the legal or development status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. The mention of specific companies or products of manufacturers, whether or not these have been patented, does not imply that these have been endorsed or recommended by FAO or the EBRD in preference to others of a similar nature that are not mentioned. The views expressed in this information product are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of FAO or the EBRD.
    [Show full text]
  • Morocco: an Emerging Economic Force
    Morocco: An Emerging Economic Force The kingdom is rapidly developing as a manufacturing export base, renewable energy hotspot and regional business hub OPPORTUNITIES SERIES NO.3 | DECEMBER 2019 TABLE OF CONTENTS SUMMARY 3 I. ECONOMIC FORECAST 4-10 1. An investment and export-led growth model 5-6 2. Industrial blueprint targets modernisation. 6-7 3. Reforms seek to attract foreign investment 7-9 3.1 Improvements to the business environment 8 3.2 Specific incentives 8 3.3 Infrastructure improvements 9 4. Limits to attractiveness 10 II. SECTOR OPPORTUNITIES 11-19 1. Export-orientated manufacturing 13-15 1.1 Established and emerging high-value-added industries 14 2. Renewable energy 15-16 3. Tourism 16-18 4. Logistics services 18-19 III. FOREIGN ECONOMIC RELATIONS 20-25 1. Africa strategy 20-23 1.1 Greater export opportunities on the continent 21 1.2 Securing raw material supplies 21-22 1.3 Facilitating trade between Africa and the rest of the world 22 1.4 Keeping Africa opportunities in perspective 22-23 2. China ties deepening 23-24 2.1 Potential influx of Chinese firms 23-24 2.2 Moroccan infrastructure to benefit 24 3 Qatar helping to mitigate reduction in gulf investment 24-25 IV. KEY RISKS 26-29 1. Social unrest and protest 26-28 1.1 2020 elections and risk of upsurge in protest 27-28 1.2 But risks should remain contained 28 2. Other important risks 29 2.1 Export demand disappoints 29 2.2 Exposure to bad loans in SSA 29 2.3 Upsurge in terrorism 29 SUMMARY Morocco will be a bright spot for investment in the MENA region over the next five years.
    [Show full text]
  • Wind Power Business in the Middle East and North Africa
    UNIVERISTY OF VAASA FACULTY OF TECHNOLOGY DEPARTMENT OF PRODUCTION Marhaf Kharat Halou WIND POWER BUSINESS IN THE MIDDLE EAST AND NORTH AFRICA Market Analysis through Supply Chain and Marketing Perspectives Master‟s Thesis in Economics and Business Administration Industrial Management VAASA 2012 2 FOREWORD Firstly, thanks God almighty for supporting me through all my life. Then I would like to thank my thesis Supervisor, Professor Petri Helo for his time and support which I cannot describe with words. I have personally learned a lot through the endeavor. I believe that our mission in life is to live in peace and harmony while as we develop innovations for making our lives easier without harming our environment. Renewable energy is the key for green future. I would like to thank my family members for supporting and believing in me; I would not have achieved any of this without their support. I would like to thank my friends and all Industrial Management group staff at university of Vaasa for their help and knowledge. I would like to thank Finland as a great country for offering this opportunity to develop my skills and to deepen my international life experiences and work experiences. Finally, I would like to express my special thanks to my dearest parents for making it possible to be where I am now but the true dedication should go to the Syrian revolution and its martyrs who taught us the true meaning of dignity and ambition. They were the real motivation for me to go ahead in my life and feel the need to improve myself, to prove that our youth can go beyond the barriers and restrictions, and to share a very small part of the success with those brave people who gave it all to our country.
    [Show full text]
  • Solutions from an Environmental, Political, Social and Economic Perspective
    Morocco’s economy is growing at a sustained pace involving critical development activities in sectors like: Industry; agriculture; tourism; and energy. The water demand of these sectors will have to be met against the backdrop of shrinking water resources and amidst rapidly growing competition for water use. For the Public Disclosure Authorized country, adaptation to climate change is the cornerstone of any program or policy on sustainable development. Some economic sectors or ecosystems are more sensitive than others are to climate change and groundwater depletion is at the centre of all these concerns. FAO/WB Cooperative Public Disclosure Authorized Programme. Nationally determined contribution support on the groundwater, energy and food security nexus in Morocco. Final Draft Public Disclosure Authorized Ismail Oudra / Water Resources Specialist, (FAO-TCIA) Peter Talks / Agricultural Policy Specialist, (FAO-Consultant) The opinions expressed in this report remain solely those of the authors and not of the Government of Morocco. Public Disclosure Authorized 1 | P a g e FAO/WB Cooperative Programme: Nationally determined contribution support on the groundwater, energy and food security nexus in Morocco. CONTENTS Executive summary ................................................................................................................................................ 0 Acronyms .............................................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Project Appraisal Document
    Document of The World Bank FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY Public Disclosure Authorized Report No: PAD1362 INTERNATIONAL BANK FOR RECONSTRUCTION AND DEVELOPMENT PROJECT APPRAISAL DOCUMENT ON A PROPOSED LOAN Public Disclosure Authorized IN THE AMOUNT OF US$50 MILLION TO THE KINGDOM OF MOROCCO FOR A FINANCING INNOVATIVE STARTUPS AND SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES PROJECT Public Disclosure Authorized February 16, 2017 Finance and Markets Global Practice Middle East and North Africa Region Public Disclosure Authorized This document has a restricted distribution and may be used by recipients only in the performance of their official duties. Its contents may not otherwise be disclosed without World Bank authorization. CURRENCY EQUIVALENTS (Exchange Rate Effective January 4, 2017) Currency Unit = Moroccan Dirhams (MAD) MAD 1 = US$0.10 US$1 = MAD 10.16 FISCAL YEAR January 1 – December 31 ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS AFEM Moroccan Women CEOs’ Association (Association des Femmes chefs d’Entreprises du Maroc) AMIC Moroccan Association of Equity Investors (Association Marocaine Des Investisseurs en Capital) AMMC Moroccan Capital Market Authority (Autorité Marocaine du Marchés des Capitaux) BAM Bank Al-Maghrib CCG Central Guarantee Agency (Caisse Centrale de Garantie) CDG Asset Management Company (Caisse des Dépôts et de Gestion) CDVM Capital Market Regulator (Conseil Déontologique des Valeurs Immobilières) CAGR Compound Annual Growth Rate CGEM Association of Moroccan Enterprises (Confédération Générale des Entreprises du Maroc) CNRST National Center for Scientific
    [Show full text]
  • Greening the Agriculture System: Morocco's Political Failure In
    Greening the Agriculture System: Morocco’s Political Failure in Building a Sustainable Model for Development By Jihane Benamar Mentored by Dr. Harry Verhoeven A Thesis Submitted in Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements for the Award of Honors in International Politics, Edmund A. Walsh School of Foreign Service, Georgetown University, Spring 2018. CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................ 2 • THE MOROCCAN PUZZLE .................................................................................................... 5 • WHY IS AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT IMPORTANT FOR MOROCCO? .............................. 7 • WHY THE PLAN MAROC VERT? .......................................................................................... 8 METHODOLOGY ................................................................................................................... 11 CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW ................................................................................................ 13 • A CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK FOR “DEVELOPMENT”....................................................... 14 • ROSTOW, STRUCTURAL ADJUSTMENT PROGRAMS (SAPS) & THE OLD DEVELOPMENT DISCOURSE ......................................................................................................................... 19 • THE ROLE OF AGRICULTURE IN DEVELOPMENT .............................................................. 24 • SUSTAINABILITY AND THE DISCOURSE ON DEVELOPMENT & AGRICULTURE ................
    [Show full text]
  • Livre Blanc Sécurité Evolution
    Lettre de veille Maraacid Conjoncture (Juillet - Septembre 2016) ©CND/HCP 2016 Lettre de veille Maraacid Conjoncture (Juillet - Septembre 2016) CONJONCTURE ECONOMIQUE ................................................................................................. 18 Compétitivité : Les entraves au climat des affaires au Maroc ......................................................................................... 18 L’économie circulaire, possible au Maroc ? ..................................................................................................................... 18 Conjoncture : Le diagnostic de Jouahri ............................................................................................................................ 18 Note de conjoncture de la DEPF n° 235 (Septembre 2016) .............................................................................................. 18 Prêt de 2,5 millions d’euros de la BERD pour soutenir le secteur agroalimentaire au Maroc .......................................... 18 Quelles pistes pour un nouveau modèle économique pour le Maroc ? ........................................................................... 19 Asseoir une véritable révision du système économique actuel ....................................................................................... 19 Rapport de la Cnuced sur le commerce et le développement: La R&D avance au Maroc, la productivité ne suit pas ...... 19 Hausse de l’activité du secteur des services marchands non financiers ..........................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • PDF-Download
    Michaël Tanchum FOKUS | 8/2020 Morocco‘s Africa-to-Europe Commercial Corridor: Gatekeeper of an emerging trans-regional strategic architecture Morocco’s West-Africa-to-Western-Europe framework of this emerging trans-regional emerging West-Africa-to-Western-Europe commercial transportation corridor is commercial architecture for years to come. commercial corridor. The November 15, redefining the geopolitical parameters of 2018 inauguration of the first segment of the global scramble for Africa and, with Morocco’s Construction of an Africa-to- the landmark high-speed line was presi- it, the strategic architecture of the Medi- Europe Corridor ded over by King Mohammed VI himself, in terranean basin. By massively expanding conjunction with French President Emma- the port capacity on its Mediterranean Situated in the northwest corner of Africa, nuel Macron.2 Seven years in construction, coast, Morocco has surpassed Spain and is fronting the Atlantic Ocean on its western the $2.3 billion line was built as a joint poised to become the dominant maritime coast and the Mediterranean Sea on its venture between France’s national railway hub in the western Mediterranean. Having northern coast, the Kingdom of Morocco company Société Nationale des Chemins constructed Africa’s first high-speed rail line, historically has been a geographical pivot de Fer Français (SNCF) and its Moroccan Morocco’s extension of the line to the Mau- for interchange between Europe, Africa, state counterpart Office National des Che- ritanian border, will transform Morocco into and the Middle East. In recent years, the mins de Fer (ONCF). Outfitted with Avelia the preeminent connectivity node in the semi-constitutional monarchy has adroitly Euroduplex high-speed trains produced nexus of commercial routes that connect combined the soft power resources of by French manufacturer Alstom, the initial West Africa to Europe and the Middle East.
    [Show full text]
  • Marrakech – a City of Cultural Tourism Riikka Moreau, Associate Karen Smith, MRICS, Director Bernard Forster, Director
    2005 Marrakech – A city of cultural tourism Riikka Moreau, Associate Karen Smith, MRICS, Director Bernard Forster, Director HVS INTERNATIONAL LONDON 14 Hallam Street London, W1W 6JG +44 20 7878-7738 +44 20 7436-3386 (Fax) September 2005 New York San Francisco Boulder Denver Miami Dallas Chicago Washington, D.C. Weston, CT Phoenix Mt. Lakes, NJ Vancouver Toronto London Madrid New Delhi Singapore Hong Kong Sydney São Paulo Buenos Aires Newport, RI HALFWAY THROUGH THE VISION 2010 PLAN TIME-FRAME – WHAT HAS BEEN ACHIEVED SO FAR AND WHAT OF THE FUTURE? Morocco As has been much documented already, Morocco has immense plans and ambitions to become a tourist destination to enable it to compete effectively alongside other Mediterranean countries such as Spain, Italy and Greece. To briefly recap, the king of Morocco announced in January 2001 that tourism had been identified as a national priority; the government’s ‘Vision 2010’ (or ‘Plan Azur’) strategy embodied this strategy. From the outset the key objectives of Vision 2010 were as follows. To increase tourist numbers to 10 million per annum by 2010; The development of six new coastal resorts; The construction of 80,000 new hotel bedrooms, with two-thirds to be in seaside destinations; 600,000 New jobs to be created in the hotel and tourism industry. Alongside these objectives, which were essentially focused on the mass tourism sector, cities such as Marrakech and Casablanca also set out their own strategies to develop their share of the tourism market. These plans were launched at a time when the world economy was continuing to grow; however, this situation very quickly changed in 2001.
    [Show full text]
  • Morocco's Power Sector Transition: Achievements and Potential
    Morocco’s Power Sector Transition: Achievements and Potential © 2015 IAI by Tayeb Amegroud 978-88-98650-29-3 SBN Paper produced within the framework of the IAI-OCP Policy Center partnership 2280-4341 | I SSN I ABSTRACT As the only North African country with no own oil resources, Morocco is the largest energy importer in the region. The country is faced with the challenging task of meeting rising RY 2015 RY local demand while keeping its import bill under control. A Against this backdrop, Morocco is pursuing an ambitious, cost- effective energy transition aimed at endowing the country with a sustainable, competitive and secure energy sector. This paper assesses the achievements and constraints facing the Moroccan energy system with a focus on the power sector, which is responsible for the transformation or production of more than half of the country’s primary energy. It also dwells ERs 15 | 05 - FebrU ERs on existing policies aimed at integrating the Moroccan energy AP market into the regional and Euro-Mediterranean energy systems by exploiting its strategic position at the crossroads NG P I between the Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea. Morocco | Energy | Electricity keywords IAI WORK Morocco’s Power Sector Transition: Achievements and Potential Morocco’s Power Sector Transition: Achievements and Potential by Tayeb Amegroud* © 2015 IAI Introduction As the only North African country with no natural oil resources, Morocco is the largest energy importer in the region. The country is faced with the challenging task of meeting rising local demand while keeping its import bill under control. This has proven to be a major problem as consumption figures and global commodity prices have increased, putting particular pressure on the country’s finances.
    [Show full text]