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Morocco: Strengthening Integrity in the Energy, Transportation And… Morocco Strengthening Integrity in the Energy, Transportation and Health Sectors RELATIONS MONDIALES Moyen Orient et Afrique du Nord منظمة التعاون والتنمية االقتصادية تشـكل منظمـة التعـاون والتنميـة االقتصاديـة منتـدى فريـد مـن نوعـه، حيـث تعمـل الحكومـات سـوياً علـى مواجهـة التحديـات االقتصاديـة واالجتماعيـة والبيئيـة التـي فرضتهـا العولمـة. كمـا تتصـدر منظمة التعـاون والتنميـة االقتصادية الجهـود المبذولـة لفهـم التطـورات العالميـة الحاليـة والمخـاوف التـي تثيرهـا. وتسـاعد الحكومـات علـى االسـتجابة للتطـورات الجديـدة مـن خـالل دراسـة المواضيـع مثـل حوكمـة الشـركات واقتصـاد المعلومـات والتحديـات التـي تثيرها شـيخوخة السـكان. وتوفـر المنظمـة للحكومـات ًإطـارا يتيـح لهـا مقارنة خبراتهـا في مجال السياسـات والسـعي للحصول علـى إجابـات للمشـاكل المشـتركة والتعرف على الممارسـات السـليمة والعمل على تنسـيق السياسـات الوطنيـة والدولية. الـدول أاالعضـاء فـي منظمـة التعـاون والتنمية االقتصاديـة هي: ألمانيا وأسـتراليا والنمسـا وبلجيكا وكندا وتشـيلي وكوري والدنمارك وإسـبانيا وإسـتونيا والواليات المتحدة وفنلندا وفرنسـا واليونان والمجر وأيرلنديا وأيسـلندا وإسـرائيل وإيطاليا واليابـان والتفيـا ولوكسـمبورغ والمكسـيك والنـروج ونيوزيلنـدا وهولنـدا وبولنـدا والبرتغـال والجمهوريـة السـلوفاكية والجمهوريـة التشـيكية والمملكـة المتحـدة وسـلوفينيا والسـويد وسويسـرا وتركيا. تشـارك المفوضية أاالوروبيـة في أعمال منظمـة التعـاون والتنميـة االقتصادية. www.oecd.org/fr برنامـج التنافسية في الشـرق أاالوسـط وشـمال إفريقيـا لمنظمة التعاون والتنمية االقتصادية أ يدعـم البرنامـج إاالصالحـات الراميـة إلـى حشـد االسـتثمار وتنمية القطـاع الخـاص وريادة االعمـال بوصفها قـوى دافعة للنمـو وفـرص العمـل في منطقة الشـرق أاالوسـط وشـمال أفريقيا، مع االعتراف بضرورة إشـراك الشـباب والنسـاء، الذين يزداد مسـتوى تدريبهم. تـم إطـالق البرنامـج فـي عـام 2005، بنـاء علـى طلـب حكومـات دول الشـرق أاالوسـط وشـمال أفريقيـا، ويعمـل علـى مواجهـة التحديـات إاالقليميـة والوطنيـة مـن خـالل نهجـه القائـم علـى الحـوار المبتكـر بشـأن السياسـات والتعلـم مـن أ االقـران وبنـاء القـدرات. وقـد أصبـح مبـادرة ديناميكيـة قـادرة علـى ّالتكيـف مـع الوضـع ّالمتغيـر فـي المنطقـة. يغطـي البرنامـج الجزائر والمملكة العربية السـعودية والسـلطة الفلسـطينية والبحرين وجيبوتي ومصـر إواالمارات العربية المتحـدة والعـراق أواالردن والكويـت ولبنـان وموريتانيا والمغرب عمان وقطر وسـوريا وتونس واليمن. www.oecd.org/fr/sites/mena/competitivite جهة االتصال: [email protected] Morocco project insight [f] AR.indd 2 29/06/2018 17:35 Competitiveness and private sector development Morocco STRENGTHENING INTEGRITY IN THE ENERGY, TRANSPORTATION AND HEALTH SECTORS JUNE 2018 This book is published under the responsibility of the Secretary-General of the OECD. The opinions and interpretations expressed do not necessarily reflect the official views of OECD member countries. This document and any map it may include are without prejudice to the status of or sovereignty over any territory, to the delimitation of international boundaries and borders, the name of any territory, city or area. Photo credits: Cover © designed by Baseline © OECD - 2018 Copying, downloading or printing OECD content for personal use is permitted. It is possible to include excerpts from OECD publications, databases and multimedia products in documents, presentations, blogs, websites and educational material, subject to acknowledgment of source and copyright. Any request for public or commercial use concerning translation rights should be addressed to [email protected]. Any request for permission to photocopy some of the content for public or commercial purposes must be submitted to the Copyright Clearance Center (CCC), [email protected], or to the Centre français d’exploitation du droit de copie (CFC), [email protected]. TABLE OF CONTENTS OVERVIEW .................................................................................................................................................................................................. 5 METHODOLOGY ...................................................................................................................................................................................... 7 ACKOWLEDGMENTS .............................................................................................................................................................................. 9 ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS .............................................................................................................................................. 11 INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................................................................................................... 13 MOROCCO: A DECADE OF REFORMS IN FAVOUR OF THE BUSINESS CLIMATE ........................................................ 15 Corruption hinders good business conduct ......................................................................................................................... 15 Companies in the fight against corruption ........................................................................................................................... 17 Strengthening business integrity in Morocco ...................................................................................................................... 18 OVERVIEW OF THE ENERGY, TRANSPORTATION AND HEALTH SECTORS .................................................................. 21 SECTION I: ENERGY SECTOR ............................................................................................................................................................ 23 1.1 Energy sector: Status .......................................................................................................................................................... 23 1.2 Energy sector: Sector Development Strategy ........................................................................................................... 27 1.3 The energy sector: Risks of corruption ........................................................................................................................ 32 1.4 Energy sector: Action points for the future ............................................................................................................... 36 SECTION II: THE TRANSPORT SECTOR ........................................................................................................................................ 39 2.1 Transport sector: Status .................................................................................................................................................... 39 2.2 Transport sector: Sector development strategy ...................................................................................................... 42 2.3 Transport sector: Risks of corruption ........................................................................................................................... 46 2.4 Transport sector: Action points for the future ......................................................................................................... 47 SECTION III: THE HEALTH SECTOR ................................................................................................................................................ 49 3.1 Health sector: Status ........................................................................................................................................................... 49 3.2 Health sector: Sector development strategy ............................................................................................................ 54 3.3 Health sector: Corruption risks ....................................................................................................................................... 54 3.4 Health sector: Action points for the future ................................................................................................................ 57 Morocco - Overview of Integrity Risks in the Energy, Transportation and Health Sectors - © OECD 2018 3 Figures: Figure 1: Foreign direct investment (FDI) inflows, net inflows (% of GDP) ……………………………...13 Figure 2: Distribution of energy injected by type of fuel………………………………………………………….24 Figure 3: Distribution of installed capacity by energy source .................................................................. 25 Figure 4: Evolution of electricity production ................................................................................................... 25 Figure 5: Evolution of electricity consumption ............................................................................................... 27 Figure 6: Investment distribution by sector ..................................................................................................... 40 Figure 7: Investment in billions of Euros ........................................................................................................... 41 Figure 8: Air traffic development ......................................................................................................................... 41 Figure 9: Changes in total and public health expenditure (% GDP) ....................................................... 49 Figure 10: Annual changes to the Ministry of Health budget 2007-2017.............................................. 50 Figure 11: Market shares in the pharmaceutical industry ............................................................................. 52 Tables: Table 1: Installed capacity 2015 .........................................................................................................................
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