DOCSLIB.ORG

NH Final Thesis

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
NH Final Thesis SOCIAL MARKETING AND THE CORRUPTION CONUNDRUM IN MOROCCO: AN EXPLORATORY ANALYSIS N. HAMELIN Ph.D. 2016 i SOCIAL MARKETING AND THE CORRUPTION CONUNDRUM IN MOROCCO: AN EXPLORATORY ANALYSIS NICOLAS HAMELIN A thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements of the University of East London for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy February, 2016 ii Abstract The modern world is characterised by socio-economic disruptions, civil unrests, and weakening of many societal institutions, amongst many other challenges to our social fabric. Therefore, scholars are increasingly scouring a wide variety of conceptual prisms to seek explanations and possible solutions to those problems contemporaneously manifesting themselves. The pervading force of corruption, across the globe, remains a major concern among nations, multilateral agencies, such as Transparency International, and more profoundly in major business and public policy discourses. For many developing countries, especially those with weak institutions, high levels of corruption are causatively associated with high levels of poverty, poor economic performance and under-development. Against this background, using the Kingdom of Morocco as a contextual base, this thesis explores the growing incidence of corruption, which has stunted the nation’s positive development, as well as its triggers, antecedents and consequences. Whilst the literature is replete with treatments of corruption across time and space, such treatments have focused on social and macroeconomic underpinnings but largely lack rigorous marketing-framed explorations. Following on from this lacuna, this thesis situates the treatment of corruption in Morocco within the conceptual frame of social marketing — a demonstrably robust platform for analysing societal issues and, indeed, a validated behavioural intervention model. A two-pronged data collection method was applied, based on the positivistic paradigm and involving a total of 1,000 respondents. Data analysis was accomplished through the use of logistic regression and propensity score matching techniques to remove socio-demographics biases. Findings based on micro-level data revealed salient socio-demographic and societal factors of corruption, such as gender-gap, in justifiability of corruption and corruption intention. Over twice as many men (20.5 per cent) stated that they could be tempted by corruption, whereas the rate for women was 8.4 per cent. In terms of social marketing campaigns, the evaluation shows that the campaign did manage to raise awareness among the public by about 60 per cent, it also changed perceptions about corruption with a modest but significant 8.2 per cent increase among population perceiving corruption as immoral. Similarly, respondents exposed to the campaign had a 20.8 per cent higher intention to change their proclivity towards corruption compared with the population not exposed to the campaign — with family influence reported as the main predictor of intention to change. iii The uniqueness of this thesis lies in its pioneering and boundary spanning role, context- specific statistical treatment of data to achieve empirical substantiation and, at the same time, this thesis puts the markers in place for future studies. In this regard, the thesis is a significant contribution to the empirical literature whilst simultaneously opening up a number of policy trajectories for formulating and evaluating anti-corruption campaigns. iv Table of Contents Abstract ................................................................................................................. iii Table of Contents .................................................................................................. v List of Tables .......................................................................................................... x List of Figures ........................................................................................................ xi Acknowledgments ............................................................................................... xiii Chapter 1 Introduction ..................................................................................... 1 1.1 Background and Context ................................................................................ 2 1.2 Demographics of Morocco ............................................................................. 3 1.3 The Makhzen ................................................................................................. 4 1.4 Social and Political Unrest .............................................................................. 4 1.5 Corruption and Clientelism in Morocco .......................................................... 6 1.6 Islam and Corruption ..................................................................................... 6 1.7 The Arab Spring ............................................................................................. 7 1.8 Women and Microcredits as a Way Forward .................................................. 8 1.9 Morocco’s New Government ......................................................................... 9 1.10 Social Marketing Campaign to Fight Corruption ......................................... 10 1.11 Statement of the Problem and Research Questions ................................... 11 1.11.1 Research Objectives ............................................................................ 12 1.12 Scope of the Research ................................................................................ 12 Chapter 2 Literature Review .......................................................................... 14 2.1 Corruption ................................................................................................... 14 2.1.1.1 World Bank and Transparency International Definitions ............................ 15 2.1.1.2 A Wide Spectrum of Definitions ............................................................ 15 2.1.2 Post-Positivist Approach to Corruption .................................................. 17 2.1.2.1 Culture and Corruption ........................................................................ 18 2.1.3 Normative Controls and Corruption ...................................................... 19 v 2.1.3.1 Values ............................................................................................... 19 2.1.3.2 Social Capital ..................................................................................... 20 2.1.3.3 Civic Culture ...................................................................................... 20 2.1.3.4 Civil Society: Religion and Corruption ..................................................... 21 2.1.4 Corruption and Development ................................................................ 24 2.1.5 Morocco’s Fight Against Corruption ....................................................... 26 2.2 Social Marketing .......................................................................................... 27 2.2.1 Defining Social Marketing ...................................................................... 27 2.2.2 Social Marketing Objectives .................................................................. 30 2.2.2.1 Educate, Inform and Prevent ................................................................ 30 2.2.2.2 Attitude and Behaviour Change ............................................................ 31 2.2.2.3 Campaign Credibility ........................................................................... 31 2.2.3 Social Marketing Models ....................................................................... 32 2.2.4 Morocco’s Social Marketing Campaign Against Corruption ..................... 33 Chapter 3 Research Framework & Methodology ......................................... 36 3.1 Introduction ................................................................................................. 36 3.2 Research Paradigm ...................................................................................... 36 3.3 Philosophical Underpinning of Paradigms .................................................... 37 3.4 Quantitative, Qualitative and Mixed Methods Research Paradigms ............. 38 3.5 Post-Positivism, Constructivism, Advocacy/Participatory, and Pragmatism .. 38 3.6 Methodologies ............................................................................................. 39 3.7 The Case for Quantitative Paradigms in Corruption Research ....................... 40 3.8 Research Hypotheses ................................................................................... 41 3.9 Data Collection Methods: Expert-Based Surveys Versus Micro-Level Surveys 42 3.9.1 Expert Perception-Based Surveys ........................................................... 42 3.9.2 Micro-Level Survey: Establishing the Variables Impacting Corruption ...... 43 3.10 Instrumentation: The Survey ...................................................................... 46 3.11 Data Collection and Sampling ..................................................................... 47 3.11.1 The Pilot Study .................................................................................... 47 3.11.2 Language Issues .................................................................................. 48 3.11.3 Dress Code Issues ................................................................................ 49 3.11.4 Data Collection ...................................................................................
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Corruption Trends in the Middle East and North Africa Region (2007-2011)
    www.transparency.org www.cmi.no Corruption trends in the Middle East and North Africa Region (2007-2011) Query What do anti-corruption indexes and experts say about the levels and types of corruption in MENA countries over the last five years? What are the main areas and sources of corruption? Are there specific themes and issues that are common to a number of countries? What record do governments have in tackling corruption? Are there any examples of successful anti-corruption reforms in countries in the MENA region over the past five years? We are especially interested in country based issues - rather than regional – for Egypt, Morocco, Jordan, Tunisia and Libya. Purpose Summary This Expert Answer is to assist with developing a new anti-corruption strategy in the MENA region. In Revolutions sweeping across the Middle East and particular, the donor is interested in approaches it can North Africa (MENA) region during 2011 have shone take to reduce corruption in Egypt, Morocco, Jordan, light on widespread corruption, particularly political Tunisia and Libya. The aim is to pursue effective anti- corruption in the form of stolen assets by seemingly all corruption strategies in order to contribute to peace and the deposed leaders. There also has been widespread stability in the region. evidence of prolific patronage, nepotism, and collusion between the public and private sectors that has Content contributed to the heightened levels of civil unrest and public protests. 1. Corruption trends in the MENA region (2007 – 2011) The key anti-corruption indexes — namely Transparency International’s Corruption Perceptions 2. Country specific themes, issues and anti- Index, the Bertelsmann Foundation’s Transformation corruption reforms Index, Global Integrity’s Report, Freedom House’s 3.
    [Show full text]
  • De La Continuité Linguistique Du Préhilalien De Type Jebli Au-Delà Du Territoire Des Jbala
    DE LA CONTINUITÉ LINGUISTIQUE DU PRÉHILALIEN DE TYPE JEBLI AU-DELÀ DU TERRITOIRE DES JBALA Fouad BRIGUI* Université Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdellah - Fès BIBLID [1133-8571] 26 (2019) 01.1-20. Résumé : On considère, généralement, que le territoire des Jbala, au nord-ouest du Maroc, est limité, au sud, par le bassin de l’Oued Ouergha moyen, au nord, par le détroit de Gibraltar et, au nord-est, par le Rif et l’Oriental. Le parler des Jbala, de type préhilalien, se limiterait donc à cet espace géographique. Or, comme l’avaient déjà pressenti et indiqué des sémitisants de l’ère coloniale et comme l’ont confirmé des travaux récents, des parlers présentant des caractéristiques similaires aux parlers des Jbala sont attestés au sud-est et au sud-ouest de cette aire géographique. Cet article fait la synthèse de ces travaux et analyse des données recueillies récemment qui montrent la parenté entre le parler des Jbala et des parlers appartenant à des zones situées en dehors de ce territoire et qui en constituent, probablement, l’extension. Mots-clés : Dialectologie, Préhilalien, Jbala, Maroc, Géographie linguistique, Variation, Variante, Arabe, Substrat Abstract: It is generally considered that the territory of Jbala, in the north-west of Morocco, is bounded on the south by the Oued Ouergha Basin, on the north by the Strait of Gibraltar and on the north-east by the Rif and the Oriental region. The dialect of Jbala, pertaining to the prehilalian type, would be limited to this geographical region. However, as it has been suggested and indicated by some colonial times Semitists and confirmed by recent work, some dialects showing similar features to Jbala dialects are attested in the southeast and southwest of this geographical area.
    [Show full text]
  • Assessment of Anti-Corruption Law in Morocco and Some Proposed Amendments Bryane Michael, Linacre College
    When EU Law meets Arabic Law: Assessment of Anti-Corruption Law in Morocco and Some Proposed Amendments Bryane Michael, Linacre College Introduction .................................................................................................................................................... 2 Overview of Corruption in Morocco .............................................................................................................. 3 Policy and Legal Framework to Fight Corruption.......................................................................................... 7 The Anti-Corruption Agency, National Strategy and Action Plan ................................................................10 Legal Strategy: East Meets West in Morocco ...............................................................................................18 Conclusion.....................................................................................................................................................24 Appendix 1: Decree 2-05-1228 of the 13 march 2007 instituting the Central Agency of Prevention of Corruption .....................................................................................................................................................25 Appendix 2: Criminal Provisions against Corruption contained in the Moroccan Criminal Code................29 Summary This article reviews the present state of the adoption of anti-corruption legal provisions usually adopted in EU (or candidate) countries in Morocco. Morocco lags behind
    [Show full text]
  • 36687838.Pdf
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by University of Oregon Scholars' Bank AVOIDING THE ARAB SPRING? THE POLITICS OF LEGITIMACY IN KING MOHAMMED VI’S MOROCCO by MARGARET J. ABNEY A THESIS Presented to the Department of Political Science and the Graduate School of the University of Oregon in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts June 2013 THESIS APPROVAL PAGE Student: Margaret J. Abney Title: Avoiding the Arab Spring? The Politics of Legitimacy in King Mohammed VI’s Morocco This thesis has been accepted and approved in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Master of Arts degree in the Department of Political Science by: Craig Parsons Chairperson Karrie Koesel Member Tuong Vu Member and Kimberly Andrews Espy Vice President for Research and Innovation; Dean of the Graduate School Original approval signatures are on file with the University of Oregon Graduate School. Degree awarded June 2013 ii © 2013 Margaret J. Abney iii THESIS ABSTRACT Margaret J. Abney Master of Arts Department of Political Science June 2013 Title: Avoiding the Arab Spring? The Politics of Legitimacy in King Mohammed VI’s Morocco During the 2011 Arab Spring protests, the Presidents of Egypt and Tunisia lost their seats as a result of popular protests. While protests occurred in Morocco during the same time, King Mohammed VI maintained his throne. I argue that the Moroccan king was able to maintain his power because of factors that he has because he is a king. These benefits, including dual religious and political legitimacy, additional control over the military, and a political situation that make King Mohammed the center of the Moroccan political sphere, are not available to the region’s presidents.
    [Show full text]
  • Psychiatric Healthcare in Morocco: Affordability and Accessibility for Lower
    Psychiatric Healthcare in Morocco: Affordability and Accessibility for Lower- Class Moroccans By: Julia Milks Humanities and Arts Course Sequence: AB 2542, Culture of Arabic Speaking Countries, D19 AB 1531, Elementary Arabic I, A19 AB 1532, Elementary Arabic II, B19 HU 2999, Moroccan Arabic, C20 HU 3999, Moroccan Film in Context, C20 Presented to: Professor Rebecca Moody Department of Humanities & Arts C20 HU 3900 Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of The Humanities & Arts Requirement Worcester Polytechnic Institute Worcester, Massachusetts 2 Abstract The Moroccan healthcare system is severely lacking in finances, staff, and resources for psychiatric care. In this paper, I aim to show the lack of accessibility and affordability of psychiatric care for lower-class Moroccans. I conducted interviews at Ibn Al Hassan Mental Hospital in Fes, Morocco that helped me determine that psychiatric care in public hospitals is lower quality due to the lack of resources and funding dedicated to the system, rather than incompetent medical professionals. 3 Introduction In Morocco, the first response is ‘she’s possessed.’ In the U.S., ‘she’s faking it for attention.’ Mental health is a stigmatized topic that brings many layers of shame, confusion, and negativity onto the sufferer. In this paper, I will focus on mental health1 in Morocco, although this problem is not specific to Morocco, the U.S., or any country: it is prevalent everywhere. Morocco severely lacks the tools and manpower needed to administer proper psychiatric care to the millions of people who need it.2 This problem is especially apparent in rural and poor areas. In this paper, I will argue that Moroccans of a lower socioeconomic class receive lower quality psychiatric healthcare due to the limited affordability and access to medications and hospitals; I will draw on my observations of one psychiatric hospital in Fes.
    [Show full text]
  • Global Lessons on Collective Action Against Corruption
    Policy Insights POLICY INSIGHTS . GLOBAL LESSONS ON COLLECTIVE ACTION CORRUPTION AGAINST ACTION COLLECTIVE ON LESSONS GLOBAL AGAINST CORRUPTION Global Lessons on THE CASE OF MOROCCO Collective Action Fighting corruption is increasingly becoming a business decision, leading companies to implement actions to strengthen business integrity. This, in turn, has led to the emergence of “collective” anti- Against Corruption corruption action, involving several companies in the same sector or field of activity banding together to promote greater business integrity on a voluntary basis. This type of collective action, The Case of Morocco alongside other legal, institutional and administrative reforms, can make a significant contribution to creating a healthier business climate for greater economic development. This report aims to facilitate the diffusion of collective action in the Middle East and North Africa region and beyond by highlighting factors for success and possible pitfalls in implementing collective action initiatives. In particular, this report reviews the pioneering experience of collective action in the health, transportation and energy sectors of Morocco. It presents the different stages of implementing such action to promote integrity and analyses the lessons learned. As such, this document provides practical guidance to companies wishing to launch collective action, as well as governments and representatives of civil society, who can facilitate and/or associate themselves with this action. This work was carried out within the framework of the project “Strengthening business integrity in Morocco”, supported by the Siemens Initiative for Integrity, which assisted Morocco in its determination to strengthen the integrity of companies and create a better environment for foreign investment, international trade and economic development.
    [Show full text]
  • International Reports 4/2019
    INTERNATIONAL REPORTS 4 | 2019 Editorial Dear Readers, From football to road construction – corruption has many faces. But the general rule is that the more opaque and unregulated deci- sion-making processes are, the greater the risk of abusing power for self-enrichment. Arbitrary and unclear decisions, whether that be in dispensing justice, granting governmental contracts, or filling public offices, undermine the rule of law and swallow up additional resources. Corruption is a global phenomenon. But a panacea has yet to be found. Instead, various approaches have been tried world- wide. The problem becomes ubiquitous when the central controlling function of the rule of law can no longer be trusted. Judges hold a prominent position in the state structure. Any corruption on their part affects all areas of political life. Worldwide, corrupt judges are not a rarity, as outlined by Franziska Rinke and the authors from the Konrad-Adenauer-Stiftung’s Rule of Law Programmes in their global overview. When searching for effective measures to combat corrupt justice systems, it pays to look beyond regional borders. Corruption can also influence everyday matters that are the basis for development, such as access to electricity, as Anja Berretta illus- trates with the example of Sub-Saharan Africa. More than half of the population has no access to electricity. However, a large part of the funds that could be used to invest in expanding the energy supply system and the general infrastructure, disappear into the pockets of a few. Political upheaval does not necessarily dismantle entrenched structures of corruption. Using the example of Ukraine, Isabel Wei- ninger analyses the interplay between old structures and the reor- ganisation of political power.
    [Show full text]
  • Morocco RISK & COMPLIANCE REPORT DATE: March 2018
    Morocco RISK & COMPLIANCE REPORT DATE: March 2018 KNOWYOURCOUNTRY.COM Executive Summary - Morocco Sanctions: None FAFT list of AML No Deficient Countries US Dept of State Money Laundering Assessment Higher Risk Areas: Non - Compliance with FATF 40 + 9 Recommendations Not on EU White list equivalent jurisdictions Corruption Index (Transparency International & W.G.I.) Medium Risk Areas: World Governance Indicators (Average Score) Failed States Index (Political Issues)(Average Score) Offshore Finance Centre Major Investment Areas: Agriculture - products: barley, wheat, citrus fruits, grapes, vegetables, olives; livestock; wine Industries: phosphate rock mining and processing, food processing, leather goods, textiles, construction, energy, tourism Exports - commodities: clothing and textiles, electric components, inorganic chemicals, transistors, crude minerals, fertilizers (including phosphates), petroleum products, citrus fruits, vegetables, fish Exports - partners: France 21%, Spain 17.3%, Brazil 5.4%, India 4.9%, US 4.6% (2012) Imports - commodities: crude petroleum, textile fabric, telecommunications equipment, wheat, gas and electricity, transistors, plastics Imports - partners: Spain 13.1%, France 12.1%, China 6.9%, US 6.8%, Saudi Arabia 6.2%, Italy 5.1%, Russia 5%, Germany 4.9% (2012) 1 Investment Restrictions: Morocco actively encourages foreign investment and has sought to facilitate it through macro- economic policies, trade liberalization, and structural reforms. Foreign investment is permitted in nearly every sector. Additionally, although foreigners are prohibited from owning agricultural land, the law does allow for long-term leases of up to 99 years and permits agricultural land to be purchased for non-agricultural purposes. Morocco has sought to encourage foreign investment in the agricultural sector by making land available for leasing. 2 Contents Section 1 - Background ......................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Morocco and United States Combined Government Procurement Annexes
    Draft Subject to Legal Review for Accuracy, Clarity, and Consistency March 31, 2004 MOROCCO AND UNITED STATES COMBINED GOVERNMENT PROCUREMENT ANNEXES ANNEX 9-A-1 CENTRAL LEVEL GOVERNMENT ENTITIES This Chapter applies to procurement by the Central Level Government Entities listed in this Annex where the value of procurement is estimated, in accordance with Article 1:4 - Valuation, to equal or exceed the following relevant threshold. Unless otherwise specified within this Annex, all agencies subordinate to those listed are covered by this Chapter. Thresholds: (To be adjusted according to the formula in Annex 9-E) For procurement of goods and services: $175,000 [Dirham SDR conversion] For procurement of construction services: $ 6,725,000 [Dirham SDR conversion] Schedule of Morocco 1. PRIME MINISTER (1) 2. NATIONAL DEFENSE ADMINISTRATION (2) 3. GENERAL SECRETARIAT OF THE GOVERNMENT 4. MINISTRY OF JUSTICE 5. MINISTRY OF FOREIGN AFFAIRS AND COOPERATION 6. MINISTRY OF THE INTERIOR (3) 7. MINISTRY OF COMMUNICATION 8. MINISTRY OF HIGHER EDUCATION, EXECUTIVE TRAINING AND SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH 9. MINISTRY OF NATIONAL EDUCATION AND YOUTH 10. MINISTRYOF HEALTH 11. MINISTRY OF FINANCE AND PRIVATIZATION 12. MINISTRY OF TOURISM 13. MINISTRY OF MARITIME FISHERIES 14. MINISTRY OF INFRASTRUCTURE AND TRANSPORTATION 15. MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE AND RURAL DEVELOPMENT (4) 16. MINISTRY OF SPORT 17. MINISTRY REPORTING TO THE PRIME MINISTER AND CHARGED WITH ECONOMIC AND GENERAL AFFAIRS AND WITH RAISING THE STATUS 1 Draft Subject to Legal Review for Accuracy, Clarity, and Consistency March 31, 2004 OF THE ECONOMY 18. MINISTRY OF HANDICRAFTS AND SOCIAL ECONOMY 19. MINISTRY OF ENERGY AND MINING (5) 20.
    [Show full text]
  • The Political Salience of Corruption: the Politics of Corruption During the Arab Spring
    The Political Salience of Corruption: The Politics of Corruption During the Arab Spring Eric Freeman Department of Political Science McGill University October 2015 A thesis submitted to McGill University in partial fulfillment of the requirement of the degree of Master of Arts in Political Science Copyright © Eric Freeman 2015 I Table of Contents Abstract Acknowledgements Figures and Tables Chapter 1: Introduction The Puzzle of Corruption’s Destabilizing Effect Literature Review Corruption and Authoritarian Stability in the MENA Literature Framing Effects Literature Post-Arab Spring Corruption Literature The Argument The Dependent Variable Independent Variable Intervening Variables Methodology Chapters to Follow Chapter 2: Tunisia Introduction The Politics of Corruption in Tunisia Type of Corruption Elite-Level Cronyism, Intermediate-Level Patronage, and Low-Level Bribery Cronyism and the Framing of Corruption The Limitations of Intermediate-Level Patronage in Tunisia Making Matter Worse: Intervening Variables that Frame Corruption Macroeconomic Conditions Conspicuous Consumption Regime Type The Political Salience of Grievances about Corruption in Tunisia Chapter 3: Morocco Introduction The Politics of Corruption in Morocco Type of Corruption: Elite-Level Cronyism Intermediate-Level Patronage and the Dense Web of Patron-Client Relations in Morocco The Efficacy of Intermediate-Level Patronage in Morocco Intervening Variables: A mixed bag of effects Macroeconomic Conditions Conspicuous
    [Show full text]
  • JGI V. 14, N. 2
    Journal of Global Initiatives: Policy, Pedagogy, Perspective Volume 14 Number 2 Multicultural Morocco Article 1 11-15-2019 Full Issue - JGI v. 14, n. 2 Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.kennesaw.edu/jgi Part of the Arts and Humanities Commons, and the Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons Recommended Citation (2019) "Full Issue - JGI v. 14, n. 2," Journal of Global Initiatives: Policy, Pedagogy, Perspective: Vol. 14 : No. 2 , Article 1. Available at: https://digitalcommons.kennesaw.edu/jgi/vol14/iss2/1 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by DigitalCommons@Kennesaw State University. It has been accepted for inclusion in Journal of Global Initiatives: Policy, Pedagogy, Perspective by an authorized editor of DigitalCommons@Kennesaw State University. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Multicultural Morocco JOURNAL of GLOBAL INITIATIVES POLICY, PEDAGOGY, PERSPECTIVE 2019 VOLUME 14 NUMBER 2 Journal of global Initiatives Vol. 14, No. 2, 2019, pp.1-28. The Year of Morocco: An Introduction Dan Paracka Marking the 35th anniversary of Kennesaw State University’s award-winning Annual Country Study Program, the 2018-19 academic year focused on Morocco and consisted of 22 distinct educational events, with over 1,700 people in attendance. It also featured an interdisciplinary team-taught Year of Morocco (YoM) course that included a study abroad experience to Morocco (March 28-April 7, 2019), an academic conference on “Gender, Identity, and Youth Empowerment in Morocco” (March 15-16, 2019), and this dedicated special issue of the Journal of Global Initiatives. Most events were organized through six different College Spotlights titled: The Taste of Morocco; Experiencing Moroccan Visual Arts; Multiple Literacies in Morocco; Conflict Management, Peacebuilding, and Development Challenges in Morocco, Moroccan Cultural Festival; and Moroccan Solar Tree.
    [Show full text]
  • Morocco Administrative Structure
    INFORMATION PAPER Morocco: Administrative Structure On 20 February 2015 the Moroccan government issued Decree No. 2-15-401, outlining the modified administrative structure of the country. This reorganisation is the result of a government programme aimed at giving each of the regions autonomy, and a greater autonomy to the regions coinciding with Western Sahara. In 2010, the Consultative Commission for Regionalization was formed to tackle this subject. The commission prepared a report proposing to reorganize Morocco into 12 regions. The new 12-region structure constitutes a regrouping of the existing provinces and prefectures2 and replaces the previous structure of 16 regions. The decree states that Morocco is divided into 12 regions. However, since Dakhla-Oued Ed-Dahab3 falls entirely in the territory of Western Sahara4, this would not be included on UK products as part of Morocco. The region of Laâyoune-Sakia El Hamra falls partly into Western Sahara but as part of it is in Morocco, it is recognised as part of Morocco’s administrative structure and the part outside Western Sahara can be shown on UK mapping. Administrative Regions of Morocco (as of February 2015) Prefectures & Provinces Region (ADM1) Administrative Centre (PPLA) (ADM2s) 1. Tanger-Assilah* 2. M’diq-Fnideq* 3. Tétouan Tanger-Assilah# Tanger-Tétouan-Al 4. Fahs-Anjra 1 Hoceïma 5. Larache (Tanger (Tangiers)) 6. Al Hoceïma 7. Chefchaouen 8. Ouezzane 1. Oujda-Angad* 2. Nador 3. Driouch # Oujda-Angad 4. Jerada 2 L’Oriental 5. Berkane (Oujda) 6. Taourirt 7. Guercif 8. Figuig 1http://www.pncl.gov.ma/fr/EspaceJuridique/DocLib/d%C3%A9cret%20fixant%20le%20nombre%20des%20r% C3%A9gions.pdf 2 http://www.regionalisationavancee.ma/PagesmFr.aspx?id=54; http://www.regionalisationavancee.ma/PDF/Rapport/Fr/regionFr.pdf 3 The Moroccan Decree states that Oued Ed-Dahab is the administrative centre of this region, which is subdivided into two provinces (ADM2s): Oued Ed-Dahab and Aousserd).
    [Show full text]