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The Decline of Buddhism in India
The Decline of Buddhism in India It is almost impossible to provide a continuous account of the near disappearance of Buddhism from the plains of India. This is primarily so because of the dearth of archaeological material and the stunning silence of the indigenous literature on this subject. Interestingly, the subject itself has remained one of the most neglected topics in the history of India. In this book apart from the history of the decline of Buddhism in India, various issues relating to this decline have been critically examined. Following this methodology, an attempt has been made at a region-wise survey of the decline in Sind, Kashmir, northwestern India, central India, the Deccan, western India, Bengal, Orissa, and Assam, followed by a detailed analysis of the different hypotheses that propose to explain this decline. This is followed by author’s proposed model of decline of Buddhism in India. K.T.S. Sarao is currently Professor and Head of the Department of Buddhist Studies at the University of Delhi. He holds doctoral degrees from the universities of Delhi and Cambridge and an honorary doctorate from the P.S.R. Buddhist University, Phnom Penh. The Decline of Buddhism in India A Fresh Perspective K.T.S. Sarao Munshiram Manoharlal Publishers Pvt. Ltd. ISBN 978-81-215-1241-1 First published 2012 © 2012, Sarao, K.T.S. All rights reserved including those of translation into other languages. No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form, or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the written permission of the publisher. -
On Corresponding Sanskrit Words for the Prakrit Term Posaha: with Special Reference to Śrāvakācāra Texts
International Journal of Jaina Studies (Online) Vol. 13, No. 2 (2017) 1-17 ON CORRESPONDING SANSKRIT WORDS FOR THE PRAKRIT TERM POSAHA: WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO ŚRĀVAKĀCĀRA TEXTS Kazuyoshi Hotta 1. Introduction In Brahmanism, the upavasathá purification rite has been practiced on the day prior to the performance of a Vedic ritual. We can find descriptions of this purification rite in Brahmanical texts, such as ŚBr 1.1.1.7, which states as follows. For assuredly, (he argued,) the gods see through the mind of man; they know that, when he enters on this vow, he means to sacrifice to them the next morning. Therefore all the gods betake themselves to his house, and abide by (him or the fires, upa-vas) in his house; whence this (day) is called upa-vasatha (Tr. Eggeling 1882: 4f.).1 This rite was then incorporated into Jainism and Buddhism in different ways, where it is known under names such as posaha or uposatha in Prakrit and Pāli. Buddhism adopted and developed the rite mainly as a ritual for mendicants. Many descriptions of this rite can be found in Buddhist vinaya texts. Furthermore, this rite is practiced until today throughout Buddhist Asia. On the other hand, Jainism has employed the rite mainly as a practice for the laity. Therefore, descriptions of Jain posaha are found in the group of texts called Śrāvakācāra, which contain the code of conduct for the laity. There are many forms of Śrāvakācāra texts. Some are independent texts, while others form part of larger works. Many of them consist mainly of the twelve vrata (restraints) and eleven pratimā (stages of renunciation) that should be observed by * This paper is an expanded version of Hotta 2014 and the contents of a paper delivered at the 19th Jaina Studies Workshop, “Jainism and Buddhism” (18 March 2017, SOAS). -
1 Mapping Monastic Geographicity Or Appeasing Ghosts of Monastic Subjects Indrani Chatterjee
1 Mapping Monastic Geographicity Or Appeasing Ghosts of Monastic Subjects Indrani Chatterjee Rarely do the same apparitions inhabit the work of modern theorists of subjectivity, politics, ethnicity, the Sanskrit cosmopolis and medieval architecture at once. However, the South Asianist historian who ponders the work of Charles Taylor, Partha Chatterjee, James Scott and Sheldon Pollock cannot help notice the apparitions of monastic subjects within each. Tamara Sears has gestured at the same apparitions by pointing to the neglected study of monasteries (mathas) associated with Saiva temples.1 She finds the omission intriguing on two counts. First, these monasteries were built for and by significant teachers (gurus) who were identified as repositories of vast ritual, medical and spiritual knowledge, guides to their practice and over time, themselves manifestations of divinity and vehicles of human liberation from the bondage of life and suffering. Second, these monasteries were not studied even though some of these had existed into the early twentieth century. Sears implies that two processes have occurred simultaneously. Both are epistemological. One has resulted in a continuity of colonial- postcolonial politics of recognition. The identification of a site as ‘religious’ rested on the identification of a building as a temple or a mosque. Residential sites inhabited by religious figures did not qualify for preservation. The second is the foreshortening of scholarly horizons by disappeared buildings. Modern scholars, this suggests, can only study entities and relationships contemporaneous with them and perceptible to the senses, omitting those that evade such perception or have disappeared long ago. This is not as disheartening as one might fear. -
Chapter V Socio-Economic and Cultural Life Part I ; Socio-Economic Condition Part Ii ; Cultural Life
CHAPTER V SOCIO-ECONOMIC AND CULTURAL LIFE PART I ; SOCIO-ECONOMIC CONDITION PART II ; CULTURAL LIFE ■* AUMINISTRATZOII AS WO know* the ChaluJcyan «mplra was built gradually by acquiring or annexing areas of tho neighbouring kingdoms by way of conquosts and subjugation. We cannot say that they wore pioneers in establishino their own form of administratiye system for they must have definitely adopted the basic system of adrrdnistration frem their predecessors e»9 * their charters rcsenible more or less those of the Kadambas# in the preandale sectitm^* But at the sarae f time much of the credit should 90 to then because they had brought together various kingdoms with diverse cultures under one banner and succeeded in evolving an indigenous administrative pattern which would functiort to everyone's satisfacti<m and at the same time keep the country unified* omsidering the prevailing conditims of the period during which there was a perennial struggle for imperial suzerainty# this vast entire obviously called for a comprehensive machinery of admlnistratimi which enabled the king to carry oa his pursuit of conquest without any apprehsnsicm* Hence the administrative 300 systom must have been a very efficient cme for though there were political distujrit>ancea due to invasion fron outside* peace and security reignei in the country* This can be discerned from the progress and achievements made in various fields such as art* architecture# religion# social-sciences and economics* Before %ie proceed# it should be understood that administratimi in -
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Ācārya Kundakunda’s Paôcāstikāya-saÉgraha – With Authentic Explanatory Notes in English (The Jaina Metaphysics) vkpk;Z dqUndqUn fojfpr iapkfLrdk;&laxzg & izkekf.kd vaxzsth O;k[;k lfgr Ācārya Kundakunda’s Paôcāstikāya-saÉgraha – With Authentic Explanatory Notes in English (The Jaina Metaphysics) vkpk;Z dqUndqUn fojfpr iapkfLrdk;&laxzg & izkekf.kd vaxzsth O;k[;k lfgr Divine Blessings: Ācārya 108 Viśuddhasāgara Muni Vijay K. Jain fodYi Front cover: Depiction of the Holy Feet of the twenty-third Tīrthaôkara, Lord Pārśvanātha at the ‘Svarõabhadra-kūÇa’, atop the sacred hills of Shri Sammed Shikharji, Jharkhand, India. Pic by Vijay K. Jain (2016) Ācārya Kundakunda’s Paôcāstikāya-saÉgraha – With Authentic Explanatory Notes in English (The Jaina Metaphysics) Vijay K. Jain Non-copyright This work may be reproduced, translated and published in any language without any special permission provided that it is true to the original. ISBN: 978-81-932726-5-7 Rs. 750/- Published, in the year 2020, by: Vikalp Printers Anekant Palace, 29 Rajpur Road Dehradun-248001 (Uttarakhand) India E-mail: [email protected] Tel.: (0135) 2658971, Mob.: 9412057845, 9760068668 Printed at: Vikalp Printers, Dehradun D I V I N E B L E S S I N G S eaxy vk'khokZn & ije iwT; fnxEcjkpk;Z 108 Jh fo'kq¼lkxj th eqfujkt oLrq ds oLrqRo dk HkwrkFkZ cks/ izek.k ,oa u; ds ekè;e ls gh gksrk gS_ izek.k ,oa u; ds vf/xe fcuk oLrq ds oLrqRo dk lR;kFkZ Kku gksuk vlaHko gS] blhfy, Kkuhtu loZizFke izek.k o u; dk xEHkhj vf/xe djrs gSaA u;&izek.k ds lehphu Kku dks izkIr gksrs gh lk/q&iq#"k -
Bhagavata Purana
Bhagavata Purana abridged translation by Parama Karuna Devi new edition 2021 Copyright © 2016 Parama Karuna Devi All rights reserved. ISBN: 9798530643811 published by Jagannatha Vallabha Vedic Research Center E-mail: [email protected] Blog: www.jagannathavallabhavedicresearch.wordpress.com Website: www.jagannathavallabha.com Correspondence address: Jagannatha Vallabha Vedic Research Center At Piteipur, P/O Alasana, PS Chandanpur, 752012 Dist. Puri Orissa, India Table of Contents Preface 5 The questions of the sages 7 The teachings of Sukadeva on yoga 18 Conversation between Maitreya and Vidura 27 The story of Varaha 34 The teachings of Kapila 39 The sacrifice of Daksha 56 The story of Dhruva 65 The story of king Prithu 71 The parable of Puranjana 82 The story of Rishabha 90 The story of Jada Bharata 97 The structure of the universe 106 The story of Ajamila 124 The descendants of Daksha 128 Indra and Vritrasura 134 Diti decides to kill Indra 143 The story of Prahlada 148 The varnashrama dharma system 155 The story of Gajendra 163 The nectar of immortality 168 The story of Vamana 179 The descendants of Sraddhadeva Manu 186 The story of Ambarisha 194 The descendants of Ikshvaku 199 The story of Rama 206 The dynastyof the Moon 213 Parama Karuna Devi The advent of Krishna 233 Krishna in the house of Nanda 245 The gopis fall in love with Krishna 263 Krishna dances with the gopis 276 Krishna kills more Asuras 281 Krishna goes to Mathura 286 Krishna builds the city of Dvaraka 299 Krishna marries Rukmini 305 The other wives of Krishna 311 The -
Padrões De Trocas De Treinadores De Futebol No Campeonato Brasileiro De Futebol Série a 2016
513 Revista Brasileira de Futsal e Futebol ISSN 1984-4956 versão eletrônica Periódico do Instituto Brasileiro de Pesquisa e Ensino em Fisiologia do Exercício www.ibpefex.com.br/www.rbff.com.br PADRÕES DE TROCAS DE TREINADORES DE FUTEBOL NO CAMPEONATO BRASILEIRO DE FUTEBOL SÉRIE A 2016 Juan Wippel1 Heitor Luiz Furtado2 Cahuane Corrêa2 Leonardo do Couto Gomes2 RESUMO ABSTRACT A presente pesquisa tem como principal Patterns of exchanges of football coaches in objetivo identificar o padrão das trocas de the Brazilian Football Championship Series A treinadores na série A do Campeonato 2016 Brasileiro 2016. Trata-se de um estudo descritivo/exploratório, na qual foram inseridas The present research has as main objective to todas as equipes participantes do Campeonato identify the pattern of the exchanges of trainers Brasileiro de Futebol Série A 2016. Foram in the series A of the Brazilian Championship analisadas ao todo 38 rodadas, nas quais as 2016. It is a descriptive / exploratory study, in informações foram coletadas rodada por which all the teams participating in the rodada diretamente de portais eletrônicos, Brazilian Football Championship Series A 2016 pelos sites dos clubes e anexados em were inserted. analyzed in all 38 rounds, in Plataforma Eletrônica Excel. Os resultados which the information was collected round by encontrados mostram que, houve 36 trocas de round directly from electronic portals, by the treinadores em 38 rodadas (contando com websites of the clubs and attached in Excel técnicos interinos e que pediram demissão), Electronic Platform. The results show that apontando quase uma troca por rodada. Na there were 36 coaches exchanges in 38 maioria das vezes, a demissão foi efetivada rounds (counting on interim coaches and who pelo baixo aproveitamento das equipes resigned), pointing out almost one exchange durante as rodadas. -
Newsletter of the Centre of Jaina Studies
Jaina Studies NEWSLETTER OF THE CENTRE OF JAINA STUDIES March 2017 Issue 12 CoJS Newsletter • March 2017 • Issue 12 Centre of Jaina Studies Members SOAS MEMBERS Honorary President Professor Christine Chojnacki Muni Mahendra Kumar Ratnakumar Shah Professor J. Clifford Wright (University of Lyon) (Jain Vishva Bharati Institute, India) (Pune) Chair/Director of the Centre Dr Anne Clavel Dr James Laidlaw Dr Kanubhai Sheth Dr Peter Flügel (Aix en Province) (University of Cambridge) (LD Institute, Ahmedabad) Dr Crispin Branfoot Professor John E. Cort Dr Basile Leclère Dr Kalpana Sheth Department of the History of Art (Denison University) (University of Lyon) (Ahmedabad) and Archaeology Dr Eva De Clercq Dr Jeffery Long Dr Kamala Canda Sogani Professor Rachel Dwyer (University of Ghent) (Elizabethtown College) (Apapramśa Sāhitya Academy, Jaipur) South Asia Department Dr Robert J. Del Bontà Dr Andrea Luithle-Hardenberg Dr Jayandra Soni Dr Sean Gaffney (Independent Scholar) (University of Tübingen) (University of Marburg) Department of the Study of Religions Dr Saryu V. Doshi Professor Adelheid Mette Dr Luitgard Soni Dr Erica Hunter (Mumbai) (University of Munich) (University of Marburg) Department of the Study of Religions Professor Christoph Emmrich Gerd Mevissen Dr Herman Tieken Dr James Mallinson (University of Toronto) (Berliner Indologische Studien) (Institut Kern, Universiteit Leiden) South Asia Department Dr Anna Aurelia Esposito Professor Anne E. Monius Professor Maruti Nandan P. Tiwari Professor Werner Menski (University of Würzburg) (Harvard Divinity School) (Banaras Hindu University) School of Law Dr Sherry Fohr Dr Andrew More Dr Himal Trikha Professor Francesca Orsini (Converse College) (University of Toronto) (Austrian Academy of Sciences) South Asia Department Janet Leigh Foster Catherine Morice-Singh Dr Tomoyuki Uno Dr Ulrich Pagel (SOAS Alumna) (Université Sorbonne Nouvelle, Paris) (Chikushi Jogakuen University) Department of the Study of Religions Dr Lynn Foulston Professor Hampa P. -
DOM 6444 De 09/11/2016
Criado pela Lei nº 1.552, de 21/08/1959. Versão digital instituída pelo Decreto nº 3.987, de 14/08/2013. Sr(s) Usuário(s), Com o propósito de ampliar o acesso ao Diário e conferir praticidade e economicidade aos meios de sua produção, a Prefeitura de Goiânia coloca à disposição de todos os interessados o Diário Oficial do Município – Eletrônico (DOM-e). Esta versão está assinada digitalmente, conforme MP nº 2.200-2 de 24/08/2001, que institui a Infra-estrutura de Chaves Públicas Brasileiras (ICP – Brasil). A publicação eletrônica substitui qualquer outro meio de publicação oficial e produz todos os efeitos legais pertinentes. Para consultar os documentos publicados em cada edição, utilize os marcadores/bookmarks disponíveis do lado esquerdo desta página, ou utilize o comando de atalho do teclado ctrl+f. A validação da Assinatura Digital poderá ser realizada conforme informativo disponível na página da Superintendência da Casa Civil e Articulação Política, no ícone Diário Oficial – Sobre. PREFEITURA DE GOIÂNIA SUPERINTENDÊNCIA DA CASA CIVIL E ARTICULAÇÃO POLÍTICA PAULO GARCIA Endereço: Av. do Cerrado, 999, Parque Lozandes Prefeito de Goiânia Goiânia – GO, CEP: 74.805-010 Fone: (62) 3524-1094 OSMAR DE LIMA MAGALHÃES Secretário Municipal de Governo Atendimento: das 08:00 às 12:00 horas das 14:00 às 18:00 horas MIGUEL TIAGO DA SILVA Superintendente da Casa Civil e Articulação Política E-mail contato: [email protected] PAULO GOUTHIER JUNIOR Gerente da Imprensa Oficial LEI Nº 9.892 DE 06 DE SETEMBRO DE 2016. Obriga a criação de vagas de estacionamento exclusivo para doadores de sangue em frente aos laboratórios e demais locais onde haja coleta de sangue no Município de Goiânia. -
Casal E Filho De Um Ano São Assassinados Em Amarante
Covid-19: Anvisa certifica Pfizer, uma das produtoras de vacina - P2c1 o progresso DESDE 1970 Imperatriz (MA), Quarta-feira, 30 de dezembro de 2020 - Nº 16.796 - ANO 51 - Venda avulsa: R$ 2,00 Casal e filho de um ano são assassinados em Amarante Claudivan e Luana estavam com o filho em um burro se deslocando para o Assentamento Melancia, quando foram atingidos por tiro de espingarda P8c1 Coleta seletiva ultrapassa 1 milhão de toneladas de recicláveis em Imperatriz P6c1 Arquivo Esporte Hoje serão conhecidos os finalistas da Copa do Brasil Vereadores P4c2 JV Lideral eleitos em Sidney Rodrigues encerra Imperatriz atividades em 2020 com tomam títulos e revelação de posse à jogadores meia-noite P1c2 P3c1 Acesse O PROGRESSO pelo QR Code Previsão do tempo para Imperatriz Muitas nuvens com pancadas de chuva isoladas VENTO: FRACOS DIREÇÃO: NE-E INMET - Instituto Nacional de Meteorologia facebook.com/oprogressonet1 (99) 98429-7000 www.oprogressonet.com twitter.com/oprogressonet Política o progresso C1-2 Quarta, 30 de dezembro de 2020 Anvisa certifica Pfizer, uma Coriolano Filho DRT 1069-MA [email protected] das produtoras de vacina Queda REUTERS/Dado Ruvic – Agência Brasil A Agência Nacional de Vi- gilância Sanitária (Anvisa) di- Hoje, quarta-feira 30, será creditado o último repasse de vulgou na noite desta segun- dezembro e do ano do Fundo de Participação dos Municípios da-feia (28) ter feito a certifi- (FPM). De acordo com informação da Agência de Notícias cação de Boas Práticas de da Confederação Nacional dos Municípios (CNM), com ten- Fabricação da empresa Pfizer, dência de queda, as prefeituras irão partilhar o valor de R$ uma das envolvidas na produ- 3,1 bilhões, já contabilizada a retenção do Fundo de Manuten- ção da vacina contra a covid- ção e Desenvolvimento da Educação Básica e de Valoriza- 19 desenvolvida pela Pfizer/ ção dos Profissionais da Educação (Fundeb). -
Jaina Studies
Jaina Studies NEWSLETTER OF THE CENTRE OF JAINA STUDIES March 2015 Issue 10 CoJS Newsletter • March 2015 • Issue 10 Centre of Jaina Studies Members SOAS MEMBERS Honorary President Professor Christine Chojnacki Dr Andrea Luithle-Hardenberg (University of Lyon) (University of Tübingen) Chair/Director of the Centre Dr Anne Clavel Professor Adelheid Mette Dr Peter Flügel (Aix en Province) (University of Munich) Dr Crispin Branfoot Professor John E. Cort Gerd Mevissen Department of the History of Art (Denison University) (Berliner Indologische Studien) and Archaeology Dr Eva De Clercq Professor Anne E. Monius Professor Rachel Dwyer (University of Ghent) (Harvard Divinity School) South Asia Department Dr Robert J. Del Bontà Professor Hampa P. Nagarajaiah (Independent Scholar) (University of Bangalore) Department of the Study of Religions Dr Saryu V. Doshi Professor Thomas Oberlies Dr Erica Hunter (Mumbai) (University of Göttingen) Department of the Study of Religions Professor M.A. Dhaky Dr Leslie Orr Dr James Mallinson (Ame rican Institute of Indian Studies, Gurgaon) (Concordia University, Montreal) South Asia Department Professor Christoph Emmrich Dr Jean-Pierre Osier Professor Werner Menski (University of Toronto) (Paris) School of Law Dr Anna Aurelia Esposito Dr Lisa Nadine Owen Professor Francesca Orsini (University of Würzburg) (University of North Texas) South Asia Department Janet Leigh Foster Professor Olle Qvarnström Dr Ulrich Pagel (SOAS Alumna) (University of Lund) Department of the Study of Religions Dr Lynn Foulston Dr Pratapaditya -
Paper 7 INDIAN HISTORIOGRAPHY
DDCE/SLM/M.A. Hist-Paper-VII Paper-VII INDIAN HISTORIOGRAPHY By Dr. Binod Bihari Satpathy 0 CONTENT INDIAN HISTORIOGRAPHY Unit.No. Chapter Name Page No Unit-I. Ancient Indian Historiography 1. Historical Sense in Ancient India, Idea of Bharatvarsha in Indian Tradition 2. Itihasa-Purana Tradition in Ancient India; Traditional History from the Vedas, Epics and Puranas 3. Jain Historiography and Buddhist Historiography Unit-II Medieval Indian Historiography 1. Historical Biography of Banabhatta and the Kashmir Chronicle of Kalhana 2. Arrival of Islam and its influence on Historical Tradition of India; Historiography of the Sultanate period – Alberuni’s –Kitab-ul-Hind and Amir Khusrau 3. Historiography of the Mughal Period – Baburnama, Abul Fazl and Badauni Unit-III. Orientalist, Imperial and colonial ideology and historian 1. William Jones and Orientalist writings on India 2. Colonial/ Imperialist Approach to Indian History and Historiography: James Mill, Elphinstone, and Vincent Smith 3. Nationalist Approach and writings to Indian History: R.G.Bhandarkar, H.C Raychoudhiri, and J.N.Sarkar Unit-IV. Marxist and Subaltern Approach to Indian History 1. Marxist approach to Indian History: D.D.Kosambi, R.S.Sharma, Romilla Thaper and Irfan Habib 2. Marxist writings on Modern India: Major assumptions 3. Subaltern Approach to Indian History- Ranjit Guha 1 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT It is pleasure to be able to complete this compilation work. containing various aspects of Indian historical writing tradition through ages. This material is prepared with an objective to familiarize the students of M.A History, DDCE Utkal University on the various aspcets of Indian historiography. This work would not have been possible without the support of the Directorate of Distance and Continuing Education, Utkal University.