Fire Service Features of Buildings and Fire Protection Systems
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Module III – Fire Analysis Fire Fundamentals: Definitions
Module III – Fire Analysis Fire Fundamentals: Definitions Joint EPRI/NRC-RES Fire PRA Workshop August 21-25, 2017 A Collaboration of the Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI) & U.S. NRC Office of Nuclear Regulatory Research (RES) What is a Fire? .Fire: – destructive burning as manifested by any or all of the following: light, flame, heat, smoke (ASTM E176) – the rapid oxidation of a material in the chemical process of combustion, releasing heat, light, and various reaction products. (National Wildfire Coordinating Group) – the phenomenon of combustion manifested in light, flame, and heat (Merriam-Webster) – Combustion is an exothermic, self-sustaining reaction involving a solid, liquid, and/or gas-phase fuel (NFPA FP Handbook) 2 What is a Fire? . Fire Triangle – hasn’t change much… . Fire requires presence of: – Material that can burn (fuel) – Oxygen (generally from air) – Energy (initial ignition source and sustaining thermal feedback) . Ignition source can be a spark, short in an electrical device, welder’s torch, cutting slag, hot pipe, hot manifold, cigarette, … 3 Materials that May Burn .Materials that can burn are generally categorized by: – Ease of ignition (ignition temperature or flash point) . Flammable materials are relatively easy to ignite, lower flash point (e.g., gasoline) . Combustible materials burn but are more difficult to ignite, higher flash point, more energy needed(e.g., wood, diesel fuel) . Non-Combustible materials will not burn under normal conditions (e.g., granite, silica…) – State of the fuel . Solid (wood, electrical cable insulation) . Liquid (diesel fuel) . Gaseous (hydrogen) 4 Combustion Process .Combustion process involves . – An ignition source comes into contact and heats up the material – Material vaporizes and mixes up with the oxygen in the air and ignites – Exothermic reaction generates additional energy that heats the material, that vaporizes more, that reacts with the air, etc. -
Fire Bow Drill
Making Fire With The Bow Drill When you are first learning bow-drill fire-making, you must make conditions and your bow drill set such that the chance of getting a coal is the greatest. If you do not know the feeling of a coal beginning to be born then you will never be able to master the more difficult scenarios. For this it is best to choose the “easiest woods” and practice using the set in a sheltered location such as a garage or basement, etc. Even if you have never gotten a coal before, it is best to get the wood from the forest yourself. Getting it from a lumber yard is easy but you learn very little. Also, getting wood from natural sources ensures you do not accidentally get pressure-treated wood which, when caused to smoulder, is highly toxic. Here are some good woods for learning with (and good for actual survival use too): ► Eastern White Cedar ► Staghorn Sumac ► Most Willows ► Balsam Fir ► Aspens and Poplars ► Basswood ► Spruces There are many more. These are centered more on the northeastern forest communities of North America. A good tree identification book will help you determine potential fire-making woods. Also, make it a common practice to feel and carve different woods when you are in the bush. A good way to get good wood for learning on is to find a recently fallen branch or trunk that is relatively straight and of about wrist thickness or bigger. Cut it with a saw. It is best if the wood has recently fallen off the tree. -
Product Line Brochure
Innovation that Endures www.fi relite.com Addressable Fire Alarm Control Panels MS-9050UD, MS-9200UDLS and MS-9600LS/MS-9600UDLS Addressability Within Reach Fire-Lite Alarms’ addressable product offering includes three Fire MS-9050UD Alarm control panels that vary in size and capability to meet a wide • Single SLC that provides support for 50 addressable devices (any combination range of needs, while offering superior value and fl exibility. Our ad- of addressable detectors and modules) dressable product line offers ease of installation and programming, • Integrated DACT for off-premises monitoring addressable point identifi cation, built-in digital communication, and • Annunciator bus supports up to 8 devices, including ANN-80 LCD remote NAC synchronization. Our super fast LiteSpeedTM protocol ensures that annunciator, remote serial or parallel printer gateway, and LED graphic annunciator the safety and security of your building and its occupants are always • Auto programming feature quickly confi gures detectors and modules met with the utmost urgency. Fire-Lite’s addressable product line sets • Two programmable Class B / A notifi cation appliance circuits (NAC) the benchmark for Fire protection with its innovative, non-proprietary, cost effective products. MS-9200UDLS Included features on our most popular addressable panels: • Single SLC provides support for 198 addressable devices • Ability to connect devices via unshielded “fi re” wire up to 10,000 • LiteSpeed protocol for SLC communication polls 10 devices at a time and operates feet, -
Emergency Medical Service Dispatch
CENTRE COUNTY 9-1-1/EMERGENCY COMMUNICATIONS CENTER STANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURES 8.0 EMERGENCY MEDICAL SERVICES DISPATCH PROCEDURES The Emergency Communications Center is the designated Center for the dispatching of EMS within Centre County as approved by the Centre County Commissioners. All calls requiring EMS response will be evaluated by the PST using the APCO Criteria Based Dispatch Guideline Cards for Medical Emergencies and Trauma (Guidecards). The Guidecards will form the basis for all EMS dispatching in Centre County. The PST will dispatch, or route the call to a dispatcher, as indicated in the Guidecards. Medical terminology used will be in line with the APCO call guides. PSTs will give EMS pre-arrival instructions as appropriate utilizing the APCO Guidecards. 8.1 Dispatching Appropriate EMS Service The Communications Center will dispatch the EMS Company having jurisdiction over the location of the call as recommended by the Seven Mountains EMS Council and/or Local Municipalities. Centre County Emergency Communications Center will accept and follow the territory jurisdictions for BLS and ALS services response recommended by the Seven Mountains Emergency Medical Services Council All EMS services dispatched through the Centre County ECC will be alerted by tone activated pagers utilizing the UHF Paging radio system. Centre County EMS services operate primarily on the 800Mhz Trunk radio system. Med 4 can be used as Hailing System. The EMS Med Radio System is the State and National radio communications system for ambulance to hospital communications. 8.1.1 Dispatch Message The dispatch message will include the following information: A. EMS box number B. Borough or Township for which the incident is in. -
Course Description Goal Objectives
Architects Guide: Passive and Active Fire 3/29/2021 Protection Course Description Architects Guide: . This course will provide a general description of passive fire protection (fire resistance rated wall Passive and Active Fire and horizontal assemblies) and active fire Protection protection (automatic sprinkler systems). Based on the 2018 International Building Code® (IBC®) Architects Guide: Passive and Active Fire Protection 2 1 2 Goal Objectives . Participants will be able to determine where and . Identify the 4 types of fire and smoke resistance what type of fire resistance elements are . Identify and describe the 6 types of fire/smoke required for type of construction, fire areas, resistance rated walls and their uses. protection of means of egress paths or . Determine where and why we use the different protection of openings. Participants will be able assemblies. to determine where and what type of automatic . Apply the provisions applicable for openings and sprinkler system is required as indicated in the penetrations. 2018 International Building Code® (IBC®). Determine interior finish requirements. Identify where fire protection systems are required. Architects Guide: Passive and Active Fire Protection 3 Architects Guide: Passive and Active Fire Protection 4 3 4 Copyright 2018 International Code Council 1 Architects Guide: Passive and Active Fire 3/29/2021 Protection Margin Designation in Codes Presentation organization Indicates changes to the code. Title slides indicating topic/main code section . Performance requirements – Main ideas/ Indicates a section that was in the 2012 code that has been deleted from the 2015 code. Philosophy A single asterisk indicates that text or a table has . Code definitions or tables been relocated within the code. -
Flood After Fire Fact Sheet: Risks and Protection
FACT SHEET Flood After Fire Fact Sheet Risks and Protection Floods are the most common and costly natural hazard in the nation. Whether caused by heavy rain, BE FLOODSMART – REDUCE YOUR RISK thunderstorms, or the tropical storms, the results of A flood does not have to be a catastrophic event to flooding can be devastating. While some floods develop bring high out-of-pocket costs, and you do not have over time, flash floods—particularly common after to live in a high-risk flood area to suffer flood wildfires—can occur within minutes after the onset of a damage. Around twenty percent of flood insurance rainstorm. Even areas that are not traditionally flood- claims occur in moderate-to-low risk areas. Property prone are at risk, due to changes to the landscape owners should remember: caused by fire. The Time to Prepare is Now. Gather supplies in Residents need to protect their homes and assets with case of a storm, strengthen your home against flood insurance now—before a weather event occurs damage, and review your insurance coverages. and it’s too late. No flood insurance? Remember: it typically takes 30 days for a new flood insurance policy to go WILDFIRES INCREASE THE RISK into effect, so get your policy now. You may be at an even greater risk of flooding due to . Only Flood Insurance Covers Flood Damage. recent wildfires that have burned across the region. Most standard homeowner’s policies do not cover Large-scale wildfires dramatically alter the terrain and flood damage. Flood insurance is affordable. An ground conditions. -
Notice of a Collection 01 Perforated Stone Objects, from the Garioch, Aberdeenshire
6 16 PROCEEDING SOCIETYE TH F O S , FEBRUARY 9, 1903. III. NOTICE OF A COLLECTION 01 PERFORATED STONE OBJECTS, FROM THE GARIOCH, ABERDEENSHIRE. BY J. GRAHAM CALLANDER, F.S.A. SOOT. Many perforated article f stono s f greateo e r leso r s antiquity have been found, the use of which we have no difficulty in defining. Among such article e stonar s e axes, stone hammers, whorls, beads d sinkan , - stones for nets or lines; but this collection of perforated stones from Central Aberdeenshire seems to be quite different from any of the recog- nised types. Localities.—The collection, which consist f sixty-fivo s e specimenss ha , been gathered during the last five years in the Garioch district of Aber- deenshire from eight different localitie n fivi s e parishes :—Elevee ar n from Newbigging, parish of Culsalmond ; one is from the Kirkyard of Culsalmond; five are from the adjoining farms of Jericho and Colpy, Culsalmond e froar m o Johnstonetw ; , paris f Leslio hs froi e me ;on Cushieston, parish of Rayne; one is from Lochend, Barra, parish of Bourtie; thre froe ear m Harlaw, paris f Chapeho f Garioco l fortyd an h; - one are from Logie-Elphinstone estate, also in Chapel of Garioch. e specimenth l Al s have bee e ploughnth turney b , p nonu d e having been found associated with burials or dwelling sites; at the same time many flint implements have been foun e localitiemosn th di f o t s named, especiall firste th , n yi third last-mentioned an , d ones, these I believe, , having been more thoroughly searched. -
A Preparedness Guide for Firefighters and Their Families
A Preparedness Guide for Firefighters and Their Families JULY 2019 A Preparedness Guide for Firefighters and Their Families July 2019 NOTE: This publication is a draft proof of concept for NWCG member agencies. The information contained is currently under review. All source sites and documents should be considered the authority on the information referenced; consult with the identified sources or with your agency human resources office for more information. Please provide input to the development of this publication through your agency program manager assigned to the NWCG Risk Management Committee (RMC). View the complete roster at https://www.nwcg.gov/committees/risk-management-committee/roster. A Preparedness Guide for Firefighters and Their Families provides honest information, resources, and conversation starters to give you, the firefighter, tools that will be helpful in preparing yourself and your family for realities of a career in wildland firefighting. This guide does not set any standards or mandates; rather, it is intended to provide you with helpful information to bridge the gap between “all is well” and managing the unexpected. This Guide will help firefighters and their families prepare for and respond to a realm of planned and unplanned situations in the world of wildland firefighting. The content, designed to help make informed decisions throughout a firefighting career, will cover: • hazards and risks associated with wildland firefighting; • discussing your wildland firefighter job with family and friends; • resources for peer support, individual counsel, planning, and response to death and serious injury; and • organizations that support wildland firefighters and their families. Preparing yourself and your family for this exciting and, at times, dangerous work can be both challenging and rewarding. -
Rules and Regulations for Fire Alarm and Fire Sprinkler Systems
NORTH ATTLEBOROUGH FIRE DEPARTMENT 50 Elm Street, North Attleborough, Massachusetts 02760 Tel (508) 699-0140 • Fax (508) 643-0296 Issued: January 2020 Revised 02/10/2020 Rules and Regulations for Fire Alarm and Fire Sprinkler Systems The following rules and regulations shall govern the installation, use, and maintenance of all required fire alarm and fire sprinkler systems in the Town of North Attleborough. The rules and regulations are effective January 1, 2020 until otherwise revised or amended. They are intended to cover the most common variables encountered by architects, engineers, fire alarm and fire suppression professionals. These rules and regulations are subject to change and at no time should be considered complete towards all projects and scopes of work. Consult the fire prevention office after reading this document where additional clarification is required. Contents Section 1: General Requirements: ................................................................................................................... 2 Section 2: Engineer/Contractor Submittal and Plan Review ......................................................................... 3 Section 3: Interior System Design and Layout ............................................................................................... 6 Section 4: Sprinkler and Standpipe Systems ................................................................................................ 11 Section 5: Direct Connections to the North Attleborough Fire Department .............................................. -
Wildland Fire Incident Management Field Guide
A publication of the National Wildfire Coordinating Group Wildland Fire Incident Management Field Guide PMS 210 April 2013 Wildland Fire Incident Management Field Guide April 2013 PMS 210 Sponsored for NWCG publication by the NWCG Operations and Workforce Development Committee. Comments regarding the content of this product should be directed to the Operations and Workforce Development Committee, contact and other information about this committee is located on the NWCG Web site at http://www.nwcg.gov. Questions and comments may also be emailed to [email protected]. This product is available electronically from the NWCG Web site at http://www.nwcg.gov. Previous editions: this product replaces PMS 410-1, Fireline Handbook, NWCG Handbook 3, March 2004. The National Wildfire Coordinating Group (NWCG) has approved the contents of this product for the guidance of its member agencies and is not responsible for the interpretation or use of this information by anyone else. NWCG’s intent is to specifically identify all copyrighted content used in NWCG products. All other NWCG information is in the public domain. Use of public domain information, including copying, is permitted. Use of NWCG information within another document is permitted, if NWCG information is accurately credited to the NWCG. The NWCG logo may not be used except on NWCG-authorized information. “National Wildfire Coordinating Group,” “NWCG,” and the NWCG logo are trademarks of the National Wildfire Coordinating Group. The use of trade, firm, or corporation names or trademarks in this product is for the information and convenience of the reader and does not constitute an endorsement by the National Wildfire Coordinating Group or its member agencies of any product or service to the exclusion of others that may be suitable. -
Code Comparison of IBC 2006 and NFPA 101 2006
Table of Contents contents 1. Introduction 7. Types of Construction • IBC - Chapter 6 2. Analysis & Recommendations • NFPA 101 - Section 8.2 3. Definitions 8. Fire Rated Construction • IBC - Chapter 2 • IBC - Chapter 7 • NFPA 101 - Chapter 3 • NFPA 101 - Chapter 8 4. Occupancy Classification 9. Interior Finishes • IBC - Chapter 3 • IBC - Chapter 8 • NFPA 101 - Chapter 6 • NFPA 101 - Chapter 10 5. Special Requirements 10. Fire Protection Systems A. High-Rise Structures • IBC - Chapter 9 B. Atrium • NFPA 101 – Various Sections C. Underground Structures D. Parking Structures 11. Means of Egress E. Healthcare Structures • IBC – Chapter 10 F. Combustible Storage • NFPA 101 – Chapter 7 & related G. Hazardous Materials section of referenced Occupancy chapters 6. Building Heights & Areas • IBC - Chapter 5 • NFPA 101 – No Related Section Introduction The purpose of IDQ A/E Task Order #006 is to compare the fire and safety requirements of the International Building Code (IBC) 2006 and the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) 101 – 2006 to: • find the differences between these two documents in terms of their philosophy, purpose, content and scope; and their implications to the Department of Veterans Affairs • present all conflicting requirements related to fire and safety issues concerning health care facilities • develop a Code Policy Document that incorporates the IBC 2006 and NFPA 101 2006 based on an evaluation of those code requirements and the implementation of this code policy to actual projects. HDR, Inc. in conjunction with Rolf Jenson & Associates, Inc. is pleased to present their findings in reference to this task order. The following sections 3-11 compare various requirements of each code. -
Development News Highlights MANHATTAN - MID-2ND QUARTER 2019 PLUS an OUTER BOROUGH SNAPSHOT
Development News Highlights MANHATTAN - MID-2ND QUARTER 2019 PLUS AN OUTER BOROUGH SNAPSHOT Pictured: 315 Meserole Street Looking Ahead U.S. Treasury Releases Additional Opportunity Zones Guidelines On April 17th the U.S. Department of the Treasury issued a highly anticipated second set of proposed regulations related to the new Opportunity Zone (OZ) tax incentive. Created by the 2017 Tax Cuts and Jobs Act, the tax benefi t is designed to drive economic development and create jobs by encouraging long-term investments in economically distressed communities nationwide according to the Treasury department’s press release. The latest 169-page release reportedly delivered guidance in a broader range of areas than many expected, hoping to provide investors who have been on the fence with the clarity needed to begin developing projects in distressed areas nationwide. Some government offi cials anticipate the program could spur $100 billion in new investment into the more than 8,762 zones nationwide, of which 306 are located in New York City; however there exist some concerns among critics that the program will incentivize gentrifi cation, or provide added benefi t to developers for projects they would have been pursued anyway. According to the press release by the Internal Revenue Service (IRS), a key part of the newly released guidance clarifi es the “substantially all” requirements for the holding period and use of the tangible business property: • For use of the property, at least 70% of the property must be used in a qualifi ed OZ. • For the holding period of the property, tangible property must be qualifi ed opportunity zone business property for at least 90% of the Qualifi ed Opportunity Fund’s (QOF) or qualifi ed OZ business’s holding period.