Post-Cold War U.S
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Open Hearing: Nomination of Gina Haspel to Be the Director of the Central Intelligence Agency
S. HRG. 115–302 OPEN HEARING: NOMINATION OF GINA HASPEL TO BE THE DIRECTOR OF THE CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY HEARING BEFORE THE SELECT COMMITTEE ON INTELLIGENCE OF THE UNITED STATES SENATE ONE HUNDRED FIFTEENTH CONGRESS SECOND SESSION WEDNESDAY, MAY 9, 2018 Printed for the use of the Select Committee on Intelligence ( Available via the World Wide Web: http://www.govinfo.gov U.S. GOVERNMENT PUBLISHING OFFICE 30–119 PDF WASHINGTON : 2018 VerDate Sep 11 2014 14:25 Aug 20, 2018 Jkt 030925 PO 00000 Frm 00001 Fmt 5011 Sfmt 5011 C:\DOCS\30119.TXT SHAUN LAP51NQ082 with DISTILLER SELECT COMMITTEE ON INTELLIGENCE [Established by S. Res. 400, 94th Cong., 2d Sess.] RICHARD BURR, North Carolina, Chairman MARK R. WARNER, Virginia, Vice Chairman JAMES E. RISCH, Idaho DIANNE FEINSTEIN, California MARCO RUBIO, Florida RON WYDEN, Oregon SUSAN COLLINS, Maine MARTIN HEINRICH, New Mexico ROY BLUNT, Missouri ANGUS KING, Maine JAMES LANKFORD, Oklahoma JOE MANCHIN III, West Virginia TOM COTTON, Arkansas KAMALA HARRIS, California JOHN CORNYN, Texas MITCH MCCONNELL, Kentucky, Ex Officio CHUCK SCHUMER, New York, Ex Officio JOHN MCCAIN, Arizona, Ex Officio JACK REED, Rhode Island, Ex Officio CHRIS JOYNER, Staff Director MICHAEL CASEY, Minority Staff Director KELSEY STROUD BAILEY, Chief Clerk (II) VerDate Sep 11 2014 14:25 Aug 20, 2018 Jkt 030925 PO 00000 Frm 00002 Fmt 5904 Sfmt 5904 C:\DOCS\30119.TXT SHAUN LAP51NQ082 with DISTILLER CONTENTS MAY 9, 2018 OPENING STATEMENTS Burr, Hon. Richard, Chairman, a U.S. Senator from North Carolina ................ 1 Warner, Mark R., Vice Chairman, a U.S. Senator from Virginia ........................ 3 WITNESSES Chambliss, Saxby, former U.S. -
EXTENSIONS of REMARKS 34159 EXTENSIONS of REMARKS AVIATION SAFETY and NOISE Millions of People Around Major Airports
November 29, 1979 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 34159 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS AVIATION SAFETY AND NOISE millions of people around major airports. It On October 22 the Senate passed H.R 2440, would also weaken the incentives for replace striking the provisions of the House ini REDUCTION ACT ment of aircraft with new technology air tiated b111 and substituting for them the planes that could offer even more noise relief provisions of S. 413, the Senate "noise bill". to the millions of Americans who are ex I am advised the Senate has already ap HON. NORMAN Y. M!NETA posed daily to unacceptable levels of aircraft pointed conferees in anticipation of a con OF CALIFORNLA noise. ference on H.R. 2440. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 3. By authorizing some $300 mi111on in In expressing the Administration's opposi excess of the President's budget for FY 1980, tion to H.R. 3942, I outlined a number of Thursday, November 29, 1979 an increase which ls unwarranted, the bill objectionable features of the b1ll. The pro e Mr. MINETA. Mr. Speaker, I ha;ve would be infiationary. In any event, as you visions of H.R. 2440, as passed by the Senate, asked the White House for a clear sig know, the House already acted to establish a.ire comparable in many respects to those an obligations limit on the airport devel undesirable fiseal and environmental provi nal that legislation rolling back the fieet opment program for 1980 at a level which is sions of H.R. 3942 to which we are opposed; noise rule would be vetoed. -
The Iran Nuclear Deal: What You Need to Know About the Jcpoa
THE IRAN NUCLEAR DEAL: WHAT YOU NEED TO KNOW ABOUT THE JCPOA wh.gov/iran-deal What You Need to Know: JCPOA Packet The Details of the JCPOA • FAQs: All the Answers on JCPOA • JCPOA Exceeds WINEP Benchmarks • Timely Access to Iran’s Nuclear Program • JCPOA Meeting (and Exceeding) the Lausanne Framework • JCPOA Does Not Simply Delay an Iranian Nuclear Weapon • Tools to Counter Iranian Missile and Arms Activity • Sanctions That Remain In Place Under the JCPOA • Sanctions Relief — Countering Iran’s Regional Activities What They’re Saying About the JCPOA • National Security Experts and Former Officials • Regional Editorials: State by State • What the World is Saying About the JCPOA Letters and Statements of Support • Iran Project Letter • Letter from former Diplomats — including five former Ambassadors to Israel • Over 100 Ambassador letter to POTUS • US Conference of Catholic Bishops Letter • Atlantic Council Iran Task Force Statement Appendix • Statement by the President on Iran • SFRC Hearing Testimony, SEC Kerry July 14, 2015 July 23, 2015 • Key Excerpts of the JCPOA • SFRC Hearing Testimony, SEC Lew July 23, 2015 • Secretary Kerry Press Availability on Nuclear Deal with Iran • SFRC Hearing Testimony, SEC Moniz July 14, 2015 July 23, 2015 • Secretary Kerry and Secretary Moniz • SASC Hearing Testimony, SEC Carter Washington Post op-ed July 29, 2015 July 22, 2015 THE DETAILS OF THE JCPOA After 20 months of intensive negotiations, the U.S. and our international partners have reached an historic deal that will verifiably prevent Iran from obtaining a nuclear weapon. The United States refused to take a bad deal, pressing for a deal that met every single one of our bottom lines. -
Goodbye Gutenberg NIEMAN REPORTS
NIEMAN REPORTS THE NIEMAN FOUNDATION FOR JOURNALISM AT HARVARD UNIVERSITY VOL. 60 NO. 4 WINTER 2006 Five Dollars Goodbye Gutenberg rward • Building C g Fo omm hin un us it P y • • F ge in n d a in h g C O e h u t r g F n o i o s t n i n e g S • • E s x d r p o a n W d g i n n i g k O a u T r • R s e n a o c i t h c • e n C n o o n C v e w r e g i N n g g n o i r n o l t h p e x E W e • b ‘… to promote and elevate the standards of journalism’ —Agnes Wahl Nieman, the benefactor of the Nieman Foundation. Vol. 60 No. 4 NIEMAN REPORTS Winter 2006 THE NIEMAN FOUNDATION FOR JOURNALISM AT HARVARD UNIVERSITY Publisher Bob Giles Editor Melissa Ludtke Assistant Editor Lois Fiore Editorial Assistant Sarah Hagedorn Design Editor Diane Novetsky Nieman Reports (USPS #430-650) is published Editorial in March, June, September and December Telephone: 617-496-6308 by the Nieman Foundation at Harvard University, E-Mail Address: One Francis Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02138-2098. [email protected] Subscriptions/Business Internet Address: Telephone: 617-496-2968 www.nieman.harvard.edu E-Mail Address: [email protected] Copyright 2006 by the President and Fellows of Harvard College. Subscription $20 a year, $35 for two years; add $10 per year for foreign airmail. -
US Military Intervention in the Post-Cold War
University of Connecticut OpenCommons@UConn Doctoral Dissertations University of Connecticut Graduate School 4-29-2014 U.S. Military Intervention in the Post-Cold War Era: A Case Study Analysis of Presidential Decision Making Dennis N. Ricci University of Connecticut - Storrs, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://opencommons.uconn.edu/dissertations Recommended Citation Ricci, Dennis N., "U.S. Military Intervention in the Post-Cold War Era: A Case Study Analysis of Presidential Decision Making" (2014). Doctoral Dissertations. 364. https://opencommons.uconn.edu/dissertations/364 U.S. Military Intervention in the Post-Cold War Era: A Case-Study Analysis of Presidential Decision Making Dennis N. Ricci, Ph.D. University of Connecticut 2014 ABSTRACT The primary focus of this study is to explain presidential decision making, specifically whether to intervene militarily or not in a given circumstance in the Post-Cold War era. First, we define military intervention as the deployment of troops and weaponry in active military engagement (not peacekeeping). The cases in which we are interested involve the actual or intended use of force (“boots on the ground”), in other words, not drone attacks or missile strikes. Thus, we substantially reduce the number of potential cases by excluding several limited uses of force against Iraq, Sudan, and Afghanistan in the 1990s. Given the absence of a countervailing force or major power to serve as deterrent, such as the Soviet enemy in the Cold War period, there are potentially two types of military interventions: (1) humanitarian intervention designed to stop potential genocide and other atrocities and (2) the pre-emptive reaction to terrorism or other threats, such as under the Bush Doctrine. -
We Call It Privilege, They Call It Freedom to Smear Sylvan MEYER
1eman• orts December 1965 What Good is a Baby? ROBERT C. TOTH We Call it Privilege, They Call it Freedom to Smear SYLvAN MEYER The Journalist and the Educator c. A. McKNIGHT The Chandlers ofLos Angeles: The World of Otis, Norman and 13ulf MITCHELL GORDON 2 NIEMAN REPORTS was to enroll. I returned to North Carolina, too late to en ter Davidson, and got a job for a year as a cub reporter on my hometown newspaper. NiemanRe:ports I followed through on my plan of study and majored in Spanish. Each summer, I returned to the newspaper. At the VOL. XIX, NO. 4 DECEMBER 1965 end of four years, the tug of war was over. Journalism had won, teaching had lost. Had it not been for that hurricane, Louis M. Lyons, Editor, 1947-64 I am quite certain that I would be holding forth in some Dwight E. Sargent Mary Ann Pratt college classroom today. I may not be the only man whose Editor Managing Editor career was changed by the winds of a hurricane, but I am the only one I know. Editorial Board of the Society of Nieman Fellows Throughout the years I have quieted any doubts about Robert W. Brown Weldon B. James Rock Hill Evening Herald Louisville Courier-J oumal the rightness of my choice by telling myself that, after all, Millard C. Browne Edwin A. Lahey journalism is essentially an educational function. And I Buffalo News Knight Newspapers have salved my conscience by giving much of my life to William B. Dickinson Robert Lasch causes, boards and agencies that have had as their objective Philadelphia Bulletin St. -
Private Security Companies and Political Order in Congo
Private security companies and political order in Congo A HISTORY OF EXTRAVERSION Peer Schouten Private security companies and political order in Congo A history of extraversion Peer Schouten Doctoral Dissertation in Peace and Development Research School of Global Studies University of Gothenburg (June 5, 2014) © Peer Schouten Cover layout & illustration: Socrates Schouten Photo sources: private security guards and police officer against Goma background. (Peer Schouten, 2010/2012) Printing: Ineko, Gothenburg, 2014 ISBN: 978-91-628-9093-1 http://hdl.handle.net/2077/35683 ‘Un scorpion se promène sur les rives du fleuve Zaïre à Kinshasa et aperçoit un crocodile prenant un bain de soleil. Eh, dit le scorpion au crocodile, peux-tu me prendre sur ton dos et m'amener sur l'autre rive a Brazzaville? Que non, répond le crocodile. Je te connais trop bien: tu seras sur mon dos, et une fois au milieu du fleuve, tu vas me piquer et nous allons couler tous les deux. Mais non, rétorque le scorpion! Comment ferais-je une chose aussi aberrante? Si je te pique et que nous coulons tous les deux, je n'arriverai jamais à Brazzaville où pourtant je veux me rendre. Bien raisonné, dit le crocodile, monte sur mon dos et je t'emmène à Brazzaville. Et voilà notre scorpion sur le dos du crocodile qui se met à nager en direction de l'autre rive. Arrivé au beau milieu du fleuve, le scorpion pique à mort le crocodile et tous les deux se mettent à couler. Alors le crocodile mourant s'écrie dans un dernier souffle: Qu'est-ce que c'est que cette affaire? Le scorpion à moitié mort de répondre: c'est le Zaïre, ne cherche pas à comprendre.’ Ilunga Kabongo (1984: 13) i Table of Contents Table of Contents ......................................................................................................... -
Democracy and Governance Cross-Sectoral Linkages Zambia Case Study
Democracy and Governance Division Office of Sustainable Development Bureau for Africa DEMOCRACY AND GOVERNANCE CROSS-SECTORAL LINKAGES ZAMBIA CASE STUDY December 1999 Field Work Conducted November 1998 PN-ACJ-165 Team Members: Dr. Dana Ott AFR/SD/DG Anne O’Toole Salinas, ABIC Dr. David M. Miller, consultant TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF ACRONYMS USED.........................................................................................................................................................I STUDY BACKGROUND AND METHODS ................................................................................................................................II I. OVERVIEW: COUNTRY EXPERIENCE..........................................................................................................................1 II. HOST COUNTRY CONTEXT............................................................................................................................................1 III. THE MISSION CONTEXT FOR SYNERGY....................................................................................................................3 Strategic Objectives..............................................................................................................................................................3 Strategic Team Organization .............................................................................................................................................3 Origin and Activities of the DG SO....................................................................................................................................4 -
DEPARTMENT of STATE 2201 C Street NW., Washington, DC 20520 Phone, 202–647–4000
DEPARTMENT OF STATE 2201 C Street NW., Washington, DC 20520 Phone, 202±647±4000. Internet, http://www.state.gov/. SECRETARY OF STATE MADELEINE K. ALBRIGHT Chief of Staff ELAINE K. SHOCAS Executive Assistant ALEJANDRO D. WOLFF Special Assistant to the Secretary and KRISTIE A. KENNEY Executive Secretary of the Department Deputy Assistant Secretary for Equal DEIDRE A. DAVIS Employment Opportunity and Civil Rights Chief of Protocol MARY MEL FRENCH Chairman, Foreign Service Grievance Board THOMAS J. DILAURO Civil Service Ombudsman TED A. BOREK Deputy Secretary of State STROBE TALBOTT Under Secretary for Political Affairs THOMAS R. PICKERING Under Secretary for Economic, Business, and STUART E. EIZENSTAT Agricultural Affairs Under Secretary for Arms Control and JOHN D. HOLUM, Acting International Security Under Secretary for Management BONNIE R. COHEN Under Secretary for Global Affairs FRANK E. LOY Counselor of the Department of State WENDY SHERMAN Assistant Secretary for Administration PATRICK F. KENNEDY Assistant Secretary for Consular Affairs MARY A. RYAN Assistant Secretary for Diplomatic Security DAVID G. CARPENTER and Director of the Office of Foreign Missions Chief Financial Officer BERT T. EDWARDS Chief Information Officer and Director of the FERNANDO BURBANO Bureau of Information Resource Management Director General of the Foreign Service and EDWARD W. GNEHM, JR. Director of Personnel Medical Director, Department of State and CEDRIC E. DUMONT the Foreign Service Executive Secretary, Board of the Foreign TED PLOSSER Service Director of the Foreign Service Institute RUTH A. DAVIS Assistant Secretary for Population, Refugee, JULIA V. TAFT and Migration Affairs Inspector General JACQUELYN L. WILLIAMS-BRIDGERS Director, Policy Planning Staff MORTON H. -
Milam.William.B..Pdf
The Association for Diplomatic Studies and Training Foreign Affairs Oral History Project AMBASSADOR WILLIAM B. MILAM Interviewed by: Charles Stuart Kennedy Initial interview date: January 29, 2004 Copyright 2019 ADST TABLE OF CONTENTS Background Born in Bisbee, Arizona, July 24, 1936 BA in History, Stanford University 1956-1959 MA in Economics, University of Michigan 1969-1970 Entered the Foreign Service 1962 Martinique, France—Consular Officer 1962-1964 Charles de Gaulle’s Visit Hurricane of 1963 The Murder of Composer Marc Blitzstein Monrovia, Liberia—Economic Officer 1965-1967 Attempting to Compile Trade Statistics Adventure to Timbuktu Washington, DC—Desk Officer 1967-1969 African North West Country Directorate Working on Mali and the Military Coup Studied at the University of Michigan Washington, DC—Desk Officer 1970-1973 The Office of Monetary Affairs Studying Floating Rates London, United Kingdom—Economic Officer 1973-1975 Inflation under the Labor Party The Yom Kippur War Washington, DC—Economic Officer 1975-1977 Fuels and Energy Office The 1970s Energy Crisis The Carter Administration 1 Washington, DC—Deputy Director/Director 1977-1983 Office of Monetary Affairs The Paris Club Problems between Governments and Banks Working with Brazil and the Paris Club Yaoundé, Cameroon—Deputy Chief of Mission 1983-1985 The Oil Fields of Cameroon Army Mutiny and Fighting Around Yaoundé Washington, DC—Deputy Assistant Secretary 1985-1990 International Finance and Development Fighting the Department of Defense on Microchip Manufacturing Dhaka, -
Africa Watch Overview
AFRICA WATCH OVERVIEW Human Rights Developments In Africa, the year 1991 proved momentous. Several despotic governments lost power, others were belatedly forced to concede the principle of democratic accountability, and two major long-running civil wars came to an end. The "winds of change" that had become noticeable in 1990 were blowing more strongly still. However, human rights violations continued in all parts of the continent, in some places reaching unprecedented levels. Africa Watch faced increased demands for its work, and was continually faced with new challenges. Without doubt, the most important and hopeful development in 1991 was the rapid spread of demands for democratization. Following the end of the Cold War, dictators who had previously relied on the unquestioning support of the United States, the Soviet Union or France suddenly found themselves as clients in search of a patron. As the value of these dictators as pawns in a global chess game diminished, the former patrons were unwilling to continue underwriting authoritarian, warlike and abusive governments. The withdrawal of international support forced these dictators to confront internal pressures for change. Many Africans who had courageously struggled for years to secure human rights and civil liberties began to see the prospect of success. Movements for multiparty democracy, civil liberties and human rights blossomed and gained confidence throughout the year. The most auspicious change in 1991 was the election in Zambia, in which President Kenneth Kaunda, who had ruled the country since independence, was defeated in a fair multiparty election. Kaunda gave his successor a tour of the State House, handed over the keys and left peacefully for his farm, setting an important precedent for the peaceful transfer of power in Africa. -
Violence and Instability in Ituri
Violence and Instability in Ituri DJUGU’S MYSTIC CRISIS AND THE CAMOUFLAGE OF ETHNIC CONFLICT Amir Sungura, Limbo Kitonga, Bernard van Soest and Ndakasi Ndeze INSECURE LIVELIHOODS SERIES / JULY 2020 Photo cover: Internally displaced people in Drodro, Ituri ©️ John Wessels Violence and Instability in Ituri DJUGU’S MYSTIC CRISIS AND THE CAMOUFLAGE OF ETHNIC CONFLICT Amir Sungura, Limbo Kitonga, Bernard van Soest and Ndakasi Ndeze Executive summary This report analyses the string of attacks in and around Djugu territory in Ituri since late 2017. Based on both historical and recent conflict analysis, it finds recent and concrete triggers of the ongoing crisis, nonetheless rooted in protracted tension over land, livelihood and territory, often framed in ethnic binaries. Situated in a geopolitically strategic – but contested – area and shaped by eastern Congo’s broader security challenges, the Djugu crisis quickly escalated, with hundreds killed and half a million displaced. While the bulk of the violence seem to be driven by CODECO, an opaque mystico- armed movement, the government-led response rather com- plicated than attenuated violence. This report demonstrates that peace building in Djugu depends on deeper understanding of conflict dynamics and requires addressing political manipulation. Stabilisation efforts thus need to be embedded in broad strategies to address longstanding tension over land and identity. VIOLENCE AND INSTABILITY IN ITURI 4 Table of Contents 1 | INTRODUCTION 6 2 | BACKGROUND TO THE CURRENT CONFLICT 8 2.1 Ituri in