Women in Nineteenth-Century Russia: Lives and Culture
Total Page：16
File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb
To access digital resources including: blog posts videos online appendices and to purchase copies of this book in: hardback paperback ebook editions Go to: https://www.openbookpublishers.com/product/98 Open Book Publishers is a non-profit independent initiative. We rely on sales and donations to continue publishing high-quality academic works. Wendy Rosslyn is Emeritus Professor of Russian Literature at the University of Nottingham, UK. Her research on Russian women includes Anna Bunina (1774-1829) and the Origins of Women’s Poetry in Russia (1997), Feats of Agreeable Usefulness: Translations by Russian Women Writers 1763- 1825 (2000) and Deeds not Words: The Origins of Female Philantropy in the Russian Empire (2007). Alessandra Tosi is a Fellow at Clare Hall, Cambridge. Her publications include Waiting for Pushkin: Russian Fiction in the Reign of Alexander I (1801-1825) (2006), A. M. Belozel’skii-Belozerskii i ego filosofskoe nasledie (with T. V. Artem’eva et al.) and Women in Russian Culture and Society, 1700-1825 (2007), edited with Wendy Rosslyn. Women in Nineteenth-Century Russia: Lives and Culture Edited by Wendy Rosslyn and Alessandra Tosi Open Book Publishers CIC Ltd., 40 Devonshire Road, Cambridge, CB1 2BL, United Kingdom http://www.openbookpublishers.com © 2012 Wendy Rosslyn and Alessandra Tosi Some rights are reserved. This book is made available under the Creative Commons Attribution-Non-Commercial-No Derivative Works 2.0 UK: England & Wales License. This license allows for copying any part of the work for personal and non-commercial use, providing author attribution is clearly stated. Details of allowances and restrictions are available at: http://www.openbookpublishers.com As with all Open Book Publishers titles, digital material and resources associated with this volume are available from our website: http://www.openbookpublishers.com/product.php/98 ISBN Hardback: 978-1-906924-66-9 ISBN Paperback: 978-1-906924-65-2 ISBN Digital (pdf): 978-1-906924-67-6 ISBN Digital ebook (epub version): 978-1-906924-68-3 ISBN Digital ebook (mobi version): 978-1-906924-69-0 Cover: Ekaterina Khilkova, The Interior of the Women’s Department of the St Petersburg Drawing School for Auditors. 1855, oil on canvas, 73 x 89 cm. State Russian Museum, St Petersburg. Typesetting by www.bookgenie.in Acknowledgment is made to the State Russian Museum (St Petersburg), the State Hermitage Museum (St Petersburg) and Sotheby’s (London) for permission to reproduce artwork in their possession. All paper used by Open Book Publishers is SFI (Sustainable Forestry Initiative), PEFC (Programme for the Endorsement of Forest Certification Schemes) and Forest Stewardship Council (FSC) certified. Printed in the United Kingdom and United States by Lightning Source for Open Book Publishers Contents Page Illustrations viii Contributors ix 1. Introduction: Framing the View: Russian Women in the 1 Long Nineteenth Century Sibelan Forrester 2. Women and Urban Culture 19 Barbara Alpern Engel 3. Russian Peasant Women’s Culture: Three Voices 41 Christine D. Worobec 4. Mary and Women in Late Imperial Russian Orthodoxy 63 Vera Shevzov 5. Women and the Visual Arts 91 Rosalind P. Blakesley 6. Women and Music 119 Philip Ross Bullock 7. The Rise of the Actress in Early Nineteenth-Century Russia 137 Julie A. Cassiday 8. ‘How Women Should Write’: Russian Women’s 161 Writing in the Nineteenth Century Arja Rosenholm and Irina Savkina 9. Between Law and Morality: Violence against 209 Women in Nineteenth-Century Russia Marianna G. Muravyeva 10. Index 239 Illustrations Page Fig. 1 Marie Louise Elisabeth Vigée-Lebrun, Self-portrait, 1800. 92 Oil on canvas, 78.5 x 68 cm. Inv. no. GE-7586 The State Hermitage Museum, St Petersburg. Photograph © The State Hermitage Museum Photo by Vladimir Terebenin, Leonard Kheifets, Yuri Molodkovets. Fig. 2 Grand Duchess Maria Fedorovna, three Imperial buttons, 95 1790. Drawings in graphite on vellum, mounted in gold frames. Lot no. 424, The Russian Sale, Sotheby’s, London, 1 December 2004. Photograph courtesy of Sotheby’s. Fig. 3 Grand Duchess Maria Fedorovna, three Imperial buttons, 96 1790 (detail of fig. 2). Fig. 4 Ekaterina Khilkova, The Interior of the Women’s Department 99 of the St Petersburg Drawing School for Auditors, 1855. Oil on canvas, 73 x 89 cm State Russian Museum, St Petersburg. Fig. 5 Christina Robertson, Portrait of Grand Duchess 100 Maria Nikolaevna, 1841. Oil on canvas, 249 x 151 cm. Inv. no. GE-4784. The State Hermitage Museum, St Petersburg. Photograph © The State Hermitage Museum. Photo by Vladimir Terebenin, Leonard Kheifets, Yuri Molodkovets. Fig. 6 The dynamics of rape, 1834–1893 212 Contributors Rosalind P. Blakesley is Senior Lecturer in the History of Art and a Fellow of Pembroke College at the University of Cambridge. Her publications include Russian Art and the West (co-editor, 2007); The Arts and Crafts Movement (2006); An Imperial Collection: Women Artists from the State Hermitage Museum (co-editor, 2003); and Russian Genre Painting in the Nineteenth Century (under her maiden name of Rosalind P. Gray, 2000). She has curated exhibitions in London, Moscow and Washington DC, and is now working on a new book on Russian painting from 1757 to 1873. Philip Ross Bullock is University Lecturer in Russian at the University of Oxford and Fellow in Russian at Wadham College. He has published widely in the fields of modern Russian literature and music and has a particular interest in the theory and practice of gender studies. He is the author of The Feminine in the Prose of Andrey Platonov (2005) and Rosa Newmarch and Russian Music in Late Nineteenth and Early Twentieth-Century England (2009), and the editor and translator of The Correspondence of Jean Sibelius and Rosa Newmarch, 1906-1939 (2011). Julie A. Cassiday is Professor of Russian and Chair of the Department of German and Russian at Williams College in Williamstown, Massachusetts. Her book, The Enemy on Trial: Early Soviet Courts on Stage and Screen (2000), examines the theatricality of show trials in the 1920s and 1930s, as well as their roots in avant-garde theatre and cinema. She has published several scholarly articles on Russian theatre of the early nineteenth and twentieth centuries and Stalinist film. She is currently writing a monograph on early nineteenth-century theatre and theatricality, which investigates the role of gender performance in the construction of Russian national identity, and completing an article on the personality cult surrounding Vladimir Putin. x Women in Nineteenth-Century Russia Barbara Engel is Distinguished Professor and member of the history department of the University of Colorado, Boulder. A recipient of support from the National Endowment for the Humanities and the John Simon Guggenheim Foundation, among others, she is the author of Mothers and Daughters: Women of the Intelligentsia in Nineteenth Century Russia (1983); Between the Fields and the City: Women, Work and Family in Russia, 1861–1914 (1995) and Women in Russia: 1700–2000 (2004), and most recently, Breaking the Ties that Bound: The Politics of Marital Strife in Late Imperial Russia (2011), as well as of numerous articles. She has made more than a dozen trips to Russia and the former Soviet Union. Sibelan E. S. Forrester is Professor of Russian and Chair of the Department of Modern Languages and Literatures at Swarthmore College in Swarthmore, Pennsylvania. She is co-editor of two volumes, Engendering Slavic Literatures (1996) and Over the Wall/After the Fall: Post-Communist Cultures through an East-West Gaze (2004). She has published translations of a number of Russian women poets, including Anna Bunina and Evdokiia Rostopchina. Marianna Muravyeva is Associate Professor of Law at Herzen State Pedagogical University of Russia. She teaches courses in human rights of women, gender and law and history of crime and political and legal theories in Russia and Europe. She is a member of several editorial boards and treasurer of Russian Association of Women’s and Gender Historians. She has published extensively in the fields of the history of women, gender, family and crime in Russia and Europe between 1600 and 1900. Her recent publications include: Vina i pozor v kontekste stanovleniia evropeiskikh gosudarstv novogo vremeni (2011); Cultural History of Sexuality (2010). Arja Rosenholm is Professor in Russian Literature and Culture and Director of the Russian Studies programme in the School of Language, Translation and Literary Studies at the University of Tampere, Finland. Her expertise encompasses various aspects of Russian and Soviet literature and culture, especially women’s writing, popular culture and media and ecocritical reading of Russian literature. Her publications include Gendering Awakening. Femininity and the Russian Woman Question of the 1860s (1999); and a number of co-edited works including: with S. Autio-Sarasmo, Understanding Russian Nature: Representations, Values and Concepts (2005); with A. Litovskaia, I. Savkina and E. Trubina, Obraz dostoinoi zhizni v sovremennikh rossiiskikh SMI Contributors xi (2008); with A. Nordenstreng, and K. and E. Trubina, Russian Mass Media and Changing Values (2010). Irina Savkina is Lecturer in Russian Literature at the Department of Russian Language and Culture, University of Tampere, Finland. Her fields of interest include Russian literary history, gender studies and popular culture. She is author of Provintsialki russkoi literatury (zhenskaia proza 30–40-kh godov XIX veka) (1998) and Razgovory s zerkalom i Zazerkal’em: Avtodokumental’nye zhenskie teksty v russkoi literature pervoi poloviny XIX veka (2007). Vera Shevzov is Professor of Religion at Smith College. She received her B.A. and Ph.D. from Yale University. Supported at various stages by the National Council for Eurasian and East European Research, the National Endowment of the Humanities, and the Social Science Research Council, her research has focused on Orthodox Christianity in Russia and has explored issues related to the notions of sacred community and collective religious identity, lived religion, women and religion, religion and visual culture and historical memory and national identity.