Writing Systems
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Uhm Phd 9506222 R.Pdf
INFORMATION TO USERS This manuscript has been reproduced from the microfilm master. UM! films the text directly from the original or copy submitted. Thus, some thesis and dissertation copies are in typewriter face, while others may be from any type of computer printer. The quality of this reproduction is dependent UJWD the quality of the copy submitted. Broken or indistinct print, colored or poor quality illustrations and photographs, print bleedthrough, substandard margins, and improper alignment can adverselyaffect reproduction. In the unlikely event that the author did not send UMI a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if unauthorized copyright material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. Oversize materials (e.g., maps, drawings, charts) are reproduced by sectioning the original, beginning at the upper left-band comer and continuing from left to right in equal sections with small overlaps. Each original is also photographed in one exposure and is included in reduced form at the back of the book. Photographs included in the original manuscript have been reproduced xerographically in this copy. Higher quality 6" x 9" black and white photographic prints are available for any photographs or illustrations appearing in this copy for an additional charge. Contact UMI directly to order. U·M·I University Microfilms tnternauonat A Bell & Howell tntorrnatron Company 300 North Zeeb Road. Ann Arbor. M148106-1346 USA 313/761-4700 800:521·0600 Order Number 9506222 The linguistic and psycholinguistic nature of kanji: Do kanji represent and trigger only meanings? Matsunaga, Sachiko, Ph.D. University of Hawaii, 1994 Copyright @1994 by Matsunaga, Sachiko. -
The Following Is the List of East Asian Linguistics-Related Publications (As
The following is the list of East Asian linguistics-related publications (as of February 2016) by our seven DEALL “East Asian Linguistics” faculty members’ (Chan, Nakayama, Noda, C. Quinn, Unger (Emeritus), Xie, & Yuasa). It shows not only our faculty members’ expertise, but also which issues have been investigated by them. Please note that the list does not include any linguistic reviews, abstracts, and encyclopedia entries, non-EA linguistics-related articles, and Pedagogy publications. Also it does not include translated books as separate entries. Linguistics in general Nakayama, M. (editor-in-chief) (2007-12) Journal of Japanese Linguistics 22-28. Minami, M. & M. Nakayama. (editors) (2013) Journal of Japanese Linguistics 29. Xie, Z. & T. Tsui. (eds.) (2015) Buckeye East Asian Linguistics (vol. 1). Columbus, OH: The Knowledge Bank. (http://kb.osu.edu/dspace/handle/1811/73648) Yuasa, E, T. Bagchi, & K. Beals. (eds.) (2011) Pragmatics and Autolexical Grammar: In Honors of Jerry Sadock. Amsterdam: John Benjamins. Inagaki, S., S. Arita, M. Hirakawa, Y. Hirakawa, H. Morikawa, M. Nakayama, J. Tsubaki, & H. Sirai (eds.) (2009) Studies in Language Science Vol. 8. Tokyo: Kurosio Publishers. Chan, M. K. M., & H. Kang (eds.) (2008) Proceedings of the 20th North American Conference on Chinese Linguistics (NACCL-20). 2 Volumes. Columbus, OH: East Asian Studies Center, The Ohio State University. Nakayama, M., M. Minami, H. Morikawa, K. Nakamura, & H. Sirai (eds.) (2006) Studies in Language Science Vol. 5. Tokyo: Kurosio Publishers. Minami, M., H. Kobayashi, M. Nakayama, & H. Sirai (eds.) (2005) Studies in Language Science Vol. 4. Tokyo: Kurosio Publishers. Minami, M., H. Kobayashi, M. Nakayama, & H. -
Writing Arabizi: Orthographic Variation in Romanized
WRITING ARABIZI: ORTHOGRAPHIC VARIATION IN ROMANIZED LEBANESE ARABIC ON TWITTER ! ! ! ! Natalie!Sullivan! ! ! ! TC!660H!! Plan!II!Honors!Program! The!University!of!Texas!at!Austin! ! ! ! ! May!4,!2017! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! _______________________________________________________! Barbara!Bullock,!Ph.D.! Department!of!French!&!Italian! Supervising!Professor! ! ! ! ! _______________________________________________________! John!Huehnergard,!Ph.D.! Department!of!Middle!Eastern!Studies! Second!Reader!! ii ABSTRACT Author: Natalie Sullivan Title: Writing Arabizi: Orthographic Variation in Romanized Lebanese Arabic on Twitter Supervising Professors: Dr. Barbara Bullock, Dr. John Huehnergard How does technology influence the script in which a language is written? Over the past few decades, a new form of writing has emerged across the Arab world. Known as Arabizi, it is a type of Romanized Arabic that uses Latin characters instead of Arabic script. It is mainly used by youth in technology-related contexts such as social media and texting, and has made many older Arabic speakers fear that more standard forms of Arabic may be in danger because of its use. Prior work on Arabizi suggests that although it is used frequently on social media, its orthography is not yet standardized (Palfreyman and Khalil, 2003; Abdel-Ghaffar et al., 2011). Therefore, this thesis aimed to examine orthographic variation in Romanized Lebanese Arabic, which has rarely been studied as a Romanized dialect. It was interested in how often Arabizi is used on Twitter in Lebanon and the extent of its orthographic variation. Using Twitter data collected from Beirut, tweets were analyzed to discover the most common orthographic variants in Arabizi for each Arabic letter, as well as the overall rate of Arabizi use. Results show that Arabizi was not used as frequently as hypothesized on Twitter, probably because of its low prestige and increased globalization. -
Language Development in Eritrea: the Case of Blin
Fallon, Paul D. 2008. Language development in Eritrea: The case of Blin. In Sustain- ing linguistic diversity: Endangered and minority languages and language varieties, ed. by Kendall A. King, Natalie Schilling-Estes, Lyn Fogle, Jia Jackie Lou, and Bar- bara Soukup, 145-158. Washington, DC: Georgetown University Press. 10 Language Development in Eritrea The Case of Blin PAUL D. FALLON University of Mary Washington The Blin People and Language Background of Blin Blin, also called Bilin or Bilen, is a Central Cushitic (or Agaw) language of Eritrea with approximately ninety thousand speakers. The Blin are located in the ‘Anseba Administrative Zone, centered around Keren, which is ninety-one kilometers north- west of the national capital, Asmara. Most Blin are agriculturalists, conducting mixed farming and breeding of goats, sheep, and cattle (Abbebe 2001; Smidt 2003). The Blin comprise only 2.1 percent of the national population, and even in Keren they form no more than 20 percent of the population. Their nearest linguistic rela- tives (Xamtaŋa, Kemantney) are in Ethiopia. The Blin are surrounded by a sea of Ethiosemitic speakers, primarily Tigre to the north, spoken by more than 31 percent of the national population, and Tigrinya to the south, spoken by 50 percent (U.S. Dept. of State 2007). Further, they are divided along religious lines, with roughly half or more of the population being Muslim, and the other half Christian, primarily Eritrean Catholic. Because of a fairly large degree of intermarriage, there are very few monolingual Blin; most are bi- or trilingual in Tigrinya and/or Tigre, and many also know such languages as Arabic, English, Amharic, and Italian. -
General Historical and Analytical / Writing Systems: Recent Script
9 Writing systems Edited by Elena Bashir 9,1. Introduction By Elena Bashir The relations between spoken language and the visual symbols (graphemes) used to represent it are complex. Orthographies can be thought of as situated on a con- tinuum from “deep” — systems in which there is not a one-to-one correspondence between the sounds of the language and its graphemes — to “shallow” — systems in which the relationship between sounds and graphemes is regular and trans- parent (see Roberts & Joyce 2012 for a recent discussion). In orthographies for Indo-Aryan and Iranian languages based on the Arabic script and writing system, the retention of historical spellings for words of Arabic or Persian origin increases the orthographic depth of these systems. Decisions on how to write a language always carry historical, cultural, and political meaning. Debates about orthography usually focus on such issues rather than on linguistic analysis; this can be seen in Pakistan, for example, in discussions regarding orthography for Kalasha, Wakhi, or Balti, and in Afghanistan regarding Wakhi or Pashai. Questions of orthography are intertwined with language ideology, language planning activities, and goals like literacy or standardization. Woolard 1998, Brandt 2014, and Sebba 2007 are valuable treatments of such issues. In Section 9.2, Stefan Baums discusses the historical development and general characteristics of the (non Perso-Arabic) writing systems used for South Asian languages, and his Section 9.3 deals with recent research on alphasyllabic writing systems, script-related literacy and language-learning studies, representation of South Asian languages in Unicode, and recent debates about the Indus Valley inscriptions. -
Visible Language
VISIBLE LANGUAGE The Journal for Research on the Visual Media if Language Expression Volume X, Number 4, Autumn 1976 /SSN 0022-2224 295-308 Digraphia in Advertising: The Public as Guinea Pig James R. J aquith 309-322 Internalization of English Orthographic Patterns Robert H. Secrist 323-338 The Phonological R elevance of Spelling Pronunciation Andrew Kerek 339-350 Methods and Theories of Learning to Spell Tested by Studies of Deaf Children Arthur I. Gates and Esther H. Chase 351-365 Notes on the History of English Spelling Richard L. V enezky 366-376 Excerpt from The American Spelling Book Noah Webster 377-379 Abstracts of Articles in French, German, and Spanish 380 The Authors 381-384 Index to Volume X Cover: Detail of New England Country School by Winslow Homer. Reproduced with the permission of the Addison Gallery of American Art, Phillips Academy, Massachusetts. VISIBLE LANGUAGE, VolumeX, Number4, Autumn 1976. Published quarterly (Winter, Spring, Summer, and Autumn) by Visible Language, Box 1972 CMA, Cleveland, OH 44106. Copyright 1976 by Visible Language. Second-class postage paid at Cleveland, Ohio. Merald E. Wrolstad, Ph.D., Editor and Publisher P. 0. Box 1972 CMA, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA ADVISORY BOARD Colin Banks, Banks and Miles, London Roland Barthes, Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes, Paris Fernand Baudin, Bonlez par Grez-Doiceau, Belgium Szymon Bojko, Warsaw Pieter Brattinga, Form Mediation International, Amsterdam Edward M. Catich, Saint Ambrose College Murray Eden, MIT I. J . Gelb, Oriental Institute, University of Chicago Ephraim Gleichenhaus, ICTA Representative, New York Kenneth S. Goodman, University of Arizona Randall P. Harrison, Michigan State University Ernest H och, ICOGRADA R epresentative, Reading University Albert Kapr, Hochschule fur Grafik und Buchkunst, Leipzig Alexander Lawson, Rochester Institute for Technology C. -
Use of the Latin Script in Non-Latin-Script Languages
HELSINGIN YLIOPISTO Use of the Latin script in non-Latin script languages Anni Luoma Master's Thesis Linguistic Diversity in the Digital Age Faculty of Arts University of Helsinki 5/2019 i Tiedekunta/Osasto – Fakultet/Sektion – Faculty Laitos - Institution - Department Faculty of Arts Department of Languages Tekijä - Författare - Author Anni Luoma Työn nimi - Arbetets titel - Title Use of the Latin script in non-Latin script languages Oppiaine - Läroämne - Subject General Linguistics Työn laji - Arbetets art- Level Aika - Datum - Month and year Sivumäärä - Sidoantal – Number of pages Master’s Thesis May 2019 72 + 18 Tiivistelmä - Referat - Abstract This study examines the use of the Latin script in languages where the Latin script is not the official writing system. The aim of the research is to get a general perception of where and why the Latin script is used in those languages. The study concentrates on the use of the Latin script of individual writers, especially in informal writing situations online. The study also examines if the individuals have seen the Latin script used by others. In addition, the study finds out about the keyboard functionality when writing in the Latin and non-Latin scripts. Many case studies have covered the phenomenon of digraphia, which is a situation where one language uses two writing systems. However, a broader crosslinguistic study has not been done on this topic. The Latin script is the dominant script on the Internet which might have an impact on the script choice in online writing. Internet language and chatting are broadly studied but because of the continuously changing nature of the Internet, more research is required on these topics. -
Han'gŭlization and Romanization
HAN’GŬLIZATION AND ROMANIZATION: TWO MODELS OF SCRIPT CHANGE by TIMOTHY WAYLAND ALFORD DOUGLAS LIGHTFOOT, COMMITTEE CHAIR JOHN PETROVIC, COMMITTEE CO-CHAIR ERIN O’ROURKE MICHAEL PICONE BEDRETTIN YAZAN A DISSERTATION Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of Modern Languages and Classics in the Graduate School of The University of Alabama TUSCALOOSA, ALABAMA 2019 Copyright Timothy Wayland Alford 2019 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED ABSTRACT Script change is a branch of language planning and language policy. To assist language planners and policy makers with their endeavors, I have performed a Qualitative Research Synthesis to determine if the Han’gŭlization of Korean and the Romanization of Turkish are two distinct models of script change and if one model is more useful than the other. After describing language planning and policy making, I define script change, operationalize the terms used in the field, and discuss its history, its causes, and factors. Then, I explain the methodology and detail how I use it. Next, there are case studies of the language communities which exemplify the two models of script change: Korean representing the evolutionary one and Turkish the revolutionary. Following that, there are selected studies regarding the status of each script change. Current research on Korean asks who should receive credit for the revaluation of Han’gŭl; for Turkish the concern is national identity reconstruction along neo-Ottomanist lines. The data extracted from the selected studies are used to identify themes and sub-themes for producing a synthesis and a comparative analysis. My conclusion is that the answers to my questions are in the affirmative: the two models are distinct, and one is more useful than the other. -
Understanding Relations Between Scripts II: Early Alphabets Took Place in March 2017 at the Faculty of Classics, Cambridge
Understanding Relations Between Scripts II Early Alphabets edited by Philip J. Boyes and Philippa M. Steele Oxford & Philadelphia Published in the United Kingdom in 2020 by OXBOW BOOKS The Old Music Hall, 106–108 Cowley Road, Oxford OX4 1JE and in the United States by OXBOW BOOKS 1950 Lawrence Road, Havertown, PA 19083 © Oxbow Books and the individual contributors 2020 Hardback Edition: ISBN 978-1-78925-092-3 Digital Edition: ISBN 978-1-78925-093-0 (ePub) A CIP record for this book is available from the British Library Library of Congress Control Number: 2019948186 An open-access on-line version of this book is available at: http://books.casematepublishing.com/ Understanding_relations_between_Scripts_II_Early_alphabets. The online work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported Licence. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons. org/licenses/ by/3.0/ or send a letter to Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, California, 94041, USA. This licence allows for copying any part of the online work for personal and commercial use, providing author attribution is clearly stated. Some rights reserved. No part of the print edition of the book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical including photocopying, recording or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission from the publisher in writing. Materials provided by third parties remain the copyright of their owners. Typeset in India for Casemate Publishing Services. www.casematepublishingservices.com For a complete list of Oxbow titles, please contact: UNITED KINGDOM UNITED STATES OF AMERICA Oxbow Books Oxbow Books Telephone (01865) 241249 Telephone (610) 853-9131, Fax (610) 853-9146 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected] www.oxbowbooks.com www.casemateacademic.com/oxbow Oxbow Books is part of the Casemate Group Front cover: From the Cesnola Collection, Metropolitan Museum of Art. -
Proposal for Arabic Script Root Zone LGR
Proposal for Arabic Script Root Zone LGR LGR Version: 1 Authors: Task Force on Arabic Script IDN (TF-AIDN) https://community.icann.org/display/MES/TF-AIDN+Work+Space Date: 18 November 2015 Document Version: 3.4 Contents General Information ..................................................................................................................................... 2 1 Script and Languages Covered .............................................................................................................. 2 2 Process Undertaken for Developing the Proposal ................................................................................ 4 2.1 Team diversity and process .......................................................................................................... 4 2.2 Analysis of code point repertoire.................................................................................................. 6 2.3 Analysis of code point variants ..................................................................................................... 8 3 Code Point Repertoire......................................................................................................................... 10 3.1 Summary of code point repertoire included and excluded ........................................................ 10 3.2 Code point repertoire included .................................................................................................. 12 4 Final Recommendation of Variants for Top Level Domains (TLDs) .................................................... -
Incipient Musings on Theory and Formation of Modern Korean Digraphia
INVESTIGATIONES LINGUISTICAE VOL. XL, 2018 © INSTITUTE OF LINGUISTICS – ADAM MICKIEWICZ UNIVERSITY AL. NIEPODLEGŁOŚCI 4, 60-874, POZNAŃ – POLAND Incipient Musings on Theory and Formation of Modern Korean Digraphia William Strnad Faculty of Modern Languages and Literatures, Adam Mickiewicz University al. Niepodległości 4, 61-874 Poznań [email protected] Abstract This article explores modern Korean digraphia, its chracteristics, duality and formation. The author posits that the essential axis of argumentation of the Korean digraphic debate related to the applications of Chinese characters and Korean phonetic script was formed by the early part of the twentieth century, and would be recapitulated in the two Koreas against the backdrop of post- colonial metanarration and Cold War politics. The author asserts that the functional and synchronic nature of modern Korean digraphia was formed under the influence of the Lyotardian modernity emancipation and speculative (science) metanarratives, as well as the discourse of modern Korean nationalism, which synchronically formed in the Korean assertion of national identity and idependence, during Koreaʼs struggle against imperialism. 1. Introduction It can be asserted that digraphia in some form existed prior to the invention of the Korean phonetic script in the fifteenth century, given the existence of such script forms as idu, hyangch’al, and kugyŏl, all of which used Chinese characters to replicate spoken Korean (J. W. Kim, 2007). However, specific to the focus of this work and based on scholarship on the parameters of digraphia, with the 1443 invention of hunmin chŏng’ŭm, later to be termed “vulgar script” (ŏnmun), “national script” (kungmun), and finally, han’gŭl or chosŏn’gŭl, there existed a synchronic form of digraphia, or the simultaneous existence of two writing Investigationes Linguisticae, vol. -
Index of Names
Cambridge University Press 0521782171 - Writing Systems: An Introduction to their Linguistic Analysis Florian Coulmas Index More information Index of names Abercrombie, David 89 Bursuk, Laura Z. 92 Adams, Marilyn 215 Butterworth, B. 216 Adiseshiah, M. S. 223 Ahn, Pyong-Hi 159 Carney, Edward 183, 185 Albright, William F. 194 Carroll, Lewis 109 Albrow, K. H. 183 Catach, Nina 21 Alcuin of York 94 Cattell, James M. 213 Aline, David P. 215 Caxton, William 101 Al-Khatib, Mahmoud xvii Chafe, Wallace 220 Anderson, James M. 62 Champollion, Jean Fran¸cois9, 170–2 Aristotle 2–5, 8 Charlemagne 97, 225 Aronoff, Mark 9, 13 Chen, Ping 86, 236 Ashurbanipal 67 Cheng Chao-Ming 212 A´soka 132 Chomsky, Noam 13, 89f., 183 Assmann, Jan xvii, 8 Christin, A.-M. 191 Atat¨urk,Mustafa Kemal 238 Cicero 91 Augustine 210, 222 Civil, Miguel 177 Avrin, Leila 117 Clanchy, M. T. 40 Clark, John W. 238 Bacon, Francis 23 Coe, Michael 2, 62, 196 Barthes, Roland 223 Cohen, Jonathan 24 Battestini, Simon 15, 22f. Cohen, Marcel 21 Baurain, Claude 62 Cohn, Abigail 89 Bell, Alexander Melville 28, 30 Cole, Michael 62, 74 Bennet, Jo Anne 72 Cook, Vivian 183 Bennett, Emmett L. 82 Cooper, Jerrold S. 45 Berry, John W. 72 Coulmas, Florian 14, 21, 132, 224, 226 Bigelow, Charles 108 Cross, Frank Moore 201 Boogert, Nico van den 201 Crystal, David 39 Bradley, David 83 Cubelli, R. 219 Breiter, Carl 218 Bricker, Victoria R. 62 Dalby, David 62, 72 Bright, William xvii, 21, 76, 113, 131f., Damerow, Peter 41, 44, 192 139 Daniels, Peter 21, 76, 113 Britto, Francis 229 Dante Alighieri 220 B¨uhler, Georg 132, 140 Darnell, R.