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S Croatia Occupies 56,540 Km2 with a Population of 4,726,000 People

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S Croatia Occupies 56,540 Km2 with a Population of 4,726,000 People Important Bird Areas in Europe – Croatia ■ CROATIA Willow forest along the River Drava (IBA 011). (PHOTO: T. MIKUSKA) OVERVIEW YU018 did not meet criteria in the previous inventory but were judged important for migratory species and therefore included. As Croatia occupies 56,540 km2 with a population of 4,726,000 people. these sites do not meet the revised criteria for this inventory either, Twenty-three Important Bird Areas (IBAs) are identified, covering they have not been confirmed as IBAs (Table 1). In addition to the 7,546 km2 (approximately 13%) of the country’s surface area. This 17 sites retained from the previous inventory, six new sites have inventory represents a partial update of the previous pan-European been identified (Table 1, Map 1). inventory (Grimmett and Jones 1989). New data have been Several globally threatened and near-threatened bird species compiled for some sites by Tibor Mikuska (see site-account species (Collar et al. 1994) occur in IBAs, meeting the A1 criterion. Aythya tables) but were unavailable for many existing sites and potential nyroca meets the criterion at 12 sites, with nine sites holding new IBAs. With the exception of two sites (YU008 and YU018), important numbers of breeding birds, two sites significant numbers all sites from the previous inventory are included here, whether or of passage birds and one site wintering birds. Haliaeetus albicilla not new data are available (Table 1, Map 1). Sites YU008 and breeds in important numbers at six sites and also winters in Table 1. Summary of Important Bird Areas in Croatia. 23 IBAs covering 7,546 km2 IBA 1989 code code International name National name Administrative region Area (ha) Criteria (see p. 11) 001 — Alluvial wetlands of the River Danube Poplavno podrucje rijeke Dunav Osjecko-baranjska zupanija 30,000 A1, A4i, A4iii, B1i, B2 002 YU014 Kopacki Rit Special Zoological Reserve Posebni zooloski rezervat Kopacki rit Osjecko-baranjska zupanija 7,000 A1, A4i, A4iii, B1i, B2 003 YU013 River Drava Drava od Donjie Miholjca do Osijeka Osjecko-baranjska zupanija 25,000 A1, B2 (ukljucujuci Dravske sume) 004 — Nasicka Breznica fish-ponds Ribnjaci kod Nasicke Breznice Osjecko-baranjska zupanija 1,345 A1, A4i, B1i, B2 005 — Alluvial forests from Podravska Slatina Poplavne sume hrasta luznjaka izmedju Viroviticko-podravska zupanija, 100,000 A1, B2 to Vuka Podravske Slatine i Vuke Pozesko-slavonska zupanija, Osjecko-baranjska zupanija 006 — Donji Miholjac fish-ponds Ribnjaci kod Donjeg Miholjca Osjecko-baranjska zupanija 981 A1, A4i, B1i, B2 007 — Grudnjak fish-ponds Ribnjaci Grudnjak Viroviticko-podravska zupanija 1,020 A1, B1i, B2, B3 008 YU012 Jelas field Jelas polje Brodsko-posavska zupanija 10,000 A1, A4i, A4iii, B1i, B2 009 YU010 Alluvial wetlands of the River Sava Poplavno podrucje rijeke Save Sisacko-moslavacka zupanija, 210,000 A1, A4i, B1i, B2 Brodsko-posavska zupanija, Vukovarsko-srijemska zupanija 010 YU011 Koncanica fish-ponds and surrounding area Ribnjaci Koncanica s okolicom Bjelovarsko-bilogorska zupanija 10,000 A1, B1i, B2 011 — Alluvial wetlands of the River Drava Poplavno podrucje rijeke Drave Koprivnicko-krizevacka zupanija, 50,000 A1, A4i, B1i, B2 Viroviticko-podravska zupanija, Osjecko-baranjska zupanija 137 Important Bird Areas in Europe – Croatia Table 1 ... continued. Summary of Important Bird Areas in Croatia. 23 IBAs covering 7,546 km2 IBA 1989 code code International name National name Administrative region Area (ha) Criteria (see p. 11) 012 YU009 Turopolje Turopolje Sisacko-moslavacka zupanija, 20,000 B2 Grad Zagreb 013 YU007 Pokupsko depression Pokupska Depresija Zagrebacka zupanija, 196,600 A1, A4i, A4iii, B1i, B2 Karlovacka zupanija 014 YU015 Special Ornithological Reserve on Krk island Posebni ornitološki rezervat na otoku Krku Primorsko-goranska zupanija 1,000 B2 015 YU017 Prvic island Otok Prvic Primorsko-goranska zupanija 7,000 B2 016 YU016 Special Ornithological Reserves on Cres island Posebni ornitološki rezervati na otoku Cresu Primorsko-goranska zupanija 1,450 B2 017 YU019 Paklenica National Park Nacionalni park Paklenica Zadarsko-kninska zupanija 3,617 B2 018 YU020 Kornati National Park and Telascica Nacionalni park Kornati i Park prirode Zadarsko-kninska zupanija, 30,200 B2 Nature Park Telascica Sibenska zupanija 019 YU022 Lake Vransko Vransko jezero Zadarsko-kninska zupanija 3,000 A4i, A4iii, B1i 020 YU021 Krka National Park Nacionalni park Krka Zadarsko-kninska zupanija, 14,200 B2 Sibenska zupanija 021 YU023 Sinjsko field Sinjsko polje Splitsko-dalmatinska zupanija 640 B2 022 YU024 Dinara mountain Dinara planina Zadarsko-kninska zupanija, 20,000 B2 Splitsko-dalmatinska zupanija 023 YU025 Delta of the Neretva river Delta rijeke Neretve Dubrovacko-neretvanska zupanija 11,500 A3, B1i Sites identified in the previous inventory of IBAs in Europe (Grimmett and Jones 1989) but no longer considered to be IBAs YU008 St Eufemia Bay, Rab; YU018 Bokanjacko blato and Ninske solane (Nin saltpan). Map 1. Location, area and criteria category of Important Bird Areas in Croatia. HUNGARY SLOVENIA 11 13 6 12 10 9 7 5 1 3 4 2 16 14 15 8 YUGOSLAVIA 17 BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA 22 19 21 18 20 ADRIATIC SEA Highest category of criteria met by IBA A (14 IBAs) B (9 IBAs) 23 Area of IBA (ha) 30,200 to 210,000 11,500 to 30,199 3,000 to 11,499 0 75 150 640 to 2,999 km several IBAs. Crex crex breeds in significant numbers in a single minutus, Nycticorax nycticorax, Ardeola ralloides, Ciconia nigra and site and Aquila clanga (wintering) meets the A1 criterion at one Ciconia ciconia. Several of these IBAs are also important for passage site. Falco naumanni occurs but does not meet criteria. There are and wintering waterbirds, five sites regularly holding more than two records of Numenius tenuirostris from 008 and 023 but these 20,000 waterbirds (meeting the A4iii criterion). remain unverified and the species is therefore not considered to Alluvial forest and wetlands are threatened by a wide variety of meet criteria. factors. Of particular importance are agricultural expansion, The majority of sites selected as IBAs are wetland-forest forestry, drainage and river canalization. Canalization prevents complexes, with extensive areas of broadleaved alluvial forest in natural flood-plain dynamics and causes the drying of forests and association with natural water-bodies and fish-ponds. These sites surrounding wetlands, as inundation no longer occurs and the hold important breeding populations of species with an water-table is lowered. In IBAs with fish-ponds, hunting is a serious unfavourable conservation status in Europe (meeting the B2/B3 threat as the ponds are often leased to foreign hunting groups. criteria), in particular herons and storks, including Ixobrychus Hunting causes both significant mortality and disturbance. 138 Important Bird Areas in Europe – Croatia ■ SITE ACCOUNTS ■ Birds Alluvial wetlands A1, A4i, A4iii, B1i, B2 001 of the River Danube Species Season Year Pop min Pop max Acc Criteria Admin region Osjecko-baranjska zupanija Ixobrychus minutus Little Bittern B — 100 — — B2 Coordinates 45°40’N 18°50’E Nycticorax nycticorax Night Heron B — 400 400 — B2 Altitude 84–89 m Area 30,000 ha Ardeola ralloides Squacco Heron B — 10 100 — B2 Ardea purpurea Purple Heron B — 10 200 — B2 Ciconia nigra Black Stork B — 30 30 — B2 ■ Site description Ciconia ciconia White Stork B — 20 50 — B2 Alluvial wetlands along the River Danube from the Croatian– Platalea leucorodia Spoonbill P — 500 10,000 — A4i, B1i Hungarian border south to the mouth of the River Drava. Area Anser fabalis Bean Goose W — 10,000 50,000 — A4i, B1i Anas platyrhynchos Mallard W — 50,000 50,000 — B1i includes alluvial Quercus forests, extensive freshwater wetlands and Aythya nyroca Ferruginous Duck B — 100 200 — A1, A4i, B1i, B2 reedbeds (Phragmites) and commercial fish-ponds. Since 1991 the area Milvus migrans Black Kite B — 50 50 — B2 has been completely occupied by military forces. Haliaeetus albicilla R — 15 20 — A1, B2 White-tailed Eagle Habitats Forest and woodland (40%; broadleaved deciduous forest; alluvial/very wet Aquila clanga Greater Spotted Eagle W — 2 5 — A1 forest), Grassland (5%; humid grassland), Wetland (50%; standing fresh water; river/ Falco cherrug Saker B — 4 5 — B2 stream; water-fringe vegetation), Artificial landscape (5%; arable land; forestry Grus grus Crane P — 50 500 — B1i plantation; other urban/industrial areas) Chlidonias hybridus Whiskered Tern B — 100 100 — B1i, B2 Land-use Agriculture (10%), Fisheries/aquaculture (5%), Forestry (40%), Hunting (80%), This is an important site for breeding herons. The site holds 20,000 or Nature conservation/research (50%), Tourism/recreation (30%) more waterbirds in winter, on a regular basis. Species of global conservation concern that do not meet IBA criteria: Aquila heliaca, ■ Birds Falco naumanni, Crex crex. Species Season Year Pop min Pop max Acc Criteria ■ Protection status Ixobrychus minutus Little Bittern B — 100 100 B B2 National Partial International Partial 1 Nycticorax nycticorax Night Heron B — 100 400 B B2 6,234 ha of IBA covered by Special Zoological Reserve (Kopacki Rit, 2,3 Ardeola ralloides Squacco Heron B — — 70 B B1i, B2 4 Anas platyrhynchos Mallard W — 20,000 20,000 — B1i 6,234 ha). IBA overlaps with Nature Park (Kopacki Rit, 17,200 ha). Aythya nyroca Ferruginous Duck B 1991 50 50 B A1, B2 IBA overlaps with Ramsar Site (Kopacki Rit, 17,770 ha). Aythya nyroca Ferruginous Duck P 1994 1,000 1,000 — A1, A4i Haliaeetus albicilla R — 15 20 A A1, B2 ■ Conservation issues White-tailed Eagle Threats Aquaculture/fisheries (U), Other (U) 1. 1980–1990. 2. 1987–1990. Threats include fisheries, eutrophication, siltation, and frog collection. 3. Large decrease. 4. 1989. The site is important for breeding herons. The site holds 20,000 or A1, B2 more waterbirds in winter, on a regular basis. Species of global River Drava 003 Admin region Osjecko-baranjska zupanija conservation concern that do not meet IBA criteria: Aquila heliaca Coordinates 45°37’N 18°25’E (passage), Falco naumanni, Crex crex (breeding).
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