Status of transboundary waters in South Eastern Europe

Characterization Report on the Basin

Dejan Komatina, Ph.D. Civ. Eng., Secretary, ISRBC General description of the basin

• The Sava River Basin as a sub-basin – Basin area: 95 720 km 2 (the second largest, after the Tisza basin) – Average flow (at the mouth): 1722 m 3/s (the largest tributary) – River length: 940 km (586 km of which were navigable before the war)

Country Share of the Share of the basin (%) territory (%) Albania 0.1 0.5 Bosnia & Herzegovina 40 76 26 45 Montenegro 7.5 52 15.4 17 11 53

Int. Workshop on ITWRM in SEE, Sarajevo, 18-20 May 2009 2 Overview (location) of the SRB

Int. Workshop on ITWRM in SEE, Sarajevo, 18-20 May 2009 3 Int. Workshop on ITWRM in SEE, Sarajevo, 18-20 May 2009 4 Values / uses / threats

Int. Workshop on ITWRM in SEE, Sarajevo, 18-20 May 2009 5 Values / uses / threats

Int. Workshop on ITWRM in SEE, Sarajevo, 18-20 May 2009 6 Values / uses / threats

Int. Workshop on ITWRM in SEE, Sarajevo, 18-20 May 2009 7 Values / uses / threats

Int. Workshop on ITWRM in SEE, Sarajevo, 18-20 May 2009 8 Values / uses / threats

Int. Workshop on ITWRM in SEE, Sarajevo, 18-20 May 2009 9 Values / uses / threats

Int. Workshop on ITWRM in SEE, Sarajevo, 18-20 May 2009 10 Land cover/land use in the SRB

Land class % Artificial surfaces 2,23 Agricultural areas 42,36 Forests and semi natural areas 54,71 Wetland 0,08 Inland water 0,63

Int. Workshop on ITWRM in SEE, Sarajevo, 18-20 May 2009 11 Main elements of climate

• Moderate climate of the northern hemisphere (noticeable cold and hot seasons)

• Three general types: – Alpine climate (SI) – Moderate continental climate (HR, BA, ME) – Moderate continental (mid-European) climate (Panonian)

• Average annual temperature: 9.5 oC

• Average annual rainfall: P=1100 mm

Int. Workshop on ITWRM in SEE, Sarajevo, 18-20 May 2009 12 Hydrographic network

Sava 97,713.2 SI, HR, BA ,RS, ME, AL 1,860.0 SI 1,849.0 SI 2,247.0 SI Sotla/ 584.3 SI, HR 1,237.0 HR /Kolpa 10,225.6 HR,SI 1,428.0 HR 2,301.5 HR, BA 1,427.1 HR, BA 4,259.0 HR Česma 3,253.0 HR Glogovica 1,302.0 HR (Trebež) 1,796.0 HR 9,828.9 BA,HR 4,252.7 BA 6,273.8 BA 1,325.7 BA 1,618.0 HR 1,504.0 BA 10,809.8 BA Lašva 958.1 BA 1,494.5 BA Spre ča 1,948.0 BA Tinja 904.0 BA 20,319.9 ME, AL, BA, RS 1,784.0 ME 2 2,006.0 ME,BA – : drainage area > 1000 km Ćehotina 1,237.0 ME,BA Pra ča 1,018.5 BA 2 5,967.7 AL, ME, RS, BA, – Lakes: surface area > 50 km 1,596.3 RS, BA Drinja ča 1,090.6 BA 6 3 2,943.1 HR, RS – Reservoirs: volume > 5*10 m Kolubara 3,638.4 RS

Int. Workshop on ITWRM in SEE, Sarajevo, 18-20 May 2009 13 Hydrology

• Hydrology Report for the Sava River Basin Analysis

Int. Workshop on ITWRM in SEE, Sarajevo, 18-20 May 2009 14 Hydrology

• Mean annual precipitation

Int. Workshop on ITWRM in SEE, Sarajevo, 18-20 May 2009 15 Hydrology

• Mean annual runoff

Int. Workshop on ITWRM in SEE, Sarajevo, 18-20 May 2009 16 Driving forces

• Settlements • Industry • Agriculture • Waste Management

Int. Workshop on ITWRM in SEE, Sarajevo, 18-20 May 2009 17 Significant anthropogenic pressures

• Organic pollution (point and diffuse sources) • Hazardous substances pollution (point and diffuse sources) • Nutrient pollution • Hydromorphological alterations – Interruption of river and habitat continuity – Disconnection of adjacent wetland/floodplains – Hydrological alterations

Int. Workshop on ITWRM in SEE, Sarajevo, 18-20 May 2009 18 Risk assessment of WBs

Sava river Sava tributaries

Risk Assesment of Sava WB (HR, RS and SI available) Risk Assesment of Sava tributaries WB (data from HR, RS and SI available)

10% 7%

At risk not at risk 26% 33% possibly at risk at risk not at risk 83% possibly at risk

41%

Int. Workshop on ITWRM in SEE, Sarajevo, 18-20 May 2009 19 Important GW bodies

• 42 important groundwater bodies have been reported

Country repatriation of transboundary GWBs (related to size/km2)

SI 29% BA 41%

RS HR 21% 9%

Int. Workshop on ITWRM in SEE, Sarajevo, 18-20 May 2009 20 Risk assessment of GWBs

Quality (chemical) status of important GWBs Quantity status of important GWBs

Risk Quality Status of GWBs Risk Quantity Status of GWBs

Yes Yes 14% 7% Possible Possible 5% 22%

No No 71% 81%

Int. Workshop on ITWRM in SEE, Sarajevo, 18-20 May 2009 21 Next steps towards the Sava RBM Plan

• Sava River Basin Analysis – Summary: – Part I: SRB overview and general characteristics  – Part II: Water quality  – Part III: Water quantity  – Part IV: Cross-cutting issues through 2009 – Preliminary identification of key WM issues  (partly)

– Certain gaps identified – Characterization Report to be further improved in the next steps of the SRBMP development

Int. Workshop on ITWRM in SEE, Sarajevo, 18-20 May 2009 22 Next steps towards the Sava RBM Plan

• Next steps: – Monitoring and environmental objectives 2009 – Draft Sava RBM Plan (incl. Programme of Measures) 2009-10 – Final Sava RBM Plan 2011 – Implementation of the Sava RBM Plan 2012

– Preparation of Water and Climate Adaptation Plan 2009-10

Int. Workshop on ITWRM in SEE, Sarajevo, 18-20 May 2009 23 Conclusions

• Much more data on the SRB already available for the Second Assessment in comparison to the First Assessment

• Assessment of TB waters in the SRB to be further improved in the next phases of the SRBMP development (existing gaps to be filled)

• Main improvements expected through 2010

• Expected climate change impacts (to be determined based on the World Bank study in 2009 and 2010) to be incorporated into the Assessment

• Further activities to be coordinated by the Sava Commission

Int. Workshop on ITWRM in SEE, Sarajevo, 18-20 May 2009 24