Results of initial characterization of the groundwater bodies in Croatian karst

Zeljka Brkic

Croatian Geological Survey Department for Hydrogeology and Engineering Geology, Zagreb, Croatia Contractor: Croatian Geological Survey, Department for Hydrogeology and Engineering Geology

Team leader: dr Zeljka Brkic

Co-authors: dr Ranko Biondic (Kupa river basin – karst area, Istria, Hrvatsko Primorje) dr Janislav Kapelj (Una river basin – karst area) dr Ante Pavicic (Lika region, northern and middle Dalmacija) dr Ivan Sliskovic (southern Dalmacija)

Other associates: dr Sanja Kapelj dr Josip Terzic dr Tamara Markovic Andrej Stroj { On 23 October 2000, the "Directive 2000/60/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council establishing a framework for the Community action in the field of water policy" or, in short, the EU Water Framework Directive (or even shorter the WFD) was finally adopted.

{ The purpose of WFD is to establish a framework for the protection of inland surface waters, transitional waters, coastal waters and groundwater (protection of aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems, reduction in pollution groundwater, protection of territorial and marine waters, sustainable water use, …)

{ WFD is one of the main documents of the European water policy today, with the main objective of achieving “good status” for all waters within a 15-year period What is the groundwater body ?

{ “groundwater body” means a distinct volume of groundwater within an aquifer or aquifers

{ Member States shall identify, within each river basin district:

z all bodies of water used for the abstraction of water intended for human consumption providing more than 10 m3 per day as an average or serving more than 50 persons, and

z those bodies of water intended for such future use. Initial Characterization – Groundwater (Annex II, 2.1 - WFD)

{ location and boundaries of groundwater bodies

{ pressures to which the groundwater bodies are liable to be subject, including z diffuse sources of pollution z point sources of pollution z abstraction z artificial recharge

{ general character of the overlying strata in the catchment area from which the groundwater body receives its recharge

{ those groundwater bodies for which there are directly dependant surface water ecosystems or terrestrial ecosystems Initial Characterization of Groundwater Bodies in Croatia

{ Approach for the initial characterization of groundwater bodies is made in the regional level z The hydrogeological map 1:300.000 z River basins defined in WMP

{ Delineation of horizontal boundaries: z Geology and hydrogeological units, z Hydraulic properties, z Groundwater flow, z Interaction of surface and ground water – karst areas

{ Upper boundary – covering aquitard is included in groundwater bodies

{ Lower boundary – temperature of 200C, mineralization of 1000 mg/l z Aquifers of termal and mineral water is not included in groundwater bodies because there is not enough data The hydrogeological general map on the scale of 1:300,000 serves as a basis for determination of locations and boundaries of groundwater bodies. the Drava river basin – 3 water district, the Sava river basin –13water districts the immediate Danube river sub-basin – 2 water district. the Adriatic drainage area –20water districts (without islands). Groundwater flow in the karst areas

{ Some ten tracing tests have been undertaken in Croatia

{ The oldest tracing tests – during 1930 GWB in the Kupa and Una river basin (karst area)

Dobra river basin – recharge area *21 GWB Cabranka spring Dobra river basin - ponors Lower flow of the Kupa river Kupa spring Lower flow of the Dobra river Lower flow of the Mreznica river

Kupica and Zeleni Vir springs Korana river basin

Mreznica river basin – recharge area

Mreznica river basin – swallow-holes (ponors) Slunjcica river basin Licka Jasenica

Plitvice – Korana area Pljesivica-Krbava area GWB in the Istria and Hrvatsko Primorje GWB in the Istria and Hrvatsko Primorje *21 GWB

Bulaz spring Dragonja river basin Rijeka - west Sv.Ivan spring Kvarner area Rijeka Butoniga

Bakar bay Right bank of the Mirna river

Left bank of the Mirna river Licanka river basin

Area between Rovinj-Novigrad Left bank of the Rasa river

Right bank of the Rasa river Recharge area

Krk island

Wells in the Pula area Cres island Area between N. Vinodolski-Karlobag GWB in the Lika region

Zone of estavelles and ponors *7 GWB

Rab island Gacka spring

Lika river basin Pag island Ricice – Lika

Ricice river basin

Area of coastal springs GWB in the Zrmanja, Krka and Cetina river basins Bokanjac – Policnik area Right bank of the Zrmanja river *33 GWB Left bank of the Zrmanja river Upper flow of Krka river Miljacka spring Simica spring

Cikola spring Biba spring Left bank of the Cetina river Right bank of the Cetina river Kakma spring

Roski slap and Kalnicki Kuk Studenci spring Torak and Jaruga springs

Pantan spring

Jadro and Zrnovnica springs GWB in the Neretva Dubac submarine spring river basin and Dubrovnik area

Opacac spring and north side of Imotsko polje *23 GWB Vrgorska banja

Butina spring and north side of Jezera

Klokun and Modro Oko springs

Klokun – Drasnice bay Prud spring

Neretva valley Left bank of the Neretva river Zaton - Bistrina

Doli – Slano bay

Palata spring Ombla spring Duboka Ljuta spring

Konaovska Ljuta spring Konaovska river Type of aquifers in the groundwater bodies Groundwater bodies at risk

The groundwater bodies at risk in Croatia was preliminarily determined on the basis of the general character of the aquifers and the overlying deposits, the pressures to which groundwater body are liable to be subject and the existing groundwater quality data. Next steps?

{ grouping groundwater bodies together within 4 river basins,

{ collecting detailed informations on the locations, type and magnitude of the significant anthropogenic pressures,

{ further characterisation of groundwater bodies at risk and

{ establishing monitoring network for groundwater quantity and quality with the requirements of the WFD Example of grouping GWB in the Kupa river basin

IV?

II. III. I. Thank you for your attention !!!