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TAXON:Cerastium Fontanum SCORE:11.5 RATING TAXON: Cerastium fontanum SCORE: 11.5 RATING: High Risk Taxon: Cerastium fontanum Family: Caryophyllaceae Common Name(s): common mouse-ear Synonym(s): Cerastium caespitosum Gilib. ex Asch. common mouse-ear chickweed Cerastium fontanum subsp. triviale (Spenn.) Jalas mouse-ear chickweed Cerastium holosteoides Fr. Cerastium triviale Link Cerastium vulgare Hartm. Assessor: Chuck Chimera Status: Assessor Approved End Date: 6 Nov 2015 WRA Score: 11.5 Designation: H(HPWRA) Rating: High Risk Keywords: Herbaceous Weed, Temperate, Widely Naturalized, Mat-Forming, Wind-Dispersed Qsn # Question Answer Option Answer 101 Is the species highly domesticated? y=-3, n=0 n 102 Has the species become naturalized where grown? 103 Does the species have weedy races? Species suited to tropical or subtropical climate(s) - If 201 island is primarily wet habitat, then substitute "wet (0-low; 1-intermediate; 2-high) (See Appendix 2) Low tropical" for "tropical or subtropical" 202 Quality of climate match data (0-low; 1-intermediate; 2-high) (See Appendix 2) High 203 Broad climate suitability (environmental versatility) y=1, n=0 y Native or naturalized in regions with tropical or 204 y=1, n=0 y subtropical climates Does the species have a history of repeated introductions 205 y=-2, ?=-1, n=0 y outside its natural range? 301 Naturalized beyond native range y = 1*multiplier (see Appendix 2), n= question 205 y 302 Garden/amenity/disturbance weed n=0, y = 1*multiplier (see Appendix 2) y 303 Agricultural/forestry/horticultural weed 304 Environmental weed 305 Congeneric weed n=0, y = 1*multiplier (see Appendix 2) y 401 Produces spines, thorns or burrs y=1, n=0 n 402 Allelopathic y=1, n=0 n 403 Parasitic y=1, n=0 n 404 Unpalatable to grazing animals y=1, n=-1 n 405 Toxic to animals y=1, n=0 n 406 Host for recognized pests and pathogens 407 Causes allergies or is otherwise toxic to humans y=1, n=0 n Creation Date: 6 Nov 2015 (Cerastium fontanum) Page 1 of 15 TAXON: Cerastium fontanum SCORE: 11.5 RATING: High Risk Qsn # Question Answer Option Answer 408 Creates a fire hazard in natural ecosystems y=1, n=0 n 409 Is a shade tolerant plant at some stage of its life cycle Tolerates a wide range of soil conditions (or limestone 410 y=1, n=0 y conditions if not a volcanic island) 411 Climbing or smothering growth habit y=1, n=0 n 412 Forms dense thickets y=1, n=0 n 501 Aquatic y=5, n=0 n 502 Grass y=1, n=0 n 503 Nitrogen fixing woody plant y=1, n=0 n Geophyte (herbaceous with underground storage organs 504 y=1, n=0 n -- bulbs, corms, or tubers) Evidence of substantial reproductive failure in native 601 y=1, n=0 n habitat 602 Produces viable seed y=1, n=-1 y 603 Hybridizes naturally y=1, n=-1 y 604 Self-compatible or apomictic y=1, n=-1 y 605 Requires specialist pollinators y=-1, n=0 n 606 Reproduction by vegetative fragmentation y=1, n=-1 y 607 Minimum generative time (years) 1 year = 1, 2 or 3 years = 0, 4+ years = -1 1 Propagules likely to be dispersed unintentionally (plants 701 growing in heavily trafficked areas) 702 Propagules dispersed intentionally by people y=1, n=-1 n 703 Propagules likely to disperse as a produce contaminant y=1, n=-1 y 704 Propagules adapted to wind dispersal y=1, n=-1 y 705 Propagules water dispersed 706 Propagules bird dispersed 707 Propagules dispersed by other animals (externally) y=1, n=-1 y 708 Propagules survive passage through the gut y=1, n=-1 y 801 Prolific seed production (>1000/m2) y=1, n=-1 y Evidence that a persistent propagule bank is formed (>1 802 y=1, n=-1 y yr) 803 Well controlled by herbicides y=-1, n=1 y 804 Tolerates, or benefits from, mutilation, cultivation, or fire y=1, n=-1 n Effective natural enemies present locally (e.g. introduced 805 biocontrol agents) Creation Date: 6 Nov 2015 (Cerastium fontanum) Page 2 of 15 TAXON: Cerastium fontanum SCORE: 11.5 RATING: High Risk Supporting Data: Qsn # Question Answer 101 Is the species highly domesticated? n Source(s) Notes Grime, J.P., Hodgson, J.G. & Hunt, R. (2014). Comparative Plant Ecology: A Functional Approach to Common British No evidence of domestication Species. Springer, Dordrecht, Netherlands 102 Has the species become naturalized where grown? Source(s) Notes WRA Specialist. 2015. Personal Communication NA 103 Does the species have weedy races? Source(s) Notes WRA Specialist. 2015. Personal Communication NA Species suited to tropical or subtropical climate(s) - If 201 island is primarily wet habitat, then substitute "wet Low tropical" for "tropical or subtropical" Source(s) Notes "Native: AFRICA Macaronesia: Portugal - Madeira Islands; Spain - Canary Islands Northern Africa: Algeria; Morocco ASIA-TEMPERATE Western Asia: Turkey Siberia: Russian Federation - Eastern Siberia, Western Siberia USDA, ARS, National Genetic Resources Program. 2015. EUROPE Germplasm Resources Information Network - (GRIN) Northern Europe: Denmark; Finland; Iceland; Ireland; Norway; [Online Database]. National Germplasm Resources Sweden; United Kingdom Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. URL: http://www.ars- Middle Europe: Austria; Belgium; Czech Republic; Germany; grin.gov/. [Accessed 4 Nov 2015] Hungary; Netherlands; Poland; Slovakia; Switzerland East Europe: Belarus; Estonia; Latvia; Lithuania; Moldova; Russian Federation - European part; Ukraine [incl. Krym] Southeastern Europe: Albania; Bosnia and Herzegovina; Bulgaria; Croatia; Greece; Italy [incl. Sardinia, Sicily]; Macedonia; Montenegro; Romania; Serbia; Slovenia Southwestern Europe: France [incl. Corsica]; Portugal; Spain [incl. Baleares]" Creation Date: 6 Nov 2015 (Cerastium fontanum) Page 3 of 15 TAXON: Cerastium fontanum SCORE: 11.5 RATING: High Risk Qsn # Question Answer 202 Quality of climate match data High Source(s) Notes USDA, ARS, National Genetic Resources Program. 2015. Germplasm Resources Information Network - (GRIN) [Online Database]. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. URL: http://www.ars- grin.gov/. [Accessed 4 Nov 2015] 203 Broad climate suitability (environmental versatility) y Source(s) Notes Wagner, W.L., Herbst, D.R.& Sohmer, S.H. 1999. Manual of [Broad elevation range, demonstrates environmental versatility] the flowering plants of Hawaii. Revised edition. University "Native to Eurasia, widely naturalized; in Hawai'i naturalized in of Hawai͚i Press and Bishop Museum Press, Honolulu, HI. usually wet to sometimes dry, disturbed habitats, 0-3,900 m," Native or naturalized in regions with tropical or 204 y subtropical climates Source(s) Notes "Native to Eurasia, widely naturalized; in Hawai'i naturalized in Wagner, W.L., Herbst, D.R.& Sohmer, S.H. 1999. Manual of usually wet to sometimes dry, disturbed habitats, 0-3,900 m, on all the flowering plants of Hawaii. Revised edition. University of the main islands except Ni'ihau and Kaho'olawe. Naturalized on of Hawai͚i Press and Bishop Museum Press, Honolulu, HI. Maui prior to 1871 (Hillebrand, 1888).-" Does the species have a history of repeated 205 y introductions outside its natural range? Source(s) Notes Wagner, W.L., Herbst, D.R.& Sohmer, S.H. 1999. Manual of the flowering plants of Hawaii. Revised edition. University "Native to Eurasia, widely naturalized" of Hawai͚i Press and Bishop Museum Press, Honolulu, HI. 301 Naturalized beyond native range y Source(s) Notes Medeiros, A.C., Loope, L.L. & Chimera, C.G. 1998. "Crater; west Kaupo Gap; Klpahulu Valley; Manawainui; NE rift; West Flowering Plants and Gymnosperms of Haleakala National slope. Matted, short-lived perennial herb with hirsute stems and Park. Technical Report 120. Pacific Cooperative Studies leaves" Unit, Honolulu, HI Wagner, W.L., Herbst, D.R.& Sohmer, S.H. 1999. Manual of "in Hawai'i naturalized in usually wet to sometimes dry, disturbed the flowering plants of Hawaii. Revised edition. University habitats, 0-3,900 m, on all of the main islands except Ni'ihau and of Hawai͚i Press and Bishop Museum Press, Honolulu, HI. Kaho'olawe. Naturalized on Maui prior to 1871 (Hillebrand, 1888).-" USDA, ARS, National Genetic Resources Program. 2015. "Naturalized: Germplasm Resources Information Network - (GRIN) AFRICA [Online Database]. National Germplasm Resources Macaronesia: Portugal - Azores Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. URL: http://www.ars- naturalized throughout temperate regions " grin.gov/. [Accessed 4 Nov 2015] 302 Garden/amenity/disturbance weed y Creation Date: 6 Nov 2015 (Cerastium fontanum) Page 4 of 15 TAXON: Cerastium fontanum SCORE: 11.5 RATING: High Risk Qsn # Question Answer Source(s) Notes Flora of North America Editorial Committee. (2005). Flora of North America: north of Mexico. Magnoliophyta: "A common weed in grassy places: lawns, roadsides, pastures, open Caryophyllidae. Caryophyllales. Volume 5, Part 2. Oxford woodlands, wastelands; 0-3000 m; introduced" University Press, Oxford, UK [Cerastium fontanum cited in a number of references as naturalized and/or a weed] "1262-E, 1259-E, 1229-N, 1215-N, 1209- A, 1203-W, Randall, R.P. 2012. A Global Compendium of Weeds. 2nd 1193-A, 1185-A, 1122-vG, 1081-EI, 1007-N, 983-I, 945-N, 819-N, 788- Edition. Department of Agriculture and Food, Western W, 765-N, 756-UC, 725-NI, 636-N, 505-E, 425-NW, 403-W, 396-N, 322 Australia -A, 280-N, 272-W, 243-A, 207-AW, 195-E, 176-N, 165-W, 151-E, 101- N, 94-A, 85- N, 72-E, 70-W" 303 Agricultural/forestry/horticultural weed Source(s) Notes Randall, R.P. 2012. A Global Compendium of Weeds. 2nd Edition. Department of Agriculture and Food, Western Cited as a weed of agriculture. Impacts unknown Australia 304 Environmental weed Source(s) Notes Medeiros, A.C., Loope, L.L. & Chimera, C.G. 1998. "Crater; west Kaupo Gap; Klpahulu Valley; Manawainui; NE rift; West Flowering Plants and Gymnosperms of Haleakala National slope." [Not identified as a significant weed of Haleakala National Park. Technical Report 120.
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