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Literaturverzeichnis Abaimov, A.P., 2010: Geographical Distribution and Ackerly, D.D., 2009: Evolution, origin and age of Genetics of Siberian Larch Species. In Osawa, A., line ages in the Californian and Mediterranean flo- Zyryanova, O.A., Matsuura, Y., Kajimoto, T. & ras. Journal of Biogeography 36, 1221–1233. Wein, R.W. (eds.), Permafrost Ecosystems. Sibe- Acocks, J.P.H., 1988: Veld Types of South Africa. 3rd rian Larch Forests. Ecological Studies 209, 41–58. Edition. Botanical Research Institute, Pretoria, Abbadie, L., Gignoux, J., Le Roux, X. & Lepage, M. 146 pp. (eds.), 2006: Lamto. Structure, Functioning, and Adam, P., 1990: Saltmarsh Ecology. Cambridge Uni- Dynamics of a Savanna Ecosystem. Ecological Stu- versity Press. Cambridge, 461 pp. dies 179, 415 pp. Adam, P., 1994: Australian Rainforests. Oxford Bio- Abbott, R.J. & Brochmann, C., 2003: History and geography Series No. 6 (Oxford University Press), evolution of the arctic flora: in the footsteps of Eric 308 pp. Hultén. Molecular Ecology 12, 299–313. Adam, P., 1994: Saltmarsh and mangrove. In Groves, Abbott, R.J. & Comes, H.P., 2004: Evolution in the R.H. (ed.), Australian Vegetation. 2nd Edition. Arctic: a phylogeographic analysis of the circu- Cambridge University Press, Melbourne, pp. marctic plant Saxifraga oppositifolia (Purple Saxi- 395–435. frage). New Phytologist 161, 211–224. Adame, M.F., Neil, D., Wright, S.F. & Lovelock, C.E., Abbott, R.J., Chapman, H.M., Crawford, R.M.M. & 2010: Sedimentation within and among mangrove Forbes, D.G., 1995: Molecular diversity and deri- forests along a gradient of geomorphological set- vations of populations of Silene acaulis and Saxi- tings. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science 86, fraga oppositifolia from the high Arctic and more 21–30. southerly latitudes. Molecular Ecology 4, 199–207. Adler, B.P., Seabloom, E.W., Borer, E.T., Hillebrand, Abbott, R.J., Smith, L.C., Milne, R.I., Crawford, H., Hautier, Y., Hector, A. et al., 2011: Productivity R.M.M., Wolff, K. & Balfour, J., 2000: Molecular is a poor predictor of plant species richness. analysis of plant migration and refugia in the Arc- Science 333, 1750–1753. tic. Science 289, 1343–1346. Aeschimann, D., Lauber, K., Moser, D.M. & Theuril- Abe, M., Miguchi, H., Honda, A., Makita, A. & Na- lat, J.-P., 2004: Flora Alpina. 3 Bände. Haupt Ver- kashizuka, T., 2005: Short-term changes affecting lag, Bern. regeneration of Fagus crenata after the simultane- Agakhanjanz, O. & Breckle, S.-W., 1995: Origin and ous death of Sasa kurilensis. Journal of Vegetation Evolution of the Mountain Flora in Middle Asia Science 16, 49–56. and Neighbouring Mountain Regions. In Chapin Abrol, I.P., Vadav, J.S.P. & Massoud, F.I., 1988: Salt- III, F.S. & Körner, C. (eds.), Arctic and Alpine Bio- Affected Soils and their Management. FAO Soils diversity. Ecological Studies 113, 63–80. Bulletin 39, http://www.fao.org/docrep/x5871e/ Agakhanjanz, O. & Breckle, S.-W., 2002: Plant Diver- x5871e00.htm#Contents, Abruf 2013. sity and Endemism in High Mountains of Central Achard, F., Eva, H., Glinni, A., Mayaux, P., Richards, Asia, the Caucasus and Siberia. In Körner, C. & T. & Stibig, H. J., 1998: Identification of deforesta- Spehn, E.M. (eds.), Mountain Biodiversity. A Glo- tion hot spot areas in the humid tropics. TREES bal Assessment. The Parthenon Publishing Group, Publications Series B, No.4, EUR 18079. Luxem- Boca Raton, pp. 117–127. bourg: European Commission, 102 pp. Agakhanjanz, O.E. & Breckle, S.-W., 2004: Pamir. In Burga, C.A., Klötzli, F. & Grabherr, G. (Hrsg.), 544 Literaturverzeichnis Gebirge der Erde. Landschaft, Klima, Pflanzen- Alpers, C.N. & Brimhall, G.H., 1988: Middle Mio- welt. Verlag Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart, S. 151–157. cene climatic change in the Atacama Desert, nor- Ahmed, S., Compton, S.G., Butlin, R.K. & Gilmartin, thern Chile: Evidence from supergene mineraliza- P.M., 2009: Wind-borne insects mediate directio- tion at La Escondida. Geology 100, 1640–1656. nal pollen transfer between desert fig trees 160 km Amezketa, E., 2006: An integrated methodology for apart. Proceedings of the National Academy of assessing soil salinisation, a precondition for land Science of the United States of Ame-rica 106, desertification. Journal of Arid Environments 67, 20342–20347. 594–606. Ahti, T., Hämet-Ahti, L. & Jalas, J., 1968: Vegetation An, S., Li, H., Guan, B., Zhou, C., Wang, Z., Deng, Z., zones and their sections in northwestern Europe. Zhi, Y., Liu, Y., Xu, C., Fang, S., Jiang, J. & Li, H., Annales Botanici Fennici 5, 169–211. 2007: China’s Natural Wetlands: Past Problems, Aleksandrova, V. D. 1980: The Arctic and Antarctic: Current Status, and Future Challenges. Ambio 36, Their Division into Geobotanical Areas. Cam- 335–342. bridge University Press, Cambridge, 243 pp. Anagnostakis, S.L., 1987: Chestnut blight: the classi- Alho, C.J.R., 2008: Biodiversity of the Pantanal: res- cal problem of an introduced pathogen. Mycologia ponse to seasonal flooding regime and to environ- 79, 1: 23–27. mental degradation. Brazilian Journal of Bio -logy Anderson, A.N., Cook, G.D. & Williams, R.J. (eds.), 68, 957–966. 2003: Fire in Tropical Savannas. The Kapalga Allan, G.E. & Southgate, R.I., 2002: Fire regimes in Experiment. Ecological Studies169, 195 pp. the spinifex landscapes of Australia. In Bradstock, Anderson, F.A. (ed.), 2005: Coniferous Forests. Eco- R.A., Williams, J.E. & Gill, A.M. (eds.), Flammable systems of the World 6, 646 pp. Australia. The Fire Regimes and Biodiversity of a Anderson, J.A.R., 1963: The flora of peatswamp Continent. Cambridge University Press, Cam- forests of Sarawak and Brunei. Gardens Bulletin bridge, pp. 145–176. Singapore 20, 131–228. Allaway, W.G., Curran, M., Hollington, L.M., Anderson, L.L., Hu, F.S., Nelson, D.M., Petit, R.J. & Ricketts, M.C. & Skelton, N.J., 2001: Gas space and Paige, K.N., 2006: Ice-age endurance: DNA evi- oxygen exchange in roots of Avicennia marina dence of a white spruce refugium in Alaska. Pro- (Forssk.) Vierh. var. australasica (Walp.) Mol - ceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, denke ex. N.C.Duke, the grey mangrove. Wetlands USA 103, 12447–12450. Ecology and Management 9, 211–218. Anderson, R.C., 2006: Evolution and origin of the Allen, G.A., Marr, K.L., McCormick, L.J. & Hebda, Central Grassland of North America: climate, fire, R.J., 2012: The impact of Pleistocene climate and mammalian grazers. Journal of the Torrey change on an ancient arctic-alpine plant: multiple Botanical Society 133, 626–647. lineages of disparate history in Oxyria digyna. Andrade Lima, D., 1981: The caatinga dominium. Ecology and Evolution 2, 649–665. Revista Brasileira de Botânica 4, 149–163. Allen, M.S. & Palmer, M.W., 2011: Fire history of a Aoki, M., Yabuki, K. & Koyama, H., 1975: Microme- prairie/forest boundary: more than 250 years of teorology and Assessment of Primary Production frequent fire in an North American tallgrass prai- of a Tropical Rain Forest in West Malaysia. Journal rie. Journal of Vegetation Science 22, 436–444. of Agricultural Meteorology 31, 115–124. Allen-Diaz, B., Standiford, R. & Jackson, R.D., 2007: Archibold, O.W., 1995: Ecology of World Vegetation. Oak Woodlands and Forests. In Barbour, M.G., Chapman & Hall, London, 510 pp. Keeler-Wolf, T. & Schoenherr, A.A. (eds.), Terres- Arianoutsou, M. & Groves, R.H. (eds.), 1994: Plant- trial Vegetation of California. University of Cali- animal interactions in Mediterranean-type eco- fornia Press, Berkeley, pp. 313–338. systems. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, Almeida, L., Cleef, A.M., Herrera, A., Velasques, A. & 182 pp. Luna, I., 1994: El zacatonal alpino del Volcán Armesto, J.J., Arroyo, M.T.K. & Hinojosa, L.F., 2007: Popocatépetl, Mexico, y su posición en las monta- The Mediterranean Environment of Central Chile. ñas tropicales de América. Phytocoenologia 22, In Veblen, T.T., Young, K.R. & Orme, A.R. (eds.), 391-436. The Physical Geography of South America. Alongi, D.M., 2009: The Energetics of Mangrove Oxford University Press, New York, pp. 184–199. Forests. Springer Science+Business Media B.V., Arnborg, T., 1990: Forest types of northern Sweden. New York, 216 pp. Vegetatio 90, 1–13. Literaturverzeichnis 545 Arnold, A., 1997: Allgemeine Agrargeographie. Verlagsbuchhandlung (Nägele u. Obermiller), Klett-Perthes, Gotha und Stuttgart, 247 S. Stuttgart, 77–129. Aronson, J., 1992. Evolutionary biology of Acacia Avise, J.C., Arnold, J., Ball, R.M., Bermingham, E., caven (Leguminosae, Mimosoideae). Intraspecific Lamb, T., Neigl, J.E., Reeb, C.A. & Saunders, N.C., variation in fruits and seeds. Annals of the Mis- 1987: Intraspecific phylogeography: The mit- souri Botanical Garden 79, 958–968. ochondrial DNA bridge between population gene- Arroyo, M.T.K., Zedler, P.H. & Fox, M.D. (eds.), 1995: tics and systematics. Annual Review of Ecology Ecology and Biogeography of Mediterranean Eco- and Systematics 18, 489–522. systems in Chile, California, and Australia. Ecolo- Axelrod, D.I., 1973: History of the Mediterranean gical Studies 108, 455 pp. Ecosystem in California. In Di Castri, F. & Moo- Arroyo, M.T.K., Cavieres, L., Marticorena, C. & ney, H.A. (eds.), Mediterranean Type Ecosystems. Muñoz-Schick, M., 1995: Convergence in the Origin and Structure. Ecological Studies 7, Mediterranean Floras in Central Chile and Cali- 225–277. fornia: Insights from Comparative Biogeography. Axelrod, D.I., 1975: Evolution and biogeography of In Arroyo, M.T.K., Zedler, P.H. & Fox, M.D. (eds.), Madrean-Thetyan sclerophyll vegetation. Annals Ecology and Biogeography of Mediterranean Eco- of the Missouri Botanical Garden 62, 280–334. systems in Chile, California, and Australia. Ecolo- Axelrod, D.I., 1985: Rise of the grassland biome, cen- gical Studies 108, 43–88. tral North America. Botanical Review 51, Arroyo, M.T.K., Riveros, M., Peñalosa, A., Cavieres, 163–201. L. & Faggi, A.M., 1996: Phytogeographic relations- Axelrod, D.I., Arroyo, M.T.K. & Raven, P.H., 1991: hips and regional richness patterns of the cool Historical development of the temperate vegeta- temperate rainforest flora of southern South Ame- tion in the Americas.
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  • Poaceae: Pooideae) Based on Plastid and Nuclear DNA Sequences

    Poaceae: Pooideae) Based on Plastid and Nuclear DNA Sequences

    d i v e r s i t y , p h y l o g e n y , a n d e v o l u t i o n i n t h e monocotyledons e d i t e d b y s e b e r g , p e t e r s e n , b a r f o d & d a v i s a a r h u s u n i v e r s i t y p r e s s , d e n m a r k , 2 0 1 0 Phylogenetics of Stipeae (Poaceae: Pooideae) Based on Plastid and Nuclear DNA Sequences Konstantin Romaschenko,1 Paul M. Peterson,2 Robert J. Soreng,2 Núria Garcia-Jacas,3 and Alfonso Susanna3 1M. G. Kholodny Institute of Botany, Tereshchenkovska 2, 01601 Kiev, Ukraine 2Smithsonian Institution, Department of Botany MRC-166, National Museum of Natural History, P.O. Box 37012, Washington, District of Columbia 20013-7012 USA. 3Laboratory of Molecular Systematics, Botanic Institute of Barcelona (CSIC-ICUB), Pg. del Migdia, s.n., E08038 Barcelona, Spain Author for correspondence ([email protected]) Abstract—The Stipeae tribe is a group of 400−600 grass species of worldwide distribution that are currently placed in 21 genera. The ‘needlegrasses’ are char- acterized by having single-flowered spikelets and stout, terminally-awned lem- mas. We conducted a molecular phylogenetic study of the Stipeae (including all genera except Anemanthele) using a total of 94 species (nine species were used as outgroups) based on five plastid DNA regions (trnK-5’matK, matK, trnHGUG-psbA, trnL5’-trnF, and ndhF) and a single nuclear DNA region (ITS).