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Agreements Between Peru's National Police

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Agreements Between Peru's National Police Executive Summary Report: Agreements between the National Police and the extractive companies in Peru. Analysis of the relationships that allow human rights violations and that break the principles of a Democratic Constitutional State. © EarthRights International Avenida Reducto 1354, Miraflores Lima, Perú © Instituto de Defensa Legal Avenida Felipe Pardo y Aliaga 272, San Isidro Lima, Perú © Coordinadora Nacional de Derechos Humanos Jirón José Pezet y Monel 2467, Lince Lima, Perú Coordination: Juliana Bravo Valencia, Juan Carlos Ruiz Molleda and Ana María Vidal Carrasco Research team: Juliana Bravo Valencia, Katherine Paucar Quispe, Sara Mejía Muñoz and Miguel Barboza López from EarthRights Internacional; and Juan Carlos Ruiz Molleda, Álvaro Másquez Salvador and Maritza Quispe Mamani from the Instituto de Defensa Legal. Research assistants: Nathalie Alegre Velarde and Avery Kelly from EarthRights Internacional Design and layout: EarthRights International Photos: EarthRights International, Jorge J. Chávez, CNDDHH Cover: José Carlos Plaza Lima, Perú March 2019 ORGANIZACIONES RESPONSABLES Este trabajo ha sido realizado de manera conjunta entre las siguientes organizaciones: Coordinadora Nacional EarthRights Instituto de Defensa de Derechos Humanos Internacional (ERI) Legal (IDL) (CNDDHH) ERI es una organización no IDL es una institución de la La Coordinadora Nacional de gubernamental sin fines de sociedad civil peruana que tiene Derechos Humanos es una lucro que combina el poder de como fin la promoción y defensa plataforma conformada por 82 la ley y los pueblos en defensa de los derechos humanos, la organizaciones que promueven y de los derechos humanos y el democracia y la paz en el país protegen los derechos humanos medioambiente, definidos como y América Latina. Hacemos el en el Perú y el fortalecimiento de “derechos de la tierra”. Nos seguimiento de políticas públicas la democracia, con actividades de especializamos en la investigación desde las perspectivas de derechos incidencia nacional e internacional, de hechos y acciones legales contra humanos, género, interculturalidad, litigio estratégico nacional e quienes violan estos derechos, transparencia en la gestión pública, internacional. Nuestra agenda de capacitamos a líderes indígenas gobernabilidad y buen gobierno. trabajo cubre desde acceso a la y promovemos campañas de En el campo de pueblos indígenas justicia en el conflicto armado y incidencia pública. Mediante estas y ambiente, nuestro trabajo por conflictos eco-territoriales, estrategias ERI busca promover y incluye el acompañamiento de derechos de las mujeres, de proteger los derechos humanos organizaciones para la defensa la comunidad LGTBIQ y de las y el medio ambiente, terminar de sus derechos individuales y personas con discapacidad. con el abuso a los derechos de colectivos, mediante el litigio Adicionalmente, uno de nuestros la tierra y aportar soluciones estratégico, la propuesta de principales ejes de acción es la reales para personas reales en las reformas en políticas públicas y la defensa de los derechos de los comunidades donde trabajamos. investigación. Buscamos, mediante pueblos indígenas, trabajo que Tenemos 25 años de experiencia soluciones concretas, reducir las se realiza con el apoyo técnico defendiendo los derechos de brechas de desigualdad. del Grupo de trabajo de Pueblos la tierra en el Sudeste Asiático, Indígenas (conformado por más Norteamérica y la Amazonía. de 15 organizaciones) y con las organizaciones que trabajan y acompañan procesos de defensa de los derechos colectivos en las regiones. www.earthrights.org www.idl.org.pe www.derechoshumanos.pe Analysis of the agreements that allow human rights violations and disrupt the principles of a democratic constitutional State in Peru. 3 Introduction In Peru, for more than 20 years, there has been a legal This report reveals the forms and methods of the framework that empowers the Peruvian National Police contracts’ as a strategy for the State to guarantee the (henceforth PNP or the Police), to create agreements ordinary course of action for extractive activities within with extractive companies that allows the Police to the framework of its extractive policy. It also outlines the provide private security services within the facilities and system with which the State has been regulating and other areas of influence of extractive projects in return subscribing to the agreements and their content, and it for profit. represents an analysis of how this strategy constitutes a human rights violation acknowledged in the Political EarthRights International (ERI), the Legal Defense Constitution of Peru, as well as how it contradicts several Institute (IDL, as is known in Spanish), and the Human international treaties signed by the Peruvian State. Rights National Coordinator (CNDDHH) did an extensive research regarding this topic and identified 138 existing agreements related to extraordinary police service provision1 (henceforth agreements or contracts) between the PNP and the extractive companies, between 1995 and 20182. Out of the 138, 29 are still valid to this day. 1 extraordinary police services denomination is used in current legislation about the subject. The Sixth Complementary Disposition of the General Law of the National Police of Peru (Legislative Decree Nº 1267). 2 The PNP also made agreements with other types of entities. This report focuses solely on the analysis of the agreements signed with companies from the extractive industry. 4 Agreements between the National Police and the extractive companies in Peru 1. Legislative Backgrounds The report indicates that the agreements have been the Law of the National Police of Peru in 2012 progressively regulated and acknowledged within the (Legislative Decree Nº 1148) and the subsequent Peruvian legislation as follows: in 2016 (Legislative Decree Nº1267.) • In 1994, the Private Services Security Regulation • In 2017, the Supreme Decree N° 003-2017-IN was approved through the Supreme Decree established the guidelines for the hiring of the Nº 005-94-IN, allowing for companies to hire police services in accordance with the police security services that were until then exclusive to functions that allow for the signing of the the National Police of Peru. agreements, with both extractive and natural resources transportation companies, among • In 2002, the Organic Law of the National Police of others. Peru (Law Nº 27238) regulated the agreements that officialized the existing relationship between the PNP and the extractive companies. • In 2006, the Law of the Regime’s Personnel of the National Police of Peru (Law Nº 27238) established an alteration in the Organic Law, which explicitly allowed for the provision of institutional, individual, complementary and extraordinary police services by police officers in active duty, on their official rest days and/ or during their vacation. This was validated by Analysis of the agreements that allow human rights violations and disrupt the principles of a democratic constitutional State in Peru. 5 Photo: Jorge J. Chávez. J. Jorge Photo: 2. The agreements of extraordinary police services in Peru This report details, thanks to multiple access requests the agreement is made generates uncertainty about who for information, the existence and content of 138 decides and who provides the services. agreements between extractive companies, especially Out of 138 agreements, 48 (34.78%) were signed with mining, and hydrocarbons (such as oil and natural gas), regional Directions and Police Departments, not directly between 1995 and 2018. It was found that 29 agreements with their main offices.3. are currently enforced and have an expiration date between 2019 and 2022. ii. Naming and the objectives of the agreements Characteristics of the Out of 138 agreements, 59 (42.03%) have an agreements agreement naming “to the provision of extraordinary i. The parties in the agreements and complementary services by the functioning police”. Additionally, 42 (30.43%) are identified as “specific Out of 138 agreements, 89 (64.49%) do not specify agreement of interinstitutional cooperation.” which division of the PNP is involved in the agreement. Not all agreements have established their objectives. Additionally, 45 (32.60%) agreements do not describe Some of them have only established the matter of the which unit will provide private security services to the agreements, or commitments by contracting parties. company. The lack of definition of the unit with which 3 In addition, it is important to indicate that one agreement identifies the Major Roads Protection Direction as the contracting party (Mining Oro Vega S.A, concluded on October 24, 2006). 6 Agreements between the National Police and the extractive companies in Peru EXISTING AGREEMENTS SUBSCRIPTION CONTRACTING COMPANY ECONOMIC ACTIVITY LOCATION DATE 1 Minera Antamina S.A. Mining (Polymetallic) Áncash 10/01/2017 Hydrocarbons and 2 CNPC Perú S.A. Piura 10/01/2017 natural gas Consorcio Minero Horizonte 3 Mining (Gold) La Libertad 10/06/2017 S.A. 4 Minera Yanacocha Mining (Gold) Cajamarca 10/20/2017 5 Minera Las Bambas S.A. Mining (Copper) Apurímac 10/26/2017 6 Aurífera Retamas S.A. Mining (Gold) La Libertad 10/26/2017 Doe Run Perú S.R.L. (en 7 Mining (polymetallic) Huancavelica 11/13/2017 liquidación) 8 Minera Chinalco Perú S.A. Mining (Gold) Junín 11/14/2017 Minera Barrick Misquichilca La Libertad, 9 Mining (Gold) 11/23/2017 S.A. Áncash 10 Minera Quechua S.A. Mining (Copper) Cusco 11/27/2017 11 Century Mining Perú S.A.C. Mining
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