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WOOOROW WILSON INTERNATIONAL CENTER for SCHOLARS Smif H-Iut~Iminstitti F ;On Building Washington D.C WOOOROW WILSON INTERNATIONAL CENTER FOR SCHOLARS Smif h-iut~imInstitti f ;on Building Washington D.C. WOODROW WILSON INTERNATIONAL CENTER FOR SCHOLARS Director, James H. Billington Deputy Director, George R. Packard Created by Act of Congress in 1968 as an institute for advanced study and as a "livin memorial ' to the 28th President, the Wilson Center supports serious scholarship and its interaction with the world of affairs. The Center-and The Wilson Quarterly-seek diversity of scholarly enterprise and of points of view. THE WILSON QUARTERLY Editor: Peter Braestrup Associate Editor (Essays): Philip S. Cook Associate Editor (Periodicals): Cullen Murohv Associate Editor (Books): ~oisDecker 0'~;ifl Associate Editor (Production): Anna Marie Torres Assistant Editors: Fred Howard, Stuart Rohrer Contributing Editors: Beryl Lieff Benderly, John Brown, Malcolm B. DeBevoise, Michael J. Glennon, Steven A. Grant, John E. Kocjan, Peter Kovler, Andrea MacLeod, Gustav Magrinat, Raphael Sagalyn, Dody Wilson Smith Administrative Assistant: Melanie Davis Editorial Secretary: Rita B. Miller Production Assistant: Lucy S. Gregg Research Associates: Mark Foley, David M. Friedman, Bruce Jenks, Craig Lingel, Kathleen O'Pella, Jane Spivak Librarian: Zdenek David Art Director: Elizabeth Dixon Business Manager: William M. Dunn Circulation Coordinator: Michael W. Frenkel Editorial Advisers: Prosser Gifford, Abraham Lowenthal, Richard Seamon, S. Frederick Starr, Samuel F. Wells, Jr. Published in January, April, July, and'October by the Woodrow Wilson Interna- tional Center for Scholars, Smithsonian Institution Building, Washington, D.C. 20560. Copyright 0 1978 by the Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars. THE WILSON QUARTERLY is a registered trademark. Subscriptions: one year, 572; two years, S2I; three years, $30. Foreign subscriptions: one year, 814; two years, $25; three years, $36. Foreign subscriptions airmail: one ear, $24; two years, $45; three years, $66. Lifetimesubscription (domesticonly): $150. Single copies and back issues mailed upon request: $4; outside U.S. and pos- sessions, $6.50. Second-class postage aid at Washington, D.C., and additional mailingoffices.~ditorialoffices: Smithsonianlnstitution Building, Washington, D.C. 20560. All unsolicited manuscripts should be accompanied by a self- addressed stam ed envelope. Send changes of address and all subscription corre- spondence to 'The Wilson Quarterly, P.O. Box 2450, Greenwich, Conn. 06830. VOL. 11 NO. 2 BOARD OF TRUSTEES William J. Baroody, Chairman Paul W. McCracken, Vice Chairman James A. Baker I11 Daniel J. Boorstin Robert H. Bork Joseph A. Califano Joseph D. Duffe Stuart E. Eizenstat Bryce N. Harlow A. James Reichley James B. Rhoads S. Dillon Ripley Dean Rusk Cyrus R. Vance Rawleigh Warner, Jr. As one of the worlds largest industrial organizations. severe handicaps in trying to establish itself as a good we know we can retain our franchise to do business citizen The criteria are frequently hazy and subject to around the world only as long as the job we do is sharp differences of opinion among contending effective useful and important in serving peoples groups There are and probably always will be those needs And only as long as people realize this who find something sinister in the very existence of a We have to be sensitively concerned with soci- largecorporation-particularly wesuppose a largeoil ety~problems and hopes even if only in our own company self-interest because we are intricately involved in the Many people view the modern corporation as a complexities of this increasingly complex world And glorified slot machine created and operated by we learned a long time ago that the success of a glassy-eyed flint-hearted bankers lawyers and tech- company depends in part on factors that don t appear nocrats All this quite naturally plays into the hands of in the balance sheet political demagogues who realize that relatively few of We believe the United States has entered a the general public have the information necessary to period in which people will increasingly want to know make value judgments where complex issues of eco- more about a corporation than just the quality of its nomics and technology are involved products and services We believe that more and more Since many politicians concept of infinity ex- people are going to want to know something of the tends only to the next election it is probably unrealistic value patterns and basic convictionsof the individuals to expect them to behave otherwise But this com- who run a corporation the individuals who in many pounds the problems of more-responsible politicians ways set the tone for the entire company and who and of businesses that are laboring to persuade the inevitably exert an impact on society public by concrete example that they are fair consci- Which is to say that what people of a entious public-spirited and socially desirable company has a lot to do with whether or not it makes This is not to argue that all businesses-or any money or indeed even survives A company such as of them for that matter-are perfect Far from it But ours certainly cannot plead that it exists solely to sell the individuals who run businesses did not resign from goods and services and to earn a profit No such the human race when they became corporate manag- company can any longer take for granted even the ers And the individuals who devote themselves in right to be in business because that right could be such large measure to denouncing our industrial civi- withdrawn any time such action seemed desirable to lization do not thereby acquire halos We all have our enough people frailties In the words of a former chairman of Mobil No Having said that we have to add that we business is truly safe unless it serves its customers are mystified that so many of our critics can forget better than they could serve themselves persuades that we have to breathe the same air they breathe them that it isdoing so and retains their goodwill in the drink the same water they drink live in the same towns process One can t be too sure how long corporations and cities they live in enjoy the same beaches they would retain their present opportunities to operate at a enjoy and exist in the same society in which they profit if making money were their sole contribution to exist How could we possibly be oblivious to the qual- society ity of life or to the aspirations of an upwardly mobile Mobil tries to be a good employer a good sup- society^ plier a good customer a good investment and a so- We think the public is ill-served by a situation in cially conscious organization We try also to be re- which private business and its critics find themselves sponsive to the aspirations and legitimate needs of in a running battle of charge and counter-charge In minorities and others of the disadvantaged to en- our view our country needs and is entitled to a calmer vironmental problems and to a host of other con- more constructive dialogue to delineate more sharply cerns And we would not argue that this is undiluted the most productive relationship between business altruism and society That way we believe lies the best hope for Clearly however a corporation labors under the future @ I978 Mohil Corporation Drink dt~p/yfrom [lie u'cllspt i)igojhistory... u A rare opportwrity to enrich your library with one of these enduring works, at a fraction of its usual cost. 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