DOCSLIB.ORG

An Acoustic Study of Kope, Northeast Kiwai, Papua New Guinea, with Preliminary Tonal Analysis Julia Martin

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
An Acoustic Study of Kope, Northeast Kiwai, Papua New Guinea, with Preliminary Tonal Analysis Julia Martin University of North Dakota UND Scholarly Commons Theses and Dissertations Theses, Dissertations, and Senior Projects January 2016 An Acoustic Study Of Kope, Northeast Kiwai, Papua New Guinea, With Preliminary Tonal Analysis Julia Martin Follow this and additional works at: https://commons.und.edu/theses Recommended Citation Martin, Julia, "An Acoustic Study Of Kope, Northeast Kiwai, Papua New Guinea, With Preliminary Tonal Analysis" (2016). Theses and Dissertations. 2043. https://commons.und.edu/theses/2043 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Theses, Dissertations, and Senior Projects at UND Scholarly Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of UND Scholarly Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. AN ACOUSTIC STUDY OF KOPE, NORTHEAST KIWAI, PAPUA NEW GUINEA, WITH PRELIMINARY TONAL ANALYSIS by Julia Martin B.A., Moody Bible Institute, Chicago, 2005 A Thesis Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of the University of North Dakota in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts Grand Forks, North Dakota August 2016 This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/ or send a letter to Creative Commons, PO Box 1866, Mountain View, CA 94042, USA. Julia Martin 2016 ii PERMISSION Title An Acoustic Study of Kope, Northeast Kiwai, Papua New Guinea, With Preliminary Tonal Analysis Department Linguistics Degree Master of Arts In presenting this thesis in partial fulfillment of the requirements for a graduate degree from the University of North Dakota, I agree that the library of this University shall make it freely available for inspection. I further agree that permission for extensive copying for scholarly purposes may be granted by the professor who supervised my thesis work or, in his absence, by the chairperson of the department or the dean of the Graduate School. It is understood that any copying or publication or other use of this thesis or part thereof for financial gain shall not be allowed without my written permission. It is also understood that due recognition shall be given to me and to the University of North Dakota in any scholarly use which may be made of any material in my thesis. Julia Martin 25 August 2016 iv TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF FIGURES ix LIST OF TABLES xi ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS xii ABBREVIATIONS xiii ABSTRACT xiv CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1 1.1 Language Community 1 1.2 Classification 3 1.3 Linguistic Description 4 1.3.1 Phonemic inventory 4 1.3.2 Syllable structure 8 1.3.3 Orthographic convention 9 1.4 Tone 10 1.4.1 Tone in non-Austronesian languages of Papua New Guinea 10 1.4.2 Tone in the Kiwaian family 12 2 METHOD 15 2.1 Materials 15 2.2 Subject 16 v 2.3 Measurements 16 2.3.1 Measuring formants 17 2.3.2 Measuring duration 18 2.3.3 Measuring fundamental frequency 20 2.4 Statistical Analysis 21 2.5 Conventions Regarding Feature Specifications 22 3 HI VS LO TONE: FORMANT COMPARISONS 23 3.1 Distribution of Vowels. 23 3.2 First Formant 24 3.2.1 /a/ 24 3.2.2 /ɛ/ 25 3.2.3 /i/ 26 3.2.4 /o/ 26 3.2.5 /u/ 29 3.2.6 Summary: F0 and F1 30 3.3 Second Formant 31 3.3.1 Initial /a/ 31 3.3.2 Initial /o/ 32 3.4 Summary 33 4 SHORT VS LONG VOWELS: FORMANT COMPARISONS 34 vi 4.1 Individual Measurements 34 4.1.1 Method 34 4.1.2 /ɛ/ 35 4.1.3 /o/ 36 4.1.4 /u/ 36 4.1.5 Summary and discussion 37 4.2 Correlation of Length and Tone 39 4.2.1 Methodology 40 4.2.2 Results 40 5 THE INTRINSIC FREQUENCY EFFECT 42 5.1 Introduction 42 5.2 Method 43 5.3 Results 43 6 STATISTICAL ANALYSIS 45 6.1 Purpose 45 6.2 First Formant 45 6.3 Second Formant 48 6.4 Fundamental Frequency 51 6.5 Duration 54 7 TONE 57 vii 7.1 Introduction 57 7.2 Surface Tone Patterns 57 7.2.1 Two syllables in isolation 58 7.2.2 Two syllables in frames 59 7.2.3 Three syllables in isolation 62 7.2.4 Three syllables in frames 63 7.2.5 Four syllables in isolation 65 7.2.6 Four syllables in frames 66 7.3 Summary 66 Appendix A: Vowel Measurements 68 References 98 viii LIST OF FIGURES Figure Page 1. Language Region............................................................................................................. 2 2. Language Location within Region .................................................................................. 3 3. Vowel Inventory ............................................................................................................. 6 4. Short and Long Vowels ................................................................................................... 7 5. Diphthongs ...................................................................................................................... 8 6. Measuring Formants ..................................................................................................... 18 7. Vowel Boundary Determination ................................................................................... 19 8. All Vowels ..................................................................................................................... 23 9. HI vs. LO Instances of /a/ ............................................................................................. 24 10. HI vs. LO Instances of /ɛ/ ........................................................................................... 25 11. HI vs. LO Instances of /i/ ............................................................................................ 26 12. HI vs. LO Instances of /o/ ........................................................................................... 27 13. First vs. Second Utterance Tokens of /o/................................................................... 28 14. HI vs. LO Instances of /u/ ........................................................................................... 29 15. HI vs. LO Initial /a/..................................................................................................... 32 16. HI vs. LO Initial /o/..................................................................................................... 33 17. Long vs. Short Vowels ................................................................................................ 34 18. Long vs. Short /ɛ/ ....................................................................................................... 35 19. Long vs. Short /o/....................................................................................................... 36 20. Long vs. Short /u/ ...................................................................................................... 37 21. Long Vowel Effect on F2 ............................................................................................. 38 22. Relationship of HI Tone to Long Vowel Length ......................................................... 39 ix 23. HI vs. LO F1 in Initial Position. ................................................................................... 46 24. HI vs. LO F1 in Final Position ...................................................................................... 47 25. HI vs. LO F1 in medial /o/ and /u/ ............................................................................. 47 26. HI vs. LO F2 in Initial /a/ and /o/ .............................................................................. 49 27. Long and Short Initial /o/ F2 ...................................................................................... 51 28. F0 vs. Duration, LO non-Initial /ɛ/.............................................................................. 52 29. F0 vs. F1, HI non-Initial /ɛ/ ......................................................................................... 53 30. Interaction of F0, F1, and Duration ............................................................................. 54 31. Average Durations for Short and Long Vowels .......................................................... 55 32. Duration by Syllable Position for all Vowels ............................................................. 56 x LIST OF TABLES Table Page 1. Consonant Inventory....................................................................................................... 5 2. Departures from IPA ....................................................................................................... 9 3. Feature Terms and Abbreviations. ............................................................................... 22 4. F0 and Formant Comparison Results ............................................................................ 30 5. Intrinsic Frequency Comparisons ................................................................................. 43 6. Significant F1 Effects ..................................................................................................... 48 7. F2 Effects of Tone .......................................................................................................... 50 8. Surface Patterns on Two Syllables in Isolation ............................................................ 59 9. Two-Syllable Surface Patterns ...................................................................................... 61 10. Surface Patterns on Three Syllables in Isolation........................................................ 62 11. Three-Syllable Surface Patterns.................................................................................. 64 12. Surface Patterns on Four Syllables in Isolation.........................................................
Load more

Recommended publications
  • LCSH Section K
    K., Rupert (Fictitious character) Motion of K stars in line of sight Ka-đai language USE Rupert (Fictitious character : Laporte) Radial velocity of K stars USE Kadai languages K-4 PRR 1361 (Steam locomotive) — Orbits Ka’do Herdé language USE 1361 K4 (Steam locomotive) UF Galactic orbits of K stars USE Herdé language K-9 (Fictitious character) (Not Subd Geog) K stars—Galactic orbits Ka’do Pévé language UF K-Nine (Fictitious character) BT Orbits USE Pévé language K9 (Fictitious character) — Radial velocity Ka Dwo (Asian people) K 37 (Military aircraft) USE K stars—Motion in line of sight USE Kadu (Asian people) USE Junkers K 37 (Military aircraft) — Spectra Ka-Ga-Nga script (May Subd Geog) K 98 k (Rifle) K Street (Sacramento, Calif.) UF Script, Ka-Ga-Nga USE Mauser K98k rifle This heading is not valid for use as a geographic BT Inscriptions, Malayan K.A.L. Flight 007 Incident, 1983 subdivision. Ka-houk (Wash.) USE Korean Air Lines Incident, 1983 BT Streets—California USE Ozette Lake (Wash.) K.A. Lind Honorary Award K-T boundary Ka Iwi National Scenic Shoreline (Hawaii) USE Moderna museets vänners skulpturpris USE Cretaceous-Paleogene boundary UF Ka Iwi Scenic Shoreline Park (Hawaii) K.A. Linds hederspris K-T Extinction Ka Iwi Shoreline (Hawaii) USE Moderna museets vänners skulpturpris USE Cretaceous-Paleogene Extinction BT National parks and reserves—Hawaii K-ABC (Intelligence test) K-T Mass Extinction Ka Iwi Scenic Shoreline Park (Hawaii) USE Kaufman Assessment Battery for Children USE Cretaceous-Paleogene Extinction USE Ka Iwi National Scenic Shoreline (Hawaii) K-B Bridge (Palau) K-TEA (Achievement test) Ka Iwi Shoreline (Hawaii) USE Koro-Babeldaod Bridge (Palau) USE Kaufman Test of Educational Achievement USE Ka Iwi National Scenic Shoreline (Hawaii) K-BIT (Intelligence test) K-theory Ka-ju-ken-bo USE Kaufman Brief Intelligence Test [QA612.33] USE Kajukenbo K.
    [Show full text]
  • Carettochelys Insculpta) in the KIKORI REGION, PAPUA NEW GUINEA
    NESTING ECOLOGY, HARVEST AND CONSERVATION OF THE PIG-NOSED TURTLE (Carettochelys insculpta) IN THE KIKORI REGION, PAPUA NEW GUINEA by CARLA CAMILO EISEMBERG DE ALVARENGA B.Sc. (Federal University of Minas Gerais – UFMG) (2004) M.Sc. (National Institute for Amazon Research) (2006) Institute for Applied Ecology University of Canberra Australia A thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements of the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy at the University of Canberra. October 2010 Certificate of Authorship of Thesis Except where clearly acknowledged in footnotes, quotations and the bibliography, I certify that I am the sole author of the thesis submitted today, entitled Nesting ecology, harvest and conservation of the Pig-nosed turtle (Carettochelys insculpta) in the Kikori region, Papua New Guinea I further certify that to the best of my knowledge the thesis contains no material previously published or written by another person except where due reference is made in the text of the thesis. The material in the thesis has not been the basis of an award of any other degree or diploma.The thesis complies with University requirements for a thesis as set out in Gold Book Part 7: Examination of Higher Degree by Research Theses Policy, Schedule Two (S2). …………………………………………… Signature of Candidate .......................................................................... Signature of chair of the supervisory panel ………15-Mar-11…………………….. Date Copyright This thesis (© by Carla C. Eisemberg, 2010) may be freely copied or distributed for private and/or commercial use and study. However, no part of this thesis or the information herein may be included in a publication or referred to in a publication without the written consent of Carla C.
    [Show full text]
  • North Digul River Family)
    [Text version of database, created 11/11/2019]. Annotated Swadesh wordlists for the Awbono-Bayono group (North Digul River family). Languages included: Kovojab [kov]; Enamesi [ena]; Awbono [awh]. DATA SOURCES I. Kovojab. Wilbrink 2004 = Wilbrink, Ans. 2004. The Kopkaka of Papua. Provisional notes on their language, its language affiliation and on the Kopkaka culture. Master's thesis. Amsterdam: Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam. Hischier 2006 = Hischier, Phyllis. 2006. Exploration of the remote Kopayap and Urajin areas in West Papua, Indonesia: A First Contact in Kopayap and Urajin. Manuscript. II. Bayono. Wilbrink 2004 = Wilbrink, Ans. 2004. The Kopkaka of Papua. Provisional notes on their language, its language affiliation and on the Kopkaka culture. Master's thesis. Amsterdam: Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam. III. Awbono Wilbrink 2004 = Wilbrink, Ans. 2004. The Kopkaka of Papua. Provisional notes on their language, its language affiliation and on the Kopkaka culture. Master's thesis. Amsterdam: Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam. NOTES 1. General. The North Digul River family consists of the Becking and Dawi Rivers languages (see: 1 de Vries, Lourens. 2012. Some notes on the Tsaukambo language of West Papua. Language and Linguistics in Melanesia. Special Issue 2012 Part I: 165-193, and: de Vries, Lourens, Ruth Wester and Wilco van den Heuvel. 2012. The Greater Awyu language family of West Papua. Language and Linguistics in Melanesia. Special Issue 2012 Part I: 269- 312) and the Awbono-Bayono family, hitherto considered to be an isolate. A draft reconstruction of proto-North Digul River and its subgroups can be found on the Newguineaworld website under the title "North Digul River." It is part of a larger family which includes Central Digul River (a.k.a.
    [Show full text]
  • Mission: New Guinea]
    1 Bibliography 1. L. [Letter]. Annalen van onze lieve vrouw van het heilig hart. 1896; 14: 139-140. Note: [mission: New Guinea]. 2. L., M. [Letter]. Annalen van onze lieve vrouw van het heilig hart. 1891; 9: 139, 142. Note: [mission: Inawi]. 3. L., M. [Letter]. Annalen van onze lieve vrouw van het heilig hart. 1891; 9: 203. Note: [mission: Inawi]. 4. L., M. [Letter]. Annalen van onze lieve vrouw van het heilig hart. 1891; 9: 345, 348, 359-363. Note: [mission: Inawi]. 5. La Fontaine, Jean. Descent in New Guinea: An Africanist View. In: Goody, Jack, Editor. The Character of Kinship. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press; 1973: 35-51. Note: [from lit: Kuma, Bena Bena, Chimbu, Siane, Daribi]. 6. Laade, Wolfgang. Der Jahresablauf auf den Inseln der Torrestraße. Anthropos. 1971; 66: 936-938. Note: [fw: Saibai, Dauan, Boigu]. 7. Laade, Wolfgang. Ethnographic Notes on the Murray Islanders, Torres Strait. Zeitschrift für Ethnologie. 1969; 94: 33-46. Note: [fw 1963-1965 (2 1/2 mos): Mer]. 8. Laade, Wolfgang. Examples of the Language of Saibai Island, Torres Straits. Anthropos. 1970; 65: 271-277. Note: [fw 1963-1965: Saibai]. 9. Laade, Wolfgang. Further Material on Kuiam, Legendary Hero of Mabuiag, Torres Strait Islands. Ethnos. 1969; 34: 70-96. Note: [fw: Mabuiag]. 10. Laade, Wolfgang. The Islands of Torres Strait. Bulletin of the International Committee on Urgent Anthropological and Ethnological Research. 1966; 8: 111-114. Note: [fw 1963-1965: Saibai, Dauan, Boigu]. 11. Laade, Wolfgang. Namen und Gebrauch einiger Seemuscheln und -schnecken auf den Murray Islands. Tribus. 1969; 18: 111-123. Note: [fw: Murray Is].
    [Show full text]
  • Languages of the World--Indo-Pacific
    REPORT RESUMES ED 010 365 48 LANGUAGES OF THE WORLD- -INDO-PACIFIC FASCICLE FIVE. BY- VOEGELIN, FLORENCE M. INDIANA UNIV., BLOOMINGTON REPORT NUMBER NDEA- VI -63-18 PUB DATE DEC 65 CONTRACT OECSAE9468 FORS PRICE MFS0.16 HC -$4.96 124P. ANTHROPOLOGICAL LINGUISTICS, 7(9)/11141 DEC.1965 DESCRIPTORS- *INDO PACIFICLANGUAGES, *LANGUAGES,ARCHIVES OF LANGUAGES OF THE 'WORLD,BLOOMINGTON, INDIANA THE NON-AUSTRONESIANLANGUAGES CENTERIN1 IN NEWGUINEA ARE LISTED AND DESCRIBEDIN THIS REPORT. IN ADDITION, SENTENCE SAMPLERS OF THEUSARUFA AND WANTOATLANGUAGES ARE PROVIDED. (THE REPORT ISPART OF A SERIES, ED 010350 IC ED 010 367.) (JK) trt 63-/f3 U. S. DEPARTMENTOF HEALTH, 1`11 EDUCATION ANDWELFARE Office of Education c'4 This document 5/C- C: has been reproducedexactly ea received person or orgargzation from the °deluging it Pointsct view or opinions stated do net mensal*represent official CZ) pos:then or policy. Ottica at Edu Mon AnthropologicalLinguistics ti Volume 7 Number 9 December 1965 I LANGUAGES OF THE WORLD:-.. INDOPACIFIC FASCICLE FIVE A Publication of the ARCHIVES OF LANGUAGESOF THE WORLD Anthropology Department Indiana University ANTHROPOLOGICAL LINGUISTICS is designedprimarily, but not exclusively, for the immediate publication of data-oriented papers for which attestationis available in the form oftape recordings on deposit in the Archives of Languages of the World.This does not imply that contributorswill be re- stricted to scholars working in tle Archivesat Indiana University; infact, one motivation far the of ANTHROPOLOGICAL LINGUISTICS
    [Show full text]
  • The East Papuan Languages: a Preliminary Typological Appraisal
    7KH(DVW3DSXDQ/DQJXDJHV$3UHOLPLQDU\7\SRORJLFDO 0LFKDHO'XQQ*HU35HHVLQN$QJHOD7HUULOO$SSUDLVDO Oceanic Linguistics, Volume 41, Number 1, June 2002, pp. 28-62 (Article) 3XEOLVKHGE\8QLYHUVLW\RI+DZDL L3UHVV DOI: 10.1353/ol.2002.0019 For additional information about this article http://muse.jhu.edu/journals/ol/summary/v041/41.1dunn.html Access provided by Max Planck Digital Library (18 Feb 2016 13:04 GMT) The East Papuan Languages: A Preliminary Typological Appraisal Michael Dunn max planck institute for psycholinguistics, nijmegen Ger Reesink university of leiden and max planck institute for psycholinguistics, nijmegen Angela Terrill australia national university This paper examines the Papuan languages of Island Melanesia, with a view to considering their typological similarities and differences. The East Papuan lan- guages are thought to be the descendants of the languages spoken by the original inhabitants of Island Melanesia, who arrived in the area up to 50,000 years ago. The Oceanic Austronesian languages are thought to have come into the area with the Lapita peoples 3,500 years ago. With this historical backdrop in view, our paper seeks to investigate the linguistic relationships between the scattered Papuan lan- guages of Island Melanesia. To do this, we survey various structural features, including syntactic patterns such as constituent order in clauses and noun phrases and other features of clause structure, paradigmatic structures of pronouns, and the structure of verbal morphology. In particular, we seek to discern similarities between the languages that might call for closer investigation, with a view to estab- lishing genetic relatedness between some or all of the languages. In addition, in examining structural relationships between languages, we aim to discover whether it is possible to distinguish between original Papuan elements and diffused Austro- nesian elements of these languages.
    [Show full text]
  • Matukar-Panau: a Case Study in Language Revitalization*
    Matukar-Panau: A case study in language revitalization* Theresa Sepulveda Senior Linguistics Thesis Swarthmore College 2010 …we must do some serious rethinking of our priorities, lest linguistics go down in history as the only science that presided obliviously over the disappearance of 90% of the very field to which it is dedicated. -Michael Krauss (1992), ―The world‘s languages in crisis‖ in Language 68 (1):10 Abstract This case study in language revitalization focuses on the Oceanic language of Matukar-Panau from Papua New Guinea. Recent work on a talking dictionary of Matukar in Swarthmore College‘s Laboratory for Endangered Languages Research and Documentation as well as the development of an orthography and first book in Matukar will be evaluated in terms of the viability of Matukar in the 21st century. I will first present the sociolinguistic background of Matukar in order to examine the extent and cause of Matukar‘s endangerment. Categories will include the history, geography, government recognition of, and demography of, Matukar and Matukar villagers (Tsunoda 2005). An emphasis will be placed on the reaction of the ethnic group of Matukar villagers to the growing dominance of Tok Pisin and the corresponding language shift (Dorian 1981). Next, I will examine the language endangerment phenomenon and define language death. In order to classify Matukar on a scale of language endangerment, I will describe Michael Krauss‘s (2007) and Joshua Fishman‘s (1991) classification systems of language vitality. I will then present Matukar‘s ratings based on UNESCO‘s document on language vitality and endangerment (2003). These systems provide a quantitative way to identify the characteristics of a dying language in areas such as age of speaker population, domains of language use, and availability of written material.
    [Show full text]
  • Library of Congress Subject Headings for the Pacific Islands
    Library of Congress Subject Headings for the Pacific Islands First compiled by Nancy Sack and Gwen Sinclair Updated by Nancy Sack Current to January 2020 Library of Congress Subject Headings for the Pacific Islands Background An inquiry from a librarian in Micronesia about how to identify subject headings for the Pacific islands highlighted the need for a list of authorized Library of Congress subject headings that are uniquely relevant to the Pacific islands or that are important to the social, economic, or cultural life of the islands. We reasoned that compiling all of the existing subject headings would reveal the extent to which additional subjects may need to be established or updated and we wish to encourage librarians in the Pacific area to contribute new and changed subject headings through the Hawai‘i/Pacific subject headings funnel, coordinated at the University of Hawai‘i at Mānoa.. We captured headings developed for the Pacific, including those for ethnic groups, World War II battles, languages, literatures, place names, traditional religions, etc. Headings for subjects important to the politics, economy, social life, and culture of the Pacific region, such as agricultural products and cultural sites, were also included. Scope Topics related to Australia, New Zealand, and Hawai‘i would predominate in our compilation had they been included. Accordingly, we focused on the Pacific islands in Melanesia, Micronesia, and Polynesia (excluding Hawai‘i and New Zealand). Island groups in other parts of the Pacific were also excluded. References to broader or related terms having no connection with the Pacific were not included. Overview This compilation is modeled on similar publications such as Music Subject Headings: Compiled from Library of Congress Subject Headings and Library of Congress Subject Headings in Jewish Studies.
    [Show full text]
  • USHER, Timothy & Antoinette S CHAPPER, 2018. 'The Lexicons Of
    The lexicons of the Papuan languages of the Onin peninsula and their influences. Timothy USHERa and Antoinette SCHAPPERb Santa Fe Institutea, LACITO-CNRSb & University of Cologneb Mbaham and Iha are two closely related Papuan languages spoken on the Onin Peninsula in Northwest Bomberai, New Guinea. The prominent position of Onin in the seascape of the region means that groups in Onin were almost certainly involved in the formation of the Wallacean Linguistic Area. Applying the comparative method, we present a reconstruction of the lexicon of their common ancestor, proto-Mbaham-Iha, and identify Austronesian lexical influences on them. This work represents a small but important first step towards understanding the position of these languages of Onin within Linguistic Wallacea. 1. Introduction1 Onin Peninsula on mainland New Guinea is home to several Austronesian languages and two Papuan languages. Constituting the north-west part of the larger Bomberai peninsula, the Onin Peninsula juts westward into the Sea of Seram. It is only narrowly separated by sea from the well-known Bird’s Head of New Guinea and Seram itself. The historical record makes clear that Onin was heavily involved in local trade networks at the time of the arrival of Europeans in the region in the 16th and 17th centuries. However, the prehistorical position of Onin is in need to of investigation. The prominent position of Onin in the seascape of the region means that groups in Onin were almost certainly involved in the ancient maritime interactions that led to the formation of the Wallacean Linguistic Area (Schapper 2015). Yet, so little is known about the languages of Onin that the extent to which they have participated in and contributed to Linguistic Wallacea is yet to be established.
    [Show full text]
  • Yamben: a Previously Undocumented Language of Madang
    Yamben: A previously undocumented language of Madang This paper introduces Yamben, a previously undocumented Papuan language of Madang province, Papua New Guinea, which until now has gone unmentioned in the linguistic literature, lacking even an ISO-639 code. I discuss the reasons that Yamben has been overlooked, give an overview of its phonology and grammar, and discuss prospects for arriving at a genetic classification of the language. Yamben has been overlooked by linguistic science until the author's primary fieldwork, carried out over several visits from 2016-2018. This is surprising, given that Yamben-speaking communities are by no means isolated. They are in daily contact with other well-known language groups, and within a day’s trip of the nearest city, Madang. The main reason that Yamben was not recorded in previous linguistic surveys of the area, including the foundational work of J. A. Z'graggen (1980), is conflation with the similarly-named nearby language Yaben. Yamben's phoneme inventory has several features typical of a Papuan language, including stops at three places of articulation, a five-vowel system, and small number of fricatives, liquids, and glides (Foley 1986). Features not found in Yamben's closest neighbors, but not uncommon in Papuan languages more widely, include a palatal nasal and a labialiovelar series (Foley 1986). The syntactic profile of Yamben has many typically Papuan traits, including agglutinative, fusional verbal morphology characteristic of many Papuan languages. Tense and person and number of the subject are marked by fusional suffixes, while person and number of the object are marked by prefixes.
    [Show full text]
  • Languages of the Upper Sepik and Central New Guinea
    LANGUAGES OF THE UPPER SEPIK AND CENTRAL NEW GUINEA Report prepared by Martin Steer September 2005 Edits and Appendix 9.2 by B. Craig 2011 1 CONTENTS 1. Introduction 5 1.1 Overview 5 1.2 Methods of comparison 6 1.3 Structure of the report 9 2. Amto-Musian Family: Amto 10 3. Border Stock, Waris Family: Amanab and Waina 11 4. Kwomtari Stock: Baibai, Biaka and Kwomtari 15 5. Senagi Family: Anggor 18 6. Sepik Phylum 24 6.1 Abau 24 6.2 Yellow River Family: Ak, Awun, Namie 26 7. Trans New Guinea Phylum 28 7.1 The Mountain Ok family 28 7.2 The Mountain Ok languages 31 7.3 Lexical comparisons 34 7.4 Phonology and morphology 36 7.5 Discussion 38 7.6 Oksapmin 39 8. Isolates/Ungrouped 40 8.1 Busa 40 8.2 Yuri/Karkar 41 8.3 Nagatman/Yale 42 9. Appendices 44 9.1 Percentages of Cognates - Amanab sub-district and Upper Serpik 44 9.2 Data relating to Tifal and Faiwol language boundaries (by B.Craig) 45 10. Bibliography 53 2 List of Tables 1. Languages of the study area 5 2. Populkation of the study area 6 3. Relatedness of languages 8 4. A scale of relatedness 9 5. Codification of relationships 10 6. Amto 10 7. Amanab and Waina 11 8. Some Waris pronouns 12 9. Baibai, Biaka and Kwomtari 16 10. Some Kwomtari pronouns 17 11. Anggor 18 12. Dera versus languages to the north and west 20 13. pTNG and Dera 22 14. Anggor villages and dialects 23 15.
    [Show full text]
  • LCSH Section K
    K., Rupert (Fictitious character) K-T boundary Ka-ju-ken-bo USE Rupert (Fictitious character : Laporte) USE Cretaceous-Paleogene boundary USE Kajukenbo K-4 PRR 1361 (Steam locomotive) K-TEA (Achievement test) Ka-La-Bre-Osh (Game) USE 1361 K4 (Steam locomotive) USE Kaufman Test of Educational Achievement USE Belote (Game) K-9 (Fictitious character) (Not Subd Geog) K-theory Kʻa-la-kʻun-lun kung lu (China and Pakistan) UF K-Nine (Fictitious character) [QA612.33] USE Karakoram Highway (China and Pakistan) K9 (Fictitious character) BT Algebraic topology Ka Lae o Kilauea (Hawaii) K 37 (Military aircraft) Homology theory USE Kilauea Point (Hawaii) USE Junkers K 37 (Military aircraft) NT Whitehead groups Ka Lang (Vietnamese people) K 98 k (Rifle) K. Tzetnik Award in Holocaust Literature USE Giẻ Triêng (Vietnamese people) USE Mauser K98k rifle UF Ka-Tzetnik Award Ka nanʻʺ (Burmese people) (May Subd Geog) K.A.L. Flight 007 Incident, 1983 Peras Ḳ. Tseṭniḳ [DS528.2.K2] USE Korean Air Lines Incident, 1983 Peras Ḳatseṭniḳ UF Ka tūʺ (Burmese people) K.A. Lind Honorary Award BT Literary prizes—Israel BT Ethnology—Burma USE Moderna museets vänners skulpturpris K2 (Pakistan : Mountain) ʾKa nao dialect (May Subd Geog) K.A. Linds hederspris UF Dapsang (Pakistan) BT China—Languages USE Moderna museets vänners skulpturpris Godwin Austen, Mount (Pakistan) Hmong language K-ABC (Intelligence test) Gogir Feng (Pakistan) Ka nō (Burmese people) USE Kaufman Assessment Battery for Children Mount Godwin Austen (Pakistan) USE Tha noʹ (Burmese people) K-B Bridge (Palau) BT Mountains—Pakistan Ka Rang (Southeast Asian people) USE Koro-Babeldaod Bridge (Palau) Karakoram Range USE Sedang (Southeast Asian people) K-BIT (Intelligence test) K2 (Drug) Kā Roimata o Hine Hukatere (N.Z.) USE Kaufman Brief Intelligence Test USE Synthetic marijuana USE Franz Josef Glacier/Kā Roimata o Hine K.
    [Show full text]