Languages of the Upper Sepik and Central New Guinea
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PAPERS in NEW GUINEA LINGUISTICS No. 18
PACIFIC LINGUISTICS S e.ft-<- e..6 A - No. 4 0 PAPERS IN NEW GUINEA LINGUISTICS No. 18 by R. Conrad and W. Dye N.P. Thomson L.P. Bruce, Jr. Department of Linguistics Research School of Pacific Studies THE AUSTRALIAN NATIONAL UNIVERSITY Conrad, R., Dye, W., Thomson, N. and Bruce Jr., L. editors. Papers in New Guinea Linguistics No. 18. A-40, iv + 106 pages. Pacific Linguistics, The Australian National University, 1975. DOI:10.15144/PL-A40.cover ©1975 Pacific Linguistics and/or the author(s). Online edition licensed 2015 CC BY-SA 4.0, with permission of PL. A sealang.net/CRCL initiative. PACIFIC LINGUISTICS is published by the Ling ui��ic Ci�cl e 06 Canbe��a and consists of four series: SERIES A - OCCAS IONAL PAPERS SERIES B - MONOGRAPHS SERIES C - BOOKS SERIES V - SPECIAL PUBLICATIONS . EDITOR: S.A. Wurm . ASSOCIATE EDITORS: D.C. Laycock , C.L. Voorhoeve . ALL CORRESPONDENCE concerning PACIFIC LINGUISTICS, including orders and subscriptions, should be addressed to: The Secretary, PACIFIC LINGUISTICS, Department of Linguistics, School of Pacific Studies, The Australian National University, Canberra , A.C.T. 2600. Australia . Copyright � The Authors. First published 1975 . The editors are indebted to the Australian National University for help in the production of this series. This publication was made possible by an initial grant from the Hunter Douglas Fund. National Library of Australia Card Number and ISBN 0 85883 118 X TABLE OF CONTENTS Page SOME LANGUAGE RELATIONSHIPS IN THE UPPER SEPIK REGION OF PAPUA NEW GUINEA, by Robert Conrad and Wayne Dye 1 O. INTRODUCTION 1 1 . -
The Sukundimi Walks Before Me
THE SUKUNDIMI WALKS BEFORE ME SIX REASONS WHY THE FRIEDA RIVER MINE MUST BE REJECTED About this report This is a publication of the Jubilee Australia Research Centre and Project Sepik Principal Author: Emily Mitchell Additional Material and Editing: Luke Fletcher, Emmanuel Peni and Duncan Gabi Published 14 March 2021 The information in this report may be printed or copied for non-commercial purposes with proper acknowledgement of Jubilee Australia and Project Sepik. Contact Luke Fletcher, Jubilee Australia Research Centre E: [email protected] W: www.jubileeaustralia.org Project Sepik Project Sepik is a not-for-profit organisation based in Papua New Guinea that has been working in the Sepik region since 2016. Project Sepik advocates for the vision of a local environment with a sustained balance of life via the promotion of environmentally sustainable practices and holding to account those that are exploiting the environment. Jubilee Australia Research Centre Jubilee Australia Research Centre engages in research and advocacy to promote economic justice for communities in the Asia-Pacific region and accountability for Australian corporations and government agencies operating there. Follow Jubilee Australia on Instagram, Facebook and Twitter: @JubileeAustralia Acknowledgments Thanks to our colleagues at CELCOR, especially Mr Peter Bosip and Evelyn Wohuinangu for their comments on drafts. Thank you to Rainforest Foundation Norway for generously supporting this project. Cover image: Local village people along the Sepik River THE SAVE THE SEPIK CAMPAIGN The Save the Sepik campaign is fighting to protect the Sepik River from the Frieda River Mine. It is a collaboration between Project Sepik and Jubilee Australia Research Centre. -
The Status of the Least Documented Language Families in the World
Vol. 4 (2010), pp. 177-212 http://nflrc.hawaii.edu/ldc/ http://hdl.handle.net/10125/4478 The status of the least documented language families in the world Harald Hammarström Radboud Universiteit, Nijmegen and Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig This paper aims to list all known language families that are not yet extinct and all of whose member languages are very poorly documented, i.e., less than a sketch grammar’s worth of data has been collected. It explains what constitutes a valid family, what amount and kinds of documentary data are sufficient, when a language is considered extinct, and more. It is hoped that the survey will be useful in setting priorities for documenta- tion fieldwork, in particular for those documentation efforts whose underlying goal is to understand linguistic diversity. 1. InTroducTIon. There are several legitimate reasons for pursuing language documen- tation (cf. Krauss 2007 for a fuller discussion).1 Perhaps the most important reason is for the benefit of the speaker community itself (see Voort 2007 for some clear examples). Another reason is that it contributes to linguistic theory: if we understand the limits and distribution of diversity of the world’s languages, we can formulate and provide evidence for statements about the nature of language (Brenzinger 2007; Hyman 2003; Evans 2009; Harrison 2007). From the latter perspective, it is especially interesting to document lan- guages that are the most divergent from ones that are well-documented—in other words, those that belong to unrelated families. I have conducted a survey of the documentation of the language families of the world, and in this paper, I will list the least-documented ones. -
Indonesia (Republic Of)
Indonesia (Republic of) Last updated: 31-01-2004 Location and area Indonesia is an island republic and largest nation of South East Asia, stretching across some 5,000 km and with a north-south spread of about 2,000 km. The republic shares the island of Borneo with Malaysia and Brunei Darussalam; Indonesian Borneo, equivalent to about 75 per cent of the island, is called Kalimantan. The western half of New Guinea is the Indonesian province of Irian Jaya (formerly West Irian); the eastern half is part of Papua New Guinea. The marine frontiers of Indonesia include the South China Sea, the Celebes Sea, and the Pacific Ocean to the north, and the Indian Ocean to the south and west. Indonesia has a land area of 1,904,443 km2. (Microsoft Encarta Encyclopedia 2002). According to Geoanalytics (www.geoanalytics.com/bims/bims.htm) the land area of Indonesia comprises 1,919,663 km2. Topography Indonesia comprises 13,677 islands on both sides of the equator, 6,000 of which are inhabited. Kalimantan and Irian Jaya, together with Sumatra (also called Sumatera), Java (Jawa), and Celebes (Sulawesi) are the largest islands and, together with the insular provinces of Kalimantan and Irian Jaya, account for about 95 per cent of its land area. The smaller islands, including Madura, Timor, Lombok, Sumbawa, Flores, and Bali predominantly form part of island groups. The Moluccas (Maluku) and the Lesser Sunda Islands (Nusatenggara) are the largest island groups. The Java, Flores, and Banda seas divide the major islands of Indonesia into two unequal strings. The comparatively long, narrow islands of Sumatra, Java, Timor (in the Nusatenggara group), and others lie to the south; Borneo, Celebes, the Moluccas, and New Guinea lie to the north. -
Why Speak Quechua? : a Study of Language Attitudes Among Native Quechua Speakers In
Why Speak Quechua? : A Study of Language Attitudes among Native Quechua Speakers in Lima, Peru. A Senior Honors Thesis Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for graduation with research distinction in Linguistics in the undergraduate colleges of The Ohio State University by Nicole Holliday The Ohio State University June 2010 Project Advisor: Professor Donald Winford, Department of Linguistics Holliday 2 I. Introduction According to the U.S. State Department, Bureau of Western Hemisphere Affairs, there are presently 3.2 million Quechua speakers in Peru, which constitute approximately 16.5% of the total Peruvian population. As a result of the existence of a numerically prominent Quechua speaking population, the language is not presently classified as endangered in Peru. The 32 documented dialects of Quechua are considered as part of both an official language of Peru and a “lingua franca” in most regions of the Andes (Sherzer & Urban 1988, Lewis 2009). While the Peruvian government is supportive of the Quechua macrolanguage, “The State promotes the study and the knowledge of indigenous languages” (Article 83 of the Constitutional Assembly of Peru qtd. inVon Gleich 1994), many believe that with the advent of new technology and heavy cultural pressure to learn Spanish, Quechua will begin to fade into obscurity, just as the languages of Aymara and Kura have “lost their potency” in many parts of South America (Amastae 1989). At this point in time, there exists a great deal of data about how Quechua is used in Peru, but there is little data about language attitudes there, and even less about how native Quechua speakers view both their own language and how it relates to the more widely- spoken Spanish. -
The West Papua Dilemma Leslie B
University of Wollongong Research Online University of Wollongong Thesis Collection University of Wollongong Thesis Collections 2010 The West Papua dilemma Leslie B. Rollings University of Wollongong Recommended Citation Rollings, Leslie B., The West Papua dilemma, Master of Arts thesis, University of Wollongong. School of History and Politics, University of Wollongong, 2010. http://ro.uow.edu.au/theses/3276 Research Online is the open access institutional repository for the University of Wollongong. For further information contact Manager Repository Services: [email protected]. School of History and Politics University of Wollongong THE WEST PAPUA DILEMMA Leslie B. Rollings This Thesis is presented for Degree of Master of Arts - Research University of Wollongong December 2010 For Adam who provided the inspiration. TABLE OF CONTENTS DECLARATION................................................................................................................................ i ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ............................................................................................................. ii ABSTRACT ...................................................................................................................................... iii Figure 1. Map of West Papua......................................................................................................v SUMMARY OF ACRONYMS ....................................................................................................... vi INTRODUCTION ..............................................................................................................................1 -
Exploring Material Culture Distributions in the Upper Sepik and Central New Guinea
Gender, mobility and population history: exploring material culture distributions in the Upper Sepik and Central New Guinea by Andrew Fyfe, BA (Hons) Thesis submitted for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in The Discipline of Geographical and Environmental Studies The University of Adelaide November 2008 …..These practices, then, and others which I will speak of later, were borrowed by the Greeks from Egypt. This is not the case, however, with the Greek custom of making images of Hermes with the phallus erect; it was the Athenians who took this from the Pelasgians, and from the Athenians the custom spread to the rest of Greece. For just at the time when the Athenians were assuming Hellenic nationality, the Pelasgians joined them, and thus first came to be regarded as Greeks. Anyone will know what I mean if he is familiar with the mysteries of the Cabiri-rites which the men of Samothrace learned from the Pelasgians, who lived in that island before they moved to Attica, and communicated the mysteries to the Athenians. This will show that the Athenians were the first Greeks to make statues of Hermes with the erect phallus, and that they learned the practice from the Pelasgians…… Herodotus c.430 BC ii Table of contents Acknowledgements vii List of figures viii List of tables xi List of Appendices xii Abstract xiv Declaration xvi Section One 1. Introduction 2 1.1 The Upper Sepik-Central New Guinea Project 2 1.2 Lapita and the exploration of relationships between language and culture in Melanesia 3 1.3 The quantification of relationships between material culture and language on New Guinea’s north coast 6 1.4 Thesis objectives 9 2. -
Frieda River Limited Sepik Development Project Environmental Impact Statement Chapter 14 – References
Frieda River Limited Sepik Development Project Environmental Impact Statement Chapter 14 – References SDP-6-G-00-01-T-084-015 Environmental Impact Statement Sepik Development Project 14. REFERENCES ACIL Allen. 2018. Sepik Development Project Economic Impact Assessment. ACIL Allen Consulting Pty Ltd. Brisbane, Australia. AECOM. 2011. Frieda River Landscape and Visual Study. November. Report prepared by AECOM, Sydney NSW, for Coffey Natural Systems, Abbotsford Vic. Alabaster, J.S. and Lloyd, R. 1982. Water quality criteria for freshwater fish: 1. Finely divided solids. Food and Agricultural Organisation, Butterworths, London. Allen, G.R. and Coates, D. 1990. An ichthyological survey of the Sepik River, Papua New Guinea. Records of the Western Australian Museum Supplement 34: 31–116. ANCOLD. 1998. Design of Dams for Earthquakes. The Australian National Committee on Large Dams. Hobart, Tasmania, Australia. ANCOLD. 2000. Selection of Acceptable Flood Capacity for Dams. The Australian National Committee on Large Dams. Hobart, Tasmania, Australia. ANCOLD. 2001. Environmental Management of Dams. The Australian National Committee on Large Dams. Hobart, Tasmania, Australia. ANCOLD. 2003a. Dam Safety Management. The Australian National Committee on Large Dams. Hobart, Tasmania, Australia. ANCOLD. 2003b. Risk Assessment. The Australian National Committee on Large Dams. Hobart, Tasmania, Australia. ANCOLD. 2012a. Consequence Categories for Dams. The Australian National Committee on Large Dams. Hobart, Tasmania, Australia. ANCOLD. 2012b. Tailings Dams - Planning, Design, Construction, Operation and Closure. The Australian National Committee on Large Dams. Hobart, Tasmania, Australia. ANU. 1999. Agricultural System: 13, Subsystem: 01. Part of the Mapping Agricultural Systems in Papua New Guinea Project. A WWW publication accessed on 14 June 2011 at http://rspas.anu.edu.au/lmg/masp/result.php?submit0=1&provinceList=14. -
Language Classification in the Ethnologue and Its Consequences (Paper)
Sarah E. Cornwell The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada Language Classification in The Ethnologue and its Consequences (Paper) Abstract: The Ethnologue is a widely used classificatory standard for the world’s 7000+ natural languages. However, the motives and processes used by The Ethnologue’s governing body, SIL International, have come under criticism by linguists. This paper investigates how The Ethnologue answers the question “What is a language?” through the theoretical lens presented by Bowker and Star in Sorting Things Out (1999) and presents some consequences of those classificatory decisions. 1. Introduction Language is central to human culture and experience. It is the central core of our communicative capacity, running through all media of communication. Due to this essential role, there is a need to classify and count languages and their speakers1. Governments need to communicate with citizens, libraries need to catalogue books by language, and search engines need to return webpages in the appropriate language for each searcher. For these reasons among others, there is a strong institutional need for a standardized classification structure and labelling system for languages. The most widespread current classificatory infrastructure for languages is based on The Ethnologue. This essay will critically evaluate The Ethnologue using the Foucauldian theory developed for investigating classification structures by Bowker and Star (1999) in Sorting Things Out: Classification and its Consequences. 2. The Ethnologue The Ethnologue is a catalogue of all the world’s languages. First compiled in 1951, The Ethnologue is currently in its 20th edition and contains descriptions of 7099 living languages (2017). Since 1997, The Ethnologue has been available freely online and widely accessible (Simons & Fennig, 2017). -
Bupati Boven Digoel Peraturan Daerah
BUPATI BOVEN DIGOEL PERATURAN DAERAH KABUPATEN BOVEN DIGOEL NOMOR 4 TAHUN 2012 TENTANG RENCANA TATA RUANG WILAYAH KABUPATEN BOVEN DIGOEL TAHUN 2011-2031 DENGAN RAHMAT TUHAN YANG MAHA ESA BUPATI BOVEN DIGOEL, Menimbang : a. bahwa untuk mengarahkan pembangunan di Kabupaten Boven Digoel dengan memanfaatkan ruang wilayah secara berdaya guna, berhasil guna, serasi, selaras, seimbang, dan berkelanjutan dalam rangka meningkatkan kesejahteraan masyarakat dan pertahanan keamanan, perlu disusun rencana tata ruang wilayah; b. bahwa dalam rangka mewujudkan keterpaduan pembangunan antar sektor, daerah, dan masyarakat maka rencana tata ruang wilayah merupakan arahan lokasi investasi pembangunan yang dilaksanakan pemerintah, masyarakat, dan/atau dunia usaha; c. bahwa dengan ditetapkannya Undang-Undang No. 26 tahun 2007 tentang Penataan Ruang dan Peraturan Pemerintah No.26 tahun 2008 tentang Rencana Tata Ruang Wilayah Nasional, maka perlu penjabaran ke dalam Rencana Tata Ruang Wilayah Kabupaten; d. bahwa berdasarkan pertimbangan sebagaimana dimaksud dalam huruf a, b, dan c perlu menetapkan Rencana Tata Ruang Wilayah Kabupaten Boven Digoel dengan Peraturan Daerah; Mengingat : 1. Pasal 18 ayat (6) Undang-Undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 1945 perubahan kedua; 2. Undang-Undang Nomor 41 Tahun 1999 tentang Kehutanan (Lembaran Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 1999 Nomor 167, Tambahan Lembaran Negara Republik Indonesia Nomor 3888) sebagaimana telah diubah dengan UndangUndang Nomor 19 Tahun 2004 tentang Penetapan Peraturan Pemerintah Pengganti Undang-Undang -
Some Word-Order Correlation Are Lineage Specific
The evolution of word-order universals: Some word-order correlation are lineage specific - others might be universal Gerhard Jäger, Gwendolyn Berger, Isabella Boga, Thora Daneyko & Luana Vaduva Tübingen University Association for Linguistic Typology, Canberra December 15, 2017 Jäger et al. (Tübingen) Word-order Universals ALT2017 1 / 26 Introduction Introduction Jäger et al. (Tübingen) Word-order Universals ALT2017 2 / 26 Introduction Word order correlations Greenberg, Keenan, Lehmann etc.: general tendency for languages to be either consistently head-initial or consistently head-final alternative account (Dryer, Hawkins): phrases are consistently left- or consistently right-branching can be formalized as collection of implicative universals, such as With overwhelmingly greater than chance frequency, languages with normal SOV order are postpositional. (Greenberg’s Universal 4) both generativist and functional/historical explanations in the literature Jäger et al. (Tübingen) Word-order Universals ALT2017 3 / 26 Introduction Phylogenetic non-independence languages are phylogenetically structured if two closely related languages display the same pattern, these are not two independent data points ) we need to control for phylogenetic dependencies (from Dunn et al., 2011) Jäger et al. (Tübingen) Word-order Universals ALT2017 4 / 26 Introduction Phylogenetic non-independence Maslova (2000): “If the A-distribution for a given typology cannot be as- sumed to be stationary, a distributional universal cannot be discovered on the basis of purely synchronic statistical data.” “In this case, the only way to discover a distributional universal is to estimate transition probabilities and as it were to ‘predict’ the stationary distribution on the basis of the equations in (1).” Jäger et al. (Tübingen) Word-order Universals ALT2017 5 / 26 The phylogenetic comparative method The phylogenetic comparative method Jäger et al. -
0=AFRICAN Geosector
2= AUSTRALASIA geosector Observatoire Linguistique Linguasphere Observatory page 123 2=AUSTRALASIA geosector édition princeps foundation edition DU RÉPERTOIRE DE LA LINGUASPHÈRE 1999-2000 THE LINGUASPHERE REGISTER 1999-2000 publiée en ligne et mise à jour dès novembre 2012 published online & updated from November 2012 This geosector covers 223 sets of languages (1167 outer languages, composed of 2258 inner languages) spoken or formerly spoken by communities in Australasia in a geographic sequence from Maluku and the Lesser Sunda islands through New Guinea and its adjacent islands, and throughout the Australian mainland to Tasmania. They comprise all languages of Australasia (Oceania) not covered by phylosectors 3=Austronesian or 5=Indo-European. Zones 20= to 24= cover all so-called "Papuan" languages, spoken on Maluku and the Lesser Sunda islands and the New Guinea mainland, which have been previously treated within the "Trans-New Guinea" hypothesis: 20= ARAFURA geozone 21= MAMBERAMO geozone 22= MANDANGIC phylozone 23= OWALAMIC phylozone 24= TRANSIRIANIC phylozone Zones 25= to 27= cover all other so-called "Papuan" languages, on the New Guinea mainland, Bismarck archipelago, New Britain, New Ireland and Solomon islands, which have not been treated within the "Trans-New Guinea" hypothesis: 25= CENDRAWASIH geozone 26= SEPIK-VALLEY geozone 27= BISMARCK-SEA geozone Zones 28= to 29= cover all languages spoken traditionally across the Australian mainland, on the offshore Elcho, Howard, Crocodile and Torres Strait islands (excluding Darnley island), and formerly on the island of Tasmania. An "Australian" hypothesis covers all these languages, excluding the extinct and little known languages of Tasmania, comprising (1.) an area of more diffuse and complex relationships in the extreme north, covered here by geozone 28=, and (2.) a more closely related affinity (Pama+ Nyungan) throughout the rest of Australia, covered by 24 of the 25 sets of phylozone 29=.