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CHUNKEY, CAHOKIA, AND INDIGENOUS CONFLICT RESOLUTION by ANNE GREGORY A THESIS Presented to the Conflict and Dispute Resolution Program and the Graduate School of the University of Oregon in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science June 2020 THESIS APPROVAL PAGE Student: Anne Gregory Title: Chunkey, Cahokia, and Indigenous Conflict Resolution This thesis has been accepted and approved in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Master of Science degree in the Conflict and Dispute Resolution Program by: Kirby Brown Chair Eric Girvan Member and Kate Mondloch Interim Vice Provost and Dean of the Graduate School Original approval signatures are on file with the University of Oregon Graduate School. Degree awarded June 2020. ii © 2020 Anne Gregory This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs (United States) License. iii THESIS ABSTRACT Anne Gregory Master of Science Conflict and Dispute Resolution June 2020 Title: Chunkey, Cahokia, and Indigenous Conflicts Resolution Chunkey, a traditional Native American sport, was a form of conflict resolution. The popular game was one of several played for millennia throughout Native North America. Indigenous communities played ball games not only for the important culture- making of sport and recreation, but also as an act of peace-building. The densely populated urban center of Cahokia, as well as its agricultural suburbs and distant trade partners, were dedicated to chunkey. Chunkey is associated with the milieu surrounding the Pax Cahokiana (1050 AD-1200 AD), an era of reduced armed conflict during the height of Mississippian civilization (1000-1500 AD). The relational framework utilized in archaeology, combined with dynamics of conflict resolution, provides a basis to explain chunkey’s cultural impact. -
Exhibit Specimen List FLORIDA SUBMERGED the Cretaceous, Paleocene, and Eocene (145 to 34 Million Years Ago) PARADISE ISLAND
Exhibit Specimen List FLORIDA SUBMERGED The Cretaceous, Paleocene, and Eocene (145 to 34 million years ago) FLORIDA FORMATIONS Avon Park Formation, Dolostone from Eocene time; Citrus County, Florida; with echinoid sand dollar fossil (Periarchus lyelli); specimen from Florida Geological Survey Avon Park Formation, Limestone from Eocene time; Citrus County, Florida; with organic layers containing seagrass remains from formation in shallow marine environment; specimen from Florida Geological Survey Ocala Limestone (Upper), Limestone from Eocene time; Jackson County, Florida; with foraminifera; specimen from Florida Geological Survey Ocala Limestone (Lower), Limestone from Eocene time; Citrus County, Florida; specimens from Tanner Collection OTHER Anhydrite, Evaporite from early Cenozoic time; Unknown location, Florida; from subsurface core, showing evaporite sequence, older than Avon Park Formation; specimen from Florida Geological Survey FOSSILS Tethyan Gastropod Fossil, (Velates floridanus); In Ocala Limestone from Eocene time; Barge Canal spoil island, Levy County, Florida; specimen from Tanner Collection Echinoid Sea Biscuit Fossils, (Eupatagus antillarum); In Ocala Limestone from Eocene time; Barge Canal spoil island, Levy County, Florida; specimens from Tanner Collection Echinoid Sea Biscuit Fossils, (Eupatagus antillarum); In Ocala Limestone from Eocene time; Mouth of Withlacoochee River, Levy County, Florida; specimens from John Sacha Collection PARADISE ISLAND The Oligocene (34 to 23 million years ago) FLORIDA FORMATIONS Suwannee -
A Light in the Dark: Illuminating the Maritime Past of The
A LIGHT IN THE DARK: ILLUMINATING THE MARITIME PAST OF THE BLACKWATER RIVER by Benjamin Charles Wells B.A., Mercyhurst University, 2010 A thesis submitted to the Department of Anthropology College of Arts, Social Sciences, and Humanities The University of West Florida For partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts 2015 © 2015 Benjamin Charles Wells The thesis of Benjamin Charles Wells is approved: ____________________________________________ _________________ Gregory D. Cook, Ph.D., Committee Member Date ____________________________________________ _________________ Brian R. Rucker, Ph.D., Committee Member Date ____________________________________________ _________________ Della A. Scott-Ireton, Ph.D., Committee Chair Date Accepted for the Department/Division: ____________________________________________ _________________ John R. Bratten, Ph.D., Chair Date Accepted for the University: ____________________________________________ _________________ John Clune, Ph.D., Interim AVP for Academic Programs Date ACKNOWLEDGMENTS This project would not have been possible without the help of numerous individuals. First and foremost, a massive thank you to my committee—Dr. Della Scott-Ireton, Dr. Greg Cook, and Dr. Brian Rucker. The University of West Florida Archaeology Institute supplied the materials and financial support to complete the field work. Steve McLin, Fritz Sharar, and Del de Los Santos maintained the boats and diving equipment for operations. Cindi Rogers, Juliette Moore, and Karen Mims – you three ladies saved me, and encouraged me more than you will ever know. To those in the Department of Anthropology who provided assistance and support, thank you. Field work would not have occurred without the graduate and undergraduate students in the 2013 and 2014 field schools and my fellow graduate students on random runs to the river. -
Florida Marine Research Institute
ISSN 1092-194X FLORIDA MARINE RESEARCH INSTITUTE TECHNICALTECHNICAL REPORTSREPORTS Florida’s Shad and River Herrings (Alosa species): A Review of Population and Fishery Characteristics Richard S. McBride Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission FMRI Technical Report TR-5 2000 Jeb Bush Governor of Florida Florida Fish & Wildlife Conservation Commission Allan E. Egbert Executive Director The Florida Marine Research Institute (FMRI) is a division of the Florida Fish and Wildlife Con- servation Commission (FWC). The FWC is “managing fish and wildlife resources for their long- term well-being and the benefit of people.” The FMRI conducts applied research pertinent to managing marine-fishery resources and marine species of special concern in Florida. Programs at the FMRI focus on resource-management topics such as managing gamefish and shellfish populations, restoring depleted fish stocks and the habitats that support them, pro- tecting coral reefs, preventing and mitigating oil-spill damage, protecting endangered and threatened species, and managing coastal-resource information. The FMRI publishes three series: Memoirs of the Hourglass Cruises, Florida Marine Research Publi- cations, and FMRI Technical Reports. FMRI Technical Reports contain information relevant to imme- diate resource-management needs. Kenneth D. Haddad, Chief of Research James F. Quinn, Jr., Science Editor Institute Editors Theresa M. Bert, Paul R. Carlson, Mark M. Leiby, Anne B. Meylan, Robert G. Muller, Ruth O. Reese Judith G. Leiby, Copy Editor Llyn C. French, Publications Production Florida’s Shad and River Herrings (Alosa species): A Review of Population and Fishery Characteristics Richard S. McBride Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission Florida Marine Research Institute 100 Eighth Avenue Southeast St. -
Freshwater Records.Indd
STATE-RECORD FRESHWATER FISH (Information Courtesy of Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission) Largemouth Bass 17.27 lbs. Billy M. O’Berry July 6,1986 Unnamed lake, Polk County Redeye Bass 7.83 lbs. William T. Johnson Feb. 18, 1989 Apalachicola River, Gadsden Co. Spotted Bass 3.75 lbs. Dow Gilmore June 24, 1985 Apalachicola River, Gulf Co. Suwannee Bass 3.89 lbs. Ronnie Everett March 2,1985 Suwannee River, Gilchrist Co. Striped Bass 42.25 lbs. Alphonso Barnes Dec. 14,1993 Apalachicola River, Gadsden Co. Peacock Bass 9.08 lbs. Jerry Gomez Mar. 11,1993 Kendall Lakes, Dade County Oscar 2.34 lbs. Jimmy Cook Mar. 16,1994 Lake Okeechobee, Palm Beach Skipjack Herring Open (Qualifying weight is 2.5 lbs.) White Bass 4.69 lbs. Richard S. Davis April 9,1982 Apalachicola River, Gadsden Co. Sunshine Bass 16.31 lbs. Thomas R. Elder May 9,1985 Lake Seminole, Jackson County Black Crappie 3.83 lbs. Ben F. Curry, Sr. Jan. 21, 1992 Lake Talquin, Gadsden County Flier 1.24 lbs. William C. Lane, Jr. Aug. 14, 1992 Lake Iamonia, Leon County Bluegill 2.95 lbs. John R. LeMaster Apr. 19,1989 Crystal Lake Washington County Redbreast Sunfish 2.08 lbs. Jerrell DeWees, Jr. April 29, 1988 Suwannee River, Gilchrist County Redear Sunfish 4.86 lbs. Joseph M. Floyd Mar. 13, 1986 Merritts Mill Pond, Jackson Co. Spotted Sunfish .83 lbs. Coy Dotson May 12,1984 Suwannee River, Columbia Co. Warmouth 2.44 lbs. Tony Dempsey Oct. 19, 1985 Yellow Riv. (Guess Lk.) Okaloosa Chain Pickerel 6.96 lbs. -
Chapter 1: the Everglades to the 1920S Introduction
Chapter 1: The Everglades to the 1920s Introduction The Everglades is a vast wetland, 40 to 50 miles wide and 100 miles long. Prior to the twentieth century, the Everglades occupied most of the Florida peninsula south of Lake Okeechobee.1 Originally about 4,000 square miles in extent, the Everglades included extensive sawgrass marshes dotted with tree islands, wet prairies, sloughs, ponds, rivers, and creeks. Since the 1880s, the Everglades has been drained by canals, compartmentalized behind levees, and partially transformed by agricultural and urban development. Although water depths and flows have been dramatically altered and its spatial extent reduced, the Everglades today remains the only subtropical ecosystem in the United States and one of the most extensive wetland systems in the world. Everglades National Park embraces about one-fourth of the original Everglades plus some ecologically distinct adjacent areas. These adjacent areas include slightly elevated uplands, coastal mangrove forests, and bays, notably Florida Bay. Everglades National Park has been recognized as a World Heritage Site, an International Biosphere Re- serve, and a Wetland of International Importance. In this work, the term Everglades or Everglades Basin will be reserved for the wetland ecosystem (past and present) run- ning between the slightly higher ground to the east and west. The term South Florida will be used for the broader area running from the Kississimee River Valley to the toe of the peninsula.2 Early in the twentieth century, a magazine article noted of the Everglades that “the region is not exactly land, and it is not exactly water.”3 The presence of water covering the land to varying depths through all or a major portion of the year is the defining feature of the Everglades. -
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The Flags of Florida History
Sunland Tribune Volume 21 Article 10 1995 The Flags of Florida History Sunland Tribune Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/sunlandtribune Recommended Citation Tribune, Sunland (1995) "The Flags of Florida History," Sunland Tribune: Vol. 21 , Article 10. Available at: https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/sunlandtribune/vol21/iss1/10 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by Scholar Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Sunland Tribune by an authorized editor of Scholar Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. THE FLAGS OF FLORIDA HISTORY Many flags have flown over Florida since Juan Ponce de Leon landed in 1513. Among these have been the flags of five sovereign nations: Spain, France, Great Britain, the United States, and the Confederate States of America. Numerous other unofficial flags also have flown on the peninsula at one time or another. Only a written description remains of some and one has no known description at all. SPAIN FRANCE Research indicates Spain had no truly The French established a short-lived national flag in 1513, when Juan Ponce settlement, in 1564, near Jacksonville at de Leon landed on Florida shores, but the the mouth of the St. Johns River. During Castle and Lion flag of the King was this period there was no single official recognized as the flag of the country flag for France. Their flag may have had a blue field which bore the royal golden fleurs-de-lys. The French also occupied Pensacola from 1719 to 1722 during the War of the Quadruple Alliance. -
Teacher's Guide to Florida's
Teacher’s Guide to Florida’s Native People Inquiry Boxes: Museum on the move FLORIDA MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY SW 34th Street & Hull Road on the University of Florida campus, Gainesville, FL Monday – Saturday 10 a.m. – 5 p.m. • Sunday & Holidays 1 p.m. – 5 p.m. (352) 846-2000 ext. 214 • www.flmnh.ufl.edu 2 www.flmnh.ufl.edu © 2002 Florida Museum of Natural History, Gainesville, Florida This Teacher’s Guide is made possible by a grant from the Department of State, Division of Historical Resources, Historical Museums Grants-in-Aid Program Acknowledgments This guide was produced by the Florida Museum of Natural History under the direction of Marilyn M. Roberts, Education Programs Coordinator Graphic Designer . .Pat Klaus Writer and Copy Editor . .Jeanne Chamberlin Writer and Copy Editor . .Darcie MacMahon Copy Editor . .Dr. Betty Dunckel Camp Museum Artist . .Merald Clark Museum Photographers . .Jeff Gage, Tammy Johnson Seminole Photographers . .Ernie Tiger, Elrod Bowers Seminole Graphic Designer . .Melissa Sherman Canoe Race Illustration . .Andrew Works Cover Illustration . .Allen Cheuvront Florida Heritage Education Program, Department of State, Division of Historical Resources In addition, I would like to thank the following people at FLMHH for their contributions to the Museum on the Move: Inquiry Boxes program: Dr. Douglas S. Jones, FLMNH Director Division of Exhibits and Public Programs Kurt Auffenberg • Jeannette Carlisle • Brian Chamberlain Ron Chesser • Lorraine Duerden • Susan Jarzen Dale Johnson • Tom Kyne • Robert Leavy Dr. Bruce J. MacFadden • John Patterson • Erika Simons • Charlene Smith FLMNH Volunteers and Docents Division of Collections and Research Sarah Brix • Richard Franz • Dr. David M. -
The Underwater Archaeology of Paleolandscapes, Apalachee Bay, Florida Author(S): Michael K
Society for American Archaeology The Underwater Archaeology of Paleolandscapes, Apalachee Bay, Florida Author(s): Michael K. Faught Source: American Antiquity, Vol. 69, No. 2 (Apr., 2004), pp. 275-289 Published by: Society for American Archaeology Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/4128420 Accessed: 14-09-2016 18:19 UTC REFERENCES Linked references are available on JSTOR for this article: http://www.jstor.org/stable/4128420?seq=1&cid=pdf-reference#references_tab_contents You may need to log in to JSTOR to access the linked references. JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact [email protected]. Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of the Terms & Conditions of Use, available at http://about.jstor.org/terms Society for American Archaeology is collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to American Antiquity This content downloaded from 131.247.112.3 on Wed, 14 Sep 2016 18:19:45 UTC All use subject to http://about.jstor.org/terms REPORTSX THE UNDERWATER ARCHAEOLOGY OF PALEOLANDSCAPES, APALACHEE BAY, FLORIDA Michael K. Faught Submerged prehistoric sites investigated in northwest Florida along the margins of the drowned Aucilla River channel (or PaleoAucilla) extend our understanding ofprehistoric settlement patterns and paleolandscape utilization. Bifacial and uni- facial tools indicate Late Paleoindian and Early Archaic logistical activities at these sites, as well as later Middle Archaic occupations. -
Occupation Polygons
Polygon Date & Period Archaeological Phase Cultural - Historical Source & Comment Hist or Arch Pop & Sites Group Estimate 1 early 16th century Little Tennessee site 16th century Chiaha mid-16th century, Little Tennessee site cluster cluster and sites 7-19 and sites 7-19, Hally et al. 1990:Fig. 9.1; 16th century, Chiaha, three populations, Smith 1989:Fig. 1; mid-16th century, Little Tennessee cluster plus additional sites, Smith, 2000:Fig. 18 2 early 16th century Hiwassee site cluster mid-16th century, Hiwassee site cluster, Hally et al. 1990:Fig. 9.1; 16th century, Smith 1989:Fig. 1; mid-16th century, Hiwassee cluster, Smith, 2000:Fig. 18 3 early 16th century Chattanooga site cluster 16th century Napochies mid-16th century, Chattanooga site cluster, Hally et al. 1990:Fig. 9.1; 16th century Napochies, Smith 1989:Fig. 1; mid-16th century, Chattanooga site cluster, Smith, 2000:Fig. 18 4 early 16th century Carters site cluster; 16th century Coosa mid-16th century, Carters site cluster, Hally et al. X Barnett phase 1990:Fig. 9.1; Barnett phase, Hally and Rudolph 1986:Fig. 15; 16th century Coosa, Smith 1989:Fig. 1; mid-16th century, Carters site cluster, Smith, 2000:Fig. 18 5 early 16th century Cartersville site cluster; mid-16th century, Cartersville site cluster, Hally et Brewster phase al. 1990:Fig. 9.1; Brewster phase, Hally and Rudolph 1986:Fig. 15; 16th century, Smith 1989:Fig. 1; mid-16th century, Cartersville site cluster, Smith, 2000:Fig. 18 6 early 16th century Rome site cluster; 16th century Apica mid-16th century, Rome site cluster, Hally et al. -
Trade & Travel in the Apalachee Province
Trade & Travel in the Apalachee Province A Lesson Plan for Grade Levels 1 & 2 Mission San Luis Education Department 2100 West Tennessee Street Tallahassee, FL 32304 www.missionsanluis.org [email protected] ©Mission San Luis Education Department Trade & Travel in the Apalachee Province A Lesson Plan for Grade Levels 1 & 2 OVERVIEW This lesson will focus on Florida’s Spanish and Apalachee heritage, emphasizes the story of early Spanish exploration, and touches on Florida’s current demography. This activity increases student’s awareness of Florida’s early Spanish exploration, cartography, and geography. GOALS 9 The students will be introduced to the naval routes of early Spanish explorers. 9 The student will understand the significance of consequences of early European exploration. 9 The student will become aware that their community has important historical roots. HISTORICAL BACKGROUND lorida’s documented material history of native people dates back more than 12,000 years. In 1513, a new era in Florida history began with the arrival of Juan Ponce de Léon. His convoy of Fexplorers was the first group of Europeans to document such a landing and gave a name to Florida – La Florida. Soon, Spain, England, Portugal, and France were all attempting to set up colonies in the New World in order to create great empires. The legacy of Spanish Florida was further established by Pedro Menéndez when he founded St. Augustine, the oldest continuously inhabited settlement in North America. During the 1600s, called “The Mission Period,” Franciscan friars led Spanish expansion outward from St. Augustine and created more than 100 mission settlements across Florida.