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Book of Abstracts Genetics, Plant Breeding and Seed Production 03 Genetika, oplemenjivanje bilja i sjemenarstvo Zbornik sažetaka 48th Croatian & 8th International Symposium on Agriculture | Dubrovnik | Croatia 54 48. hrvatski i 8. međunarodni simpozij agronoma | Dubrovnik | Hrvatska 55 Genetika, oplemenjivanje bilja i sjemenarstvo Determination of genetic diversity among wild grown apricots from Sakit valley in Turkey using SRAP markers Sezai Ercisli Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Ataturk University 25240 Erzurum, Turkey ([email protected]) Summary Wild grown apricots (Prunus armeniaca L.) are an economically important fruit crop in particular for local peoples living in rural areas in Turkey. This is a multi-purpose fruit tree and besides its fresh edible fruits, is used in diverse ways because they have distinct taste and aroma. Edible fruits of wild apricots has been using from the past till now as dry fruit, process into jam, marmalade, fruit juice etc. in Turkey. Traditional uses and drying of apricot fruits have been found to be of great significance in the socio-economy of local people of these areas. The bitter seeds of wild grown apricots are valuable material for pharmacology to treat cancer. In Turkey, all apricot cultivars are grafted on seedlings obtained from wild apricot seeds. More recently in particular wild grown apricot fruits have been gaining more importance particularly in fruit juice industry in Turkey and there were growing interest to its juices because of its better sugar/acidity balance than cultivated apricots. Sequence-related amplified polymorphism (SRAP) marker was employed first time to analyse genetic diversity of 57 seed propagated early-maturated wild grown apricot genotypes sampled from different parts of Sakit valley in Mediterranean Region of Turkey. Of the total 19 primer combinations investigated, 16 could amplify clearly and consistently. They produced a total of 87 fragments, of which 56 (64.3%) were polymorphic bands. All bands obtained from Me3-Em2, Me2-Em10 and Me2-Em6 primers were polymorphic. The cluster analysis revealed that the 57 genotypes were grouped into three major clusters. The similarity ratio among genotypes was between 0.73 and 0.94. There were no identical genotypes. The study revealed that SRAP marker system was useful in identification and genetic diversity analysis of wild grown apricots. Key words: SRAP, apricot, biodiversity, molecular classification 48. hrvatski i 8. međunarodni simpozij agronoma | Dubrovnik | Hrvatska 79 Genetics, plant breeding and seed production Pad vitalnosti biljaka kukuruza tretiranih s rastućim koncentracijama kadmija u tlu Mario Franić1, Zdenko Lončarić2, Hrvoje Lepeduš1, Vlatka Jurković1, Krunoslav Karalić2, Brigita Popović2, Domagoj Šimić1 1Poljoprivredniinstitut Osijek, Južno predgrađe 17, Osijek, Hrvatska ([email protected]) 2Poljoprivredni fakultet Sveučilišta J.J. Strossmayera u Osijeku, Kralja Petra Svačića 1d, Osijek, Hrvatska Sažetak Kadmij je vrlo toksičan za biljke, topiv je u vodi i stoga se brzo apsorbira u tkiva. Oštećuje fotosintetski aparat i uzrokuje smanjenje količine klorofila. Istraživanja su pokazala da je fluorescencija klorofila a vrlo osjetljiva metoda za utvrđivanje fiziološkog statusa biljaka u nizu situacija. Indeks učinkovitosti (PIABS), izračunat OJIP-testom, kvantificira glavne fotokemijske procese fotosustava II (PSII) i u biti je pokazatelj vitalnosti biljke. Cilj ovog istraživanja bio je analizirati indekse učinkovitosti šest genotipova kukuruza kako bi se utvrdio utjecaj povećanja koncentracije kadmija u tlu na njihovu vitalnost. Sjeme (32 sjemenke po genotipu i četiri sjemenke po loncu) je posađeno u lonce s rastućim koncentracijama kadmija (dodan kao otopina CdCl2) u tlu: kontrola, 0,5, 1, 5 i oko 10 mg/kg tla. Analizirani su parametri OJIP-testa ABS/RC, TR/RC, ET/RC, DI/RC, PIABS. Naši rezultati su pokazali vidljiv pad PIABS sa povećanjem koncentracije kadmija u tlu sa velikim, ali konzistentnim razlikama između šest genotipova. Linija B73 je imala najviše PIABS vrijednosti u svim tretmanima, dok su hibridi, posebno OS602, imali najniže vrijednosti. Na temelju analize pet OJIP-test parametara čini se da je pad vitalnosti biljaka uzrokovan smanjenjem elektron transporta i povećanjem disipacije u fotosintetskom aparatu. Ključne riječi: kukuruz, kadmij, stres, fluorescencija klorofila, OJIP-test 48th Croatian & 8th International Symposium on Agriculture | Dubrovnik | Croatia 80 Genetika, oplemenjivanje bilja i sjemenarstvo Decrease of vitality in maize plants challenged by increasing cadmium concentrations in soil Mario Franić1, Zdenko Lončarić2, Hrvoje Lepeduš1, Vlatka Jurković1, Krunoslav Karalić2, Brigita Popović2, Domagoj Šimić1 1Agricultural institute Osijek, Južno predgrađe 17, Osijek, Croatia ([email protected]) 2Faculty of agriculture, University of J.J. Strossmayer in Osijek, Kralja Petra Svačića 1d, Osijek, Croatia Summary Cadmium is highly toxic to plants, water soluble and consequently promptly absorbed by tissues. It damages the photosynthetic apparatus and causes a decrease in chlorophyll content. Studies have shown that chlorophyll a fluorescence is a very sensitive method for determining physiological status of plants in a range of situations. Performance index (PIABS), provided by the OJIP-test, quantifies the main processes in photosystem II (PSII) photochemistry and is essentially the indicator of plant vitality. The aim of this study was to analyse performance indexes of six maize genotypes in order to determine the effects of increasing cadmium concentrations in soil on their vitality. Seeds (32 seeds per genotype and four seeds per pot) were planted in pots with increasing cadmium (applied as CdCl2 solution) concentrations in soil: control, 0.5, 1, 5, and approximately 10 mg/kg of soil. OJIP-test parameters (ABS/RC, TR/RC, ET/RC, DI/RC, PIABS) were analysed. Our results revealed an apparent decline in PIABS along with increasing cadmium concentrations in soil, whereas large differences among six genotypes were consistent. B73 line had the highest PIABS values throughout the treatments while hybrids, especially OS602, had the lowest values. Based on the analysis of five OJIP-test parameters it seems that the decrease in plant vitality is due to decreased electron transport and increased dissipation in the photosynthetic apparatus. Key words: maize, cadmium, stress, chlorophyll fluorescence, OJIP-test 48. hrvatski i 8. međunarodni simpozij agronoma | Dubrovnik | Hrvatska 81 Genetics, plant breeding and seed production Procjena genetskih parametara stranooplodnih populacija – primjer crvene djeteline Sonja Grljušić1, Gordana Bukvić2, Dejan Agić2, Snježana Bolarić3, Dario Novoselović1 1Poljoprivredni institut Osijek, Južno predgrađe 17, Osijek, Hrvatska ([email protected]) 2Poljoprivredni fakultet Sveučilišta J.J. Strossmayera u Osijeku, Kralja Petra Svačića 1d, Osijek, Hrvatska 3Agronomski fakultet Sveučilišta u Zagrebu, Svetošimunska 25, Zagreb, Hrvatska Sažetak Procjena parametara koji se koriste za opis genetske strukture raspoloživih populacija važan je preduvjet učinkovite selekcije svakoga oplemenjivačkog programa. Procjene se obavljaju različitim tehnikama i metodama čiji izbor ovisi o tipu genetskog srodstva, koje se analizira te primijenjenom eksperimentalnom dizajnu. U ovom radu dan je kratak pregled direktnih metoda koje koriste koncept kovarijance između srodnika te dijele genetsku varijancu na aditivnu, dominantnu i epistatičnu komponentu, kao i metoda najveće vjerodostojnosti koje koriste princip procjene svih mogućih setova vrijednosti parametara za definiranje modela u kojem su procijenjene vrijednosti parametara maksimalno vjerojatne za podatke opažanja. Prikazani su primjeri procjena genetskih parametara različitih populacija više stranooplodnih vrsta. Poseban osvrt dan je procjeni genetskih parametara oplemenjivačkih populacija crvene djeteline kreiranih na Poljoprivrednom institutu Osijek sa svrhom opisa detalja procjene parametara u praksi. Ključne riječi: genetski parametri, metode procjene, crvena djetelina 48th Croatian & 8th International Symposium on Agriculture | Dubrovnik | Croatia 82 Genetika, oplemenjivanje bilja i sjemenarstvo Estimation of genetic parameters in cross fertilized populations – a case of red clover Sonja Grljusić1, Gordana Bukvić2, Dejan Agić2, Snježana Bolarić3, Dario Novoselović1 1Agricultural Institute Osijek, Juzno predgrađe 17, Osijek, Croatia ([email protected]) 2Faculty of Agriculture, University of J.J. Strossmayer in Osijek, Kralja Petra Svačića 1d, Osijek, Croatia 3Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zagreb, Svetošimunska 25, Zagreb, Croatia Summary Estimation of parameters used to describe genetic structure of available populations is an important prerequisite for efficient selection in any breeding program. Estimates are done by variety of techniques and methods which choice depends on the type of genetic relationships involved and experimental design applied. This paper gives a short review of direct methods based on concept of covariance between relatives and used to partition the genetic variance into the additive, dominant and epistatic components, and a methods of maximum likelihood based on principle of estimation of all possible sets of parameter values for a specified model under which the estimated parameter values have the maximum likelihood of obtaining the observed data. Examples of estimation of genetic parameters in different populations of several