Engleski Almirs.Indd
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Bosnia and Herzegovina – Land of Diversity, First national Report of Bosnia and Herzegovina for the Convention on Biodiversity, Sarajevo, 2008 PUBLISHER Federal Ministry of Environment and Tourism FOR PUBLISHER dr. sc. Nevenko Herceg, Minister EDITORIAL BOARD dr. sc. Nevenko Herceg, President Tomislav Lukić, Consultant dr. sc. Sulejman Redžić, Member dr. sc. Senka Barudanović, Member dr. sc. Milenko Radević, Member EDITORS dr. sc. Sulejman Redžić, dr. sc. Senka Barudanović, dr. sc. Milenko Radević TECHNIAL ASSISTANCE Dejan Kulijer EXECUTIVE PUBLISHER Buybook REVIEWERS Prof. dr. Jasenka Topić Prof. dr. Paula Durbešić Prof. dr. Ivica Radović Dr. Viktor Simončić AUTHOR OF PHOTOS dr. sc. Dubravka Šoljan, dr. sc. Čedomil Šilić, dr. sc. Sulejman Redžić, dr. sc. Midhat Usćuplić, Dejan Kulijer, Marinko Dalmatin COVER DESIGN Tomislav Lukić PHOTOS ON COVER: Chapter Diversity of species: Lilium bosniacum, chapter Diversity of Fauna: Tetrao urogallus, chapter Diversity of Fungi and Lichens: Geastrum lageniforme; chapter Diversity of Ecosystems: Maglić, chapter: Specific Landscapes of B&H: Fatničko polje; chapter: Genetic Resources: Punica granatum; chapter: Alien species: Reynoutria japonica, chapter: Management of Biodiversity: Wool Socks, traditional bosnian product TRANSLATION IN ENGLISH Sabina Trakić COMPUTER EDITING AND FOLDING Almir Salkić PRINT Bemust, Sarajevo EDITION 500 FEDERAL MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND TOURISM OverviewPregled and istate stanje of biologicalbiološke i and krajobrazne landscapes raznolikosti diversity in Bosnia Bosne andi Hercegovine Herzegovina BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA —LAND OF DIVERSITY Prvo izvješće Bosne i Hercegovine za Konvenciju o biološkoj raznolikosti First national Report of Bosnia and Herzegovina for the Convention on biological Diversity Studija Bosna i Hercegovina – Zemlja raznolikosti je urađena kroz Global Environment Facility (GEF) projekatThe study IMIS: Bosnia GFL-2328-2716-4850; and Herzegovina PMS: – Land GF/3010-05-06, of Diversity hasfinansiran been accomplished kroz United throughNations theEnvironment Global EnvironmentProgramme (UNEP),Facility (GEF) u cilju project pripreme IMIS: Strategije GFL-2328-2716-4850; i akcionog plana PMS:za zaštitu GF/3010-05-06, biološke i krajobrazne financially supportedraznolikosti by United Bosne Nations i Hercegovine Environment (NBSAP Programme BiH). Izvršna (UNEP), agencija in projekta order to u prepare Bosni i Hercgovinithe Strategy je and Action Plan of Bosnia and HerzegovinaFederalno ministrstvofor Biodiversity okoliša and i turizma.Landscape’s Protection (NBSAP BiH). The executive Agency of the project in Bosnia and Herzegovina is the Federal Ministry of Environment and Tourism. Sarajevo, 2009. UVODINTRODUCTION Smještena na Balkanskom poluotoku, Bosna i Hercegovina je zemlja koja u sebi Bosniaoduvijek and nosi Herzegovina, visoki stupanj the land diverziteta that is situated kultura, on the tijesno Balkan povez Peninsula,an s diverzitetom has been carrying svih highkomponenti diversity našegof culture životnog strongly okoliša. attached to diversity of all environmental components since ever. Biodiverzitet i pejzažna raznolikost BiH karakteriziraju se izrazito visokom razinom Biodiversityjedinstvenosti, and landscape’sendemizma diversity i neponovljivosti, of B&H are characterized što ovom byprostoru high level daje of uniqueness,značaj na endemismregionalnoj and i globalnoj singularity, razini. making Florističko, our territory faunističko important iat boga regionaltstvo and gljiva global naše scale. zemlje ne ogleda se samo u visokom broju ovdje zastupljenih oblika, nego prije svega u visokom Richnessstupnju ofdiferenciranosti our country in termsod srodnika, of its flora, što fauna zasigurno and fungia svjedoči is reflected o vrlo not specifičnim only in great numberprocesima of genezeoccuring života forms, na but ovom also prostoru. in high level of differentiation from kindred species, which witnesses for sure on very specific genesis of life in the area. Diversity of ecosystems placedRaznolikost within mediterranean,ekosustava smještenihsupra-mediterra u nean,mediteranskim, mediterraneo-montane, submediteran upland, skim,high- mountainous,mediteransko-montanim, montane, peripannonian gorskim, and visokoplaninskim, pannonian landscapes brdskim, creates vivid peri imagepanonskim of Bosnia i andpanonskim Herzegovina, pejzažima, as a country stvara that živopisnu was born slikuin diversity. Bosne Moreover, i Hercegovine as a country kao zemlje that fulfills koja jeits existancerođena i opstajeright through upravo the na diversity, raznovrsnosti and as such i koja is je, being kao recognizabletakva, nadaleko in a wide prepoznatljiva. range. RespectingPoštujući sve the bogatstvorichness of životalife as whole, i heterogenost and heterogeneity njegovih of formiits forms na onnašem our territory, području, through kroz thedokument document Strategija Strategy of BiH B&H sa with akcionim Action planomPlan for protectionza očuvanje of biological biološke andi pejzaž landscape’sne raznolikosti diversity (2008-2015),, basedzasnovan upon na the studiji study “„B&HBiH – – Zemlja Land of raznolikosti“, diversity“, we nastojimoendeavour utvrditito determine održive the sustainablepravce razvoja development društva direction koji će for nama our society,i budućim which shallgeneracijama ensure high osi qualitygurati of kvalitetulife in the preservedživljenja u environment očuvanom okolišu.for both us and generations to come. For it has been a signatory of the Convention on biological Diversity since 2002, Bosnia and Kao potpisnica Konvencije o biološkoj raznolikosti, Bosna i Hercegovina od 2002. Herzegovina follows the world trend regarding protection and sustainable use of biodiversity. godine slijedi svjetske trendove u očuvanju i održivom korištenju biodiverziteta. Assigning our forces to the activities undertaken as a contribution to Targets 2010, we Pridružujući svoje snage akcijama koje se poduzimaju u okviru Ciljeva 2010, nastojali endeavoured to recognize, emphasize and re-direct all pressures araising upon biodiveristy and smo uočiti, istaknuti i preusmjeriti pritiske na biodiverzitet i pejzaže BiH, kako bi landscapes in B&H, in order to minimize the identified and possible threats of biodiversity loss utvrđene i potencijalne opasnosti od gubitka biodiverziteta sveli na mjeru održivosti. to sustainable level. TheUspostava establishment Strategije of i Strategyakcionog and plana Action za očuvanjePlan for protectionpejzažne raznof biologicalolikosti, zasnovanaand landscape’s na diversityznanstvenim was based rezultatima on scientific većeg results broja obtained stručnjaka by a large iz cijele team zemljeof experts, dio from je allukupnih over the country.aktivnosti This i nastojanja shall be considered Bosne i Hercegovine as a deal in actions da, svojim and attempts promijen ofjenim Bosnia odnosom and Herzegovina prema tookolišu, take an zauzme appropriate odgovarajuće position within mjesto the u processprocesu of europskih the European integra integration,cija. enforced by its changed attitude toward the environment. Članovi ekspertnog tima projekta, potpuno svjesni važnosti i značaja projektiranja Strategije,Members of pripremili the Project’s su expert obuhvatnu team, fully studiju, aware kojom of significance se po prvi and p importanceut daje cjelovit that pregleddesigning biološkeof the Strategy i pejzažne posseses, raznolikosti have prepared BiH. encompassingStudija je poslužila study, which kao kvalitetnahas, for the osnova first time, za uspostavubrought a complete ciljeva, čijimoverview će dostizanjem of biological naša and zajednicalandscape’s imati diversity veće inmogućnosti B&H. The razvoja, study was a prirodneapplied as vrijednosti a qualitative biti base očuvane for projection na sadašnjoj of targets, razini. whose accomplishment would provide more developmental options for a local community, leaving natural values preserved in their Studijomcurrent state. istaknute tradicionalne vrijednosti, sadržane u starim znanjima i praksama, a čiji je gubitak evidentan i na globalnoj razini, danas predstavljaju potencijal kojim Bosna iTraditional Hercegovina values može contained otvoriti in oldpotpuno knowledge nove and pravce practices razvoja which i naćiwere svojeunderlined mjesto in thena svjetskimstudy, and tržištimawhose loss zdrave became hrane, obvious fitofarmacije on global scale, i ekoturizma. represent today a potential that could open completely new development direction for Bosnia and Herzegovina and help it to find its place on the world market of healthy food, phytopharmaceutics and ecotourism. By afore mentioned documents, Bosnia and Herzegovina sets a clear route for actions in the field of Danim dokumentima, Bosna i Hercegovina uspostavlja jasne pravce djelovanja u natureoblasti management upravljanja whichprirodom, is, on kojione hand,su s jedne independent strane neovisni on short-termed o kratkoročnim socio-political društveno- events, whilepolitičkim on the događanjima, other, it is firmly a sattached druge tostrane sustainable čvrsto progress povezani in existing s održ economicivim napretkom sectors of ourpostojećih society. gospodarskih sektora našeg društva. The Federal Ministry of Environment and Tourism bears the responsibility of present moment towardS aspekta the B&H’sočuvanja future prirode,quality, in odgovornostterms of nature sadašnjeg protection, trenutkafor it is a focalprem pointa kvaliteti for the implementationbudućnosti BiH, of nosithe Convention Federalno onministarstvo biological Diversity