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RE – Judaism – Beliefs and Practices

RE – Judaism – Beliefs and Practices

RE – – Beliefs and Practices Key words 6 1 4 Differences in Tradition Religious Dress The Contains the word of God • The – often called a skull- cap is worn by • . A belief in the oneness of God (Central message in the Shema prayer) Orthodox : Believe the Torah word for Jewish males as a sign of . Some . The Shema A prayer declaring the Jewish faith said by many twice a day. The shema says that word, are more traditional, services in Hebrew believe it is respectful to God to cover your God is personal and demands love with every aspect of their being. and don’t believe that laws can be changed. It head. is tradition to wear a Kippah. Differences in Tradition • The tallith – also known as the prayer shawl, is Tenakh 24 collected books of the Jewish . It is in three sections: Torah, Nevi’im and Differences in Tradition traditionally worn by Jewish men at morning Orthodox Jews: Believe the Torah word for Reform Jews: keeps traditions, but updates Orthodox Jews: Believe the Torah word for prayer, festivals and on the Sabbath. It is worm word, are more traditional, services in them to suit modern life. They don’t believe to remind Jews of the An agreement or promise. Hebrew and don’t believe that laws can be God wrote the Torah and they believe that word, are more traditional, services in which they are expected to follow. The laws can be changed. Hebrew and don’t believe that laws can be Mitzvot Commandments changed. commandments are represented by the 613 changed.fringes known as the . Agape Unconditional, selfless love (The love that Jesus taught). Liberal Jews: tries to bring Judaism and • The - a set of small black leather boxes modernity together. They are more radical containing scrolls of inscribed with Jewish place of worship which means ‘assemble or gather together’ than Reform and they believe that all verses from the Torah. They are worn by teachings and beliefs should be brought up to observant adult males during weekday morning Congregational worship that requires at least 10 Jewish men. date. prayers

Shabbat Holy Day of spiritual renewal which takes place on Friday at sundown to sundown on Saturday. 5 The Jewish Home 7 The Shema and respect for God Shul School • Important and valued Reciting the Shema Torah word for word, are more • A place of worship The Jewish Festival of Lights celebrated for 8 days in November or December traditional, services in Hebrew • on every door frame The is the most ancient in the and don’t believe that laws can Torah. It affirms that there is only one God. It states that God is Mezuzah Small case containing a scroll of parchment inscribed with the words of the Shema • Observe many traditions at home personal and demands love from all with every aspect of their be changed.such as Menorah A seven-branched candelabrum which is lit daily in the temple. • Menorah in every window during being. It also says that Jews should follow his instructions and Hanukka allow love to be seen. The Shema must be recited every morning and evening. Jews will cover their eyes with their right 2 The teachings of the Shema hand, as a sign of concentration. 3 The Synagogue God as merciful – God is forgiving, and although he knows of God and Art sins people have committed he doesn’t always punish them. The Jewish place of worship which is at the centre of the

God as Law giver – Many believe that God has given laws community and life. The functions of the Synagogue can be Idolatry means to worship an image or created object. This is that have to be observed which are found in the Tenakh. God divided into social, educational and worship. seen as a sin in Judaism. For this reason God will not be demands that Jews follow his instructions and show their Jews gather to: represented in any art form. This law is the second of appreciation of him visibly. Pray as a community- Most Jews visit at least once a week and SJHSCommandments. The belief is that Abraham, Noah and Mosses entered observant Jews go every evening.

covenants with God. There are two covenants 1) God will Study- learn Hebrew, about the Torah, Kosher food laws and Bar G-d teach people how to live. 2) Jews will only worship on God Mizvah classes

and obey his commandments. (Mizvot) Celebrate different rites of passage and festivals –Bar Mizvah, God is so important care must be taken when using his name as God as judge weddings and funerals it is sacred and therefore different to any other word. Jews believe that God is responsible for: Punishing , Assemble as a community- social gatherings and activities almost

rewarding and forgiving . Jews believe that God is judging like a town hall Many Jews will write the word as G-d so that God’s name is not humans every moment of every day and cares about how disrespected if the paper is damaged. Many Jews will not speak people treat one another. There prayer hall where the Torah is kept is the most important part of the Synagogue or write his name except in prayer and in Torah scrolls.

RE – Judaism – Worship

1 Inside the Synagogue 3 The Kosher Kitchen 3 Shabbat Aron Hakodesh – the ark Shabbat is the most important day of worship

This is the most important place inside the Synagogue, as this is where the Torah . at home. It is celebrated every Friday at Means fit, proper or correct. It refers to Jewish food and is kept. If the door of the ark is open it is a symbol that the prayer is important. sunset to sunset Saturday in order to dietary laws.. Orthodox Jews stick to the laws however, The door is often opened for certain prayers during Yon Kippur (day of remember the Sabbath. some Reform Jews choose not to. atonement) and ( The Jewish New Year). Families celebrate in their own way but most Kosher included a lot of preparation. The term refers to foods that Jews are allowed to eat. The Torah scrolls are the holiest object in Judaism and contain 613 laws given to Friday: Kosher foods include: by God. They are dressed in a mantle (velvet cloth) with a silver breast • House cleaned • All fruit and vegetables ( they have to be washed) place and crowns. The (pointer) is used to read the scroll as it should not be • Food cooked • Animals with split hooves touched by a human hand.. Over the year the whole scroll is read in sequence. • All jobs finished before sunset • Chicken Shabbat starts with a service at the • Duck Ner Tamid- eternal light which is symbolic of the menorah used in the ancient Synagogue followed by a meal at home. The • Turkey Temple in table is covered with a white cloth and there • Fish the have both fins and scales Is situated at the front if the Synagogue above the ark. Traditionally it was an oil are two Shabbat candles on top. There is a lamp, but it is often an electric lamp. It always burns . glass of wine at every seat and in the a plate Shechitah containing the challah bread covered with a Animals are only considered Kosher if they have been The Bimah cloth is in the middle. Differences in Tradition slaughtered in a way that causes the least amount of pain. The raised platform where the Torah is read and where services are delivered. At sunset the mother lights the candles and says a prayer. The father blesses the children Orthodox Jews: Believe the Torah Tereif The and says (the over the word for word, are more traditional, Foods that are forbidden. Are ten rules that God gave Moses on . They are part of the 613 wine). Then the challah is blessed. services in Hebrew and don’t believe commandments. The ten commandments are mentioned twice in the Torah and that laws can be changed. Combining foods provide the foundations of Jewish law. They are read aloud three times a year, as Benefits of observing Shabbat: Some combinations of food are forbidden. Exodus 23:19- Do well as during the festival of . • Quality time with family not cook a young goat in its mother’s milk. This means you • A break from work and technology can not eat meat and dairy products together. Some leave a Menorah • Time to think about their religious beliefs gap of three hours Seven branched candle . The design was instructed to Moses by God. • Obeying two of the Mizvot and well as Between eating milk and dairy. remembering the freedom of the Seating Parev Traditionally men and women are not allowed to sit together, as it was believed Means neutral and refers to food that are not meat of dairy. to cause distraction. In reform men and women sit together . Challenges: • Have to leave work or school early Different families have different rules about the extent to SJHS• Lots of preparation which they keep a Kosher kitchen.

2 Ordination of Avot Melakhah (prohibited tasks) Orthodox Jews uses different utensils, fridges, dishwashers • No work for preparation of meat and dairy. Others will just ensure • No cooking they are not eaten together and some Liberal Jews don’t Torah word for word, are more traditional, services in Hebrew • Ordained by a Jewish religious leader • No driving observe the law at all. • Traditionally only men can be ordained and don’t believe that laws can be changed. • No phones • Orthodox women can not become a Rabbis • No handling of money • Reform movement is more relaxed, but women can’t be counted in • No laundry the Minyan

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