COMMON FLOWERING WORLD SCIENTIFIC NAME LIFE HISTORY HABITAT AT ABS DISTRIBUTION AT ABS NAME TIME DISTRIBUTION FERNS & FERN ALLIES BLECHNACEAE Blechnum serrulatum L.C. Rich. Swamp Fern Perennial, All year FL, West Indies, Occasional Lake Annie shore, SW, Hufty, Harris, Price, terrestrial, American tropics swamps, ditches in pine Watters creeping rhizomes flatwoods & main grounds

Woodwardia virginica (L.) Smith Virginia Chain Perennial, Jan.-Jun. e US to FL on Coastal Occasional to abundant in SW,NW,18,19,30,31, (Anchistea virginica (L.) C. Presl.) Fern terrestrial Plain, West Indies, swales, along shore of Lake Hufty, Price, Watters Bermuda Annie & in seasonal ponds DENNSTAEDTIACEAE Hypolepis repens (L.) Presl Flakelet Fern Perennial, Summer-Fall c & s FL, West Indies, S. Rare Price terrestrial America Pteridium aquilinum (L.) Kuhn* (Pteris Bracken fern Perennial, All year Cosmopolitan, temperate Locally common in scrub, NE, NW, SW, 7, 18, Hufty, latiuscula Desv., misapplied) (Pteris rhizomatous & tropical regions; several scrubby flatwoods, sandhill & Price caudata L.) geographical varieties disturbed areas

LYCOPODIACEAE Lycopodiella alopecuroides (L.) Cranfill Foxtail Perennial, Sep.-Nov. Coastal Plain, FL to MS & Local in seasonal ponds within NW (Lycopodium alopecuroides L.) Clubmoss homosporous NY, S. America bayheads & moist low flatwoods

Lycopodiella appressa (Chapm.) Cranfill Southern Perennial, Oct.-Nov. Coastal Plain & Piedmont, Local in seasonal ponds within NW (Lycopodium appressum (Chapm.) F.E. Clubmoss homosporous N. England & LA bayheads & moist low flatwoods Loyd & Underw.) Lycopodiella caroliniana (L.) Pic. Serm. Slender Perennial, All year FL, GA, AL, VA Rare, on moist muck, North Hufty (Lycopodium carolinianum L.) Clubmoss homosporous shore of Lake Annie (Pseudolycopodiella caroliniana (L.) Holub.) NEPHROLEPIDACEAE Nephrolepis exaltata (L.) Schott Boston Fern Perennial, All year peninsular FL, TX, Common along margins of SW, Price terrestrial or Mexico, West Indies, palmetto scrub, main grounds epiphytic pantropical OSMUNDACEAE Osmunda cinnamomea L. Cinnamon Perennial, Dec.-Feb. FL to TX, NM, MN, Common in bayheads & very NE, NW, SW, 7, 18, 30, Fern macrophyllous, Newfoundland, West low pine flatwoods Hufty, Watters heteromorphous Indies, tropical America, Asia; Status: CE

Page 1 COMMON FLOWERING WORLD SCIENTIFIC NAME LIFE HISTORY HABITAT AT ABS DISTRIBUTION AT ABS NAME TIME DISTRIBUTION Osmunda regalis (Willd.) A.Gray var. Royal Fern Perennial, All year FL, N. America, West Common in swamps, occasional SW, NW, Hufty, Price, spectabilis (Willd.) A. Gray macrophyllous, Indies, Mexico, Asia; in bayheads Harris, Watters heteromorphous Status: CE POLYPODIACEAE Phlebodium aureum (L.) J. Smith Golden Perennial, All year s & c FL, West Indies, On Sabal palmetto & Serenoa SE, SW, NE, Hufty (Polypodium aureum L.) Polypody epiphytic or Mexico, S. America repens, Main Dr, Lake Annie Occasional shore & main grounds saxicolous or terrestrial, creeping rootstock Pleopeltis polypodioides (L.)E.G.Andrews Resurrection epiphytic All year s FL, FL Keys, TX, MO, n Rare epiphyte on oak & hickory SW, SE, NE & Windham var. michauxiana (Weath.) Fern to DE West Indies, in scrubby flatwoods E.G. Andrews & Windham. (Polypodium Mexico, C. & S, America, polypodioides (L.) Watt. subsp. Africa michauxianum Weath)

PTERIDACEAE [including Adiantaceae, Parkeriaceae] Ceratopteris pteridoides (Hook.) Hieron. Water Horn Annual, rooted Jan.-Jul. FL, West Indies Locally common in drainage SW Fern emergent aquatic ditches SALVINIACEAE Salvinia minima Baker (Salvinia Water Perennial, All year FL, tropical America, Locally abundant in stagnant Hufty, Price, Harris, auriculata Aubl., misapplied) (Salvinia Spangles heterosporous, Africa water in Acer swamps & among Watters rotundifolia Willd., misapplied) free-floating reeds along lakeshores aquatic SCHIZAEACEAE Lygodium microphyllum (Cav.) R. Br. Climbing Fern Perennial, climber All Year EXOTIC Occasional in stumps of Lake Hufty Annie, North Shore SELAGINELLACEAE Selaginella arenicola Underw. Sand Spike Perennial, All year FL, GA, AL, TX Locally abundant in scrubby All Tracts except Watters (Selaginella arenicola subsp. acanthonota Moss microphyllous, flatwoods & rosemary scrub, & Harris (Underw.) R.M. Tryon) (Selaginella heterosporous common on firelanes acanthonota Underw.)

Page 2 COMMON FLOWERING WORLD SCIENTIFIC NAME LIFE HISTORY HABITAT AT ABS DISTRIBUTION AT ABS NAME TIME DISTRIBUTION THELYPTERIDACEAE Thelypteris interrupta (Willd.) Iwatsuki Shield Fern Perennial, All year peninsular FL, West Abundant understory in gum Price (Thelypteris goggilodus (Schkuhr) Small) colonial, creeping Indies, Mexico, C. swamps (Thelypteris totta (Thunb.) Schelpe) rootstock America, S. America, Old World Thelypteris kunthii (Desv.) Morton Southern Perennial, All year FL to SC, Gulf States to Common in seasonal ponds, NE, NW, SW, 7, 18, 30 (Thelypteris macrorhizoma E.P. St. John) Shield Fern terrestrial, TX, West Indies, tropical drainage ditches & swales (Thelypteris normalis (C. Christ.) Moxley) decumbent America (Thelypteris saxatilis R.P. St. John) rootstock (Thelypteris unca R.P. St. John) VITTARIACEAE Vittaria lineata (L.) J. Smith Shoestring Perennial, All year s & c FL, disjunct in GA; Rare epiphyte on Serenoa repens NW, SW Fern epiphyte mostly Mexico to West Indies to on Sabal Paraguay palmetto GYMNOSPERMS PINACEAE Pinus clausa (Chapm. ex Engelm.) Vasey Sand Pine Perennial, Dec.-Feb. sw FL to s AL, coastal & Common on sandhills, All except Watters & ex Sarg. (Pinus clausa var. immuginata D. evergreen, interior dunes occasional in flatwoods & Harris B. Ward.) monoecious tree, seasonal pond margins fire-sensitive, serotinous cones Pinus elliottii var. densa Little & K. W. South Florida Perennial, Feb.-Mar. ENDEMIC to s peninsular Frequent & ubiquitous All Tracts except Harris Dorman (Pinus caribaea Morelet, Slash Pine evergreen, FL & FL Keys misapplied) (Pinus heterophylla (Elliott) monoecious tree, Sudw.) fire-resistant Pinus palustris Mill. (Pinus australis F. Longleaf Pine Perennial, Spring FL to TX, VA Very rare, sandhills & palmetto- SE, 6, 19E, 31 Michx.) evergreen, wire grass flatwoods monoecious tree, fire-resistant ZAMIACEAE Zamia pumila L. (Zamia angustifolia Coontie, Perennial, shrub, Fall-Winter FL, FL Keys, West Indies Planted along Main Drive & SE, SW Jacq.) (Zamia floridana A. DC.) (Zamia Florida underground stem sparingly escaping integrifolia L. f.) (Zamia silvicola Small) Arrowroot (Zamia umbrosa Small)

Page 3 COMMON FLOWERING WORLD SCIENTIFIC NAME LIFE HISTORY HABITAT AT ABS DISTRIBUTION AT ABS NAME TIME DISTRIBUTION ANGIOSPERMS MONOCOTS AGAVACEAE Yucca filamentosa L. (Yucca filamentosa Adam's Perennial, shrub Mar.-May Coastal Plain & adjacent Occasional in turkey oak SE,SW,7,18,19, var. smalliana (Fernald) Ahle) (Yucca Needle with woody provinces, DE to FL & AL sandhills, oak scrub, & scrubby 30,31,Hufty, Price, flaccida Haw.) caudex flatwoods MacArthur ALISMATACEAE Sagittaria graminea J.G.Sm.* (Sagittaria Coastal Perennial, Nov.-Mar. FL, AL, GA, to NC, West Occasional along seasonal pon SW, 18,19, Hufty,Price chapmanii (J.G. Sm.) C. Mohr.) Arrowhead monoecious with Indies margins, lake shore & wet swales (Sagittaria cycloptera (J.G. Smith) C. corms, Mohr.) stoloniferous Sagittaria isoetiformis J.G. Smith Arrowhead Perennial, Summer s FL, GA Occasional SE shore of Lake Price monoecious with Annie corms, stoloniferous Sagittaria lancifolia L. subsp. lancifolia Giant Perennial, Spring-Fall US, Mexico, C. America, Ditches Watters L. Arrowhead monoecious with West Indies corms, stoloniferous AMARYLLIDACEAE Crinum americanum L. String-lily Perennial, Summer Coastal Plain, GA & FL, Common in marsh Watters bulbous w to s TX Zephyranthes simpsonii Chapm. Rain-lily Perennial, Apr. c & s FL; Status: ST Rare along wet road shoulders NW, 19 (Atamosco simpsonii (Chapm.) Greene) bulbous ARACEAE [including Lemnaceae] Lemna valdiviana Phil. Duckweed Perennial, free- All year Widespread in western Common in slow moving water Hufty, Price floating aquatic hemisphere Peltandra virginica (L.) Schott & Endl. Green Arum Perennial, Apr.-May Nova Scotia & QU, s to Common in very wet swales & 18,30, Hufty, Price, Harris monoecious, FL & LA; w to Ontario, Acer swamps limnocryptophyte MI, MO & TX ARECACEAE Sabal etonia Swingle ex Nash Scrub Perennial, shrub, May-Jun. ENDEMIC to peninsular Common in scrubby flatwoods, All Tracts except Harris, Palmetto protandrous, FL; turkey oak sandhills, scrubby Watters flowers flatwoods & oak scrub Sabal palmetto (Walter) Lodd. ex Schultes Cabbage Palm Perennial, tree Spring-Summer Coastal Plain, FL to NC, Occasional, sparingly escaping SE,NE,NW. Along ditches, (Sabal jamesoniana Small) West Indies along Hill Drive, occasional in Hufty bayheads

Page 4 COMMON FLOWERING WORLD SCIENTIFIC NAME LIFE HISTORY HABITAT AT ABS DISTRIBUTION AT ABS NAME TIME DISTRIBUTION Serenoa repens (Bartr.) Small Saw Palmetto Perennial, shrub, Jan.-Mar. Coastal Plain, SC to FL Common except absent from All Tracts except Harris clonal with large, some bayheads, swales, seasonal persistent ponds rhizomes BROMELIACEAE Tillandsia balbisiana J.A. & J.H. Schult. Cuttlefish Perennial, All year FL, Mexico to Panama, Occasional to locally abundant, SE, Hufty acaulescent, West Indies, & n S. epiphytic mostly on oaks rootless, epiphyte America; Status: ST Tillandsia fasciculata Mez var. Clustered Perennial, All year FL, C. America, West Common epiphyte on pines & SW,NW, Price densispica Mez Wild Pine acaulescent, Indies, n S. America; large oaks, Main Drive near rootless, epiphyte Status: SE plaza Tillandsia recurvata (L.) L. Ball-moss Perennial, May-Jun. s US, Mexico to C. Abundant epiphyte on trees & All Tracts (Diaphoranthema recurvata (L.) Beer) caulescent, America, West Indies, scrub rupicolous, Argentina & Chile epiphyte Tillandsia setacea Swartz (Tillandsia Southern Tufted epiphyte May-Jun. FL, West Indies, C. & S. Locally common epiphyte in NW,NE,SE,SW, 30, Hufty tenuifolia L., misapplied) Needle Leaf America scrubby flatwoods Tillandsia usneoides (L.) L. Spanish Moss Perennial, Feb.-May VA & TN to FL & TX, Common epiphyte in various All Tracts (Dendropogon usneoides (L.) Raf.) rootless, West Indies, tropical & habitats on trees & shrubs branching, subtropical America pendent, epiphyte Tillandsia utriculata L. Giant Air Perennial, Feb.-May FL & Mexico to West Occasional epiphyte on large NE,SE,NW,SW, 19, Hufty, Plant acaulescent Ligni Indies, C. & S. America; trees Price & rupicolous Status: SE BURMANNIACEAE Apteria aphylla (Nutt.) Barnhart ex Small Nodding Nixie Perennial herb Dec.-Jan. FL to TX, West Indies Rare in bayheads 7

Burmannia biflora L. Burmannia Annual Jan. Coastal Plain, VA to FL & Occasional, wet swales 18 TX, SA Burmannia capitata (Walter) Mart. Southern Annual Nov.-Jan. Coastal Plain, VA to FL & Locally abundant, margins of 31 Burmannia TX, West Indies, S. seasonal ponds & swales America COMMELINACEAE Callisia ornata (Small) G. C. Tucker Roseling Perennial Feb.-Mar. ENDEMIC to peninsular Rare, scrubby flatwoods, SE,SW,18,19, 30,31 (Cuthbertia ornata Small) FL flatwoods & rosemary scrub Commelina diffusa Burm. f.* Common Day- Annual, ruderal Jan.-Oct. s US & tropical & warm Common weed in lawns, rareon SW, 18 (Commelina longicaulis Jacq.) flower regions world-wide muck in flatwoods & swales (Commelina gigas Small)

Page 5 COMMON FLOWERING WORLD SCIENTIFIC NAME LIFE HISTORY HABITAT AT ABS DISTRIBUTION AT ABS NAME TIME DISTRIBUTION Commelina erecta L. (Commelina erecta Day-flower Perennial Mar.-Oct. FL to TX, NJ to NE, AZ, Common in turkey oak sandhills, All Tracts subsp. angustifolia (Michx.) Fernald) NC, West Indies scrub, margins of scrubby (Commelina elegans Kunth) (Commelina flatwoods & firelanes angustifolia Michx.) Tradescantia roseolens Small Spiderwort Perennial Sep.-Oct.; Feb.- ENDEMIC to peninsular Occasional along firelanes & in 7,18,31,Hufty, Price (Tradescantia longifolia Small) Mar. FL scrubby flatwoods CYPERACEAE Bulbostylis barbata (Rottb.) Clarke Watergrass Annual Jul.-Sep. EXOTIC (Native to Old Common in gardens, sandy SE,SW, 7,18, 18E,19,19E (Stenophyllus barbatus (Rottb.) T. Cooke) World ) roadsides, firelanes & open scrub

Bulbostylis ciliatifolia (Ell.) Fern. Capillery Annual or Mar.-Jul. Coastal Plain, se VA to FL Abundant along firelanes & in All Tracts (Bulbostylis cilitifolia var. coarctata Hairsedge perennial & TX, Cuba open sand in oak-rosemary scrub (Elliott) Kral) (Stenophyllus coarctatus (Elliott) Britton) (Stenophyllus ciliatifolius (Elliott) C. Mohr) (Stenophyllus carteri Britton) Bulbostylis stenophylla (Ell.) Clarke Sandy Field Annual Jul.-Oct. Coastal Plain, NC to s FL, Abundant garden weed SW (Stenophyllus stenophyllus (Elliott) Hairsedge FL panhandle, Cuba Britton) Bulbostylis warei (Torr.) Clarke Ware's Perennial Jul.-Sep. Coastal Plain, se NC to s Common in scrubby flatwoods & 6,7,18, Price, MacArthur (Stenophyllus warei (Torr.) Britton) Hairsedge FL & FL panhandle open sand firelanes, occasional in open oak scrub Carex alata Torr. Broadwing Perennial, Mar.-May MA, NY, PA, s to c Occasional on ditch banks, pond SW, 18 Sedge cespitose peninsular FL, w to TX, margins IN, MI Carex longii Mack. (Carex albolutescens Long's Sedge Perennial, Spring-Summer Nova Scotia to IN, MI & Occasional in muck, main SW Schwein., misapplied) (Carex straminea cespitose Saskatchewan, s to c FL, grounds Willd. Ex Schkuhr, misapplied) w to se TX, tropical America Cladium jamaicense Crantz (Cladium Sawgrass Perennial, Summer-Fall Coastal Plain, VA to FL & Price mariscus subsp. jamaicense (Crantz) stoloniferous, TX, West Indies, Mexico, Kük.) (Mariscus jamaicensis (Crantz) paludal tropical America Britton ex Small) Cyperus compressus L. Poorland Annual or short- Jul.-Oct. Coastal Plain & Piedmont, Occasional weed of gardens & SW, 7,18,19 Flatsedge lived perennial, DE to s FL, TX, se MO, firelanes cespitose

Page 6 COMMON FLOWERING WORLD SCIENTIFIC NAME LIFE HISTORY HABITAT AT ABS DISTRIBUTION AT ABS NAME TIME DISTRIBUTION Cyperus croceus Vahl (Cyperus retrorsus Baldwin's Perennial Jul.-Sep. NJ to s Fl, w to TX, OK & Common weed of disturbed areas SE,7, Hufty subsp. robustus (Boeck.) Kük.) (Cyperus Flatsedge MO, tropical America such as gardens, firelanes & multiflorus (Britton) Small) (Cyperus lakeshores globulosus Aubl. misapplied)

Cyperus distinctus Steud. Swamp Perennial, short- May-Jul. Coastal Plain se SC to s Occasional in ditches & swales SW, 18, Hufty Flatsedge rhizomatous FL & w into Apalachicola & low flatwoods

Cyperus erythrorhizos Muhl. (Cyperus Redroot Annual, tufted, May-Jun. MA to Ontario, WI, SD, s Occasional in muck of seasonal SW, Hufty halei Torr.ex Britton) Flatsedege colonizer to s FL, TX, w to CA, OR, ponds & ditches WA & UT Cyperus filiculmis Vahl (Cyperus Wiry Perennial Apr.-Jul. NH, Ontario, to MN, TX Occasional in disturbed sand in SE martindalei Britton) Flatsedge & FL turkey oak sandhills Cyperus haspan L. Haspan Perennial, May-Aug. se VA to s FL, w to TX, Common in muck of seasonal SW, 18 Flatsedge uliginous TN, pantropical ponds Cyperus lecontei Torr. Leconte's Perennial, Apr.-Oct. Coastal Plain, se NC to s Locally abundant along low 7,18,30,31, Hufty, Price Flatsedge rhizomatous, FL, w to LA muck firelanes colonial Cyperus ligularis L. Large Cyperus Perennial May-Aug. c & s FL, tropical Rare, in swales & along drainage SW, 18 America, Africa ditches Cyperus odoratus L. (Cyperus odoratus Fragrant Annual Apr.-Jun. MA to MN, generally s to Occasional in ditches, marshes & SW, 18 subsp. engelmannii (Steud.) S.D. Jones et Flatsedge FL, TX, w to CA, tropical swales al.) (Torulinium confertum Desv. ex Ham.) America (Cyperus speciosus Vahl) (Cyperus longispicatus Norton) (Cyperus ferruginescens Boeck.) (Cyperus ferax Rich.) (Cyperus engelmannii Steud.)

Cyperus polystachyos Rottb. (Cyperus Panicled Perennial, Spring-Fall MA to s FL, w to TX, n to Sandy beach along lakeshore Price polystachyos var. texensis (Torr.) Fernald) Cyperus cespitose MO, pantropical (Cyperus careyi Britton ex Small) (Cyperus filicinus Vahl, misapplied) (Cyperus microdontus Torr.) (Cyperus paniculatus Rottb.)

Page 7 COMMON FLOWERING WORLD SCIENTIFIC NAME LIFE HISTORY HABITAT AT ABS DISTRIBUTION AT ABS NAME TIME DISTRIBUTION Cyperus retrorsus Chapm. (Cyperus Pinebarren Perennial May-Aug. Chiefly Coastal Plain, NY Common in wet depressions of SE,SW, 7, 18, 19 Price, retrorsus subsp. deeringianus (Britton & Flatsedge to s. FL, w to TX, c TN low flatwoods & adjacent MacArthur Small ex Small) Fernald & Griscom) firelanes (Cyperus boldgettii Torr.) (Cyperus deeringianus Britton & Small ex Small) (Cyperus litoreus (C.B. Clarke) Britton ex Small) (Cyperus nashii Britton ex Small) (Cyperus ovularis (Michx.) Torr. var. cylindricus (Elliott) Torr.) (Cyperus pollardii Britton ex Small) (Cyperus winkleri Britton & Small ex Small) Cyperus rotundus L. Nut-grass Perennial, Apr.-May EXOTIC (Native to Common garden weed SE rhizomatous, Eurasia), NY to s FL, w to tuberous colonial TX, warm regions Cyperus surinamensis Rottb. tropical Perennial, All year Coastal Plain, SC to s FL, Ditches near marsh Watters Flatsedge taphrophyte w to TX, tropical America, West Indies Eleocharis baldwinii (Torr.) Chapm. Roadgrass Perennial, Jan.-May Coastal Plain, NC to FL, Common, margins of seasonal NW,SW, 18,19,30, Hufty, (Eleocharis capillacea Kunth, misapplied) stoloniferous w to LA ponds in flatwoods & lakeshores Price

Eleocharis elongata Chapm. Slim Spike Perennial, Mar.-Apr. FL, adjacent GA & AL, Common in swales, along 7,18, Hufty Rush helophyte Jamaica lakeshores Eleocharis geniculata (L.) Roem. & Canada Spike Annual Feb.-Mar. SC to FL, w to CA, n to Common in drainage ditches SW Schult. (Eleocharis capitata R. Br.) Rush Great Lakes Basin, (Eleocharis caribaea (Rottb.) S.F. Blake) pantropical

Eleocharis microcarpa Torr. (Eleocharis Smal Fruit Annual Feb.-Mar. Coastal Plain, MA to FL Common in drainage ditches SW brittonii Svenson ex Small) (Eleocharis Spike Rush & TX, TN & IN, West torreyana Boeck) Indies Eleocharis minima Kunth (Eleocharis Small Spike Perennial, All year Rare, GA, FL to TX & Common in seasonal ponds 19 bicolor Chapm.) (Eleocharis uncialis Rush stoloniferous CA, Mexico, tropical Chapm. ex Small) America Eleocharis nana Kunth Hairlike Spike Annual Mar.-May c pen FL, Cuba, S. Common, margins of seasonal 7, 18 Rush America ponds Eleocharis vivipara Link (Eleocharis Viviparous Perennial, Mar.-May Coastal Plain, SE VA to Rare, seasonal ponds in low SW, 18 prolifera Torr.) Spike Rush rhizomatous FL flatwoods Fimbrystylis caroliniana (Lam.) Fern. Carolina Perennial, Jul.-Aug. Coastal Plain, NJ to FL Common in burnt-over scrubby 18, 19 (Fimbrystylis harperi Britton ex Small) Fimbry rhizomatous Keys, w in Gulf states to flatwoods

Page 8 COMMON FLOWERING WORLD SCIENTIFIC NAME LIFE HISTORY HABITAT AT ABS DISTRIBUTION AT ABS NAME TIME DISTRIBUTION Fuirena scirpoidea Michx. (Fuirena Umbrella- Perennial, Dec.-May Coastal Plain, GA, FL to Occasional to locally abundant, SW, 7,18,31, Hufty, Price, longa Chapm.) sedge rhizomatous se TX, Cuba margins of seasonal ponds, along MacArthur, Watters lakeshores Rhynchospora cephalantha Gray Bunched Perennial, Feb.-May Chiefly Coastal Plain, NJ Common in seasonal ponds SW, 7,18,19,30, 31, (Rhynchospora axillaris (Lam.) Britton, Beaksedge cespitose to s FL, w to LA MacArthur, Watters missapplied) (Rhynchospora cephalantha var. pleiocephala Fernald & Gale)

Rhynchospora fascicularis (Michx.) Vahl Fascicled Perennial, Apr.-May Coastal Plain, se VA to s Common in seasonal ponds 7, 18, Hufty, MacArthur, (Rhynchospora fascicularis subsp. distans Beaksedge cespitose FL, w to se TX, AK Watters (Michx.) Chapm.) (Rhynchospora distans (Michx.) Vahl) Rhynchospora microcephala (Britton) Littlehead Perennial, Summer-Fall Coastal Plain, NJ to c Wet sand along lakeshore Price Britton ex Small (Rhynchospora Beaksedge cespitose peninsular FL, w to MS, cephalantha var. microcephala (Britton) Cuba Kük) Rhynchospora fernaldi Gale Threadleaf Perennial, Summer-Fall s GA to c peninsular FL, Common along firelanes 18 Beaksedge cespitose w to s AL Rhynchospora filifolia Gray Beak-rush Perennial, May NJ to s c FL, w to e TX, Locally common in seasonal 7, 18 (Rhynchospora fuscoides C.B. Clarke, cespitose, Cuba ponds misapplied) colonizer Rhynchospora intermedia (Chapm.) Pine Barren Perennial Spring-Summer Coastal Plain, NC to FL, Occasional in swales 6 Britton Beaksedge w to se TX, Cuba, C. America Rhynchospora inundata (Oakes) Fern. Narrow Fruit Perennial, Jun.-Sep. e MA to s & w FL Occasional, seasonal ponds 18, Watters (Rhynchospora careyana Fernald) Horned colonizer, Beaksedge stoloniferous Rhynchospora megalocarpa Gray Large-seeded Perennial, Mar.-Apr. NC to c FL Occasional in flatwoods, oak SW,SE,NE,7,18, (Rhynchospora dodecandra Baldwin ex A. Beaksedge cespitose scrub & scrubby flatwoods 19,31,Hufty, MacArthur Gray) Rhynchospora microcarpa Baldw. ex Small-fruited Perennial, Apr.-May Coastal Plain, NC to s FL, Occasional in bayheads, seasonal NW, 7, 18, Hufty Gray (Rhynchospora edisoniana Britton ex Beaksedge cespitose w to TX; Bahamas, Cuba, ponds & swales Small) Puerto Rico, Hispaniola

Rhynchospora pusilla Chapm. ex M. A. Fairy Annual, tufted Spring-Fall Coastal Plain, N.C. to S. Dry pond margins 18, 30 Curtis (Rhynchospora intermixta C. Beaksedge FL, w. to e. TX, WI Wright)

Page 9 COMMON FLOWERING WORLD SCIENTIFIC NAME LIFE HISTORY HABITAT AT ABS DISTRIBUTION AT ABS NAME TIME DISTRIBUTION Rhynchospora tracyi Britt. Tracy's Perennial, May-Jun. Coastal Plain, SC to FL & Common emergent macrophyte, Hufty, Watters Beaksedge colonizing, MS, West Indies Lake Annie stoloniferous paludal Rhynchospora wrightiana Boeck. Wright's Perennial, Apr.-Jun. Coastal Plain, se NC to c Locally abundant in seasonal NW, 7, 18 (Rhynchospora brachychaeta C. Wright) Beaksedge cespitose FL, w to s AL, Cuba, PR ponds

Scirpus cubensis Poepp. & Kunth Cuban Perennial, free- Winter-Spring FL to TX, tropical On floating vegetation mats Watters Bulrush floating, rooted America, Africa aquatic Scleria ciliata Michx. var. ciliata Michx. Fringed Perennial, Jan.-Jun. se VA to FL & TX Common in scrubby flatwoods, SE,SW, 7,18, MacArthur (Scleria ciliata subsp. elliottii (Chapm.) Nutrush rhizomatous oak scrub & firelanes Fernald) (Scleria ciliata subsp. glabra (Chapm.) Fairey) (Scleria brittonii Core) (Scleria elliottii Chapm.)

Scleria ciliata Michx. var. pauciflora Fewflower Perennial, Jan.-Jun. se VA to FL & TX Common in scrubby flatwoods, SE,SW, 7,18, MacArthur (Muhl. ex Willd.) Kuk. (Scleria pauciflora Nutrush rhizomatous oak scrub & firelanes Muhl. Ex Willd.) (Scleria pauciflora var. caroliniana A. W. Wood)

Scleria reticularis Michx. (Scleria Sessile-spiked Annual May-Jun. MA & NY to FL & TX, Common in seasonal ponds SW, Price reticularis subsp. pubescens Britton) Nutrush IN & MO, tropical (Scleria muhlenbergii Steud.) (Scleria America setacea Poir, misapplied) Scleria triglomerata Michx. Tall Nutrush Perennial, Spring-Fall MA to Ontario & WI, s to Occasional along edges of 18, 18E rhizomatous FL & TX seasonal ponds Websteria confervoides (Poir) Hooper Algal Nutrush Perennial, FL; tropical America Locally abundant in deep water Lake Annie, Hufty (Eleocharis conferviodes (Poir.) T. submerged Koyama) (Websteria submersa (C. Wright) aquatic, rooted in Britton) mud DIOSCOREACEAE Dioscorea bulbifera L. Air-potato Perennial, Mar.-Sep. EXOTIC (Native to Common garden escapee around SW dioecious vine, tropical Asia & Africa) cottages in main grounds area bulbils & tubers

Page 10 COMMON FLOWERING WORLD SCIENTIFIC NAME LIFE HISTORY HABITAT AT ABS DISTRIBUTION AT ABS NAME TIME DISTRIBUTION ERIOCAULACEAE Eriocaulon compressum Lam. Hat Pins Perennial, Nov.-Mar. Coastal Plain, NJ to e FL, Common in seasonal ponds, NW,SW, 7,18,19,30,31 (Eriocaulon compressum var. harperi moneocious w to e TX swales & flatwoods Moldenke) Eriocaulon decangulare L. (Eriocaulon Bachelor's Perennial, Chiefly Coastal Plain NJ Rare, in low flatwoods & NW, 7, MacArthur, decangulare var. latifolium Chapm. Ex Buttons moneocious to FL, w to e TX seasonal ponds Watters Moldenke) Lachnocaulon anceps (Walter) Morong Whitehead Perennial tufted May-Sep. Coastal Plain, NJ to FL & Common in low flatwoods & SW,7,18,19, Mac-Arthur (Lachnocaulon floridanum Small) Bog-button moneocious herb e TX palmetto wire grass flatwoods (Lachnocaulon glabrum Körn) Lachnocaulon beyrichianum Sporl. ex Southern Bog- Perennial, Summer Coastal Plain, GA Körn button rhizomatous Lachnocaulon engleri Ruhl. Pipewort Perennial, Nov.-Jan. Outer Coastal Plain, FL, s Locally abundant in many 7,18,31, Hufty, Price (Lachnocaulon engleri var. caulescens moneocious, AL seasonal ponds & on verges Moldenke) ephemeral, helophyte Lachnocaulon minus (Chapm.) Small Hairy Perennial, Nov.-Jan. Coastal Plain, NC to FL, Common in open palmetto-wire SW,18,19 (Lachnocaulon eciliatum Small) Pipewort moneocious, se AL grass flatwoods & low scrubby ephemeral, flatwoods helophyte Syngonanthus flavidulus (Michx.) Ruhl. Bantam- Perennial Dec.-Feb. Chiefly outer Coastal Abundant on low sandy roads, NE,NW,SE, 7,18,19,30,31, buttons moneocious herb Plain, NC to FL, s AL swales & wet prairies Hufty, MacArthur rosettes HAEMODORACEAE Lachnanthes caroliana (Lam.) Dandy Carolina Perennial May-Aug. MA, NJ, NC to FL & MS Common, seasonal ponds & NW,SW,7,18,19,30, 31, (Gyrotheca tinctorum (J. F. Gmel) Salisb.) Redroot, rhizomatous herb other low muck situations Hufty, Price, MacArthur Blood Root HYPOXIDACEAE Hypoxis juncea J.E. Smith Yellow-star Perennial, corm All year Coastal Plain, NC to FL Occasional in scrubby flatwoods, SE,SW,6,7,18,19,30,31, Grass especially in burnt over areas & Hufty roadsides IRIDACEAE Sisyrinchium nashii Bickn. (Sisyrinchium Blue-eyed Perennial, Jan.-Mar. Coastal Plain, FL & AL Occasional in palmetto-wire 7,18,31 arenicola E.P. Bicknell) (Sisyrinchium Grass cespitose grass flatwoods fibrosum E.P. Bicknell) (Sisyrinchium floridanum E.P. Bicknell) (Sisyrinchium fuscatum E.P. Bicknell)

Page 11 COMMON FLOWERING WORLD SCIENTIFIC NAME LIFE HISTORY HABITAT AT ABS DISTRIBUTION AT ABS NAME TIME DISTRIBUTION Sisyrinchium xerophyllum Greene Robust Blue- Perennial, Sep.-Oct. ENDEMIC to peninsular Common in oak scrub, scrubby NE,SE,NW,SW,6,7, (Sisyrinchium solstitiale E.P. Bicknell) eyed Grass cespitose FL flatwoods & palmetto flatwoods 18,18E,19,19E,30, 31, Hufty, Price, MacArthur JUNCACEAE Juncus effusus L. (Juncus effusus L. var. Soft Rush Perennial, Mar.-May Cosmopolitan Occasional in muck, edge of 18 solutus (Fern. & Wieg.) Hämet.-Ahti) rhizomatous, north swales tussocks Juncus marginatus Rostk. (Juncus Grass-leaf Perennial Summer Nova Scotia to MI & SD; Occasional in swales SW,18 aristulatus Michx.) (Juncus biflorus Rush s to s FL & TX; AZ Elliott) Juncus megacephalus M.A. Curtis Large-headed Perennial Coastal Plain, VA to s FL, Occasional in seasonal ponds 30 Rush to se TX Juncus repens Michx. Creeping Rush Perennial aquatic Apr.-May DE to s FL & TX; n to OK Common on pond & lake SW,7,18, Hufty or terrestrial & TN, West Indies bottoms & mucky areas in low flatwoods Juncus scirpoides Lam. Globe Rush Perennial clump- Apr.-Jul. s NY to s FL; w to TX, Common, ditches & pond & lake SW,18,31, Hufty, Price forming rhizomes IN, MI, MO & OK margins LILIACEAE Lilium catesbaei Walter (Lilium catesbaei Catesby's Lily, Perennial, Aug.-Nov. Coastal Plain, se VA to Occasional to common in NW,7, 18, 19,30,31 subsp. asprellum Wherry) (Lilium Pine Lily bulbous FL, w to LA; Status: ST flatwoods, grassy seasonal ponds catesbaei var. longii Fernald) especially after a burn MELANTHIACEAE Schoenocaulon dubium (Michx.) Small Feather-shank Perennial, Jun.-Jul. Coastal Plain, FL & GA Rare in scrubby flatwoods SW,18 scapose herb Stenanthium densum (Desr.) Zomlefer & Crow-poison Perennial, Mar.-Apr. Coastal Plain, se VA to Occasional in swales & dense, 18 Judd (Tracyanthus angustifolius (Michx.) semibulbous FL, w to e TX grassy seasonal ponds Small) (Zigadenus densus (Desr.) Fern.) (Zigadenus leimanthoides A. Gray)

MAYACACEAE Mayaca fluviatilis Aubl. (Mayaca aubletii Bog-moss Perennial, aquatic Jun.-Oct. Coastal Plain, NC to FL, Common in shallow waters of Hufty Michx.) or shore plant w to se TX, tropical Lake Annie America ORCHIDACEAE Calopogon barbatus (Walter) Ames Bearded Grass-Perennial, Feb.-Mar. Coastal Plain, NC to s c Rare, low pine flatwoods 18,19,30,Hufty (Limodorum parviflorum Nash) pink terrestrial, peninsular FL, w to LA scapose, corm

Page 12 COMMON FLOWERING WORLD SCIENTIFIC NAME LIFE HISTORY HABITAT AT ABS DISTRIBUTION AT ABS NAME TIME DISTRIBUTION Calopogon multiflorus Lindl. Multi- Perennial, Apr.-May Coastal Plain, FL to MS; Rare, low open flatwoods Mit 40 (Limodorum pinetorum Small) flowered terrestrial, Status: SE (Limodorum multiflorum (Lindl.) C. Mohr) Grass-pink scapose, corm

Calopogon pallidus Chapm. (Limodorum Pale Grass- Perennial, Apr.-May Coastal Plain, VA to s FL, Rare, borders of seasonal ponds SW pallidum (Chapm.) C. Mohr) pink terrestrial, w to LA in low pine flatwoods scapose, corm Calopogon tuberosus (L.) Britton et al. Grass-pink Perennial, Apr.-May s FL to MN, & e TX, Rare, low pine flatwoods SW (Calopogon pulchellus var. simpsonii terrestrial, Cuba, Bahamas (Small) Ames) (Limodorum tuberosum L.) scapose, corm (Limodorum simpsonii Small) (Calopogon pulchellus R. Br.) Encyclia tampensis (Lindl.) Small Butterfly Perennial, Jun. ENDEMIC to FL; Status: Very rare, epiphytic on Lyonia in SE, NE, Price (Epidendrum tapense Lindl.) Orchid epiphytic, CE oak scrub & on Nyssa in swamps rhizomatous, pseudobulb Eulophia alta (L.) Fawc. & Rendle Wild Coco Perennial, Aug.-Sep. s FL, West Indies, s Mex, Common on sandy roadsides Hufty, Price (Platypus altus (L.) Small) rhizomes, bulbous C. America, S. America, corm Habenaria floribunda Lindl. (Habenaria Funny Face Herb Dec.-Feb. s c FL, s Mexico, c Occasional in bayheads & edges NW,NE,7,Hufty, Price strictissma Rchb. f. var.. odontopetala Orchid America, Cuba, Puerto of swamps (Rchb.f.) L.O. Williams) (Habenella Rico odontopetala (Rchb. f.) Small) (Habenaria odontopetala Rchb. f.)

Habenaria repens Nutt. Water Spider Perennial, free- Sep.-Oct. Coastal Plain, NC to s FL, Rare along pond margins & Hufty,SW, Price, Watters Orchid floating, aquatic TX, West Indies, Mexico, lakeshores or semi-aquatic, C. America, n S. America stoloniferous Platanthera ciliaris (L.) Lindl. Yellow Perennial, Jul.-Aug. Ontario to c peninsular Occasional in low flatwoods Hufty (Blephariglottis ciliaris (L.) Rydb.) Fringed terrestrial, FL, w to s MI; IL, MO, (Habenaria ciliaris (L.) R. Br.) Orchid tuberous AR, e TX; Status: ST Pteroglossaspis ecristata (Fern.) Rolfe Uncrested Perennial, Sep.-Oct. peninsular FL, West Rare, wire grass-palmetto 18 (Eulophia ecristata (Fernald) Ames) Eulophia caulescent, herb, Indies; Status: SE flatwoods (Triorchos ecristatus (Fernald) Small) corm Spiranthes praecox (Walter) S. Wats. Grass-leaved Perennial, Apr.-May Coastal Plain, NJ to s FL, Rare in swales 18,19 (Ibidium praecox (Walter) House) Ladies'-tresses terrestrial, w to e & se TX tuberous herb

Page 13 COMMON FLOWERING WORLD SCIENTIFIC NAME LIFE HISTORY HABITAT AT ABS DISTRIBUTION AT ABS NAME TIME DISTRIBUTION Zeuxine strateumatica (L.) Schltr. Lawn orchid Perennial, All year EXOTIC (Native to Roadsides and lawns Main Drive terrestrial tropical Asia): c & s Fl rhizomatous herb POACEAE Amphicarpum muhlenbergianum Blue Perennial, Jun.-Sep. Coastal Plain, SC to s FL, Locally common in disturbed SW, Hufty, Price, Watters (Schult.) Hitch. (Amphicarpum floridanum Maindencane amphicarpic FL panhandle, s AL scrub Chapm.) Andropogon brachystachyus Chapm. Shortspike Perennial, Oct. se GA, ne, n c & Abundant in seasonal ponds & NE, NW, SW, 7, 18, 19, Bluestem cespitose peninsular FL, FL swales 30, 31, Hufty, MacArthur panhandle Andropogon floridanus Scribn. Florida Perennial, Oct. ENDEMIC to c & s FL Occasional in oak scrub & NE,SE,NW,SW,6,7,18E Bluestem cespitose scrubby flatwoods Andropogon glomeratus (Elliott) C. Bushy Cespitose, Oct. FL to s CA, West Indies, Abundant in seasonal ponds & SW, 7, 18, 19, 30, 31, Mohr* Bluestem perennial Mexico, C. America swales of pine flatwoods Hufty, Price Andropogon glomeratus (Elliott) C. Mohr Bushy Perennial, Oct. FL to s CA, West Indies, Abundant in seasonal ponds & SW, 7, 18, 19, 30, 31, var. glaucopsis (Elliott) C. Mohr Bluestem cespitose Mexico, C. America swales of pine flatwoods Hufty, Price (Andropogon glaucopsis (Elliott) Nash) (Andropogon virginicus var. glaucopsis (Elliott) Hitchc.) Andropogon gyrans Ashe* Bottlebrush Cespitose, Oct.-Nov. FL to NJ Occasional in sand pine scrub SE Bluestem perennial Andropogon ternarius Michx. Splitbeard Perennial, tufted, Oct.-May Coastal Plain, FL to e TX, Margin of sandy firelanes SW,6,7,18, Hufty (Andropogon cabanisii Hack) Bluestem cespitose OK & DE, rarely Blue (Andropogon ternarius var. cabanisii Ridge (Hack.) Fernald & Griscom) Andropogon tracyi Nash Tracy's Perennial, Oct. ENDEMIC to Highlands Occasional in turkey oak SE Bluestem cespitose Co., FL sandhills Andropogon virginicus C.S.Campb. var. Chalky Perennial, Oct. MA to OH, MO, & KS, s Frequent in seasonal ponds & NE,SE,NW,SW,6,7, glaucus Hack. (Andropogon capillipes Bluestem cespitose to FL & TX swales 18,18E,19, 19E, 30,31, Nash) Hufty Aristida stricta var. beyrichiana Trin. & Wiregrass Perennial, tufted, Sep.-Oct. Chiefly Coastal Plain, n c Abundant in low palmetto-wire All except Watter & Price Rupr. D. B. Ward (Aristida stricta Michx., fire-stimulated to s c FL, w to MS grass flatwoods & turkey oak misapplied) flowering sandhill Aristida gyrans Chapm. Corkscrew Perennial, tufted Oct. FL to GA Locally common in disturbed SW, Hufty, Price, Threeawn scrubby flatwoods, occasional in MacArthur rosemary scrub Aristida patula Chapm. ex Nash Tall Threeawn Perennial, short- Aug.-Sep. c peninsular FL, FL Locally common along roadsides 19 rhizomatous panhandle & in flatwoods

Page 14 COMMON FLOWERING WORLD SCIENTIFIC NAME LIFE HISTORY HABITAT AT ABS DISTRIBUTION AT ABS NAME TIME DISTRIBUTION Aristida spiciformis Ell. Bottlebrush Perennial, tufted Oct.-Mar. Coastal Plain, SC to c Occasional in palmetto-wire SW,7,18,19, 30,31,Hufty, Threeawn peninsular FL & MS, grass flatwoods & seasonal MacArthur Cuba, Puerto Rico ponds Axonopus furcatus (Flüeggé) Hitchc. Big Perennial, Summer-Fall Coastal Plain, FL to se VA Rare & local along firelanes 18 Carpetgrass stoloniferous Cenchrus echinatus L. Southern Annual All year Coastal Plain, NC to FL, Common weed in various SE, SW Sandspur AL, NM, tropical disturbed sites America, West Indies Cenchrus spinifex Cav. (Cenchrus Coast Perennial Jun.-Oct. Coastal Plain, FL to TX & Occasional along roadsides & SE, SW, 7 incertus M.A. Curtis) (Cenchrus Sandspur NC firelanes pauciflorus Benth.) (Cenchrus longispinus (Hack.) Fernald) Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers. (Capriola Bermudagrass Perennial, Aug. EXOTIC (Native to Common weed in citrus grove SE dactylon (L.) Kuntze.) rhizomatous, Africa), Pantropical, stoloniferous Cultivated Dactyloctenium aegyptium (L.) Beauv. Crowfootgrass Annual All year EXOTIC (Native to Railroad tracks at rough crossing 7 Europe), Coastal Plain to AZ, ME, NJ, IL, tropical America Dichanthelium aciculare (Desv. ex Poir.) Needle-leaf Perennial, tufted Nov.-Jan. Coastal Plain, NJ to FL, to Abandoned gardens SE Gould & C.A. Clark (Dichanthelium Witchgrass TX, West Indies angustifolium (Elliott) Gould) (Panicum aciculare (Desv. ex Poir.)) (Panicum angustifolium Elliott) (Panicum arenicoloides Ashe) (Panicum fusiforme Hitchc.) (Panicum neuranthum Griseb.) (Panicum pinetorum Swallen)

Dichanthelium dichotomum (L.) Gould Cypress Perennial, knotted Mar.-Apr. N. Brunswick to MI, IL, s Common in pine flatwoods NW,SW,7,18, 19, 31 (Dichanthelium caerulescens (Hack. ex Witchgrass crown to FL & TX Hitchc.) Correll) (Panicum caerulescens Hack. ex Hitchc.) (Panicum dichotomum L.) (Panicum lucidum Ashe) (Panicum microcarpon Muhl. ex Elliott) (Panicum nitidum Lam.) (Panicum roanokense Ashe) (Panicum sphagnicola Nash)

Page 15 COMMON FLOWERING WORLD SCIENTIFIC NAME LIFE HISTORY HABITAT AT ABS DISTRIBUTION AT ABS NAME TIME DISTRIBUTION Dichanthelium erectifolium (Nash) Gould Erectleaf Perennial, tufted Dec.-Feb. Coastal Plain, NC to FL, Common in muck of seasonal 7, 18 & Clark (Panicum erectifolium Nash) w to LA, Cuba ponds in low pine flatwoods

Dichanthelium portoricense (Desv. ex Hemlock Perennial All year Coastal Plain: VA to FL to Locally abundant in seasonal SW, 7, 18, 18E, 19, 30, 31, Ham.) B.F. Hansen & Wunderlin Wiregrass TX, West Indies, C. ponds, flatwoods & scrubby Hufty (Dichanthelium sabulorum (Lam.) Gould America flatwoods & C.A. Clark, misapplied) (Dichanthelium sabulorum var. patulum (Scribn. & Merr.) Gould & C.A. Clark) (Dichanthelium sabulorum var. thinium (Hitchc. & Chase) Gould & C.A. Clark, misapplied) (Panicum lancearium Trin.) (Panicum patentifolium Nash) (Panicum patulum (Scribn. & Merr.) Hitchc.) (Panicum portoricense Desv. ex Ham.) (Panicum webberianum Nash) (Dichanthelium patulatum (Scribn. & Merr.) Hitchc.)

Digitaria ciliaris (Retz.) Koel. (Digitaria Southern Annual All year s US, West Indies, Occasional along firelanes NW adscendens (Kunth) Henrard) (Digitaria Crabgrass Mexico, tropical America, sanguinalis (L.) Scop., misapplied) Old World (Syntherisma sanguinale (L.) Dulac, misapplied) Digitaria filiformis var. filiformis (L.) Shaggy Cespitose, annual, Spring-Fall se US, West Indies & C. Occasional along firelandes & SW, 30 Koeler (Digitaria filiformis var. villosa Crabgrass possibly perennial America roads (Walter) Fernald) (Digitaria villosa (Walter) Pers.) (Syntherisma filiforme (L.) Nash) (Syntherisma villosum Walter)

Echinochloa walteri (Pursh) Heller Barnyard Annual Apr.-Sep. Coastal Plain, MA to FL, Roadside muck in low flatwoods NW, 7 Grass midwest, TX Eleusine indica (L.) Gaertn. Goose Grass Annual, ruderal Aug. EXOTIC (Native to Old Garden weed SE World), throughout warm temp & tropical regions

Page 16 COMMON FLOWERING WORLD SCIENTIFIC NAME LIFE HISTORY HABITAT AT ABS DISTRIBUTION AT ABS NAME TIME DISTRIBUTION Eragrostis amabilis (L.) Wight & Arn. Feather Annual Feb. EXOTIC (Native to Old Weed around plaza area SW (Eragrostis tenella (L.) P. Beauv. Ex Lovegrass World), GA, FL, TX, Roem. & Schult) Mexico, Eragrostis ciliaris (L.) R. Br. Gophertail Annual, tufted Aug.-Nov. Warm regions of both Occasional, waste places SE Lovegrass hemispheres Eragrostis elliottii S. Wats. Elliott Perennial, tufted Aug.-Nov. Coastal Plain, NC to s FL, Occasional along firelanes 19 Lovegrass to se TX West Indies, e Mexico Eragrostis virginica (Zucc.) Steud. Coastal Perennial, Jul.-Oct. Coastal Plain & Piedmont, Locally common along sandy SW, Hufty, Price (Eragrostis refracta Scribn. Misapplied) Lovegrass knotted, basal DE & MD to s FL, w to roadsides tufts OK & e TX Eremochloa ophiuroides (Munro) Hack. Centipede Perennial, Jul. EXOTIC (Native to Asia), Escapee from lawns & road NE,SE,NW,SW,7 Grass stoloniferous Cultivated FL, se US, C. shoulders onto sandy firelanes

Eustachys petraea (Sw.) Desv. (Chloris Fingergrass Perennial All year NC to FL & TX, Mexico, Occasional along roads in SW, Hufty petraea Sw.) West Indies, tropical flatwoods America Heteropogon contortus (L.) P. Beauv. ex Tanglehead Perennial Jan-Feb, Oct- Central and suothern Flatwoods, disturbed sites 19, Railroad tracks Roem. & Schult. Nov peninsula Hyparrhenia rufa (Nees) Stapf Jaragua Perennial May EXOTIC (Native to Occasional roadside weed NW, Hufty Africa): tropical America, FL & Gulf states Muhlenbergia capillaris (Lam.) Trin.* Hairgrass Cespitose, Summer-Fall MA to IN, KS, s to s FL, Rare along sandy roadsides SE, Price (Muhlenbergia filipes M.A. Curtis) perennial TX, se Mexico, West Indies Panicum abscissum Swallen Cutthroatgrass Perennial, fire- May-Aug. ENDEMIC to c FL; Abundant in seasonal ponds & All Tracts except Harris stimulated Status: SE, MC swales flowering Panicum anceps Michx. (Panicum anceps Beaked Perennial Summer-Fall NJ to KS, s to FL & TX Rare in scrubby flatwoods SE var. rhizomatum (Hitchc. & Chase) Panicum Fernald) (Panicum rhizomatum Hitchc. & Chase) Panicum dichotomiflorum Michx. Fall Panicum Annual Aug. Nova Scotia to MN, FL & Rare, ditch bottoms SW (Scribn. & Merr.) Fernald* TX Panicum hemitomon Schult. Maidencane Perennial, aquatic Mar.-Apr. Coastal Plain, NJ to s. FL, Rare in swales, common in 7,18,19,30,31, Hufty, or sub-aquatic, w to e TX, TN; S. wettest seasonal ponds & lake Price, Watters, MacArthur rhizomatous America margins

Page 17 COMMON FLOWERING WORLD SCIENTIFIC NAME LIFE HISTORY HABITAT AT ABS DISTRIBUTION AT ABS NAME TIME DISTRIBUTION Panicum hians Ell. (Steinchisma hians Gaping Perennial, Spring-fall VA to FL, sw US to Occasional in disturbed swales at 19 (Elliott) Nash) Panicum cespitose Mexico edge of flatwoods Panicum maximum Jacq. Guinea Grass Perennial, short All year EXOTIC (Native to Occasional on disturbed ground SE rhizomes Africa): cosmopolitan in & firelanes warm regions Panicum repens L. Torpedograss Perennial, Spring-Fall se US to Brazil, Old Abundant along shore of lakes Hufty, Price rhizomatous & World tropics occasionally stoloniferous Panicum tenerum Beyr. Bluejoint Perennial Spring-Fall se US, Cuba, Hispanola, Occasional in swales 18 Panicum Puerto Rico Panicum verrucosum Muhl. Warty Annual Jun.-Jul. FL,TX to MA, MI, AK Locally abundant along margins SW, 31, MacArthur Panicum of seasonal ponds Panicum virgatum L. Switchgrass Perennial, Summer-Fall s FL to MS, MI, TN, Cuba Occasional roadside weed SE rhizomatous Paspalum conjugatum Berg. Sour Perennial, Aug. s FL to TX, s to Common weed on disturbed SW Paspalum stoloniferous Argentina; West Indies, mucky soils Old World tropics Paspalum notatum Fluegge* Bahia Grass Densely May-June EXOTIC (Native to Dominant grass on Main SW, 19 rhizomatous tropical America) Grounds. Established in southern flatwoods in Tract 19

Page 18 COMMON FLOWERING WORLD SCIENTIFIC NAME LIFE HISTORY HABITAT AT ABS DISTRIBUTION AT ABS NAME TIME DISTRIBUTION Paspalum setaceum Michx. (Paspalum Thin Perennial, Aug. c & se US, Mexico, C. Common on disturbed sandy SW ciliatifolium Michx.) (Paspalum debile Paspalum cespitose America, West Indies ground Michx.) (Paspalum longipedunculatum LeConte) (Paspalum propinquum Nash) (Paspalum pubescens Muhl. ex Willd.) (Paspalum rigidifolium Nash) (Paspalum setaceum var. ciliatifolium (Michx.) Vasey) (Paspalum setaceum var. longipedunculatum (Leconte) A..W. Wood) (Paspalum setaceum var. muhlenbergii (Nash) D.J. Banks) (Paspalum setaceum var. rigidifolium (Nash) D.J. Banks) (Paspalum setaceum var. stramineum (Nash) D.J. Banks) (Paspalum setaceum var. supinum (Bosc ex Poir.) Trin.) (Paspalum setaceum var. villosissimum (Nash) D.J. Banks) (Paspalum supinum Bosc ex Poir.)

Paspalum urvillei Steud. Vaseygrass Perennial tufted May EXOTIC (Native to S. Common in low areas on lawn SW with basal America): VA to FL, TX offshoots & s CA, s to Argentina, Cuba Rhynchelytrum repens (Willd.) C.E. Natal Grass Annual, Perennial All year (esp. EXOTIC (Native to Abundant along firelanes NE,SE,NW,SW, Hubb. (Rhynchelytrum roseum (Nees) Oct.) Africa): s US 6,7,18,18E,19,19E,30,31, Bews) (Tricholaena repens (Willd.) Hufty, Price Hitchc.) (Tricholaena rosea Nees) Rottboellia cochinchinensis (Lour.) Itchgrass Perennial, Nov. EXOTIC (Native to Railroad SW Clayton (Rottboellia exaltata (L.) L. f., cespitose tropical Asia): West Indies misapplied) (Manisuris exaltata Kuntze )

Saccharum giganteum (Walter) Pers. Sugarcane Perennial, Fall Chiefly Coastal Plain & Occasional clumps around shore Hufty, Price (Erianthus giganteus (Walter) P. Beauv.) Plumegrass rhizomatous, Piedmont, NY to FL, w to of Lake Annie & Lake Placid (Erianathus saccharoides Michx.) clump-forming TX, AR, TN, & KY

Page 19 COMMON FLOWERING WORLD SCIENTIFIC NAME LIFE HISTORY HABITAT AT ABS DISTRIBUTION AT ABS NAME TIME DISTRIBUTION Sacciolepis striata (L.) Nash American Perennial, aquatic- Jun. Coastal Plains, s NJ to FL, Common on muck of seasonal SW Cupscale semi-aquatic, w to TN & OK, West ponds stoloniferous Indies Schizachyrium niveum (Swallen) Gould Riparian Perennial, Fall ENDEMIC to c FL; Rare & local among saw SE, 30, 31, 18 Autumngrass cespitose Status: SE, C palmettos in oak scrub, rare in rosemary scrub Schizachyrium sanguineum (Retz.) Carimson Perennial, Oct.-Nov. s GA, FL, TX to AK, CA, Locally common in scrubby SE,SW, 30, Hufty Alston (Andropogon hirtiflorus (Nees) bluestem cespitose Mexico, tropical America flatwoods Kunth) (Andropogon semiberbis (Nees) Kunth) (Schizachyrium hirtiflorum Nees) (Schizachyrium semiberbe Nees) Schizachyrium scoparium (Nash) Gould* Little Perennial, Oct. Quebec & ME to Alberta Common in scrubby flatwoods & SE,SW,18E,19, 19E, (Andropogon maritimus Chapm.) Bluestem cespitose & ID, s to FL & AK turkey oak sandhills Hufty, 7 (Andropogan scoparius Michx.) (Andropogon stolonifer (Nash) Hitchc.) (Schizachyrium maritumum (Chapm.) Nash) (Schizachyrium rhizomatum (Swallen) Gould) (Schizachyrium stoloniferum Nash) Setaria corrugata (Ell.) Schult. Coastal Annual Oct.-Nov. Coastal Plain, FL, Cuba Common along firelanes NE,SE,NW,SW, 6,7, (Chaetochloa corrugata (Elliott) Scribn.) Foxtail Hufty, Price (Chaetochloa hispida Scribn.& Merr.)

Setaria parviflora (Poir.) Kerguelen Knotroot Perennial, Aug.-Sep. Coastal Plain, MA to FL, Common in marshes around Hufty (Chaetochloa geniculata (Poir.) Millsp. & Foxtail subrhizomatous TX, CA, WV to KS, Lake Annie Chase) (Setaria geniculata (Poir.) P. tropical America Beauv.) Sorghastrum secundum (Ell.) Nash Lopsided Perennial, Sep.-Oct. SC to FL & TX Occasional in scrubby flatwoods SW, 7,18,19, Hufty Indiangrass cespitose Sorghum halepense (L.) Pers. (Holcus Johnsongrass Perennial, Nov.-May EXOTIC (Native to Old Occasional in disturbed sandy SE, Hufty halepensis L.) rhizomatous World): s half of US, areas temperate & warm regions worldwide Spartina bakeri Merr. Sand Perennial, clump- Jan.-May FL to SC Locally abundant in some SW,18,19,30, Price, Cordgrass forming seasonal ponds & along sandy MacArthur, Watters lakeshores

Page 20 COMMON FLOWERING WORLD SCIENTIFIC NAME LIFE HISTORY HABITAT AT ABS DISTRIBUTION AT ABS NAME TIME DISTRIBUTION Sporobolus indicus (L.) R. Br.* Dropseed, Cespitose Apr.-Aug. EXOTIC (Native to Common weed in sandy, open SE, SW (Sporobolus berteroanus (Trin.) Hitchc.) Smutgrass tropical Asia): se US, soil (Sporobolus poiretii (Roem. & Schult.) Mexico, s to Brazil, West Hitchc., misapplied) Indies Triplasis purpurea (Walter) Chapm. Purple Annual, taprooted Jul. FL, TX, C. America Common along sandy roadsides NW,SW, 7, Price (Triplasis intermedia Nash.) Sandgrass colonizer in flatwoods cleistogamy

Urochloa distachya (L.) T. Q. Nguyen Tropical Perennial, nodal Fall EXOTIC (Native to Asia) Weed found on main grounds not SW (Urochloa subquadripara (Trin.) R.D. Signal Grass roots, spreading persisting Webster) (Brachiaria subquadripara (Trin.) Hitchc.) PONTEDERIACEAE Pontederia cordata L. (Pontederia Pickerel-weed Perennial Dec.-Jun. Nova Scotia, Ontario, to Common along lake edge, lowest Price cordata var. lanceolata (Nutt.) Griseb.) OK & n FL area of interior marshses during (Pontederia cordata var. lancifolia (Muhl. wet periods ex Elliott) Morong) (Pontederia lanceolata Nutt.) RUSCACEAE Nolina brittoniana Nash Beargrass Perennial, caudex Mar. ENDEMIC to peninsular Rare in scrubby flatwoods, slash SE, NE,7,18,Hufty stem FL; Status: SE, FE pine-turkey oak scrub SMILACACEAE Smilax auriculata Walter Catbriar Perennial, Mar.-Apr. Coastal Plain, FL to MS & Ubiquitous scrambler/climber All Tracts dioecious vine NC Smilax bona-nox L. Greenbriar Dioecious, Apr. MD & VA to x IN & MO, Rare scrambler/climber in SE,SW tuberous, s to c peninsular FL & flatwoods rhizomatous vine TX; Mexico Smilax laurifolia L. Bamboo-vine, Perennial, Sep.-Oct. NJ to s FL, e TX, AK, & Common scrambler in bayheads NE,NW,7,18, Hufty, Price, Catbriar dioecious, w TN, Cuba, Bahama Watters tuberous, Islands rhizomatous vine TYPHACEAE [including Sparganiaceae] Typha sp. Cattail Perennial, aquatic Spring-Summer Throughout N. America Occasional in ditches Watters or paludal, monoecious, rhizomatous

Page 21 COMMON FLOWERING WORLD SCIENTIFIC NAME LIFE HISTORY HABITAT AT ABS DISTRIBUTION AT ABS NAME TIME DISTRIBUTION XYRIDACEAE Xyris ambigua Beyr. ex Kunth Coastalplain Perennial Spring-Fall Coastal Plain, s to FL Yellow-eyed Grass Xyris brevifolia Michx. Shortleaf Perennial, tufted Dec.-Mar. Coastal Plain, NC to s FL, Common on margins of seasonal NW,SW, 31 Yellow-eyed cryptophyte FL panhandle, s AL, to ponds & low pine flatwoods Grass Xyris caroliniana Walter (Xyris flexuosa Carolina Perennial, tufted Oct. Coastal Plain, NJ to FL & Occasional in pine flatwoods & 6, 18, MacArthur Muhl. Ex Elliot) (Xyris pallescens (C. Yellow-eyed cryptophyte TX oak scrub, especially after burns Mohr) Small) Grass Xyris elliottii Chapm. Elliott's Perennial, tufted Apr.-Oct. Coastal Plain, SC to FL, w Common on margins of seasonal NW,SW,7,18, 19,31, Yellow-eyed cryptophyte near Gulf Coast to s MS ponds, lakes & swales Hufty, Price, Watters, Grass MacArthur Xyris fimbriata Ell. Fringed Perennial, tufted Summer-Fall Coastal Plain, NJ to s FL Common in swales & seasonal 7 Yellow-eyed cryptophyte & Gulf Coast to LA ponds Grass Xyris flabelliformis Kral. Savannah Perennial, Apr.-Jun. NC to peninsular FL, w on Common along edges of seasonal 7 Yellow-eyed occasionally Gulf Coast to e LA ponds Grass monocarpic Xyris jupicai L. Rich. (Xyris communis Richard's Annual or Mar. EXOTIC (Native to Latin Locally common, margin of 30,31, Hufty Kunth.) (Xyris elata Chapm., misapplied) Yellow-eyed perennial, America): Coastal Plain, lakes, seasonal ponds & marshes Grass occasional NJ to FL & TX, AK, TN monocarpic DICOTS ACANTHACEAE Asystasia gangetica (L.) T. Andrs. Chinese Violet Perennial, herb Spring-summer EXOTIC (Native to Disturbed areas Main Grounds India): Palm Beach Co. FL Dyschoriste oblongifolia (Michx.) Kuntze Twinflower Perennial, May-Jul. Coastal Plain, NC to s FL, Rare, low flatwoods 30 herbaceous LA Justicia ovata (Chapm.) R.W.Long var. Water Willow Perennial, May-Jun. Coastal Plain, VA to s FL, Rare, low flatwoods SW ovata (Walter) Lindau colonial to e TX, OK, AK, TN, hygrophyte MO & KY Ruellia tweediana Griseb. (Ruellia Mexican Perennial, Spring-Fall EXOTIC (Native to Cottage #4 brittoniana Leonard & Fern.) Bluebell herbaceous Mexico)

Page 22 COMMON FLOWERING WORLD SCIENTIFIC NAME LIFE HISTORY HABITAT AT ABS DISTRIBUTION AT ABS NAME TIME DISTRIBUTION ADOXACEAE Sambucus nigra subsp. canadensis (L.) Southern Perennial, shrub, All year Nova Scotia & Quebec to Common in bayheads, marshes NE,NW,SW, Hufty, Harris, R. Bolli. (Sambucus canadensis L.) Elderberry hygrophyte Manitoba & SD, s to FL & & swamps Price (Sambucus simpsonii Rehder) TX, West Indies, Mexico

Viburnum nudum L. (Viburnum Possum Haw Perennial, shrub Apr. Newfoundland to Rare in low flatwoods & NW, 7 cassinoides L., misapplied) or tree Manitoba, s to n FL & e bayheads TX Viburnum obovatum Walter (Viburnum Walter's Perennial, shrub May Coastal Plain, SC to s FL, Sparingly escaped from planting SE nashii Small) (Viburnum corymbosum Viburnum or tree se AL along Loop Drive (Mill.) Rehder, misapplied) AMARANTHACEAE [including Chenopodiaceae] Amaranthus blitum L. (Amaranthus Pigweed Annual, Mar.-Apr. e US & Cuba, pantropical Rare garden weed SE lividus L., misapplied) monoecious weed Amaranthus hybridus L. (Amaranthus Common Annual, May-Jun. Tropical & temperate Occasional weed in citrus grove SE cruentus L.) Pigweed monoecious America, adventive in Old World Amaranthus viridus L. (Amaranthus Slender Annual, All year SC, NC, FL, GA, AL, Disturbed sites Muck garden gracilis Desf.) Amaranth monoecious Miss. Chenopodium ambrosioides L. (Ambrina Mexican Tea Perennial Herb Apr.-Nov. Cosmopolitan Locally common along NW, Hufty, MacArthur ambrosioides (L.) Spach.) lakeshores & moist firelanes Froelichia floridana (Nutt.) Moq. Cottonweed Annual herb All year MO to SD, s to FL, w to Occasional to abundant along All upland Tracts NM firelanes & sandy roads Gomphrena serrata L. (Gomphrena Globe Annual or Feb.-Oct. EXOTIC (Native to Occasional to common along dry NE,SE,NW,SW,7,19,31, decumbens Jacq.) (Gomphrena dispersa Amaranth Perennial herb tropical America), FL, FL firelanes, road shoulders Hufty Standl.) Keys Iresine diffusa Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd. Bloodleaf Annual Oct.-Dec. Coastal Plain, NC to FL & Rare, margins of bayheads NE,NW, 7 (Iresine canescens Humb. & Bonpl. ex LA, West Indies & Willd.) (Iresine celosia L., misapplied) tropical America

ANACARDIACEAE Rhus copallinum L. (Rhus copallinum Winged Perennial, tree or Feb.-Mar. ME to MN, FL & TX Occasional, edges of bayheads & NE,SE,NW,SW, 7,18, var. leucantha (Jacq.) DC.) (Rhus Sumac shrub trail margins Hufty, Price leucantha Jacq.) (Rhus obtusifolia (Small) Small) Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi Brazilian Perennial, Oct. EXOTIC (Native to S. Occasional escapee, main SE,SW,18E, Price, Watters Pepper dioecious shrub America) grounds & Red Hill, now extirpated

Page 23 COMMON FLOWERING WORLD SCIENTIFIC NAME LIFE HISTORY HABITAT AT ABS DISTRIBUTION AT ABS NAME TIME DISTRIBUTION Toxicodendron radicans (L.) Kuntze Poison Ivy Perennial, Feb.-Mar. FL, Nova Scotia to MS, Local, hedges & edges of SE,NE,NW,SW,7, Price, (Rhus radicans L.) moneocious, MN, West Indies flatwoods, bayheads & margins Watters woody vine of seasonal ponds ANNONACEAE Asimina obovata (Willd.) Nash Scrub Perennial, shrub, Mar.-Apr. ENDEMIC to peninsular Common in scrubby flatwoods, NE,SE,NW,SW, 7,18,19, (Pityothamnus obovata (Willd.) Small) Pawpaw, Flag protogynous, FL occasional in scrub, open sand Hufty, Price, MacArthur Pawpaw beetle pollinated Asimina reticulata Shuttlew. ex Chapm. Gopher-berry Perennial, low Feb.-Apr. ENDEMIC to peninsular Occasional in scrubby flatwoods SE,NW,SW,18, Hufty, (Pityothamnus reticulatus (Chapm.) Small) Pawpaw shrub FL & palmetto-wire grass flatwoods MacArthur

APIACEAE Eryngium aromaticum Baldwin Fragrant Perennial herb Apr.-Nov. Coastal Plain, FL & GA Locally common in flatwoods NW,SW,7,18,1930,31, Eryngium MacArthur Eryngium cuneifolium Small Wedge-leaf Perennial herb Aug.-Nov. ENDEMIC to s LWR, Occasional in open rosemary 6,7,30,31 Hufty Button with long taproot Highlands Co., FL; Status: scrub Snakeroot SE, FE Oxypolis filiformis (Henrard) Wipff subsp. Water Perennial, All year Coastal Plain, NC to s FL, Occasional, wet prairies and 7,18, 30 filiformis (Walter) Britton Dropwort hydrophyte TX; Cuba, Bahamas seasonal ponds Ptilimnium capillaceum (Michaux) Mock Annual, Apr.-May Coastal Plain, SC, MA, Locally abundant in drainage NE, SW, Price Rafinesque Bishop's-weed hygrophyte Piedmont to s FL, e TX, system & along edges of low MO, KS, IL, KY flatwoods Spermolepis echinata (Nutt. ex DC) Bristly Annual May-Jun. AL to TX, CA & MO, Rare in mowed lawn, NW corner NE,SW, Price Heller Scaleseed Mexico of main grounds APOCYNACEAE [including Asclepiadaceae] Asclepias curassavica L. Scarlet Annual Mar.-Nov. EXOTIC (Native to Locally common, waste ground SE,NW, 7, 18, 18E, Hufty, Milkweed tropical America): s & firelane margins Price peninsular Asclepias curtissii A. Gray (Oxypteryx Curtiss' Perennial, herb Jun.-Aug. ENDEMIC to peninsular Occasional in scrubby flatwoods SW, 7, 18, 19, 31, curtissii (A. Gray) Small) Milkweed FL; Status: SE MacArthur Asclepias feayi Chapm.ex A. Gray Feay's Perennial, herb May-Jun. ENDEMIC to FL Rare, in scrubby flatwoods & SW (Asclepiodella feayi (Chapm. ex A. Gray) Milkweed low flatwoods Small) Asclepias pedicellata Walter (Podostigma Pedicillate Perennial Herb Jun.-Jul. Coastal Plain, NC to FL Occasional in scrubby flatwoods, SW, 7, 18, 31, MacArthur pedicellata (Walter) Vail.) Milkweed pine flatwoods & swales

Asclepias tomentosa Elliott Velvet-leaf Perennial, herb Aug.-Sep. Coastal Plain, GA & FL Rare in scrub SW Milkweed

Page 24 COMMON FLOWERING WORLD SCIENTIFIC NAME LIFE HISTORY HABITAT AT ABS DISTRIBUTION AT ABS NAME TIME DISTRIBUTION Asclepias tuberosa L. (Asclepias Butterfly Perennial, herb Apr.-Oct. Coastal Plain, SC to FL Occasional in scrubby flatwoods NW,SW, 7, Hufty, decumbens L.) (Asclepias rolfsii Britton Weed & pine flatwoods MacArthur ex Vail) (Asclepias tuberosa subsp. rolfsii (Britton ex Vail) Woodson) Catharanthus roseus (L.) G. Don (Vinca Madagascar Annual or Mar.-Nov. EXOTIC (Native to Locally common, waste ground SE,NW,7,18,18E, Hufty, rosea L.) Periwinkle Perennial shrub or Madagascar): peninsular & firelane margins Price subshrub FL & FL Sarcostemma clausum (Jacq.) Roem. & Milk With, Perennial, May-Dec. peninsular FL & FL Keys, Common scrambler on Hibiscus Price, Harris Schult. (Funastrum clausum (Jacq.) White-vine herbaceous vine West Indies, Mexico, C. & & Ludwigia peruviana Schltr.) S. America

AQUIFOLIACEAE Ilex ambigua (Michx.) Torr. var. Sand Holly Perennial, Dec.-May VA to FL & TX Cuba Rare & local on edge of oak Hufty, Price ambigua (Michx.) Torr. (Ilex buswellii dioecious tree or scrub Small) (Ilex caroliniana (Walter) Trel.) shrub Ilex cassine L. var. cassine L. Dahoon Holly Perennial, Feb.-Apr. VA to FL & TX Cuba Common in bayheads, around NE,NW,SW, 7,18,19,30, dioecious tree some of wetter seasonal ponds, Hufty, Price swamps & lake shores Ilex glabra (L.) Gray Gallberry Perennial, shrub Mar.-Apr. Coastal Plain Nova Scotia Common in bayheads, around NE,NW,SW,7,18, to FL & e LA some wet ponds, low flatwoods 18E,19,30,31, Hufty, Price, & low ground in general MacArthur Ilex opaca (Ashe) Ashe var. arenicola Scrub Holly Perennial, small Apr. ENDEMIC to peninsular Occasional in scrubby flatwoods NE,NW,SE,SW,7, 19,31, (Ashe) Ashe (Ilex cumulicola Small) tree FL & oak scrub Hufty, Price, MacArthur

ARALIACEAE Centella asiatica (L.) Urban (Centella Coinwort Perennial, Apr.-Jun. Coastal Plain, DE to s FL Locally abundant, low ground SW,NW, NE, 7 repanda fma. floridana (J.M. Coult. & helophyte & TX, pantropical under pines Rose) Small) (Centella repanda (Pers.) Small) Hydrocotyle bonariensis Comm. ex Lam. Water Perennial, free- Apr.-Jul. Outer Coastal Plain NC to Common emergent in lakes & Hufty, Price, Harris Pennywort floating aquatic or s FL & TX, Mexico & swales limnophyte Chile, Puerto Rico Hydrocotyle umbellata L. Marsh Perennial, herb Spring-Summer VA,GA, FL, AL & MS Marshes, wet woods & lakeshore North swale west Pennywort boundary, Price, 18 Hydrocotyle verticillata (A.Rich) Fernald* Whorled Perennial Jan.-Jun Coastal Plain, MA to s FL, Locally common along firelane Hufty Pennywort w to CA, VT, NV, tropical in low flatwoods America

Page 25 COMMON FLOWERING WORLD SCIENTIFIC NAME LIFE HISTORY HABITAT AT ABS DISTRIBUTION AT ABS NAME TIME DISTRIBUTION ASTERACEAE Acanthospermum australe (Loefl.) Paraguay Bur Annual Oct.-Nov. EXOTIC (Native to S. Rare on firelanes SE Kuntze America): widespread on Coastal Plain Ambrosia artemisiifolia L. (Ambrosia Common Annual, May-Sep. Canada to CA & WA, s to Common on moister disturbed NE,SE,NW,SW, Hufty monophylla (Walter) Rydb.) (Ambrosia Ragweed monoecious FL & TX sites, roadsides & firelanes glandulosa Scheele) (Ambrosia elatior L.)

Baccharis halimifolia L. (Baccharis Salt Bush, Perennial, shrub, Oct.-Nov. Chiefly Coastal Plain, MA Occasional in gallberry NE,NW,SW, halimifolia var. angustior DC.) Groundsel polygamodioecio to FL & TX, inland to AK, flatwoods, in roads & ditches, 7,18,19,30,31, Hufty, Price Bush us West Indies abundant along railroad Balduina angustifolia (Pursh) Robinson Yellow Biennial (strict), All year Coastal Plain, se NC to Common in sandhills, scrubby All Tracts except Watters (Actinospermum angustifolium (Pursh) Buttons herbaceous peninsular FL, SC, w to s flatwoods, oak scrub, firelanes & & Harris Torr. & A. Gray.) seasonal ponds Bidens alba L. var. radiata (Sch. Bip.) R. Beggar Ticks Annual All year s FL, SC, MS & LA, Common but local, hedges, NE,SE,NW,SW, 7,18, 19, E. Ballard ex Melchert (Bidens pilosa L., Mexico, West Indies, C. edges, fallow gardens & other Hufty, Price misapplied) (Bidens pilosa var. radiata America & Old World disturbed areas Sch. Bip.) Bidens mitis (Michx.) Sherff Smallfruit Annual Oct.-Apr. Coastal Plain, MD to s Occasional in wet swales, NE,18, Hufty, Price Beggar Ticks peninsular FL, w to se TX seasonal ponds, & along lakeshores Carphephorus corymbosus (Nutt.) Torr. & Florida Perennial, herb Oct. se GA, s FL to Lake Occasional in palmetto scrub & 7,18, 30, 31, Hufty A. Gray Paintbrush Okeechobee, FL low flatwoods panhandle Carphephorus odoratissimus (J. F. Gmel.) Vanilla Plant Perennial, herb Aug.-Sep. Coastal Plain, e c NC to s Rare, in scrubby flatwoods & SW,7, 30, Hufty H. Herbert var. subtropicanus (DeLaney, peninsular FL, w to se low flatwoods Bissett, & Weidenhamer) Wunderlin & B. F. Hansen (Carphephorus subtropicanus DeLaney, Bissett, & Weidenhamer.)

Carphephorus paniculatus (J.F. Gmel.) Deer Tongue Perennial, herb Jul.-Nov. Coastal Plain, e c NC to s Occasional, low flatwoods, 7,18 Hebert (Trilisa paniculatus (J.F. Gmel.) c peninsular FL, FL seasonal ponds & swales Cass) panhandle, se AL Chrysopsis highlandsensis DeLaney & Highland's Perennial, herb Nov. ENDEMIC, Polk, Occasional, but very local, 19 Wunderlin Goldenaster Highlands and Glades scrubby flatwoods and disturbed Cos. scrub

Page 26 COMMON FLOWERING WORLD SCIENTIFIC NAME LIFE HISTORY HABITAT AT ABS DISTRIBUTION AT ABS NAME TIME DISTRIBUTION Cirsium horridulum Michx. (Cirsium Purple Thistle Biennial, herb Mar.-Apr. Coastal ME to FL & TX, Rare along roadsides & pine NW,SW, 7 horridulum var. vittatum (Small) R. W. PA, TN, West Indies, flatwoods Long) (Cirsium smallii Britton) (Cirsium Mexico vittatum Small) (Carduus smallii (Britton) Ahles) (Carduus spinosissimus Walter)

Cirsium nuttallii DC. (Carduus nuttallii Thistle Biennial, herb Apr. Chiefly Coastal Plain, se Rare along undisturbed trail NW (DC.) Pollard) VA, SC to peninsular FL, along gulf coast to MS Conoclinium coelestinum (L.) DC. Mist Flower Perennial, Aug.-Sep. NJ to KN, s to s Occasional along edges of 7,SE (Eupatorium coelestinum L.) rhizomatous herb peninsular FL, to c TX, w seasonal ponds, roadsides Cuba Conyza canadensis L. var. pusilla (Nutt.) Dwarf Annual Mar.-Oct. Chiefly Coastal Plain, e Occasional, along undisturbed NE,NW,31, Hufty Cronquist (Erigeron canadensis var. Horseweed US s to tropical America fire trails pusillus (Nutt.) Ahles) (Leptilon pusillum (Nutt.) Britton) (Conyza parva Cronquist) (Conyza ramosissima Cronquest, misapplied) Eclipta prostrata (L.) L. (Eclipta alba (L.) False Daisy Annual or All year Coastal Plain to Piedmont, Occasional along lakeshores, in SW, 18, Price Hassk.) (Verbesina alba L.) perennial in warm MA to West Indies, s to s ditches & swales climates FL & TX, CA, tropical

Elephantopus elatus Bertol. Florida's Perennial herb Jul.-Oct. Coastal Plain, SC into FL Occasional in palmetto scrub & SW,6,7,18,19, 30, 31 Elephant's & LA scrubby flatwoods Foot Emilia fosbergii Nicols. (Emilia javanica Cupid's Annual herb All year EXOTIC (Native to Old Occasional garden weed along NE,SE,SW (Burm. F.) C. B. Rob., misapplied) Shaving Brush World), peninsular FL, firelanes Tassel Flower pantropical weed Erechtites hieracifolia (L.) Raf. ex DC Fire Weed Annual All year Newfoundland to Sask, s Occasional in swales, swamps & SW,18, Hufty, Price to s FL, & se TX, West along drainage ditches Indies s to tropical America Erigeron quercifolius Lam. Southern Annual Jan.-Apr. Coastal Plain, s VA to FL, Local, along ditch bottom SW Fleabane w to TX Erigeron strigosus Muhl. ex Willd. Prairie Annual or May-Oct. Coastal Plain, NJ to FL & Occasional along overgrown NE,NW (Erigeron ramosus (Walter) Britton et. al.) Fleabane biennial TX firelanes (Erigeron strigosus var. beyrichii (Fisch. & C. A. Mey.) A. Gray)

Page 27 COMMON FLOWERING WORLD SCIENTIFIC NAME LIFE HISTORY HABITAT AT ABS DISTRIBUTION AT ABS NAME TIME DISTRIBUTION Erigeron vernus (L.) Torr. & A. Gray Early Biennial or Dec.-Apr. Coastal Plain, se VA to s Occasional in swales & ditches 18, Hufty Whitetop perennial FL, LA Fleabane Eupatorium capillifolium (Lam.) Small Dog Fennel Perennial, ruderal Sep.-Nov. Coastal Plain & Piedmont, Occasional, disturbed ground & SW,Hufty, Price, NJ to s FL, s AK, LA & e along drainage ditches MacArthur TX, Bermuda, Bahamas, Cuba

Eupatorium leptophyllum DC. Fennel Perennial, Oct. se NC to s FL, FL Locally abundant, margin of 6,7,18,19,30,31, Price rhizomatous panhandle, GA & s AL, seasonal ponds Bahamas, Cuba Eupatorium mohrii Greene (Eupatorium Thoroughwort Perennial, May-Sep. Coastal Plain, se VA to s Occasional in palmetto-wire SW,18,19,31, Hufty, recurvans Small) tuberous rhizomes FL, w to LA grass flatwoods MacArthur, Watters

Euthamia caroliniana (L.) Greene ex Flat-topped Perennial, Oct.-Nov. Coastal Plain, MD & VA Common, margins of seasonal SW,7,18,18E,19, 30, 31, Porter & Britton (Euthamia minor Goldenrod rhizomatous to s FL, w to s AL, s MS ponds, swales & prairies Price, Watters, MacArthur (Michx.) Greene) (Euthamia tenuifolia & (Pursh) Nutt.) (Solidago microcephala (Greene) Bush) Gamochaeta pensylvanica (Willd.) Cud Weed Annual, Biennial Spring-summer Com., throughout Harris Cabrera (Gnaphalium pensylvanicum herb Willd.) (Gnaphalium purpureum var. spathulatum Baker) (Gnaphalium spathulatum Lam.) Gamochaeta purpurea (L.) Cabrera Purple Cud Annual or Apr. Native America weed. Common along firelanes NE,NW, Price (Gnaphalium purpureum L.) Weed biennial Widespread Garberia heterophylla (Bartr.) Merr. & Garberia Perennial, Oct.-Nov. ENDEMIC to c & n Occasional in scrubby flatwoods SE,NW,SW,18E,19, 19E, Harp. (Garberia fruticosa (Nutt.) A. Gray) evergreen, shrub peninsular FL; Status: ST & oak scrub Hufty

Hartwrightia floridana A.Gray ex S. Florida Perennial Oct.-Nov. ne to s c peninsular FL; Rare in swales, wet flatwoods & Hufty, 18, 19, 30 Watson Hartwrightia Status: ST wet meadows Heterotheca subaxillaris (Lam.) Britt & Camphor- Annual or short- May-Oct. SW US & adjacent Rare in scrubby flatwoods, low NE,SE,NW,SW,7,18, 19, Rusby (Heterotheca latifolia Buckley) weed lived perennial, Mexico, e to AK, mainly flatwoods, common on roadsides Hufty (Heterotheca subaxillaris var. somewhat ruderal Coastal Plain DE & Long & disturbed areas procumbens Wagenkn.) Island to FL

Page 28 COMMON FLOWERING WORLD SCIENTIFIC NAME LIFE HISTORY HABITAT AT ABS DISTRIBUTION AT ABS NAME TIME DISTRIBUTION Hieracium gronovii L. (Hieracium Hawkweed Perennial herb Jan.-Oct. FL to TX, MA, Ontario Occasional along trails, NE,SE,NW,SW,18, 19,31 floridanum Britton) undisturbed sandy road & palmetto-wire grass flatwoods Lactuca graminifolia Michx. Wild Lettuce Biennial Mar.-Aug. Coastal Plain, SC to FL & Occasional, waste places, ditch NW,SW,Hufty TX, n Mexico banks, roadsides & pine flatwoods Liatris chapmanii Torr. & A. Gray Chapman's Perennial herb Aug.-Oct. Coastal Plain, FL, GA Occasional on rosemary scrub & 18,31 (Laciniaria chapmannii var. longifolia Blazing Star oak scrub Nash) (Laciniaria chapmanii (Torr. & A. Gray) Kuntze) Liatris ohlingerae (Blake) Robinson Scrub Blazing Perennial herb, Jun.-Oct. ENDEMIC to LWR; Rare in scrubby flatwoods, SE,SW,6,7,18,31, Hufty, (Ammopursus ohlingerae (S.F. Blake) Star bulb Status: SE, FE occasional in rosemary scrub Price Small) Liatris tenuifolia Nutt. var. quadriflora Shortleaf Perennial herb Chapm. (Liatris tenuifolia var. laevigata Gayfeather (Nutt.) B.L. Rob.) (Liatris laevigata Nutt.)

Liatris tenuifolia Nutt. var. tenuifolia Slender Perennial herb, Jul.-Oct. Coastal Plain, FL to AL & Common in palmetto scrub, pine SE,NW,SW, 7,18,18E, Nutt. (Laciniaria tenuifolia (Nutt.) Kuntze) Blazing Star fire-stimulated NC flatwoods, scrubby flatwoods & 19,30, 31, Hufty flowering sandhills Lygodesmia aphylla (Nutt.) DC Roserush, Perennial herb Sep.-Apr. Coastal Plain, GA to FL Occasional in scrubby flatwoods NW,SW,6,7,18,30, 31, Rush Pink & flatwoods Hufty Mikania cordifolia (L.f.) Willd. Florida Keys Perennial, vine All year s FL Keys, West Indies, Price Hempvine Mexico Mikania scandens (L.) Willd. (Mikania Climbing Perennial, twining Sep.-Dec. ME to s Ont, MI,IL, MO, Occasional vine in swales, low SW,18,31,Hufty, Price batatifolia DC.) Hempweed vine s to s FL, se OK, e TX, flatwoods & palmetto scrub tropical America Oclemena reticulata L. (Aster reticulatus White-top Perennial Apr.-Oct. Coastal Plain, SC,GA, s c Occasional in pine flatwoods, SW,6,7,18,19,19E, 30,31, Pursh) (Doellingeria reticulata (Pursh) Aster peninsular FL, FL rare in swales Hufty Greene) panhandle Palafoxia feayi A. Gray Palafoxia Perennial, semi- Sep.-Oct. ENDEMIC to FL Common & ubiquitous, All Tracts except Watters, woody shrub especially in scrubby flatwoods Harris & openings in oak scrub Palafoxia integrifolia (Nutt.) Torr. & Pink Lace Annual herb Aug.-Nov. Coastal Plain, GA & FL Locally common in scrubby 7,18 A.Gray (Polypteris integrifolia Nutt.) flatwoods after burns Pectis linearifolia Urban Florida Annual herb s FL & West Indies Occasional along firelanes 19, 31 Cinchweed

Page 29 COMMON FLOWERING WORLD SCIENTIFIC NAME LIFE HISTORY HABITAT AT ABS DISTRIBUTION AT ABS NAME TIME DISTRIBUTION Phoebanthus grandiflorus (Torr. & Gray) Florida False Perennial, horiz. Spring-fall ENDEMIC to peninsular Sandhills SW, Red Hill Blake Sunflower tubers, postfire FL Pityopsis graminifolia (Michx.) Nutt. Grass-leaved Perennial, Sep.-Nov. e & s US Common in sandhills & yellow NE,SE,NW,SW, (Pityopsis graminifolia var. microcephala Golden Aster stoloniferous sand, occasional scrubby 6,7,18,18E,19,19E, (Small) Semple) (Pityopsis microcephala herb, fire- flatwoods & flatwoods 30,31,Hufty (Small) Small) (Pityopsis tracyi (Small) stimulated Small) (Chrysopsis graminifolia (Michx.) flowering & Elliot) (Chrysopsis graminifolia var. growth microcephala (Small) Cronquist) (Heterotheca graminifolia (Michx.) Shinners) (Heterotheca graminifolia var. tracyi (Small) R.W. Long) (Heterotheca microcephala (Small) Shinners) (Heterotheca nervosa (Willd.) Shinners) (Heterotheca nervosa var. microcephala (Small) Shinners) (Pityopsis graminifolia var. latifolia (Fernald) Small)

Pluchea foetida (L.) DC. (Pluchea Stinking Perennial, Aug.-Nov. Chiefly Coastal Plain, s NJ Occasional along lakeshores Hufty imbricata (Kearney) Nash) (Pluchea Fleabane heterogamic to s c peninsular FL, tenuifolia Small) Pluchea longifolia Nash Fleabane Perennial, Sep.-Oct. ENDEMIC n FL to c Occasional in swamps & along Hufty, Price heterogamic peninsular FL lakeshores Pluchea rosea R.K. Godfrey Marsh Perennial, Sep.-Oct. Coastal Plain, NC to s FL Occasional in low palmetto scrub SW,7, Price, Watters, Fleabane heterogamic & FL Keys, w to se TX, & margins of seasonal ponds MacArthur Bahamas, Cuba Pseudognaphalium obtusifolium (L) Rabbit Annual Sep.-Oct. Throughout N. America Rare, margin of palmetto scrub 7, 19 Hilliard & B. L. Burtt (Gnaphalium Tobacco obtusifolium L.) Pterocaulon pycnostachyum (Michx.) Blackroot Perennial herb May-Oct. Coastal Plain, NC to s Occasional along roadsides, oak NE,SE,SW, 6,7,18,19, Elliott (Pterocaulon undulatum C. Mohr) peninsular FL, FL scrub, scrubby flatwoods & 30,31, MacArthur (Pterocaulon virgatum (L.) DC., panhandle, adjacent AL flatwoods misapplied)

Page 30 COMMON FLOWERING WORLD SCIENTIFIC NAME LIFE HISTORY HABITAT AT ABS DISTRIBUTION AT ABS NAME TIME DISTRIBUTION Rudbeckia hirta L. (Rudbeckia divergens Black-eyed Biennial or Jun.-Aug. Newfoundland to British Rare in disturbed scrub 19 T.V. Moore) (Rudbeckia floridana T.V. Susan perennial Columbia, s to s FL & Moore) (Rudbeckia hirta var. angustifolia Mexico (T.V. Moore) Perdue) (Rudbeckia hirta var. pulcherrima Farw.)

Sericocarpus tortifolius (Michx.) Nees White-topped Perennial, herb Aug.-Oct. Coastal Plain, NC to FL & Occasional in open grassy- NE,SE,NW,SW,6,7, (Aster tortifolius Michx.) (Sericocarpus Aster w to LA palmetto pine flatwoods & 18,18E,19,19E, 30,31, bifoliatus Porter) (Sericocarpus scrubby flatwoods Hufty acutisquamosus (Nash) Small)

Solidago fistulosa Mill. Giant Perennial herb, Aug.-Oct. Newfoundland to s FL, w Locally common, margins of low 6,7,18,19,30,31, Hufty, Goldenrod crowns, stolons & to LA, mainly Coastal flatwoods, swales, ditch Harris horizontal caudex Plain banks,pond margins

Solidago levanworthii Torr & A. Gray Leavenworth's Perennial crown Oct. Nova Scotia & Quebec to Rare, swales 19 (Solidago gigantea Ait. missapplied) Goldenrod & stolons OR, s to sw GA, (Solidago gigantea var. serotina (Kuntze) peninsular FL & TX, w to Cronquest, misapplied) (Solidago serotina VT & CO Aiton, misapplied) Solidago odora Aiton var. chapmanii Chapman's Perennial, clonal Apr.-Sep. ENDEMIC to peninsular Common in sandhills & scrubby NE,SE,NW,SW, 6, (Gray) Cronquist (Solidago chapmanii A. Goldenrod herb, fire- FL flatwoods, especially after fire 7,18,18E,19,19E, 30,31, Gray) stimulated Hufty, MacArthur, Watters

Sonchus asper (L.) Hill Spiny-leaved Annual Feb.-Apr. EXOTIC (Native to Rare garden weed SE,SW Sow Thistle Europe): cosmopolitan Sonchus oleraceus L. Common Sow Annual Feb.-Mar. EXOTIC (Native to Rare garden weed SW Thistle Europe): cosmopolitan Sphagneticola trilobata (L.) Pruski Creeping Perennial, All year EXOTIC (Native to West Occasional escapee from SE,SW (Wedelia trilobata (L.) Hitchcock) Oxeye rhizomatous Indies): s & c FL cultivation, planted on main grounds & Main Drive Symphyotrichum adnatum (Nutt.) G. L. Scale-leaved Perennial, Oct.-Dec. Gulf coast, sw GA to s FL Rare, roadsides, palmetto scrub 7,18,19,Hufty Nesom (Aster adnatus Nutt.) Aster rhizomatous herb & Bahamas, w to MS & low flatwoods Symphyotrichum carolinianum (Walter) Climbing Perennial, Oct.-Jan. Atlantic Coastal Plain NC Common scrambler on willows Harris Wunderlin & B. F. Hansen (Aster Aster subwoody, to FL carolinianus Walter) climbing

Page 31 COMMON FLOWERING WORLD SCIENTIFIC NAME LIFE HISTORY HABITAT AT ABS DISTRIBUTION AT ABS NAME TIME DISTRIBUTION Symphyotrichum dumosum (L.) G. L. Rice Button Perennial, Jul.-Nov. Chiefly Coastal Plain MA Rare, roadsides, firelanes & pine 7,19,31 Nesom (Aster cordifolius Michx.) (Aster Aster rhizomatous herb to s FL, w to MI, AK, LA flatwoods dumosus L.) (Aster dumosus var. coridifolius (Michx.) Torr. & A. Gray) (Aster dumosus var. subulifolius Torr. & A. Gray) (Aster gracilipes (Wiegand) Alex.) Symphyotrichum subulatum (Michx.) G. Slim Aster Annual, Oct.& Jan. s ME to s peninsular FL & Occasional along lakeshores, 18, Price L. Nesom (Aster subulatus Michx.) (Aster limnodophyte or FL Keys, w to CA, inland rare in swales subulataus var. cubensis (DC.) Shinners) hygrophyte to MO & KS, tropical (Aster subulatus var. ligulatus Shinners) America (Aster inconspicuus Less.) (Aster exilis Elliott) Verbesina virginica L. (Verbesina Frost Weed Perennial, Sep.-Oct. VA to MO & se KS, to s Rare along drainage system SW virginica var. laciniata (Poir.) A. Gray) hygrophyte FL & TX (Phaethusa laciniata (Poir.) Small) (Phaethusa virginica (L.) Britton) Vernonia gigantea (Walter) Trel. Ex Iron Weed Perennial herb Aug.-Sep. sw GA, c FL Rare in sand pine scrub SW, SE Branner & Colville (Vernonia gigantea subsp. ovalifolia (Torr. & A. Gray) Urbatsch) (Vernonia altissima Nutt.) (Vernonia ovalifolia Torr. & A. Gray) Youngia japonica (L.) DC. (Crepis Oriental Annual Sep.-Nov. EXOTIC (Native to s Rare along lakeshore Price japonica (L.) Benth.) Hawksbeard Asia): cosmopolitan BEGONIACEAE Begonia cucullata Willd. (Begonia Wax Begonia Perenial herb Jul.-Aug. EXOTIC (Native to S. Rare escapee from cultivation, Price semperflorens Link & Otto) America) along edge of borrow pit; possibly extirpated BIGNONIACEAE Campsis radicans (L.) Seeman (Bignonia Trumpet Perennial, woody May-Nov. Coastal Plain & adjacent Occasional escapee along SE radicans L.) creeper vine provinces, NJ, s to FL & roadsides & on fences BRASSICACEAE [including Capparaceae] Cardamine debilis D. Don [taxon not Bitter-cress Annual herb Jan.-Feb. EXOTIC (Native to Asia): Locally abundant in muck garden SW recognized by Wunderlin & Hanson 2003] FL

Lepidium virginicum L. Peppergrass Annual or Jan.-Apr. QU to MN, s FL & TX; Common in citrus groves, fallow SE,SW,Hufty, Harris biennial West Indies, Mexico C. & fields & roadsides S. America Old World

Page 32 COMMON FLOWERING WORLD SCIENTIFIC NAME LIFE HISTORY HABITAT AT ABS DISTRIBUTION AT ABS NAME TIME DISTRIBUTION Polanisia tenuifolia Torr. & A. Gray Slenderleaf Annual herb Jan.-Feb. Coastal Plain, FL to MS Occasional in open scrubby 6,7,18,30,31, Hufty, Price, (Aldenella tenuifolia (Torr. & A. Gray) Clammyweed flatwoods & along sandy MacArthur Greene) firelanes Raphanus raphanistrum L. Wild Radish Annual Apr. EXOTIC (Native to Rare EXOTIC, not persistent SW Eurasia): Widespread Warea carteri Small Carter's Annual with fire- Sep.-Oct. ENDEMIC to c & s FL; Rare & local in scrubby 6, 7,18,18E,30,Hufty, Mustard stimulated growth Status: SE, FE flatwoods (especially adjacent to MacArthur yellow sand) CACTACEAE Opuntia humifusa (Raf.) Raf. (Opuntia Prickly-pear Perennial, thorny, Apr.-Jun. Coastal Plain & Piedmont Occasional to abundant in All Tracts except Harris & ammophila Small) (Opuntia austrina Cactus succulent scrubby flatwoods, scrub, Watters Small) (Opuntia compressa J.F. Macbr.) sandhills & seasonal ponds (Opuntia compressa var. ammophila (Small) L.D. Benson) (Opuntia compressa var. austrina (Small) L.D. Benson) (Opuntia cumulicola Small) (Opuntia eburnispina Small ex Britton & Rose) (Opuntia impedata Small ex Britton & Rose) (Opuntia lata Small) (Opuntia pisciformis Small ex Britton & Rose) (Opuntia pollardii Britton & Rose) (Opuntia polycarpa Small) (Opuntia turbinata Small) (Opuntia turgida Small ex Britton & Rose)

CAMPANULACEAE Lobelia glandulosa Walter Glades Perennial, Sep.-Oct. Coastal Plain & outer Rare in swales 18 Lobelia hydrophyte Piedmont, se VA to s FL, FL Triodanis biflora (Ruiz & Pavon) Greene Venus Annual Apr.-May Ontario to British Occasional weed in lawns SW (Triodanis perfoliata var. biflora (Ruiz & Looking-glass Columbia, FL to TX & Pavon) T.R. Bradley) (Specularia biflora CA, West Indies, Mexico, (Ruiz & Pavon) Fisch. & C.A. Mey.) C. & S. America

CAPRIFOLIACEAE [including Valerianaceae] Lonicera sempervirens L. (Phenianthus Trumpet Perennial, woody Mar. N. England to IA, NE, s to Planted along Loop Drive, SE sempervirens (L.) Raf. ex Small) Honeysuckle vine FL & TX escapes sparingly

Page 33 COMMON FLOWERING WORLD SCIENTIFIC NAME LIFE HISTORY HABITAT AT ABS DISTRIBUTION AT ABS NAME TIME DISTRIBUTION CARICACEAE Carica papaya L. Papaya Perennial, All year EXOTIC (Native to Rare, disturbed area of berm Price dioecious tree or tropical America): shrub peninsular FL, FL Keys, Mexico CARYOPHYLLACEAE Agrostemma githago L. Corn Cockle Annual herb Mar. EXOTIC (Native to Rare garden weed SE Europe) Drymaria cordata (L.) Willd. ex Roem. & West Indian Annual All year FL, West Indies, tropical Common weed in lawns SW Schult. Chickweed & subtropical America Paronychia americana (Nutt.) Fenzl ex American Annual or Jan.-Jul. Coastal Plain, SC to FL Common along firelanes NE,SE,NW,SW,19, Hufty, Walp. (Paronychia americana subsp. Nailwort biennial Price, MacArthur pauciflora (Small) Chaudhri) (Siphonychia americana (Nutt.) Torr. & A. Gray) (Siphonychia pauciflora Small)

Paronychia chartacea Fern. subsp. Papery Annual, Jun.-Oct. ENDEMIC to ridges of s c Common along firelanes & in All upland Tracts chartacea Fern. (Nyachia pulvinata Whitlow-wort dioecious, mat- FL: Status: SE, FT open rosemary scrub, occasional Small) [P. chartacea of Wunderlin & forming in scrubby flatwoods Hanson 2003] Paronychia herniarioides (Michx.) Nutt. Coastal Plain Annual May-Jun. Coastal Plain, NC to FL Occasional in scrubby flatwoods 30, 19 (Gastronychia herniarioides (Michx.) Wailwort Small) Stipulicida setacea C.W.James* Wireweed, Perennial Oct.-May Coastal Plain, NC to FL, Common in rosemary scrub and All upland tracts (Stipulicida filiformis Nash) Deyrup's MS along firelanes Dilemma CHRYSOBALANACEAE Licania michauxii Prance Gopher Apple Perennial, Feb.-Apr. Coastal Plain, FL to MS & Common in turkey oak sandhills, All upland Tracts (Chrysobalanus oblongifolius Michx.) creeping low GA oak scrub & open scrubby (Geobalanus oblongifolius (Michx.) shrub, clonal flatwoods Small) (Geobalanus pallidus Small) CISTACEAE Helianthemum corymbosum Michx. Pinebarren Perennial, Mar.-Jun. Coastal Plain SC to FL Occasional in swales & low SW,Hufty (Crocanthemum corymbosum (Michx.) Frostweed subshrub flatwoods Britton)

Page 34 COMMON FLOWERING WORLD SCIENTIFIC NAME LIFE HISTORY HABITAT AT ABS DISTRIBUTION AT ABS NAME TIME DISTRIBUTION Helianthemum nashii Britt. Florida Scrub Perennial, clonal Apr.-Nov. ENDEMIC to peninsular Common along firelanes, open NE,SE,NW,SW,6,7,18,18E (Crocanthemum nashii (Britton) Barnhart) Frostweed subshrub FL sand pine scrub & scrubby ,19,30,31, Hufty, (Crocanthemum thyrsoideum (Barnhart) flatwoods MacArthur Janch.) Lechea cernua Small Nodding Perennial, woody- Jul.-Aug. ENDEMIC to Lake Wales Locally common in rosemary 6,7,18,19,30,31, Hufty Pinweed based, fire- Ridge & e coast of scrub, especially after fire stimulated growth peninsular FL; Status: ST, MC Lechea deckertii Small (Lechea Woody Perennial, woody- Jun.-Sep. Coastal Plain s GA to Common in rosemary scrub & NE,SE,NW,SW,6,7,18,18E myriophylla Small) Pinweed based peninsular FL open scrubby flatwoods ,19,19E, 30,31, Hufty, Price Lechea divaricata Shuttlew. ex Britt. Drysand Perennial, woody- Jun.-Oct. ENDEMIC to FL; Status: Occasional on sand in open SW Pinweed based SE prairies Lechea sessiliflora Raf. (Lechea exserta Pineland Perennial, woody- All year FL Occasional along firelanes & in NE,NW,SW, 7,30 Small) (Lechea patula Legg) (Lechea Pinweed based scrub prismatica Small) Lechea torreyi (Chapm.) Legg. ex Britton Piedmont Perennial, woody- All year Coastal Plain SC to FL Occasional in low flatwoods & 7,18,19,30,31,Hufty (Lechea torreyi var. congesta Hodgdon) Pinweed based palmetto-wire grass stands

CLUSIACEAE [including Guttiferae, Hypericaceae] Hypericum brachyphyllum (Spach) Steud. Coastal Plain Perennial, shrub Apr.-May s GA to s FL, w to s MS Occasional in swales 30, Hufty St. John's- Wort Hypericum cistifolium Lam. (Hypericum Roundpod St. Annual, shrub May-Oct. Coastal Plain, NC to s pen Occasional in seasonal ponds SW,7,Hufty, Price, NE opacum Torr. & A. Gray) John's-Wort FL; w to e TX Hypericum cumulicola (Small) W. P. Scrub Perennial herb Apr.-Nov. ENDEMIC to Lake Wales Occasional in rosemary scrub & 6,7,19,30,31, Hufty, Adams (Sanidophyllum cumulicola Small) Hypericum Ridge in Polk & oak scrub, on white sand MacArthur Highlands Cos. in c FL; Status: SE, FE Hypericum edisonianum (Small) Adams Edison's Perennial, clonal Mar.-Dec. ENDEMIC to Highlands, Abundant on low, open ground All Tracts except Harris & Robson. (Ascyrum edisonianum Small) Hypericum shrub Glades & DeSoto Cos. of & bottoms of sandy seasonal peninsular FL; Status: SE, ponds MC Hypericum fasciculatum Lam. Sandweed Perennial, shrub Apr.-Nov. Coastal Plain NC to s FL, Occasional in seasonal ponds & NW,SW,7,18,19, (Hypericum aspalathoides Willd.) w to s MS on lakeshores Hufty,MacArthur, Watters Hypericum gentianoides (L.) Britton et al. Pineweed Annual Sep.-Oct. FL to TX, Ontario to ME Locally common in swales 18,31 (Sarothra gentianoides L.)

Page 35 COMMON FLOWERING WORLD SCIENTIFIC NAME LIFE HISTORY HABITAT AT ABS DISTRIBUTION AT ABS NAME TIME DISTRIBUTION Hypericum hypericoides (L.) Crantz St. Andrew's- Perennial, clonal VA to MO, s to s FL & e Rare, low flatwoods & oak scrub SE,6, Hufty (Ascyrum hypercoides L.) (Ascyrum cross shrub TX, Bermuda, Bahamas, linifolium Spach.) West Indies, C. America

Hypericum mutilum L. Dwarf St. Perennial Newfoundland & Quebec Locally common along NE,Hufty,Price John's-wort to Manitoba, s to s FL & c undisturbed low firelanes TX Hypericum reductum (Svenson) Sand Perennial, clonal Apr.-Nov. Coastal Plain, se NC to c Common in flatwoods & scrubby All Tracts except Harris W.P.Adams Hypericum shrub pen FL, FL panhandle, se flatwoods AL Hypericum tetrapetalum Lam. (Ascyrum St. Peter's- Perennial, shrub All year Coastal Plain, se GA to s Occasional, low ground & 6,7,18,19,30,31,Hufty tetrapetalum (Lam.) Vail ex Small) wort peninsular FL, e FL margins of low flatwoods panhandle, Cuba Triadenum virginicum (L.) Raf. Marsh St. Perennial, Jun.-Aug. NJ to NY, s c peninsular Occasional on lakeshores Hufty, Price (Hypericum virginicum L.) John's-wort rhizomatous FL, w to e TX CONVOLVULACEAE Cuscuta pentagona Engelm. (Cuscuta Love Vine, Perennial, May Cosmopolitan: MA to FL, Occasional on Bidens alba var. SE, SW campestris Yuncker) Five-angled parasitic vine TX, WA & CA, West radiata Dodder Indies, Dichondra caroliniensis Michx. Pony-foot Perennial herb January Coastal Plain, VA to s FL, Locally abundant in lawns SE, SW Sheep Grass Bermuda, Bahamas, w to

Ipomoea alba L. (Calonyction aculeatum Moon Flower Perennial vine Jun.-Oct. EXOTIC (Pantropical): s Common climber on shrubbery Harris (L.) House) FL Ipomoea cairica (L.) Sweet Mile-a-Minute Perennial vine May-Sep. EXOTIC (Native to Common in old garden area SW Vine Africa): Naturalized where cultivated, s FL, tropical America Ipomoea cordatotriloba Dennst. (Ipomoea Tievine Perennial vine Sept.-Oct. GA,FL,AL, Miss. trichocarpa Elliott) Ipomoea indica (Burm.) Merr. var. Oceanblue Annual, Perennial Sep.-Dec. peninsular FL, FL Keys to Occasional on scrubby edges NE, SE, NW acuminata (Vahl) Fosberg (Ipomoea Morning vine s TX; pantropical acuminata (Vahl) Roem. & Schult.) Glory (Pharbitis cathartica (Poir.) Choisy) Ipomoea pandurata (L.) G.F.W. Meyer Wild Potato Perennial vine May-Oct. NY,OH,MI, MO,& KS, s Occasional on scrubby edges SE, SW Vine to s c peninsular FL & e TX

Page 36 COMMON FLOWERING WORLD SCIENTIFIC NAME LIFE HISTORY HABITAT AT ABS DISTRIBUTION AT ABS NAME TIME DISTRIBUTION Ipomoea quamoclit L. (Quamoclit Cypress Vine Annual, twining Sep.-Oct. Coastal Plain & Piedmont, Garden weed on pineapple, not SW quamoclit (L.) Britton) vine pantropical persisting Ipomoea x leucantha Jacq. HYBRID Morning Perennial vine Aug.-Oct. Native, found in VA, SC, (Ipomoea cordatotriloba x Ipomoea Glory NM, LA, FL lacunosa ) Meremia dissecta (Jacq.) Hallier f. Noyau Vine Perennial vine Spring-Fall EXOTIC (Native to Disturbed thickets Watters, SW (Ipomoea sinuata Ortega) (Operculina tropical America) dissecta (Jacq.) House) Stylisma abdita Myint. (Bonamia adbita Showy Perennial herb Spring-Summer ENDEMIC to c FL; Occasionally, open sand in 30, 31 (Myint) R. W. Long) Dawnflower Status: SE rosemary scrub Stylisma villosa (Nash) House (Bonamia Hairy Perennial vine Jun.-Jul. ENDEMIC to peninsular Rare vine in hickory scrub MacArthur villosa (Nash) K.A. Wilson) Dawnflower FL CORNACEAE [including Nyssaceae] Nyssa sylvatica (Walter) Sarg. var. biflora Black Gum, Perennial, tree, Spring Chiefly Coastal Plain NJ Rare, understory tree in slash 18,NW, Price (Walter) Sarg. (Nyssa biflora Walter) Swamp tupelo dioecious to c FL, w to e TX pine swales, common in swamps (Nyssa ursina Small) polygamo- dioecious CUCURBITACEAE Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Mats. & Nakai Citron Annual, vine Apr.-Sep. EXOTIC (Native to Occasional along firelanes NE,SW,18E,19,19E, 30,31 (Citrullus vulgaris Schrad. ex Eckl. & tropical Africa) Zeyh) (Citrullus citrullus (L.) H. Karst)

Melothria pendula L. (Melothria pendula Creeping Perennial, Feb.-Sep. s FL to Mexico, VA, MO Local, disturbed ground & ditch SW, Hufty, Price var. aspera Cogn.) (Melothria pendula Cucumber monoecious or banks var. crassifolia (Small) Cogn.) (Melothria polygamous vine crassifolia Small) (Melothria nashii Small) Momordica charantia L. Wild Balsam Perennial vine All year EXOTIC (Native to Old Local in ruderal habitats, hedges SW, Hufty, Price Apple World tropics) & edges, post-fire in oak scrub CYRILLACEAE Cyrilla racemiflora L. (Cyrilla Leatherwood, Shrub Spring-Summer Coastal Plain FL to TX, Swamps Price racemiflora L. var. parviflora Sarg.) Swamp Titi VA, MO (Cyrilla arida Small) (Cyrilla parviflora Raf.) DROSERACEAE Drosera capillaris Poir. Pink Sundew Perennial, Dec.-Apr. Coastal Plain, VA to FL & Common, moist margins of NW,SW,7,18,30, 31, Price, insectivorous, TX, tropical America ponds & swales Watters, MacArthur hygrophyte

Page 37 COMMON FLOWERING WORLD SCIENTIFIC NAME LIFE HISTORY HABITAT AT ABS DISTRIBUTION AT ABS NAME TIME DISTRIBUTION EBENACEAE Diospyros virginiana L. (Diospyros Persimmon Perennial, Apr. s N. England, s to FL & e Locally common in mucky areas, NW, Hicora, Price mosieri Small) dioecious tree TX occasional in disturbed areas

ERICACEAE [including Empetraceae, Monotropaceae, Pyrolaceae] Bejaria racemosa Ventenant Tarflower Perennial, May-Jun. Coastal Plain, se GA to s Ubiquitous, especially in scrubby All upland Tracts evergreen shrub peninsular FL flatwoods Ceratiola ericoides Michx. Florida Perennial, Oct.-Nov. Coastal Plain SC to FL & Occasional in scrubby flatwoods SE,SW,6,7,18, 19, 30,31, Rosemary dioecious, MS & scrub, locally abundant on Hufty evergreen shrub white sand balds Gaylussacia dumosa (J.Kenn.) Torr. & Dwarf Perennial, Feb.-Mar. Coastal Plain & other Occasional in sandy areas of All upland Tracts A.Gray (Lasiococcus dumosus (J. Kenn.) Huckleberry deciduous shrub provinces. N.foundland to scrubby flatwoods & oak scrub Small) WV, s to FL & LA Gaylussacia frondosa (L.) Torr. & A. Dangleberry Perennial shrub Late Mar. NH to OH, s to c FL, FL Rare, in bayheads & low NE, NW, 7, Hufty Gray ex Torr. var. tomentosa A. Gray panhandle, s MS & LA flatwoods (Gaylussacia frondosa var. nana (A. Gray)) (Decachaena nana (A. Gray) Small) (Decachaena tomentosa (A. Gray) Small) (Gaylussacia nana (A. Gray) Small) (Gaylussacia tomentosa (A. Gray) Small) Lyonia ferruginea (Walter) Nutt. Rusty Lyonia Perennial, Feb.-Mar. Coastal Plain, SC to s c Abundant, turkey oak sandhills, All upland Tracts (Xolisma ferruginea (Walter) A. Heller) evergreen shrub peninsular FL, FL palmetto scrub & scrubby or tree panhandle, West Indies, flatwoods Mexico Lyonia fruticosa (Michx.) G. S. Torr. Costalplain Perennial, Feb.-Mar. Coastal Plain, GA to s Ubiquitous, palmetto & scrubby All Tracts except Harris & (Xolisma fruticosa (Michx.) Nash) Staggerbush evergreen, shrub peninsular FL, FL flatwoods Watters panhandle, West Indies Lyonia ligustrina (L.) DC. var. Maleberry Perennial shrub March-April Co Pl, s VA to c pen. FL foliosiflora (Michx.) Fernald. & e TX, OK, AR (Arsenococcus frondosus (Pursh) Small) (Arsenococcos ligustrinus (L.) Small, misapplied) Lyonia lucida (Lam.) K. Koch Fetterbush Perennial, Jan.-Mar. Coastal Plain, se VA to c Common in scrubby flatwoods, All Tracts evergreen, shrub peninsular FL & LA; w flatwoods, palmetto scrub & wet Cuba ponds Monotropa uniflora L. Indianpipe Perennial, root Nov.-Jan. Newfoundland to FL, CA Very rare, scrubby flatwoods & NE,SW, 7,18, 31 parasite to WA oak scrub

Page 38 COMMON FLOWERING WORLD SCIENTIFIC NAME LIFE HISTORY HABITAT AT ABS DISTRIBUTION AT ABS NAME TIME DISTRIBUTION Vaccinium corymbosum L. (Vaccinium Highbush Perennial, shrub Feb.-Mar. NJ to MI, AK & FL Occasional & local in bayheads NE,NW,SW, 7,18,19 Price amoenum Aiton) (Vaccinium arkansanum Blueberry & wet ponds Ashe) (Vaccinium ashei Reade) (Vaccinium australe Small) (Vaccinium elliottii Chapm.) (Vaccinium fuscatum Aiton) (Vaccinium virgatum Aiton) (Cyanococcus amoenus (Aiton) Small) (Cyanococcus elliottii (Chapm.) Small) (Cyanococcus fuscatus (Aiton) Small) (Cyanococcus holophyllus Small) (Cyanococcus virgatus (Aiton) Small)

Vaccinium darrowii Camp Darrow's Perennial, clonal, Mar. s GA to s c peninsular FL, Common in seasonal ponds, All Tracts except Harris & Blueberry low shrub w to s c TX flatwoods & scrubby flatwoods Watters Vaccinium myrsinites Lam. Shiny Perennial, clonal, Mar. Coastal Plain, se SC, s GA Common in seasonal ponds, All Tracts except Harris & (Cyanococcus myrsinites (Lam.) Small) Blueberry low shrub to s peninsular, FL scrubby flatwoods, flatwoods & Watters panhandle & s AL rosemary scrub EUPHORBIACEAE Acalypha gracilens A. Gray Slender Annual Sep.-Oct. Coastal Plain & Piedmont, Rare, margin of undisturbed trail NW Threeseed MA to FL, w to TX Mercury Chamaesyce blodgettii (Engelm. ex Spurge Annual, perennial Mar.-Oct. s peninsular FL FL Keys, Occasional along firelanes SW Hitchc.) Small (Euphorbia blodgettii herb West Indies Engelm ex. Hitchc.) (Chamaesyce nashii Small) (Chamaesyce chiogenes Small) Chamaesyce hirta (L.) Millsp. Hairy Spurge Annual herb Jul.-Oct. Coastal Plain, FL, Mex, to Common ruderal & garden weed SE,SW,Hufty,Main- (Euphorbia hirta L.) TX, West Indies grounds Chamaesyce hyssopifolia (L.) Small Hyssopleaf Annual All year US & s Canada, West Common ruderal, garden & NE,SE,NW,SW,7, (Euphorbia maculata L., misapplied) Sandmat Indies & Mexico, tropical roadside weed Maingrounds (Euphorbia hyssopifolia L.) & subtropical America Chamaesyce maculata (L.) Small Spotted Annual Feb.-Sep. US & s Canada Common ruderal & garden weed SE,SW,19 (Euphorbia supina Raf.) (Euphorbia Spurge maculata L.) (Chamaesyce tracyi Small) (Chamaesyce mathewsii Small) Cnidoscolus stimulosus (Michx.) Engelm. Tread Softly Perennial, Mar.-Nov. Chiefly Coastal Plain, FL Occasional in sandhills, All except Watters & & A. Gray (Bivonea stimulosa (Michx) moneocious to LA, VA rosemary scrub, scrubby Harris Raf.) flatwoods & sandy roads

Page 39 COMMON FLOWERING WORLD SCIENTIFIC NAME LIFE HISTORY HABITAT AT ABS DISTRIBUTION AT ABS NAME TIME DISTRIBUTION Croton glandulosus (A.M. Ferguson) Simpson's Perennial, May-Jul. FL & FL Keys se US, Common, margins of scrubby NE,SE,NW,SW, 19, Hufty, R.W. Long var. glandulosus L. (Croton Croton dioecious Mexico West Indies, flatwoods & roadsides Price glandulosus var. angustifolius Müll.Arg.) tropical (Croton glandulosus var. septentrionalis Mull. Arg.) (Croton glandulosus var. simpsonii A.M. Ferguson) (Croton arenicola Small) Croton michauxii G.L. Webster Michaux's Annual Aug.-Oct. Coastal Plain SC to FL & Occasional along firelanes, sandy NE,SE,NW,SW, (Crotonopsis linearis Michx.) Croton TX roads & trails 6,7,18,18E,19 Euphorbia rosescens E. L. Bridges & Scrub Spurge Perennial Apr.-Jun. ENDEMIC Highlands Co. Rare in rosemary scrub, scrubby 30, 31 Orzell flatwoods, roads Euphorbia polyphylla Engelm. ex Chapm. White- Perennial herb Mar.-Oct. ENDEMIC to s FL Locally common in low pine SW (Tithymalopsis polyphylla (Engelm. ex flowered flatwoods Chapm.) Small) Spurge Phyllanthus tenellus Roxb. (Phyllanthus Mascarene Annual Mar.-Sep. EXOTIC (Native to Africa Very local weed in plaza area SW lathyroides Kunth., misapplied) Island & Mascarene Islands) Leafflower Poinsettia heterophylla (L.) Klotzsch & Painted Leaf Perennial, Dec.-Apr. FL to AK, WI, SD, Rare, hedges & edges around SW, Hufty Garcke ex Klotzsch (Euphorbia moneocious tropical America plaza & cage area heterophylla L.) (Poinsettia geniculata (Ortega) Klotzsch & Garcke ex Klotzsch)

Ricinus communis L. Castorbean Perennial, herb or Oct. EXOTIC (Native to Local ruderal SW,30 subshrub Africa) Stillingia sylvatica L. (Stillingia sylvatica Queen's Perennial herb Mar. Coastal Plain FL to TX, Occasional in pine flatwoods SW subsp. tenuis (Small) D.J.Rodgers) Delight MO & VA (Stillingia angustifolia (Müll. Arg.) Engelm. ex S. Watson) (Stillingia spathulata (Müll. Arg.) Small) (Stillingia tenuis Small) Tragia urens L. (Tragia linearifolia Wavyleaf Perennial herb Feb.-Oct. Coastal Plain FL to TX, s Common in disturbed sand in SE Elliott) Noseburn VA oak scrub FABACEAE Abrus precatorius L. (Abrus abrus (L.) Rosary pea, Perennial, partly Sep. EXOTIC (Native to Old Common in main grounds & on SE,SW, MacArthur W. Wight) Crab's Eye woody vine, World) Red Hill, rare in citrus groves, twining occasional in scrub

Page 40 COMMON FLOWERING WORLD SCIENTIFIC NAME LIFE HISTORY HABITAT AT ABS DISTRIBUTION AT ABS NAME TIME DISTRIBUTION Amorpha fruticosa L. (Amorpha bushii Bastard Indigo Perennial, shrub Sep.-Oct. ME to s Quebec to WY, s Occasional, firelanes 31 Rydb.) (Amorpha croceolanata P. Watson) to s peninsular FL (Amorpha curtissii Rydb.) (Amorpha dewinkeleri Small) (Amorpha fruticosa var. croceolanata (P. Watson) Mouill) (Amorpha virgata Small)

Apios americana Medik. (Glycine apios Groundnut Perennial, vine Summer-Fall FL to TX, MN Watters L.) Centrosema arenicola (Small) F.J. Herm. Pineland Perennial, twining Aug.-Sep. ENDEMIC to FL; Status: Occasional, along sandy roads, SE,SW (Centrosema floridanum (Britton) Lakela) Butterfly-pea vine SE twining on scrub (Bradburya floridana Britton) (Bradburya arenicola Small) Chamaecrista fasciculata (Michx.) Partridge Pea Annual, herb (in Jun.-Sep. FL to TX, MN to MA Common along sandy roadways, All upland Tracts Greene (Cassia fasciculata var. brachiata Maryland) abandoned pastures, oak scrub & (Pollard) Pullen ex Isely) (Cassia scrubby flatwoods fasciculata var. puberula (Greene) J.F. Macbr.) (Cassia fasciculata var. robusta (Pollard) J.F. Macbr.) (Chamaecrista robusta (Pollard) A. Heller) (Chamaecrista littoralis Pollard) (Chamaecrista depressa (Pollard) Greene) (Chamaecrista deeringiana Small & Pennell) (Chamaecrista brachiata Pollard) (Cassia fasciculata Michx.) (Cassia deeringiana (Small & Pennell) J.F. Macbr.) (Cassia chamaecrista L.) (Cassia brachiata (Pollard) J.F. Macbr.)

Chamaecrista nictitans (Muhl. ex Elliott) Wild Sensitive Perennial herb May-Sep. Coastal Plain FL, GA, SC Occasional along primitive roads SW, SE, 7, Hufty H.S. Irwin & Barneby* (Cassia nictitans Plant & firelanes L.) Chapmannia floridana Torr. & A. Gray Florida Alicia Perennial, herb, May-Sep. ENDEMIC to peninsular Common along sandy firelanes All Tracts colonizes open FL & roadsides, occasional in areas scrubby flatwoods

Page 41 COMMON FLOWERING WORLD SCIENTIFIC NAME LIFE HISTORY HABITAT AT ABS DISTRIBUTION AT ABS NAME TIME DISTRIBUTION Clitoria fragrans Small (Martiusia Pigeonwings Perennial herb, May-Jun. ENDEMIC to c Ridge in Rare in oak scrub & sandhills on SE,18E,19E, Hufty, fragrans (Small) Small) fire-stimulated Highlands, Orange, & yellow sand MacArthur growth & Polk cos., FL; Status: SE, flowering FE Crotalaria lanceolata E. Mey. Lanceleaf Annual herb Sep.-Oct. EXOTIC (Native to Rare, disturbed scrub 19 Rattlebox Africa) Crotalaria pallida Aiton var. obovata (G. Smooth Perennial Jan.-Oct. EXOTIC (Native to Common in citrus grove & SE Don) Polhill (Crotalaria mucronata Desv., Rattlebox subshrub, herb Africa) disturbed sandy soils misapplied) (Crotalaria striata DC., misapplied) Crotalaria rotundifolia J.F.Gmel. Rattlebox Perennial herb Jan.-Oct. Coastal Plain, FL to LA & Common in palmetto-wire grass NW,SW,NE,SE, (Crotalaria maritima var. linaria (Small) VA flatwoods, scrubby flatwoods & 7,18,19,30,31, Hufty H. Senn) (Crotalaria rotundifolia var. oak scrub vulgaris Windler) (Crotalaria maritima Chapm.) (Crotalaria linaria Small) (Crotalaria angulata Mill., misapplied)

Crotalaria spectabilis Roth (Crotalaria Showy Annual, taproot All year EXOTIC (Native to Old Locally common, roadsides & SE, 7,31 retzii Hitchc.) Rattlebox World tropics) disturbed sandy soil Dalea feayi (Chapm) Barneby Feay's Perennial Jul.-Sep. Coastal Plain, c peninsular Common in scrubby flatwoods, SE,SW, 6,7,18, 19,30,31, (Petalostemon feayi Chapm) Prairieclover subshrub, herb FL & s GA sandhills & turkey oak sandhills Hufty, MacArthur

Desmodium floridanum Chapm. Beggarweed Perennial herb Mar.-Sep. Coastal Plain & adjacent Rare, low flatwoods & sandhills 7, 19 (Meibomia rhombifolia (Elliott) Vail, provinces & FL & GA misapplied) Desmodium incanum DC (Desmodium Common Tick- Perennial Mar.-May s FL, weed throughout Occasional disturbed sandy areas SW, Hufty canum Schinz & Thell.) (Meibomia cana trefoil subshrub/shrub warm regions S. F. Blake) Desmodium tortuosum (Swartz) DC Florida Annual, ruderal Mar.-Aug. Coastal Plain, FL & GA Common, roadside & waste SE,SW (Meibomia purpurea (Mill.) Vail) Beggarweed places Desmodium triflorum (L.) DC (Sagotia Tickclover Perennial herb Sep.-Oct. EXOTIC (Native to Old Occasional in low flatwoods SW triflora (L.) Duchass. & Walp.) World)

Desmodium viridiflorum (L.) DC Velvetleaf Perennial Summer-fall Coastal Plain, FL w to TX (Meibomia viridiflora (L.) Kuntze.) Ticktreoil subshrub, shrub, & n to NY herb

Page 42 COMMON FLOWERING WORLD SCIENTIFIC NAME LIFE HISTORY HABITAT AT ABS DISTRIBUTION AT ABS NAME TIME DISTRIBUTION Erythrina herbacea L. (Erythrina arborea Coralbean, Tree, subshrub, Feb.-Mar. Coastal Plain NC to FL & Planted along drive & in main SE,SW (Chapm.) Small) Cherokee shrub TX grounds, sparingly escaping Bean Galactia elliottii Nutt. Elliott's Perennial, vine, Jun.-Jul. Coastal Plain & provinces Common along sandy trails & in SE,SW,7,18, 30, 31, Hufty, Milkpea fire-stimulated NC to TN, FL scrub, scrubby flatwoods & Price, MacArthur growth & turkey oak sandhills flowering Galactia regularis (L.) Britton et al. Eastern Perennial, Aug.-Sep. Coastal Plain NY to FL, Common climber in oak scrub & SE,SW, Hufty, (Galactia fasciculata Vail) (Galactia Milkpea prostrate or LA & TN, West Indies turkey oak sandhills 7,18,19,30,31, MacArthur floridana Torr. & A. Gray) (Galactia climbing, fire- microphylla (Chapm.) D. W. Hall & D. B. stimulated growth Ward ex Isely) (Galactia minor W. H. & flowering Duncan) (Galactia pinetorum Small) (Galactia prostrata Small) (Galactia smallii H. J. Rogers ex A. Herndon) Indigofera caroliniana Mill. Carolina Perennial, Jun. Coastal Plain FL, LA, NC Occasional, roadsides & ditch SW, 19 Indigo shrubby, branches banks from base

Lupinus diffusus Nuttall (Lupinus Skyblue Perennial Jan.-Mar. Coastal Plain NC to FL & Common in turkey oak sandhills, SE, 19,30 cumulicola Small) Lupine MS oak scrub & sandhills Macroptilium atropurpureum (Mocino & Purple Perennial Aug.-Sep. EXOTIC (Native to Rare in disturbed areas SE Sessé ex DC.) Urb. Bushbean herb/vine tropical America) Mimosa quadrivalvis var. angustata Sensitive Briar Perennial, Feb.-Jun. Coastal Plain VA to FL & Occasional, climbing on Quercus 31,7, Watters (Torr. & A. Gray) Barneby (Leptoglottis subwoody vine TX myrtifolia in scrubby flatwoods angustisiliqua Britton & Rose) (Leptoglottis chapmanii Small ex Britton & Rose) (Leptoglottis microphylla (Dryand. ex Sm.) Britton & Rose) (Schrankia uncinata Willd.) (Schrankia microphylla (Dryand. ex Sm.) J.F. Macbr.)

Page 43 COMMON FLOWERING WORLD SCIENTIFIC NAME LIFE HISTORY HABITAT AT ABS DISTRIBUTION AT ABS NAME TIME DISTRIBUTION Mimosa quadrivalvis var. floridana Florida Perennial, Feb.-Apr. ENDEMIC to FL Occasional to abundant in oak All upland Tracts (Chapm.) Barneby (Schrankia microphylla Sensitive Briar subwoody vine scrub, scrubby flatwoods & low var. floridana (Chapm.) Isley) flatwoods (Leptoglottis floridana (Chapm.) Small ex Britton & Rose) (Schrankia uncinata Willd., misapplied) Rhynchosia cinerea Nash Brownhair Perennial, Feb.-Mar. ENDEMIC to peninsular Occasional in oak scrub SE,SW,18E, 19E, Hufty, Snoutbean herbaceous vine FL & Keys MacArthur Rhynchosia minima (L.) DC. (Dolicholus Least Perennial, Sep.-Oct. Coastal Plain SC to FL & Occasional along fence line, 18E minimus (L.) Medik) Snoutbean, herbaceous vine TX twining on palmetto Dollar Leaf Tephrosia chrysophylla Pursh (Cracca Scurf Perennial, herb Mar.-Apr. Coastal Plain GA to FL & Occasional in scrubby flatwoods SE,SW, 7,18 carpenteri Rydb.) (Cracca chapanii (Vail) Hoarypea woody root MS & low flatwoods Small)(Cracca chrysophylla (Pursh) Kuntze) Vicia acutifolia Ell. Sand Vetch Perennial, trailing Feb.-Mar. Coastal Plain GA to AL & Common, margins of drains SW or climbing herb FL Vigna luteola (Jacq.) Benth. (Vigna Hairypob Perennial, Jan.-Apr. Coastal Plain NC to FL & Occasional, margins of drains SW,6, Hufty marina (Burm. f.) Merr., misapplied) Cowpea herbaceous vine TX, West Indies, (Vigna repens (L.) Kuntze) pantropical FAGACEAE Quercus chapmanii Sarg. Chapman's Perennial, shrub Apr.-May Coastal Plain, SC to FL Common in turkey oak sandhills, NE,SE,NW,SW, Oak or tree, oak scrub & scrubby flatwoods 6,7,18,18E,19, 19E,30,31, monoecious, Hufty, Price, MacArthur clonal Quercus geminata Small (Quercus Sand Live Perennial, shrub Apr. Coastal Plain, NC to FL & Abundant in scrubby flatwoods All except Harris virginiana var. geminata (Small) Sarg.) Oak or tree, MS & oak scrub, common in turkey monoecious, oak sandhills clonal Quercus incana Bartr. (Quercus cinerea Bluejack Oak Perennial, shrub Spring Coastal Plain, NC to FL & Rare in turkey oak sandhills SE Michx.) or tree, TX, c TX monoecious Quercus inopina Ashe Scrub Oak Perennial, shrub Apr. peninsular FL, mainly Dominant in scrubby flatwoods, All except Price, Harris, or tree, Lake Wales Ridge locally abundant in open oak Watters monoecious, scrub clonal

Page 44 COMMON FLOWERING WORLD SCIENTIFIC NAME LIFE HISTORY HABITAT AT ABS DISTRIBUTION AT ABS NAME TIME DISTRIBUTION Quercus laevis Walter Turkey Oak Perennial, shrub Jan.-Mar. Chiefly Coastal Plain, VA Common in turkey oak sandhills, SE,SW,6,7,18, or tree, to FL & LA occasionally in flatwoods & oak 18E,19,19E,30, MacArthur monoecious scrub Quercus laurifolia Michx. (Quercus Laurel Oak Perennial, tree, Jan.-Mar. s NJ to s peninsular FL, w Rare in low flatwoods NE,NW,SW, Watters hemisphaerica W. Bartr. ex Willd.) monoecious to se TX (Quercus obtusa Ashe.) Quercus minima (Sarg.) Small Dwarf Live Perennial, shrub, Apr. Coastal Plain, NC to FL & Common in scrubby flatwoods & SE,NW,SW, 7,18, Oak monoecious, MS flatwoods, particularly after burn 19,30,31, MacArthur clonal Quercus myrtifolia Willd. Myrtle Oak Perennial, shrub Spring SC to FL & MS Common in sandhills & oak All except Watters & or tree, scrub, frequent in scrubby Harris monoecious, flatwoods & sandhill clonal Quercus virginiana Mill. Live Oak Perennial, tree, Mar.-Apr. Outer Coastal Plain, se Rare in bayheads, planted in NW,SW,Hufty, Price, monoecious VA to GA & FL, w to e & main grounds area Watters s GELSEMIACEAE Gelsemium sempervirens (L.) W.T.Aiton Carolina Perennial, woody Jan.-Mar. Coastal Plain & Piedmont, Common climber in flatwoods, NE,SE,NW,SW, Price Jessamine evergreen vine VA & FL, w to e TX & bayheads, edges of oak scrub, AK main grounds & fences GENTIANACEAE Bartonia verna (Michx) Raf. ex Barton Bartonia Annual or Nov.-Apr. Coastal Plain, NC to s FL, Rare, margin of wet prairies & 7,31 biennial w to se TX seasonal ponds Sabatia brevifolia Raf. (Sabatia elliottii Marsh-pinks Annual Aug.-Nov. Coastal Plain, SC, s to FL, Occasional, prairies, low pine 7,18,31 Steud.) s AL flatwoods & oak scrub Sabatia difformis (L.) Druce (Sabatia White Sabatia Perennial, Sep.-Oct. Coastal Plain, s NJ to Occasional in swales 18 paniculata (Michx.) Pursh) rhizomatous peninsular FL & panhandle, Sabatia grandiflora (A. Gray) Small Large- Annual Mar.-Nov. peninsular FL, FL Occasional, margins of seasonal SW, 7,31 flowered panhandle, se AL, Cuba ponds & low pine flatwoods Marsh-pink Sabatia stellaris Pursh Rose-of- Annual Oct.-Nov. s MA, on coast to most of Locally common in seasonal 31 Plymouth coastal FL, w to LA; ponds Bahamas, w Cuba, c Mexico

Page 45 COMMON FLOWERING WORLD SCIENTIFIC NAME LIFE HISTORY HABITAT AT ABS DISTRIBUTION AT ABS NAME TIME DISTRIBUTION HALORAGACEAE Myriophyllum laxum Shuttlew. ex Chapm. Green Parrot's- Perennial herb spring-fall FL, s GA, s AL Abundant in Lake Annie Hufty feather

Myriophyllum pinnatum (Walter) Britton Cutleaf Perennial Jun.-Oct. MA to KS, FL & TX, Abundant in Lake Annie Hufty et al. Watermilfoil polygamo- West Indies monoecious submersed aquatic ITEACEAE Itea virginica L. Virginia Perennial, shrub Mar.-Apr. s NJ & PA, s to peninsular Occasional in bayheads, along SW,NE, Hufty, Price Willow FL & e TX, n to OK, AK, lakeshores, margins of seasonal TN, KY, IL, & MO ponds, Price Tr.

JUGLANDACEAE Carya floridana Sarg. (Hicoria floridana Scrub Hickory Perennial, tree, Mar.-Apr. ENDEMIC to peninsular Common in turkey oak sandhills, NE,SE,NW,SW, (Sarg.) Sudw. monoecious FL oak scrub & on yellow sand 6,7,18,18E,19, ridges 19E,30,Hufty, Price, MacArthur LAMIACEAE Calamintha ashei (Weatherby) Shinners Ashe's Savory Perennial, shrub, Jan.-Apr. ENDEMIC to Lake Wales Locally common in hickory & SE, 7, 30, 31, MacArthur (Clinopodium ashei (Weath.) Small) stoloniferous Ridge, Marion Co. to oak scrub Highlands Co. FL; Status: ST, C Callicarpa americana L. Beauty Berry Perennial, shrub Apr.-May MD to FL, TX, OK, Edges of lawns, roads & trails SE, SW, Hufty Mexico, West Indies Dicerandra frutescens Shinners subsp. Scrub Balm, Perennial, Aug.-Sep. ENDEMIC to s LWR, Occasional in scrub & sandhills, NE, SE, 18, 18E, 19, 19E, frutescens Lake Placid subshrub Lake Placid, Highlands locally abundant in some MacArthur Scrub Mint Co., FL; abandoned firelanes Hyptis alata (Raf.) Shinners (Hyptis alata Musky Mint Perennial herb Sep.-Oct. Coastal Plain, NC to s Occasional in seasonal ponds & 19, 31 var. stenophylla Shinners) (Hyptis radiata peninsular FL & se TX, swales Willd.) West Indies Hyptis mutabilis (A. Richard) Briquet Bitter Mint Perennial herb All year EXOTIC (Native to Locally common along fence SW, NW tropical America): FL, sw rows GA, s

Page 46 COMMON FLOWERING WORLD SCIENTIFIC NAME LIFE HISTORY HABITAT AT ABS DISTRIBUTION AT ABS NAME TIME DISTRIBUTION Piloblephis rigida (Bartr. ex Benth.) Raf. Wild Shrub All Year ENDEMIC to peninsular Common but local in palmetto- SW, 18, 19, 30, 31 (Pycnothymus rigidus (W. Bartram ex Pennyroyal FL wire grass flatwoods Benth.) Small) (Satureja rigida Bartr. ex Benth.) Salvia coccinea Buc'hoz ex Etl. Tropical Sage Annual All Year FL to TX, MO, Mexico, Common in old garden area, near SW West Indies, tropical cottages America Salvia lyrata L. Lyreleaf Sage Annual or Spring/Fall SC, GA, FL, AL, MI Lake Annie, Main Drive perennial Salvia occidentalis Sw. West Indian Annual, perennal Spring/Fall Central and northern Sage herb penninsula Stachys floridana Shuttlew. ex Benth. Florida Perennial, Mar.-Apr. Chiefly Coastal Plain, se Scrubby borders & thickets, SW, Harris Hedgenettle rhizomatous VA to s FL, e TX often ruderal Trichostema dichotomum L. Forked Annual or weak Apr.-Oct. VA & MO, FL & TX Common in scrubby flatwoods & NE,SE, NW,SW,6,7, 18, (Trichostema suffrutescens Kearney) Bluecurls perennial rosemary scrub 18E, 19, 30,31, Hufty, Price, MacArthur LAURACEAE Cassytha filiformis L. Love Vine Perennial, Nov. ENDEMIC to s FL Rare on Quercus myrtifolia SE,18, Price parasitic vine Cinnamomum camphora (L.) J. Presl. Camphortree Tree Spring EXOTIC (Native to Asia): Introduced & sparingly escaping NW,SW, 18 (Camphora camphora (L.) Karst.) FL into bayheads Persea borbonia (L.) Spreng. var. Red Bay Perennial, Feb.-Mar. VA to FL & TX Common in bayheads, occasional NE,NW,SW, 7, 18,19, borbonia (L.) Spreng. (Tamala borbonia evergreen, tree or along margins of seasonal ponds Hufty, Price (L.) Raf.) (Tamala littoralis (Small) Small) shrub (Persea littoralis Small) Persea borbonia (L.) Spreng. var. humilis Silk Bay Perennial, Apr.-May ENDEMIC to FL Common in turkey oak sandhills, All Tracts except Harris, (Nash) L.E. Kopp* (Persea humilis Nash) evergreen, small oak scrub & scrubby flatwoods Watters (Tamala humilis (Nash) Small) tree or shrub

Persea palustris (Raf.) Sarg. (Persea Swamp bay Perennial, Mar.-Apr. Coastal Plain, VA to s FL Common in bayheads NW,NE,SW, 7, Hufty, borbonia var. pubescens (Pursh) Little) evergreen, tree or to se TX Watters (Tamala pubescens (Pursh) Small) shrub LENTIBULARIACEAE Pinguicula caerulea Walter Blueflower Perennial, Mar. Coastal Plain, se NC to Rare, swales 18, 19 Butterwort hydrophyte Lake Okeechobee, FL panhandle; Status: ST

Page 47 COMMON FLOWERING WORLD SCIENTIFIC NAME LIFE HISTORY HABITAT AT ABS DISTRIBUTION AT ABS NAME TIME DISTRIBUTION Pinguicula lutea Walter Yellow Perennial, Jan.-Apr. Coastal Plain, se NC to Rare, mucky border of trails, in 7,18,19,Lake Annie Butterwort hydrophyte Lake Okeechobee, w to low pine flatwoods & swales LA; Pinguicula pumila Michx. Pink Annual or Oct.-Mar. Coastal Plain, se NC to s Locally common, low borders of 7,18,19 Butterwort perennial, FL to se TX, Bahamas palmetto-wire grass flatwoods hygrophyte Utricularia cornuta Michx. (Stomosisia Horned Annual or Nov.-Mar. Newfoundland to Quebec, Occasional, margins of seasonal 31, Price cornuta (Michx.) Raf.) Bladderwort perennial, Ontario to Manitoba, s to ponds hydrophyte Utricularia floridana Nash Florida Perennial, Coastal Plain, SC to c FL, Abundant submergent, found Hufty,Lake Annie Yellow hydrophyte FL panhandle & sw GA throughout Lake Annie Bladderwort Utricularia gibba L. (Utricularia biflora Two-flowered Annual or Feb.-Mar. Chiefly Coastal Plain, s N. Locally abundant in drainage SW, Harris Lam.) (Utricularia pumila Walter, Bladderwort perennial, free- England to s FL, se TX & ditches misapplied) (Utricularia fibrosa Walter) floating aquatic e OK

Utricularia olivacea Wright ex Griseb. Piedmont Annual or Coastal Plain, NJ to FL, Occasional but rarely observed 7 (Biovularia olivacea (C. Wright ex Bladderwort perennial West Indies, S. America in seasonal ponds Griseb.) Kamienski hydrophyte Utricularia purpurea Walter (Vesiculina Eastern Purple Annual or Nov.-Apr. ne N. America, s on Occasional in shallow water of 7, Hufty, Lake Annie purpurea (Walter) Raf.) Bladderwort perennial free Coastal Plain to s FL, se seasonal ponds aquatic TX, Utricularia subulata L. (Setiscapella Tiny Annual or All year Nova Scotia, se MA to s Locally abundant, low wet NE,NW,SW, 6,7,18, 19, cleistogama (A. Gray) Barnhart) Bladderwort perennial, FL, TX & AK, TN, West ground, especially low firelanes 30, 31, Hufty, Price (Setiscapella subulata (L.) Barnhart) hydrophyte, Indies, tropical America & cleistogamous Asia LYTHRACEAE Ammannia latifolia L. (Ammannia teres Toothcups Annual Dec.-Jan. Coastal Plain NJ to s FL, Rare, drainage ditch SW Raf.) (Ammannia koehnei Britt.) w to se TX, tropical America, West Indies Cuphea carthagenensis (Jacq.) J.F. Columbian Annual, perennial Summer-Fall EXOTIC (Native to S. Macbr. (Parsonsia balsamona (Cham. & waxweed herb America) Schltdl.) Standl.) MAGNOLIACEAE Magnolia virginiana L. Sweetbay Perennial, shrub Apr. Coastal Plain, MA to TN, Occasional in bayheads & low SW,NE,7,18,19,30, Hufty, or tree FL & e TX flatwoods Price, Watters

Page 48 COMMON FLOWERING WORLD SCIENTIFIC NAME LIFE HISTORY HABITAT AT ABS DISTRIBUTION AT ABS NAME TIME DISTRIBUTION MALVACEAE [including Sterculiaceae, Tiliaceae, Byttneriaceae] Malvastrum coromandelianum (L.) Threelobe Perennial, weedy Mar.-Sep. EXOTIC (Pantropical) Rare on berm Price Garcke False Mallow Sida acuta Burm. f. (Sida carpinifolia L. Broomweed Annual or short- All year se US to Mexico, CA, Common, main grounds & NE,SE,NW,SW, Hufty f.) lived perennial, West Indies, S. America, roadsides herbaceous or Old suffrutescent Sida cordifolia L. Sida Annual, Perennial All year EXOTIC (native to East Common weed of disturbed areas SW, Hufty, Price shrub, subshrub, Indies) & lakeshores herb Urena lobata L. Caesarweed Perennial, sub- All year ne to s FL, & throughout Rare, edge of dredge cut, NE,NW,SW, 18, Hufty woody herb tropical & subtropical common, shady areas under trees areas of main grounds MELASTOMATACEAE Rhexia cubensis Griseb. West Indian Perennial, Apr.-Nov. Coastal Plain NC to s FL, Occasional, low mucky areas 7,18,19,30,31 Meadowbeaut rhizomatous w to MS, West Indies y Rhexia mariana L. (Rhexia lanceolata Pale Perennial, Apr.-Nov. MA to VA, KY, IL, s to s Common, margins of seasonal NE,NW,SW,7,18,19, 31, Walter) (Rhexia mariana var. exalbida Meadowbeaut rhizomatous FL & se OK, & e TX ponds, wet prairies & low mucky Hufty, Price, Watters, Michx.) y areas MacArthur Rhexia nuttallii James Nuttall's Perennial Mar.-Nov. Coastal Plain, se GA & FL Common in low pinelands & 7,18,19,30,31 Meadowbeaut swales y MELIACEAE Melia azedarach L. Chinaberrytre Perennial, tree Apr. EXOTIC (Native to Asia): Rare, fence rows Price e commonly cultivated

MENYANTHACEAE Nymphoides aquatica (J.F. Gmel.) Kuntze Big Perennial, Mar.-Apr. Coastal Plain, s NJ to FL Abundant in shallow water near Hufty, Price Floatingheart helophyte & e TX lakeshores MOLLUGINACEAE Mollugo verticillata L. Indian Annual Feb.-Mar. EXOTIC (Native to Common garden weed SE, SW Chickweed tropical America)

Page 49 COMMON FLOWERING WORLD SCIENTIFIC NAME LIFE HISTORY HABITAT AT ABS DISTRIBUTION AT ABS NAME TIME DISTRIBUTION MORACEAE Ficus aurea Nutt. Strangler Fig Perennial, Spring-Fall s c peninsular FL, FL Occasional epiphyte on oak & Price germinates on Keys, Bahamas, Cuba, gum host, grows as Jamaica, Hispaniola, epiphyte or Cayman Islands strangler MYRICACEAE Myrica cerifera L. (Myrica cerifera var. Wax Myrtle, Perennial, Feb.-Mar. Coastal Plain, s NJ to s Common in bayheads, flatwoods, NE,SE,NW,SW, pumila Michx.) (Cerothamnus Bayberry evergreen shrub FL, w to e TX, se OK, moist ditch borders 6,7,18,18E,19, 19E,30,31, caroliniensis (Mill). Tidestr.) (Cerothamnus monoecious or ceriferus (L.) Small) (Cerothamnus dioecious pumilus (Michx.) Small) (Morella cerifera (L) Small) (Myrica pusilla Raf.)

MYRSINACEAE Rapanea punctata (Lam.) Lundell Myrsine Perennial, Aug.-Dec. c peninsular to s FL & FL Common around dug pond, Price (Rapanea guianensis Aubl., misapplied) evergreen shrub Keys, tropical America behind berm (Myrsine floridana A. DC.) (Myrsine or tree guianensis (Aubl.) Kuntze, misapplied) MYRTACEAE Eugenia uniflora L. Surinam Tree, shrub All year EXOTIC (Native to S. Disturbed hammocks Wash house-MG cherry America): s & s-c FL Melaleuca quinquenervia (Cav.) S. T. Punk Tree Perennial, tree All Year EXOTIC (Native to Price, Harris Blake Australia): s FL & warm regions, New Guinea & New Caledonia Rhodomyrtus tomentosa (Ait.) Hassk. Rose Myrtle Perennial, shrub Spring EXOTIC (Native to East EXOTIC, formerly common on Price Asia & Australia) berm, ditch bank, edge of borrow pit NYCTAGINACEAE Boerhavia diffusa L. (Boerhavia coccinea Red Perennial All year Warm temperate & Abundant garden weed SW Mill.) Spiderling pantropical Boerhavia erecta L. Erect Annual All year s US, West Indies, C. & S. Occasional weed along plaza SW Spiderling America margins

Page 50 COMMON FLOWERING WORLD SCIENTIFIC NAME LIFE HISTORY HABITAT AT ABS DISTRIBUTION AT ABS NAME TIME DISTRIBUTION Mirabilis jalapa L. Four-O'Clock Perennial shrub, Jul.-Sep. EXOTIC (Native to S. Rare & local weed around SE,SW subshrub, herb America): Warm buildings temperate & tropical regions NYMPHAEACEAE Nuphar advena subsp. advena (Aiton) Spatterdock Perennial, aquatic Mar.-Apr. FL to TX, MA, MN Common in Lake Annie & Lake 18, Hufty, Price W.T. Aiton (Nuphar lutea (L.) Sm. subsp. or paludal Placid, abundant in borrow pit, advena (Sol.) Kartesz & Gandhi (Nuphar Price Tr. lutea subsp. macrophyllum ( Small ) E.O. Beal) (Nymphaea chartacea G.S. Mill & Standl.) (Nymphaea fluviatilis R.M. Harper) (Nymphaea macrophylla Small)

OLACACEAE Ximenia americana L. Tallowood, Perennial, shrub All year Widespread in tropics & Occasional in all but wet habitats All except Harris, Watters Hog Plum or small tree, frost- subtropics sensitive, root parasite OLEACEAE Jasminum dichotomum Vahl Gold Coast Perennial, All Year EXOTIC (Native w Cottage 4 MG Jasmine sprawling vine Africa): s FL Jasminum fluminense Vellozo Brazilian Perennial, All Year EXOTIC (Native to Roadside, top of Red Hill Jasmine sprawling vine Brazil) Osmanthus americanus (L.) Benth. & Wild Olive Perennial, Feb.-Mar. Coastal Plain, se VA to Occasional in oak scrub Price Hook. f. ex A. Gray (Amarolea americana polygamous tree FL, w to LA (L.) Small) Osmanthus megacarpus (Small) Small ex Scrub Olive Perennial, Feb.-Mar. ENDEMIC to c peninsular Rare in oak scrub, rosemary NE, SE, 19, 30, 31, Hufty. Little (Amarolea megacarpa (Small)) polygamous shrub FL scrub Type Locality is near Lake or tree Annie ONAGRACEAE Gaura angustifolia Michx. (Gaura Southern Annual herb May-Aug. Coastal Plain NC to FL Common along firelanes & SW, Hufty eatonii Small) (Gaura simulans Small) Gaura sandy trails Ludwigia erecta (L.) Hara (Jussiaea Yerba de Annual, Spring-fall peninsular & ne FL, Growing along lakeshore Price erecta L.) Jicotea hygrophyte tropical America, Old World tropics Ludwigia lanceolata Ell. Lance-leaf Perennial, Oct.-Dec. Coastal Plain, FL to NC Occasional in dredge cut 18 Primrose helophyte Willow

Page 51 COMMON FLOWERING WORLD SCIENTIFIC NAME LIFE HISTORY HABITAT AT ABS DISTRIBUTION AT ABS NAME TIME DISTRIBUTION Ludwigia leptocarpa (Nutt.) Hara Anglestem Annual All year Coastal Plain, NC to c Occasional in shallow water at Price (Jussiaea leptocarpa Nutt.) Primrose peninsular FL, w TX, se pond's edge Willow MO Ludwigia linearis Walter Narrow-leaf Perennial, Aug.-Sep. Chiefly Coastal Plain, s NJ Rare in swales 31 Primrose hydrophyte to n FL, w to se TX, AK, Willow TN, c FL Ludwigia maritima R.M.Harper Seaside Perennial, Nov.-Apr. Coastal Plain, NC to s Locally common along margins 7,30, 18-rare Primrose hydrophyte peninsular FL, n to e LA of palmetto scrub Willow Ludwigia microcarpa Michx. Small-fruit Perennial Chiefly Coastal Plain, NC Abundant, sides of firelanes in 7 Primrose to s FL, w to LA, c TN, wet sand Willow Ludwigia octovalvis (Jacq.) Raven Mexican Annual or Nov.-Apr. Coastal Plain, se NC to s Rare along wet, mucky roads 7,18,19 Price (Jussiaea angustifolia Lam.) (Jussiaea Primrose perennial FL, w to e TX, pantropical scabra Willd. misapplied) Willow subshrub Ludwigia palustris (L.) Ell. (Isnardia Marsh Perennial, Spring-Fall c peninsular FL & Drainage ditch near plaza SW palustris L.) Seedbox hydrophyte throughout temperate N. America, Eurasia, Africa Ludwigia peruviana (L.) Hara (Jussiaea Primrose Perennial, Mar.-Nov. c peninsular & s FL, FL & Common along few drainage SW, Hufty, Price, Watters, peruviana L.) Willow hygrophyte, s GA, tropical America ditches & in Lake Annie Harris woody base, subshrub Ludwigia repens Forst. (Isnardia Water Perennial, free- Sep. Coastal Plain, NC to FL, Occasional in drainage ditches NW,SW intermedia Small & Alex. Ex Small) Primrose floating or w to NM, n to OK, MO, (Isnardia repens DC.) submerged TN, CA, s to Mexico, aquatic herb to West Indies subshrub Ludwigia sphaerocarpa Ell. Globe-fruit Perennial, May-Sep. Coastal Plain, MA to s c Occasional in swamps, low SW, Price Seedbox hydrophyte peninsular FL, to e TX, IN flatwoods, & lower end of & s MI swamps Ludwigia suffruticosa Walter Shrubby Perennial, Apr.-May Coastal Plain, NC to s FL, Occasional in low scrubby SW, Price Primrose rhizomatous, & s MS flatwoods & along lakeshore Willow clonal Oenothera laciniata Hill (Raimannia Evening Bienniel, cut- May VT to SD, s to FL & TX, Very rare, along undisturbed lane NW laciniata (Hill) Rose ex ex Britton & A. Primrose leaved West Indies, Mexico Br.)

Page 52 COMMON FLOWERING WORLD SCIENTIFIC NAME LIFE HISTORY HABITAT AT ABS DISTRIBUTION AT ABS NAME TIME DISTRIBUTION OROBANCHACEAE Agalinis fasciculata (Ell.) Raf. (Agalinis False Annual, Oct. Chiefly Coastal Plain, s Occasional, wire-grass palmetto SW fasciculata var. penninsularis Pennell) Foxglove hemiparasite MD to s peninsular FL & flatwoods (Gerardia fasciculata Elliott) (Gerardia c TX, inland to NE, AK, fasciculata subsp. peninsularis (Pennell) MO Pennell) Agalinis filifolia (Nutt.) Raf. (Gerardia Gerardia Annual Jul.-Oct. Coastal Plain, se GA to Locally common in burned SW, 7,18, 18E, 19, 30, 31, filifolia Nutt.) FL, sw AL scrubby flatwoods, occasional Hufty, Price elsewhere Agalinis linifolia (Nutt.) Britt. (Gerardina Flaxleaf False Perennial, Sep.-Oct. Coastal Plain, DE, NC to s Rare in swales 7, 18 linifolia Nutt.) Foxglove rhizomatous FL, to s LA Buchnera americana L. (Buchnera Bluehearts Annual, Perennial Jun.-Oct. Coastal Plain, GA to s FL, Occasional in open scrub NE,SE,NW,SW, 6,7, 18, floridana Gand.) (Buchnera elongata Sw., or Biennial herb w to MS 18E, 19, 30,31, Hufty, misapplied) (Buchnera breviflora Pennell) MacArthur

Seymeria pectinata Pursh (Afzelia Piedmont Perennial, Mar.-Sep. Coastal Plain, SC to FL & Occasional in scrubby flatwoods 7, 18, 31, Hufty, Price, pectinata var. peninsularis Pennell) Blacksenna hemiparasite MS & rosemary scrub MacArthur (Afzelia pectinata (Pursh) Kuntze) OXALIDACEAE Oxalis corniculata L. (Oxalis florida Yellow Wood Perennial, Dec.-Apr. Coastal Plain & adjacent Occasional in lawns & disturbed SE,SW,7 Salisb. subsp. prostrata (Haw.) Lourteig) Sorrel caulescent, province, NY to FL, MO areas (Oxalis dillenii Jacq.) (Oxalis stricta L.) stoliniferous, herb & (Xanthoxalis corniculata (L.) Small) (Xanthoxalis cymosa (Small) Small) (Xanthoxalis langloisii Small) (Xanthoxalis stricta (L.) Small) PASSIFLORACEAE Passiflora suberosa L. (Passiflora pallida Passionflower Perennial vine, May Pantropical, TX, Mexico, L.) subshrub or forb West Indies, s FL PETIVERIACEAE Rivina humilis L. Rouge Plant Perennial herb, All year Coastal Plain, FL to TX, Main grounds SW subshrub or vine AK PHYTOLACCACEAE Phytolacca americana L. (Phytolacca Pokeweed Perennial, Mar.-Sep. ME to MN, s to FL & TX Common along hedges, edges & NE,SE,NW,SW, 7, 31, americana var. rigida (Small) Caulkins & colonizer of & AK, Mexico lakeshores Hufty, Price, MacArthur Wyatt) (Phytolacca rigida Small) disturbed ground

Page 53 COMMON FLOWERING WORLD SCIENTIFIC NAME LIFE HISTORY HABITAT AT ABS DISTRIBUTION AT ABS NAME TIME DISTRIBUTION POLYGALACEAE Polygala cruciata L. (Polygala ramosior Cross-leaved Annual Jul.-Sep. s ME to MN, s to c Occasional in grassy swales of NW,7, Hufty (Nash ex B.L. Rob.) Small) Milkwort peninsular FL & e TX low flatwoods Polygala cymosa Walter (Pilostaxis Tall Biennial Mar.-May Coastal Plain, DE s to s c Margins of seasonal ponds & NW,7,18,31 cymosa (Walter) Small) Pinebarron FL, w to LA swales Milkwort Polygala grandiflora Walter (Polygala Showy Annual herb Jan.-Apr. ENDEMIC to lower east Occasional in low flatwoods NW,SW,Hufty grandiflora var. angustifolia Torr. & A. Milkwort coast of peninsular FL Gray) (Polygala grandiflora var. leiodes S.F. Blake) (Asemeia grandiflora var. angustifolia Small) (Asemeia cumulicola (Small)Small) (Asemeia grandiflora (Walter) Small) (Asemeia leiodes (S.F. Blake) Small) (Asemeia miamiensis (Small ex S.F. Blake) Small) (Polygala krugii Chodat) Polygala incarnata L. (Galypola Procession Annual Nov.-Apr. Long Island to MI, WI, Occasional in oak scrub & SE,6,18,18E, 19, Hufty incarnata (L.) Nieuwl.) Flower IO, NB s to s FL & e TX, sandhills Mexico Polygala nana (Michx.) DC. (Pilostaxis Wild Annual or Dec.-Mar. Coastal Plain GA to s Common in low flatwoods, 7,18,19,30,31, Hufty nana (Michx.) Raf. ex Small) Bachelor's biennial peninsular FL, w to se TX swales & seasonal or dry ponds Button Polygala polygama Walter (Polygala Reemed Biennial or short- Jan.-May FL to TX, Nova Scotia & Occasional in oak scrub & SE,SW, 18,30,31 aborigina Small) Milkwort lived perennial Manitoba scrubby flatwoods herb, taproot, cleistogamous Polygala rugelii Shuttlew. ex Chapm. Yellow Annual, biennial Sep.-Apr. ENDEMIC to ne & Common in swales, palmetto- NW,6,7,18,19,31, Hufty, (Pilostaxis rugelii (Shuttlew. ex Chapm.) Bachelor's or Occasional peninsular FL wire grass flatwoods & margins Watters, MacArthur Small) Button perennial of wet prairies Polygala setacea Michx. Costal Plain Perennial Nov.-May Coastal Plain GA to s Common in palmetto-wire grass SW,7,18,19,30,31 Milkwort peninsular FL, w to MS flatwoods MacArthur POLYGONACEAE Eriogonum longifolium Nutt. var. Scrub Perennial partially Jan.-Nov. ENDEMIC to c peninsular Occasional in oak scrub & SE, 18E, 19E gnaphalifolium Gand. (Eriogonum Buckwheat woody herb, fire- FL, from Marion Co. to sandhills, yellow sand floridanum Small) stimulated Highlands Co; Status: ST, flowering FT

Page 54 COMMON FLOWERING WORLD SCIENTIFIC NAME LIFE HISTORY HABITAT AT ABS DISTRIBUTION AT ABS NAME TIME DISTRIBUTION Polygonella basiramia (Small) Nesom & Hairy Perennial herb, Sep.-Oct. ENDEMIC to Lake Wales Common in scrubby flatwoods, NE,SE,NW,SW,6,7,18E,19 Bates (Polygonella ciliata var. basiramia Wireweed short-lived & Bombing Range Ridges, oak scrub & rosemary scrub, ,19E, 30,31, MacArthur (Small) Horton) (Delopyrum basiramium c FL: Status: SE, FE especially open sand Small) Polygonella gracilis Meisn. (Delopyrum Tall Jointweed Perennial, herb Jul.-Nov. SC to FL Common in flatwoods, scrubby All upland Tracts filiforme Small) (Delopyrum gracile flatwoods, scrub, sandy firelanes (Meisn.) Small) & seasonal ponds Polygonum hirsutum Walter (Persicaria Mild Perennial herb All year Coastal Plain, NC to Common in sawgrass swales Price hirsuta var. glabrescens (Meisn.) Small) Waterpepper peninsular FL, FL (Persicaria hirsuta (Walter) Small) panhandle & s GA

Polygonum hydropiperoides Michx. Mild Perennial, All year Nova Scotia to British Occasional, swales & swamps 18,31, Price (Polygonum hydropiperoides var. Waterpepper colonizer Columbia, through most of opelousanum (Riddell ex Small) Stone & US Radford et al.) (Persicaria hydropiperoides (Michx.) Small) (Polygonum opelousana (Riddell ex Small) Small) (Persicaria opelousanum Riddell ex Small) Polygonella myriophylla (Small) Horton Woody Perennial, shrub, Apr.-Jul. ENDEMIC to Lake Wales Rare, oak scrub on yellow sand NE, SE (Dentoceras myriophyllum Small) Wireweed prostrate Ridge, FL: Status: SE, FE

Polygonella polygama (Meisn.)* Jointweed Perennial Sep.-Oct. Coastal Plain NC to FL Occasional to common in All upland tracts subshrub scrubby flatwoods & oak scrub Polygonella robusta (Small) Nesom & Sandhill Perennial, Aug., Dec.-Jan. ENDEMIC to peninsular Locally common on rosemary 6,7,30,31, MacArthur Bates (Polygonella fimbriata var. robusta Wireweed subshrub FL scrub (Small) Horton) (Thysanella robusta Small) Rumex hastatulus Baldwin Hastate-leaf Annual (winter) Mar. Coastal Plain, FL to TX, Common roadside weed NW, NE Dock KS, IL PORTULACACEAE Portulaca pilosa L. Pink Purslane Annual Mar.-May Coastal Plain, NC to s FL, Common weed in lawns & SE, SW LA, tropical America gardens Talinum paniculatum (Jacq.) Gaertn. Pink Baby's- Perennial Nov.-Jan. EXOTIC (Native to West Common weed in citrus grove SE Breath subshrub, shrub, Indies) herb

Page 55 COMMON FLOWERING WORLD SCIENTIFIC NAME LIFE HISTORY HABITAT AT ABS DISTRIBUTION AT ABS NAME TIME DISTRIBUTION RHAMNACEAE Berchemia scandens (Hill) K. Koch Rattan Vine Perennial, woody Mar.-Apr. Coastal Plain se VA to s Rare, wet woods, vicinity of SW vine FL & TX, n to AK, s MO, water treatment plant TN, Mexico, C. America

Sageretia minutiflora (Michx.) Mohr Buckthorn Perennial, shrub Aug. Coastal Plain NC to FL & Occasional along roadsides SE MS ROSACEAE Photinia pyrifolia (Lam.) K.R. Robertson Red Perennial, shrub Spring Newfoundland, Nova Occasional in swales & wet 18, Hufty & J.B. Phipps (Aronia arbutifolia (L.) Chokeberry Scotia to e TX & c thickets Pers.) (Aronia atropurpurea Britton, peninsular FL misapplied) (Aronia melanocarpa (Michx.) Elliott, misapplied) (Pyrus arbutifolia (L.) L.f.) (Sorbus arbutifolia (L.) Heynh.) Prunus geniculata Harper Scrub plum Perennial, clonal Feb.-Mar. ENDEMIC to c FL; Margin of rosemary scrub & Bald 42, Sec 30 shrub Status: SE, FE scrubby flatwoods Prunus umbellata Ell. Hog Plum Perennial, tree Feb.-Mar. Coastal Plain SC to FL & Rare in scrub 19 LA Rosa bracteata Wendl. McCartney Perennial, shrub All year EXOTIC (Native to Locally common, hedges & SW Rose China) edges Rubus argutus Link (Rubus betulifolius Blackberry Perennial, shrub Mar.-May Coastal Plain, VA to IL, Rare, edge of berm Price Small) (Rubus floridus Tratt) (Rubus FL & MS persistens Rydb. Ex Small) (Rubus tallahasseanus L. H. Bailey) (Rubus ucetanus L.H. Bailey) Rubus flagellaris Willd. (Rubus enslenii Northern Perennial, shrub Feb.-Mar. Coastal Plain & adjacent Occasional, margins of bayheads NE,NW,SW, Hufty Tratt) (Rubus rhodophyllus Rydb. ex. Dewberry provinces, MA to FL, & low flatwoods Small) MO, Rubus trivialis Michx. (Rubus Southern Perennial, shrub Feb. Coastal Plain & outer Occasional in low flatwoods NW,SW, 18 continentalis (Focke) L.H. Bailey) (Rubus Dewberry Piedmont, VA to s FL, w ictus L.H. Bailey) (Rubus lucidus Rydb. to TX, n to MO & IL ex Small) (Rubus mirus L.H. Bailey) (Rubus okeechobeus L.H. Bailey)

Page 56 COMMON FLOWERING WORLD SCIENTIFIC NAME LIFE HISTORY HABITAT AT ABS DISTRIBUTION AT ABS NAME TIME DISTRIBUTION RUBIACEAE Cephalanthus occidentalis L. Button Bush Perennial, shrub Apr.-May FL to TX, CA, Ontario, Occasional along lakeshore in Price, Harris, Watters (Cephalanthus occidentalis var. pubescens West Indies, Mexico Acer swamps Raf.) Diodia teres Walter (Diodia rigida Cham. Poor-Joe Annual All year s NE to WI & LA, s to FL Common along firelanes & other NE,SE,NW,SW, 6,7, & Schltdl., misapplied) (Diodella rigida & TX, AK disturbed areas of sandy soil 18,18E,19,19E, 30,31, (Cham. & Schltdl.) Small, misapplied) Hufty, Price (Diodella teres (Walter) Small)

Diodia virginiana L. (Diodia hirsuta Buttonweed Perennial herb All year Nova Scotia to MO, s to s Rare, edge of seasonal ponds 19 Pursh) (Diodia tetragona Walter) FL & e OK & TX Galium pilosum Ait. (Galium pilosum Bedstraw Perennial herb May-Sep. FL to TX, KS, MA, Common in old fields SE var. laevicaule Weath. & S.F. Blake) Ontario (Galium pilosum var. puncticulosum (Michx.) Torr. & A. Gray) Galium tinctorium L. (Galium obtusum Stiff Marsh Perennial Dec.-Apr. Newfoundland & QU to Occasional, ditch margins SW var. floridanum (Wiegand) Fernald ex/ R. Bedstraw Ontario, MI, N. England, s W. Long & Lakela, nom. nud) to FL & e TX

Houstonia procumbens (J. F. Gmel.) Innocence Perennial Dec.-Mar. Coastal Plain, SC to FL & Common along sandy trails, NE,NW,SW,6,7, (Hedyotis procumbens (J.F. Gmel.) LA occasional in palmetto scrub 18,19,30,31, Hufty Fosberg Oldenlandia corymbosa L. (Hedyotis Flattop Mille Annual All year s FL, West Indies, tropical Occasional along fire trails & in NE,SE,NW,SW, 18, 19, corymbosa (L.) Lam. Graines America, Old World other disturbed areas 30, 31

Oldenlandia uniflora L. (Hedyotis Clustered Annual Aug.-Nov. Coastal Plain Long Island Occasional, margins of seasonal SW, Price uniflora (L.) Lam) (Hedyotis uniflora var. Mille Graines to s FL, e TX, n to se MO ponds fasciculata (Bertol.) W. H. Lewis) (Oldenlandia fasciculata (Bertol.) Small)

Psychotria ligustrifolia (Northrop) Millsp. Bahama Wild Perennial, shrub Spring-summer s FL Price (Psychotria bahamensis Millsp.) Coffee Psychotria nervosa Sw. (Psychotria Wild Coffee Perennial, shrub, Jun.-Aug. s FL, West Indies, tropical Rare in swamps, planted along Price, SW nervosa var. lanceolata (Nutt.) Sarg.) frost-sensitive America Loop Drive (Psychotria undata Jacq.) Richardia brasiliensis Gomes Tropical Perennial herb All year EXOTIC (Native to S. Rare, margin of trails & ditches SW Mexican America): peninsular FL Clover

Page 57 COMMON FLOWERING WORLD SCIENTIFIC NAME LIFE HISTORY HABITAT AT ABS DISTRIBUTION AT ABS NAME TIME DISTRIBUTION Richardia scabra L. Mexican Annual All year EXOTIC (Native to Common along firelanes NE,SE,NW,SW,6,7, Clover tropical America): Coastal 18,18E,19,19E,30, 31, Plain, NC to FL & TX Hufty

Spermacoce assurgens Ruiz & Pavon Woodland Annual Feb.-Oct. Coastal Plain, s FL, to LA, Occasional in ditches SW (Borreria laevis (Lam.) Griseb., False West Indies, C. America, misapplied) Buttonweed S. America Spermacoce prostrata Aubl. (Borreria Prostrate False Annual Feb.-Dec. Coastal s FL, FL Keys, Occasional in ditches & wet SW,7 ocymoides (Burm. f.) DC., misapplied) Button weed West Indies, tropical roadsides America SALICACEAE Salix caroliniana Michx. (Salix amphibia Carolina Perennial, shrub Jan.-Feb. MD, w to s IN, s IL, MO Abundant in swamps, occasional 19, NE, Hufty, Harris Small) (Salix longipes Shuttlew. ex Willow or small tree & KN, s to s FL & s c TX, in bayheads, rare elsewhere Andersson) SAPINDACEAE [including Aceraceae, Hippocastanaceae] Acer rubrum L. (Acer rubrum var. Southern Perennial, Winter-Spring e Canada to Manitoba s to Rare in seasonal ponds, swales & 18, Hufty, Harris, trilobum Torr. & A. Gray ex K. Koch) Acer, Red polygamodioecio s FL, OK & e TX bayheads, abundant in swamps Hicora,Price (Acer rubrum var. drummondii (Hook. & Maple us tree Arn. ex Nutt.) Sarg.) (Acer rubrum var. tridens A.W. Wood) (Rufacer rubrum (L.) Small) (Rufacer drummondii (Hook. & Arn. ex Nutt.) Small) (Rufacer carolinianum (Walter) Small)

SAPOTACEAE Sideroxylon reclinatum subsp. Milk Perennial, shrub Apr. Coastal Plain, s GA & FL Rare, roadside to Red Hill SE reclinatum Michx. (Bumelia microcarpa Buckthorn Small) (Bumelia reclinata (Michx.) Vent.)

Sideroxylon rufohirtum Herring & Judd Florida Bully Perennial shrub Spring Northern and central (Sideroxylon reclinatum subsp. peninsula, Dixie Co. rufotomentosum ( Small) Kartez & Gandhi) (Bumelia reclinata var. rufotomentosa (Small) Cronquist) (Bumelia rufotomentosa Small) Sideroxylon tenax L. (Bumelia lacuum Tough Perennial, tree or Mar.-Apr. Coastal Plain, SC to FL Occasional scrubby flatwoods, SE, 7,30, 31, Hufty, Price, Small) (Bumelia megacocca Small) Buckthorn shrub open oak scrub & rosemary MacArthur (Bumelia tenax (L.) Willd.) scrub

Page 58 COMMON FLOWERING WORLD SCIENTIFIC NAME LIFE HISTORY HABITAT AT ABS DISTRIBUTION AT ABS NAME TIME DISTRIBUTION SOLANACEAE Physalis arenicola Kearney (Physalis Sand Ground Perennial herb May-Jun. FL, GA & AL Occasional, disturbed ground & SE arenicola var. ciliosa (Rydb.) Waterf.) Cherry roadsides (Physalis ciliosa Rydb.) Physalis walteri Nutt. (Physalis elliottii Ground Perennial herb All Year Coastal Plain, VA to s FL, Edge of sandy road through SE, 18, 31, Hufty, Kunze) (Physalis maritima M.A. Curtis) Cherry tropical America scrubby flatwoods MacArthur (Physalis viscosa L. var. elliottii (Kunze) Waterf.) (Physalis viscosa L. subsp. maritima (M.A. Curtis) Waterf.) (Physalis viscosa L. var. maritima (M.A. Curtis) Rydb.) Solanum americanum Mill. (Solanum American Perennial herb or Feb.-Mar. Coastal Plain, NC to FL, Occasional in grassy waste SW nigrum L., misapplied) Black subshrub TX, tropical America places Nightshade Solanum capsicoides All. (Solanum Soda-apple Perennial herb or Aug.-Nov. Nova Scotia to FL Occasional, fence rows 7, 30 31, Price aculeatissimum Jacq., misapplied) subshrub (Solanum.. ciliatum Lam.) TETRACHONDRACEAE Polypremum procumbens L. Rustweed Perennial, herb Spring-Fall Long Island, NJ, e PA to e Common, natural fire breaks & SE,SW,6,7,18,18E, MO, s to s FL & e TX, margins of firelanes 19,19E,30,31, Hufty, Price tropical America THEACEAE Gordonia lasianthus (L.) Ellis Loblolly Bay Perennial tree Apr. Coastal Plain NC to n of Common in bayheads, rare in SE,NW,SW,7, 18, Price Lake Okeechobee, swales & around margins of peninsular FL, w to LA some seasonal ponds TURNERACEAE Piriqueta cistoides subsp. caroliniana Piriqueta Perennial Jun.-Oct. Coastal Plain NC to FL, Rare, margins of turkey oak SE,SW (Walter) Arbo (Piriqueta caroliniana Cuba & Hispaniola sandhills & oak scrub (Walter) Urb.) (Piriqueta caroliniana var. glabra (DC.) Urb.) (Piriqueta caroliniana var. tomentosa (A.W. Wood) Urb.) (Piriqueta glabrescens Small) (Piriqueta tomentosa Kunth, misapplied) (Piriqueta virdis Small)

Page 59 COMMON FLOWERING WORLD SCIENTIFIC NAME LIFE HISTORY HABITAT AT ABS DISTRIBUTION AT ABS NAME TIME DISTRIBUTION URTICACEAE Boehmeria cylindrica (L.) Sw. False Nettle Perennial, Apr.-May Quebec & Ontario to MN, Occasional in bayheads & along NW,SW,NE,7, Price (Boehmeria cylindrica var. drummondia monoecious herb s to FL & TX drainage systems (Wedd.) Wedd.) (Boehmeria drummondiana Wedd.) (Boehmeria decurrens Small) Parietaria floridana Nutt. (Parietaria Pellitory Annual or short- Feb.-Mar. Coastal Plain, DE to FL, w Occasional ditch bank weed SW nummularia Small) lived perennial, to TX, CA, Cuba polygamo- monoecious Pilea microphylla (L.) Liebm. Artillery Plant Perennial, Nov.-Jan. Throughout tropical Common along ditch banks, SW dioecious or America especially on granite monoecious herb embankments VERBENACEAE Lantana camara L. (Lantana camara var. Shrub Perennial, shrub All year Coastal Plain, GA, FL to Edges of lawns, roads, & trails SW, Hufty aculeata (L.) Moldenke) (Lantana Verbena TX, tropical & subtropical aculeata L.) (Lantana depressa var. America floridana (Moldenke) R. W. Sanders) (Lantana depressa var. sanibelensis R. W. Sanders) Phyla nodiflora (L.) Greene (Lippia Carpet Weed Perennial, herb All year Coastal Plain, VA to s FL, Moist but disturbed areas, SW, 31, Hufty nodiflora (L.) Michx.) Frogbit TX, OK, AK, MO, especially lawns & roadsides pantropical Verbena scabra Vahl Harsh Perennial herb May-Aug. Coastal Plain, VA to s FL, Roadsides, edges of drains & SW, 31, Hufty Verbena w to Central America; n ditches & low flatwoods Mexico, West Indies

VERONICACEAE Bacopa monnieri (L.) Pennell (Bramia Water Hyssop Perennial, Sep. Outer Coastal Plain, se Occasional in drainage ditches NW, SW monnieri (L.) Pennell) helophyte, rooted VA to s FL & FL Keys, to or free-floating c & s TX, subtropics & tropics Gratiola ramosa Walter Hedge Hyssop Perennial herb Feb.-Mar. Coastal Plain, MD, se NC Common but local in low 19, 30 to s FL, to sw LA flatwoods & scrubby flatwoods Limnophila sessiliflora Blume Asian Perennial, Oct.-Dec. EXOTIC(Native of Old Local in drainage ditches, SW Marshweed hydrophyte World tropical) sw GA & recently introduced and escaped FL, sporadic elsewhere from cultivation

Page 60 COMMON FLOWERING WORLD SCIENTIFIC NAME LIFE HISTORY HABITAT AT ABS DISTRIBUTION AT ABS NAME TIME DISTRIBUTION Linaria floridana Chapm. (Nuttallanthus Apalachicola Annual Fall-Spring Coastal Plain, GA to FL & Occasional in flatwoods, rare in NE,SE,NW,SW, 6,7, 18, floridanus (Chap.) D.A. Sutton) Toadflax MS scrubby flatwoods, common in 18E, 19, 19E, 30, 31, fields Hufty, Price Lindernia grandiflora Nutt. (Ilysanthes False Annual or Nov.-May se GA to s peninsular FL Margin of seasonal ponds in low 30 grandiflora (Nutt.) Benth.) Pimpernel biennial flatwoods Mecardonia acuminata (Walter) Small Axil Flower Perennial herb Apr.-May Coastal Plain & Piedmont, Rare, margin of palmetto-scrub 7, 18E DE & MD to s FL & e TX, inland to s MO, TN

Mecardonia acuminata subsp. Axil Flower Perennial herb Spring, Fall Coastal Plain & Piedmont, peninsularis (Pennell) Rossow DE & MD to s FL & e (Mecardonia acuminata var. peninsularis TX, Pennel) Micranthemum glomeratum (Chapm.) Manatee Annual herb, Mar. ENDEMIC to peninsular Local in drainage ditches SW Shinners (Hemianthus glomeratus Mudflower helophyte FL (Chapm.) Pennell) Scoparia dulcis L. Sweet Broom, Perennial herb Aug.-Sep. EXOTIC (Native to Occasional as a ruderal SW, 19, 31 Licorice Weed tropical America): chiefly Coastal Plain, SC to s FL & LA VIOLACEAE Viola lanceolata L. (Viola lanceolata Bog White Perennial, Mar. NJ & MN to FL & TX Locally abundant in wet sections NE,NW, MacArthur subsp. vittata (Greene) N.H. Russell) Violet acaulescent, of pine flatwoods (Viola vittata Greene) rhizomatous & stoloniferous herb VISCACEAE Phoradendron leucarpum (Raf.) Reveal & Mistletoe Perennial, Sep.-Mar. NJ to MO, s to FL & w to Occasional parasite on oaks in NE,SE,NW,SW, 6,7,18,19, M.C. Johnst. (Phoradendron serotinum parasitic, NM scrubby flatwoods & oak scrub Price subsp. macrotomum (Trel.) M.C. Johnst.) dioecious (Phoradendron eatonii Trel.) (Phoradendron flavescens (Pursh) Nutt., misapplied) (Phoradendron macrotomum Trel.) (Phoradendron serotinum (Raf.) M.C. Johnst.)

Page 61 COMMON FLOWERING WORLD SCIENTIFIC NAME LIFE HISTORY HABITAT AT ABS DISTRIBUTION AT ABS NAME TIME DISTRIBUTION VITACEAE Ampelopsis arborea (L.) Koehne Pepper Vine Perennial, woody Spring MD to IL & MO, s to FL, Occasional, roadsides to Red SE, SW shrub or vine OK, TX, West Indies Hill & along ditch near cage areas, rare elsewhere Parthenocissus quinquefolia (L.) Planch. Virginia Perennial, woody Spring FL to TX, Manitoba to Occasional, hedges, edges, NE,SE,NW,SW, 7, Hufty, (Parthenocissus quinquefolia fma. hirsuta Creeper vine Quebec fences & bayheads Price (Pursh) Fernald) Vitis rotundifolia Michx. (Vitis Muscadine Perennial, Apr.-May FL & GA Abundant in bayheads, NE,SE,NW,SW, rotundifolia var. munsoniana (J.H. Grape polygamodioecio occasional elsewhere 6,7,18,18E, 19,19E, Hufty, Simpson ex Munson) M.O. Moore) us vine Price (Muscadinia munsoniana (J.H. Simpson ex Munson) Small) (Muscadinia rotundifolia (Michx.) Small) (Vitis munsoniana J.H. Simpson ex Munson)

Vitis shuttleworthii House (Vitis coriacea Calusa Grape Perennial, vine Apr.-May PA, FL, West Indies Occasional on fences NE, 30 Shuttlew. ex Planch.)

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