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Ka И @И Ka M Л @Л Ga Н @Н Ga M М @М Nga О @О Ca П
ISO/IEC JTC1/SC2/WG2 N3319R L2/07-295R 2007-09-11 Universal Multiple-Octet Coded Character Set International Organization for Standardization Organisation Internationale de Normalisation Международная организация по стандартизации Doc Type: Working Group Document Title: Proposal for encoding the Javanese script in the UCS Source: Michael Everson, SEI (Universal Scripts Project) Status: Individual Contribution Action: For consideration by JTC1/SC2/WG2 and UTC Replaces: N3292 Date: 2007-09-11 1. Introduction. The Javanese script, or aksara Jawa, is used for writing the Javanese language, the native language of one of the peoples of Java, known locally as basa Jawa. It is a descendent of the ancient Brahmi script of India, and so has many similarities with modern scripts of South Asia and Southeast Asia which are also members of that family. The Javanese script is also used for writing Sanskrit, Jawa Kuna (a kind of Sanskritized Javanese), and Kawi, as well as the Sundanese language, also spoken on the island of Java, and the Sasak language, spoken on the island of Lombok. Javanese script was in current use in Java until about 1945; in 1928 Bahasa Indonesia was made the national language of Indonesia and its influence eclipsed that of other languages and their scripts. Traditional Javanese texts are written on palm leaves; books of these bound together are called lontar, a word which derives from ron ‘leaf’ and tal ‘palm’. 2.1. Consonant letters. Consonants have an inherent -a vowel sound. Consonants combine with following consonants in the usual Brahmic fashion: the inherent vowel is “killed” by the PANGKON, and the follow- ing consonant is subjoined or postfixed, often with a change in shape: §£ ndha = § NA + @¿ PANGKON + £ DA-MAHAPRANA; üù n. -
Proposal for a Gurmukhi Script Root Zone Label Generation Ruleset (LGR)
Proposal for a Gurmukhi Script Root Zone Label Generation Ruleset (LGR) LGR Version: 3.0 Date: 2019-04-22 Document version: 2.7 Authors: Neo-Brahmi Generation Panel [NBGP] 1. General Information/ Overview/ Abstract This document lays down the Label Generation Ruleset for Gurmukhi script. Three main components of the Gurmukhi Script LGR i.e. Code point repertoire, Variants and Whole Label Evaluation Rules have been described in detail here. All these components have been incorporated in a machine-readable format in the accompanying XML file named "proposal-gurmukhi-lgr-22apr19-en.xml". In addition, a document named “gurmukhi-test-labels-22apr19-en.txt” has been provided. It provides a list of labels which can produce variants as laid down in Section 6 of this document and it also provides valid and invalid labels as per the Whole Label Evaluation laid down in Section 7. 2. Script for which the LGR is proposed ISO 15924 Code: Guru ISO 15924 Key N°: 310 ISO 15924 English Name: Gurmukhi Latin transliteration of native script name: gurmukhī Native name of the script: ਗੁਰਮੁਖੀ Maximal Starting Repertoire [MSR] version: 4 1 3. Background on Script and Principal Languages Using It 3.1. The Evolution of the Script Like most of the North Indian writing systems, the Gurmukhi script is a descendant of the Brahmi script. The Proto-Gurmukhi letters evolved through the Gupta script from 4th to 8th century, followed by the Sharda script from 8th century onwards and finally adapted their archaic form in the Devasesha stage of the later Sharda script, dated between the 10th and 14th centuries. -
Design of Javanese Text to Speech Application
Design of Javanese Text to Speech Application Yulia, Liliana, Rudy Adipranata, Gregorius Satia Budhi Informatics Department, Industrial Technology Faculty, Petra Christian University Surabaya, Indonesia [email protected] Abstract—Javanese is one of the many regional languages used in Indonesia. Javanese language is used by most of the population in Java. But now along with the development of the era, the use of regional languages including Javanese language is to be re- duced especially among the younger generation. One way to help conserve the use of Javanese language is to utilize information technologies, one of them is by developing a text to speech appli- cation that can be used to find out how the pronunciation of Ja- vanese language. In this paper, we discussed the design for Java- nese text to speech applications uses finite state automata. The design result will be used as rules to separate syllables when im- plementing text to speech application. Index Terms—Javanese language; Finite state automata; Text to speech. Figure 1: Basic Javanese characters I. INTRODUCTION In addition to the basic characters, the Javanese character Javanese language is a language widely spoken by the peo- has supplementary characters, consist of symbols for express- ple of Java. It is one of the regional languages of many region- ing vowels as well as a combination of two specific conso- al languages spoken in Indonesia. As one of the assets of na- nants. This supplementary characters is called sandhangan tional culture, Javanese language needs to be preserved. The and can be seen in Figure 2 [5]. younger generation is now more interested in learning a for- Symbol Example Read eign language, rather than the native Indonesian local lan- guage. -
Ahom Range: 11700–1174F
Ahom Range: 11700–1174F This file contains an excerpt from the character code tables and list of character names for The Unicode Standard, Version 14.0 This file may be changed at any time without notice to reflect errata or other updates to the Unicode Standard. See https://www.unicode.org/errata/ for an up-to-date list of errata. See https://www.unicode.org/charts/ for access to a complete list of the latest character code charts. See https://www.unicode.org/charts/PDF/Unicode-14.0/ for charts showing only the characters added in Unicode 14.0. See https://www.unicode.org/Public/14.0.0/charts/ for a complete archived file of character code charts for Unicode 14.0. Disclaimer These charts are provided as the online reference to the character contents of the Unicode Standard, Version 14.0 but do not provide all the information needed to fully support individual scripts using the Unicode Standard. For a complete understanding of the use of the characters contained in this file, please consult the appropriate sections of The Unicode Standard, Version 14.0, online at https://www.unicode.org/versions/Unicode14.0.0/, as well as Unicode Standard Annexes #9, #11, #14, #15, #24, #29, #31, #34, #38, #41, #42, #44, #45, and #50, the other Unicode Technical Reports and Standards, and the Unicode Character Database, which are available online. See https://www.unicode.org/ucd/ and https://www.unicode.org/reports/ A thorough understanding of the information contained in these additional sources is required for a successful implementation. -
The Word Formation of Panyandra in Javanese Wedding
The Word Formation of Panyandra in Javanese Wedding Rahutami Rahutami and Ari Wibowo Program Studi Pendidikan Bahasa dan Sastra Indonesia, Fakultas Bahasa dan Sastra, Universitas Kanjuruhan Malang, Jl. S. Supriyadi 48 Malang 65148, Indonesia [email protected] Keywords: Popular forms, literary forms, panyandra. Abstract: This study aims to describe the form of speech in the Javanese wedding ceremony. For this purpose, a descriptive kualitatif methode with 'direct element' analysis of the word panyandra is used. The results show that there are popular forms of words and literary words. Vocabulary can be invented form and a basic form. The popular form is meant to explain to the listener, while the literary form serves to create the atmosphere the sacredness of Javanese culture. The sacredness was built with the use of the Old Javanese affixes. Panyandra in Malang shows differences with panyandra used in other areas, especially Surakarta and Jogjakarta style. 1 INTRODUCTION The panyadra are the words used in various Javanese cultural events. These words serve to describe events by using a form that has similarities Every nation has a unique culture. Each ethnic has a ritual in life, for example in a wedding ceremony or parallels (pepindhan). Panyandra can be distinguished by cultural events, such as birth, death, (Rohman & Ismail, 2013; Safarova, 2014). A or marriage. These terms adopt many of the ancient wedding ceremony is a sacred event that has an important function in the life of the community, and Javanese vocabulary and Sanskrit words. It is intended to give a formal, religious, and artistic each wedding procession shows a way of thinking impression. -
Crowd-Sourced Speech Corpora for Javanese, Sundanese, Sinhala, Nepali, and Bangladeshi Bengali
The 6th Intl. Workshop on Spoken Language Technologies for Under-Resourced Languages 29-31 August 2018, Gurugram, India Crowd-Sourced Speech Corpora for Javanese, Sundanese, Sinhala, Nepali, and Bangladeshi Bengali Oddur Kjartansson, Supheakmungkol Sarin, Knot Pipatsrisawat, Martin Jansche, Linne Ha Google Research {oddur,mungkol,thammaknot,mjansche,linne}@google.com Abstract 2. Related Work We present speech corpora for Javanese, Sundanese, Sinhala, Different approaches have been tried for collecting corpora. [4] Nepali, and Bangladeshi Bengali. Each corpus consists of an gives an overview of how an Icelandic dataset was created us- average of approximately 200k recorded utterances that were ing crowd sourced methodology. [5] describes the work done provided by native-speaker volunteers in the respective region. on verifying the quality of the Icelandic corpus. [6] discusses a Recordings were made using portable consumer electronics in crowd sourced approach to collect text-to-speech corpora for Ja- reasonably quiet environments. For each recorded utterance the vanese and Sundanese. Work on verifying the quality of the data textual prompt and an anonymized hexadecimal identifier of the being collected can be found in [7], where a simple system was speaker are available. Biographical information of the speakers bootstrapped which attempts to identify if the incoming data are is unavailable. In particular, the speakers come from an unspeci- of good quality. fied mix of genders. The recordings are suitable for research on acoustic modeling for speech recognition, for example. To vali- date the integrity of the corpora and their suitability for speech 3. Resources for Building Speech recognition research, we provide simple recipes that illustrate Recognition Corpora how they can be used with the open-source Kaldi speech recog- For speech recognition system the following resources are nition toolkit. -
Periodisasi Sastra Indonesia
PERIODISASI SASTRA INDONESIA 1. Zaman Peralihan Zaman ini dikenal tokoh Abdullah bin Abdulkadir Munsyi. Karyanya dianggap bercorak baru karena tidak lagi berisi tentang istana danraja-raja, tetapi tentang kehidupan manusia dan masyarakat yang nyata, misalnya Hikayat Abdullah (otobiografi), Syair Perihal Singapura Dimakan Api, Kisah Pelayaran Abdullah ke Negeri Jedah. Pembaharuan yang ia lakukan tidak hanya dalam segi isi, tetapi juga bahasa. Ia tidak lagi menggunakan bahasa Melayu yang kearab-araban. Ciri-ciri : a. individualis dan tidak anonym lagi b. progresif, tetapi masih tradisional dal;am bentuk dan bahasanya c. menulis apa yang dilihat dan dirasakan d. sudah mulai masyarakat sentris e. temanya tentang kisah perjalanan, biografi, adat- istiadat, dan didaktis Hasil karya sastra pada zaman ini antara lain: . Kisah Abdullah ke Malaka Utara . Perjalanan Abdullah ke Kelantan dan Tenggano . dan Hikayat Abdullah . Hikayat Puspa Wiraja . Hikayat Parang Punting . Hikayat Langlang Buana . Hikayat Si Miskin . Hikayat Berma Syahdan . Hikayat Indera Putera . Hikayat Syah Kobat . Hikayat Koraisy Mengindera . Hikayat Indera Bangsawan . Hikayat Jaya Langkara . Hikayat Nakhoda Muda . Hikayat Ahmad Muhammad . Hikayat Syah Mardan . Hikayat Isma Yatim . Hikayat Puspa Wiraja . ANGKATAN BALAI PUSTAKA Angkatan Balai Pustaka merupakan karya sastra di Indonesia yang terbit sejak tahun 1920, yang dikeluarkan oleh penerbit “Bali Pustaka”. Prosa (roman, novel,cerpen, dan drama) dan puisi mulai menggantikan kedudukan mulai menggantikan kedudukan syair, pantun, gurindam, hikayat, dan kazhanah sastra di Indonesia pada masa ini Balai Pustaka didirikan pada masa itu untuk mencegah pengaruh buruk dari bacaan cabul dan liar yang dihasilkan sastra melayu rendah yang tidak menyoroti pernyaian (cabul) dan dianggap memiliki misi politis (liar). Balai Pustaka menerbitkan karya dalam 3 bahasa yaitu bahasa Melayu tinggi, bahasa Jawa, dan bahasa Sunda, dan dalam jumlah yang terbatas dalam bahasa Bali, bahasa Batak, dan bahasa Madura. -
Paper the Idea of Ethnicity in Indonesia
Paper The idea of ethnicity in Indonesia by Zane Goebel© (La Trobe University / Tilburg University) [email protected] © September 2013 1 THE IDEA OF ETHNICITY IN INDONESIA Zane Goebel, La Trobe University/Tilburg University Abstract Ethnicity is now a ubiquitous social category in Indonesia which typically points to a community living in a particular region of Indonesia who speaks a particular language. Even so, this was not always the case. In this paper I look at the genesis and circulation of the idea of ethnicity from early colonial times until the late 2000s and how it has become intimately linked with language. In doing so, I take inspiration from scholarship in the broad area of language ideologies coming from linguistic anthropology. I will be especially concerned with describing how schooling and bureaucratic practices and policies, political discourses, mass media and nation building activities have contributed to the linking of region, linguistic form, and person to form the idea of ethnicity. Keywords: Ethnicity; Indonesia; Language 1 Introduction With some 17000 islands, all of the world’s major religions, around 1000 communities with over 400 languages, and a large portion of the world’s biodiversity, the archipelago nation of Indonesia is often talked about as one of the world’s most diverse nations. Even so, this diversity has been ordered through the social category of ethnicity. Ethnicity is now a ubiquitous social category, which either points to Chineseness (e.g. Coppel, 1983; Purdey, 2006) or more commonly a community living in a particular region of Indonesia who speak a particular regional language (bahasa daerah). -
An Introduction to Indic Scripts
An Introduction to Indic Scripts Richard Ishida W3C [email protected] HTML version: http://www.w3.org/2002/Talks/09-ri-indic/indic-paper.html PDF version: http://www.w3.org/2002/Talks/09-ri-indic/indic-paper.pdf Introduction This paper provides an introduction to the major Indic scripts used on the Indian mainland. Those addressed in this paper include specifically Bengali, Devanagari, Gujarati, Gurmukhi, Kannada, Malayalam, Oriya, Tamil, and Telugu. I have used XHTML encoded in UTF-8 for the base version of this paper. Most of the XHTML file can be viewed if you are running Windows XP with all associated Indic font and rendering support, and the Arial Unicode MS font. For examples that require complex rendering in scripts not yet supported by this configuration, such as Bengali, Oriya, and Malayalam, I have used non- Unicode fonts supplied with Gamma's Unitype. To view all fonts as intended without the above you can view the PDF file whose URL is given above. Although the Indic scripts are often described as similar, there is a large amount of variation at the detailed implementation level. To provide a detailed account of how each Indic script implements particular features on a letter by letter basis would require too much time and space for the task at hand. Nevertheless, despite the detail variations, the basic mechanisms are to a large extent the same, and at the general level there is a great deal of similarity between these scripts. It is certainly possible to structure a discussion of the relevant features along the same lines for each of the scripts in the set. -
COVID-19 (Dati Nga 2019 Novel Coronavirus, Wenno 2019-Ncov) Dagiti Kanayon a Masalsaludsod
COVID-19 (dati nga 2019 Novel Coronavirus, wenno 2019-nCoV) Dagiti Kanayon a Masalsaludsod Napabaro idi Pebrero 28, 2020 Dagiti Acronym ken abbreviation a nausar iti daytoy a dokumento: 2019-nCoV: 2019 Novel Coronavirus CDC: US Centers for Disease Control & Prevention COVID-19: Coronavirus Disease 2019 HDOH: State of Hawaii Department of Health MERS: Middle East Respiratory Syndrome SARS: Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome SARS-CoV-2: Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 WHO: World Health Organization HNL: Daniel K. Inouye International Airport HENERAL A PAKAAMMO Ania ti COVID-19? COVID-19 (dati nga maaw-awagan ti “2019 Novel Coronavirus,” pinabassitda kas “2019-nCoV”) ket maysa a baro a sakit ti respiratory virus nga immuna a naduktalan idiay central Chinese city ti Wuhan, probinsya ti Hubei. Daytoy ket nagwaras idiay dadduma pay a syudad ti China ken kasdiay met iti nasurok a 27 nga pagilian, kadwa ditoyen ti Estados Unidos. Idi Enero 30, 2020, indeklara ti WHO ti Emergency of International Concern. Itatta awan met ti kumpirmado a kaso ti 2019-nCoV ditoy Hawaii. Ania ti usto a nagan daytoy rimsua ken nagwaras a sakit ken ti virus a nangparnuay iti daytoy? 2019-nCov ti nagan na, saan kadi? Dagiti eksperto ti virus iti sangalubongan ket opisyaldan a pinanaganan ti virus a nangparnuay ti ti outbreak ti “SARS-CoV-2.” Daytoy ket napabassit a “Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2.” Kalpasan nga inadal dagiti siyentista ti baro nga coronavirus, naammoanda nga daytoy ket halos agpadada iti virus a nangpataud ti SARS epidemic idi 2002 ken 2003. Ti virus a nangpataud ti SARS ket naawagan kas SARS-CoV, isu nga daytoy baro a coronavirus ket maaw- awagan nga SARS-CoV-2. -
ASPECTS of INDONESIAN INTELLECTUAL LIFE in the 1930S
PUDJANGGA BARU: ASPECTS OF INDONESIAN INTELLECTUAL LIFE IN THE 1930s Heather Sutherland Pudjangga Baru, the "New Writer," was a cultural periodical put out in the colonial capital of Batavia by a group of young Indonesian intellectuals from 1933 until the invasion of the Netherlands Indies by Japan in 1942.1 In Bahasa Indonesia, the term pudjangga means "literary man, man of letters; author, poet; linguist, philologist."2 34 The choice of this term for the title of the monthly was no doubt also influenced by an awareness of its historical connotations, for the word can be traced back through such Old Javanese forms as bhujanga to an original Sanskrit root associated with sacred and priestly learning. It implied nobility and integrity as well as literary ability; and it is therefore no accident that the writings appearing in it claimed high idealism and a sense of mission. The purpose proclaimed by Pudjangga Baru became more fervent as the years passed. In the beginning, it described itself simply as a literary, artistic, and cultural monthly. At the start of its third year it declared itself a "bearer of a new spirit in literature, art, culture, and general social affairs."^ At the beginning of its fifth year it claimed to be the "leader of the new dynamic spirit to create a new culture, the culture of Indonesian unity."1* In 1928, when the second All-Indonesia Youth Congress swore the famous oath to work for "one fatherland, one people, and one language" Pudjangga Baru pledged itself to work for the development of the national language and also to strive for a national culture, adding "one culture" to its 1. -
Masalah Hibriditas Dan Ambivalensi Dalam Novel Kalau Tak Untung Karya Selasih Dan Implikasinya Terhadap Pembelajaran Bahasa Dan Sastra Indonesia Di Sma
MASALAH HIBRIDITAS DAN AMBIVALENSI DALAM NOVEL KALAU TAK UNTUNG KARYA SELASIH DAN IMPLIKASINYA TERHADAP PEMBELAJARAN BAHASA DAN SASTRA INDONESIA DI SMA Skripsi Diajukan kepada Fakultas Ilmu Tarbiyah dan Keguruan untuk Memenuhi Persyaratan Mencapai Gelar Sarjana Pendidikan (S.Pd.) Oleh Nurlaily Hanifah Amalia 1111013000106 JURUSAN PENDIDIKAN BAHASA DAN SASTRA INDONESIA FAKULTAS ILMU TARBIYAH DAN KEGURUAN UNIVERSITAS ISLAM NEGERI SYARIF HIDAYATULLAH JAKARTA 2018 ABSTRAK Nurlaily Hanifah Amalia, 1111013000106, ”Masalah Hibriditas dan Ambivalensi dalam Novel Kalau Tak Untung karya Selasih dan Implikasinya Terhadap Pembelajaran Bahasa dan Sastra Indonesia di SMA”, Jurusan Bahasa dan Sastra Indonesia, Fakultas Ilmu Tarbiyah dan Keguruan, UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta, Dosen Pembimbing Ahmad Bahtiar, M.Hum. Sebagai perempuan pertama yang menerbitkan novel di Balai Pustaka, karya Selasih patut untuk dijadikan penelitian pascakolonial dengan melihat dari jejak kependidikan dalam novel Kalau Tak Untung. Selasih selama hidupnya mengabdikan diri pada dunia pendidikan dan ikut dalam perjuangan emansipasi perempuan dan pergerakan nasionalisme. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk melihat bagaimana perubahan sosial dan membahas kisah percintaan antara kedua tokoh utama yang terdapat dalam novel Kalau Tak Untung guna menambah wawasan sejarah dan meningkatkan rasa nasionalisme. Metode yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kualitatif. Adapun hasil pembahasan menggunakan pendekatan pascakolonial dari analisis tokoh, yaitu: 1) pada tokoh Masrul terlihat munculnya