328 CONGRESSIONAL -RECORD-SENATE JANUARY 25 manufactured from agricultural or forest By Mr. WALTER: ing of the evening let Thy peace be upon products; to the Committee on Agriculture. H R.1467. A bill to record the lawful ad­ our hearts. Amen. By Mr. CASE: mission to the for permanent H. R. 1453. A bill to provide that veterans residence of Rev. Julius Paal; to the Com- . THE JOURNAL of the present war suffering with tuberculous mittee on Immigration and Naturalization. On request of Mr. THOMAS of Utah, and or neuropsychiatric ailments shall receive the H. R. 1468. A bill for the relief of Mr. and same domiciliary or hospital care as veterans Mrs. Samuel Azer; to the Committee on by unanimous consent, the reading of the of the World War; to the Committee on Claims. Journal of the proceedings of Thursday, World War Veterans' Legislation. By Mr. MURRAY of Wisconsin: January 21, 1943, was dispensed with, and By Mr. DOUGHTON: H. R. 1469. A bill for the relief of Robert the Journal was approved. H. R.1454 (by request). A bill to amend the Beckwith, Julius Buettner, and Emma M. CALL OF THE ROLL Bituminous Coal Act of 1937, as amended, Buettner; to the Committee on Claims. a11d for other purposes; to the Committee on Mr. THOMAS of Utah. I suggest the Ways and Means. absence of a quorum. By Mr. FULMER: PETITIONS, ETC. The VICE PRESIDENT. The clerk H. R. 1455. A bill to amend the Agricul­ 1 XXII, tural Adjustment Act of 1938 so as to provide Under clause of rule petitions will call the roll. for an adequate supply of peanuts needed for and papers were laid on the Clerk's desk The Chief Clerk called the roll, and the oil and other uses during the years 1943 and and referred as follows: following Senators answer.ed to their 1944, and for other purposes; to the Com­ 43. By Mr. ELLIS: Resolutions adopted by names: mJttee on Agriculture. the Parkersburg Chamber of Commerce, rela­ Aiken Gillette Pepper By Mr. RANDOLPH: tive to gasoline rationing and pay-as-you-go Andrews Green Radcliffe H: R. 1456. A bill to amend section 9 of plan of Federal inc-Jme tax; to the Committee Austin Guffey Revercomb the act of ·May 22, 1928. authorizing and di­ on Ways and Means. Bankhead Gurney Reynolds recting a national survey of forest re­ Barbour Hatch Robertson 44. By Mr. FORAND: Resolution of the Barkley Hawkes Russell sources; to the Committee on Agriculture. General Assembly of the State of Rhode Bilbo Hayden Scrugham H. R. 1457. A bill to amend an act entitled Island, requesting the President of the United Bone Hill Shipstead "An act to regulate the practice of the heal­ States, the Secretary of War, the Secretary of Brewster Holman Stewart ing art to protect the public health in the the Navy, and the Senators anc'. Representa­ Bridges Johnson, Colo. Taft District of Columbia," approved February 27, tives from Rhode Island in the Congress of Brooks La Follette . Thomas, Idaho 1929; to the Committee on the District of Buck Langer Thomas, Okla. the United States to take all necessary steps Burton Lodge Thomas, Utah Columbia. to provide for proper substantial recognition Bushfield Lucas Truman By Mr. CANNON of Florida: of the status of American merchant marine Butler McCarran Tunnell H. R. 1458. A bill to authorize and direct service, passed by the general assembly on the Byrd McClellan TYdings the Veterans' Administration to provide vo­ 13th day of January A. D. 1943; to the Com­ Capper McFarland Vandenberg cational rehabilitation and assistance in se­ Caraway McKellar Van Nuys mittee on the Merchant Marine and Fisheries. Chandler McNary Wagner curing suitable employment, for service-con­ 45. By Mr. ROLPH: Resolution of the Cali­ nected disabled veterans in need thereof, and Chavez Maloney Wallgren fornia Wool Growers Association, San Fran­ Clark, Idaho May bank Walsh feasible therefor, and for other purposes; to cisco, on the control of livestock diseases; to Clark, Mo. Mead Wheeler the Committee on World War Veterans' Leg­ the Committee on Agriculture. Connally Millikin Wherry islation. 46. By the SPEAKER: Petition of the office Danaher Moore White By Mr. CANNON of Missouri: Davis Murdock Wiley H. Res. 69. Resolution authorizing the of city clerk, city of St. Paul, Minn., petition­ Ellender Nye Willis Committee on Appropriations to conduct ing consideration of their resolution with Ferguson O'Daniel Wilson studies and examinations of executive agen­ reference to National Youth Administration; George O'Mahoney cies to assist it in the determinations of to the Committee on Appropriations. Gerry Overton matters within its jurisdiction; to the Com­ Mr. HILL. I announce that the Sena­ mittee on Rules. tor from Virginia [Mr. GLASS] and the By Mr. SMITH of Virginia: -~ Senator from South Carolina [Mr. H. Res. 70. Resolution establishing a Select Committee To Investigate Acts of Executive SENATE ~: SMITH] are absent because of illness. Agencies beyond the scope of their authority; The Senator from North Carolina [Mr. to the Committee on Rules. :MoNDAY, JANUARY 25, 1943 BAILEY], the Senator from California By Mr. DIMOND: [Mr. DoWNEY], the Senator from Mis­ H. Res. 71. Resolution to authorize com­ The Chaplain, Rev. Frederick Brown sissippi [Mr. EASTLAND], the Senator pensation for services of Hallie Reeves; to Harris, D. D., offered the following from West Virginia [Mr. KILGORE], and the Committee on Accounts. prayer: the Senator from Montana [Mr. MuR­ 0 God of all life and light, by whose RAY] are necessarily absent. PRIVATE BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS love we have the gift of today's fresh be­ Mr. McNARY. The Senator from [Mr. BALL] is absent because Under clause 1 of rule XXII, private ginning, we thank Thee for this reveren­ tial moment of quiet as we bow in Thy of illness. bills and resolutions were introduced The Senator from .Kansas [Mr. REED] and severally referred as follows: presence before the pressure of demand­ ing hours lays its hand upon us. Lord is necessarily absent on official business. By Mr. CALVIN D. JOHNSON: of the new day, who spreadest the man­ The VICE PRESIDENT. Eighty-five H. R. 1459. A bill for the relief of Alvertine Senators have answered to their names. Nast and Wayne Nast, a minor son; to the tle of light about us when purple morn­ Committee on Claims. ing breaketh, fairer than morning, love­ A quorum is present. By Mr. LEA: lier than daylight, dawns the sweet con­ EXECUTIVE COMMUNICATIONS, ETC. H. R. 1460. A bill to reinstate E. Lewis Field, sciousness we are with Thee: If we take a captain, United States Army, retired, to the the wings of the morning and fly to the The VICE PRESIDENT laid before the active list of the Regular Army; to the Com­ uttermost parts of the sea, even there Senate the following letters, which were mittee on Military Affairs. shall Thy hand lead us and Thy right referred as indicated: By Mr. MAGNUSON: REPORT 0:5' THE ATTORNEY GENERAL H. R.1461. A bill for the relief of Rudolf hand hold us. Kligler (Robert E. Arden); to the Committee Even as the dawn has climbed to the A letter from the Attorney General, trans­ on Immigration and Naturalization. zenith with glamor and golden dart and mitting, pursuant to law, his annual report . By Mr. MONKIEWICZ: of the operations of the Department of has grown into the fullness of noontide, Justice for the fiscal year ended June 30, H. R.1462. A bill for the relief of William so let Thy radiance banish all shadows H. Shultz; to the Committee on Claims. 1942 (with an accompanying report): to the By Mr. RABAUT: of unbelief, of fear, and of guilt. May Committee on the Judiciary. H. R. 1463. A bill for the relief of Florence the day star from on high rise in our SUITS ARISING UNDER PUBLIC VESSELS ACT B. Hutchinson; to the Committee on Claims. hearts with healing in His wings. So A letter from the Attorney General, sub­ By Mr. REECE of Tennessee: may we walk the steep and sharp road mitting, pursuant' to law, a list of suits aris­ H. R. 1464. A bill for the relief of J. H. At­ of duty and service as children of the ing under the Public Vessels Act of March 3, kins; to the Committee on Claims. light. In bitter and baffling days, when 1925, in which final decrees were entered. By Mr. TAYLOR: the earth is full of thunder and the se!ts exclusive of cases on appeal; to the Com­ H. R. 1465. A bill granting a pension to are dark with wrath, give us a courage mittee on the Judiciary. Margaret M. Crane; to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. that never quails, give us a faith that SUITS IN ADMIRALTY AGAINST THE UNITED H R. 1466. A bill granting a pension to never wavers, give us a hope that never STATES J ames C. Riley; to tl1e Committee on I;.walid dims. Thus, in the glory of the morning A letter from the Attorney General, sub­ Pensions. grant us Thy blessing, and in the gloam- mitting, pursuant to law, a list of suits aris- 1943 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE 329 ing under the act of March 9, 1920, author­ STEAMSHIP "PRESIDENT ROOSEVELT" "Whereas Judge Rutledge was dean of the izing suits against the United States in A letter from the Comptroller General of law department of University, admiralty involving merchant vessels in the United States, transmitting a report . of St. Louis, Mo., for some years; and which final decrees were entered against the an investigation by representatives of his "Whereas during the period of time that he United States, exclusive of cases on appeal; office of contracts and other records of the was dean of the Washington University Law to the Committee on the Judiciary. United States Maritime Commission relating Department, he made many friends in the LANDS ACQUmED FOR NAVAL USES .to the sale by the United States Shipping State of Missouri, and the people of the State A letter from the Acting Secretary of the Board of the steamship President Roosevelt, of Missouri became conscious of the ability Navy, transmitting, ·pursuant to law, a re­ and its acquisition subsequently and further and learning of Judge Rutledge: So, there­ port of lands arquired for naval uses, for sale (with an accompanying report); to the fore, be it the period from July 1, 1942, to December 31, Committee on Commerce. "Resolved by the House of Representatives 9/ the Sixty-second General Assembly of 1942 (with an accompanying report); to the REPORT OF NATIONAL LABOR RELATIONS Committee on A?propriations. the State of Missouri, That we commend the BOARD President of the United States for his wise NAVAL CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS A letter from the Chairman of the National choice in selecting Wiley Blount Rutledge for A letter from the Acting Secretary of the Labor Relations Board, transmitting, pur­ the high position as Associate Justice of the Navy, transmitting, pursuant to law, a list suant to law, the annual report of the Board Supreme Court of the United States, and wish of obligations by projects incurred under the for the fiscal year ended June 30, 1942, to­ for Judge Rutledge a most successful and appropriation for temporary and emergency gether with a list containing the names, happy tenure of office; and be it further construction (with accompanying papers); salaries, and duties of all officers and em­ "Resolved, That the chief clerk of the to the Committee on Appropnations. ployees of the Board, and decisions rendered house be directed to send a copy of this reso­ ACTS OF LEGISLATURE OF PUERTO RICO by the Board during the fiscal year (with lution to the President of the United States, A lette: from the Acting Secretary of the accompanying papers); to the Committee Franklin Delano Roosevelt, a copy to Judge Interior transmitting pursuant to law, the on Education and Labor. Wiley Blount Rutledge,· a copy to Washington University Law Department, St. Louis, Mo., acts of the second and third special sessions PETITIONS AND MEMORIALS of the Fifteenth Legislature of Puerto Rico and a copy each to the two United States Sen- (with 'an accompanying document); to the Petitions, etc., were laid before the ors Of Missouri, Hor.. BENNETT CHAMP CLARK Committee on Territories and Insular Af­ Senate,· or presented, and referred as and Han. HARRY S. TRUMAN." fairs. indicated: By Mr. WHEELER: FOREST ROADS AND TRAILS • A resolution of the Senate of the State By the VICE PRESIDENT: of Montana; to the Committee on Military A letter from the Under Secretary of Agri­ A resolution adopted by the council of the ture transmitting, pursuant to law, the Affairs: city of St. Paul, Minn., favoring continuation "Whereas there is a genuine need for more annual rep-ort of the activities of the De­ of the National Youth Administration, or partment of Agriculture relating to forest farm machinery than has been allotted the some other worth-while youth training pro­ State of Montana if the farmers are to pro­ roads and trails for the fiscal year ended gram; to the Committee on Appropriations. June 30, 1942 (with an accompanying re­ duce the foodstuffs desired; and A letter from Fred Whitmore, of Kalama­ "Whereas a diminishing supply of available port); to toe Committee on P<:>st Offices and zoo, Mich., relative to his plan to provide Post Roads. · labor makes farm machinery even more security for every person, to simplify the tax necessary than in normal times; and SURVEY OF WATERSHED, BILLINGS AREA, structure and place it on a pay-as-you-go "Whereas laclt of both materials and labor . MONTANA basis, and also to stabilize the national in­ is making it increasingly difficult to make A letter from the Assistant Secretary of come; to the Committee on Finance. repairs to machinery: Now, therefore, be It Agriculture, transmitting, pursuant to law, By Mr. CAPPER: "Resolved by the Senate of the State of a report o! a survey of the watershed im­ A petition of sundry citizens, young women Montana, That we petition the War Produc­ provement and flood control of the Billings of Wesleyan University, Salina, Kans., pray­ tion Board and the Secretary of Agriculture area, Montan~ (with an accompanying re­ ing fer the enactment of legislation to pro­ to reconsider both the national quotas of new port); to the Committee on Commerce. vide for the common defense in relation to farm machinery for 1943 and the present REPORT OF. LEND-LEAEE ADMINISTRATION the sale of alcoholic liquors to members of Montana State quotas, to the end that quotas the land and naval forces of the United may be increased and more equitably allo­ A letter from the Lend-Lease Administra­ States; ordered to lie on the table. tor, transmitting, pursuant to law, the re­ cated and that farmers may be equipped to By .Mr. WALSH: handle the huge task of farm production port of operations of the Lend-Lease Admin­ Resolutions of the House of Representa­ istration covering the pericd from March 11, which it is well known is so vital to the suc­ tives of Massachusetts, memorializing Con­ cessful prosecution of the war and the feed­ 1941, to December 31, 1942 (with an accom­ gr€ss to take immediate steps to relieve dis­ panying report); to the Committee on For­ ing of our armed forces, our allied soldiers. tres~ and suffering caused by the shortage of and our civilian workers; and be it further eign Relations. fuel oil in Massachusetts; to the Committee "Resolved, That copies properly attested by REPORT OF OFFICE OF PRICE ADMINISTRATION on Banking and Currency. the president and secretary of the senate be A letter from the Price Administrator, Of­ (See resolutions printed in full when laid transmitted by the secretary of state to the fice of Price Administration, transmitting, before the Senate by the Vice President on War Production Board, Donald M. Nelson, pursuant to law. the third quarterly report the 18th instant, p. 196, CONGRESSIONAL Chairman, and to Claude R. Wickard, Secre­ of the Office of Price Administration, for the RECORD.) tary of Agriculture, Washington, D. C., and period ended October 31, 1B42 (with an ac­ By Mr. GREEN: to the Senators and Representatives in Con­ companying report); to the Committee on A resolution adopted by the General As­ gress from Montana." Banking and Currency. sembly of the State of Rhode Island, re­ A resolution of the House of Representa­ EMPLOYEES RECEIVING $3,000 AND OVER, OFFICE questing the President of the United States, tives of the State of Montana; to the Com­ OF PRICE ADMINISTRATION the Secretary of War, ~he Secretary of the mittee on Military Affairs: Navy, and the Senators and Representatives A letter from the Chief of the Congres­ "Whereas the War Production Board has from Rhode Island in the Congress of the seen fit to severely curtail the 1943 produc­ siomil Information Unit, Office of Price Ad­ United States to take all necessary steps to ministration, transmitting, in response to tion of farm machinery, despite representa· provide for proper, substantial recognition of tions of need by county and St ate war Senate Resolution 322 (77th Cong.) addi­ the status of the men of the American mer­ tional information regarding employees who boards and the Secretary of Agriculture, and chant-marine service; to the Committee on despite the fact that the steel needed for draw salaries of $3,000 per annum or over, to­ Commerce. gether with their age, education, and busi­ producing farm machinery is a very small ness or professional affiliations during the 5- (See resolution printed in full when pre­ percentage of total annual steel production year period preceding their employment by sented by Mr. GERRY on the 21st instant, p. and further despite the fact that more farm the agency (with accompany papers); to the 251, CONGRESSIONAL RECORD.) machinery is needed, in order to meet 1B43 Committee on Appropriations. By Mr. TRUMAN: wa1 production goals of food and fiber crops A resolution of the House of Representa­ and to replace lost farm labor; and REPORT OF PUBLIC ROADS ADMINISTRATION tives of the State of Missouri; to the Com­ "Whereas the quotas of both 1943 farm A letter from the Administrator of the mittee on the Judiciary: machinery production and other new ma­ Federal Works Agency, transmitting, pur­ "Whereas Wiley Blount Rutledge has been chinery which it has been necessary to set suant to law, a report on work done by the appointed by President Franklin Delano up to allocate available supplies entails Un· Public Roads Administration under the Fed­ Roosevelt a.s judge of the Supreme Court of fortunate discriminations among States, eral H1ghway Act in the fiscal year ended the United States; and counties and individual farmers needing ma­ June 30, 1942, and recommendations con­ "Whereas Judge Rutledge has been, for a chinery and replacements; and cerning future work (with accompanying number of years, a leading teacher and edu­ "Whereas as an example of the forego­ papers); to the Committee on Post Offices cator connected with various universities and ing, Montana now needing hammer mills and Post Roads. schools of law; and and feed grinders for grinding winter feed 330 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE JANUARY 25 for livestock and having requests for ap­ RESOLUTION OF LOYALTY AND SUPPORT, Resolved, That ·we commend the Congress proximately 500, has been allotted only 49 in IN WAR EFFORT ADOPTED BY THE of the United States for its support of the comparison with 379 allotted North Dakota LEGISLATURE OF OKLAHOMA President's war program since December 7, whose total livestock units are practically the 1941; be it further same as the State of Montana; and Mr. THOMAS of Oklahoma. Mr. Resolved, That the House of Representa­ "Whereas a survey conducted among the President, the Legislature of Oklahoma tives of the Nineteenth Legislature of the many members of the house of repres:mta­ has passed Concurrent Resolution No. 1, . State of Oklahoma, the Honorable Senate tiver. who are engaged in agricultural pur­ which is of interest ·to the State of Okla­ concurring therein, pledge the unqualified suits revealed that inability to buy sufficient homa, and might be of general interest and undivided support of the State of Okla­ badly· needed farm machinery is one of the homa . to the Pr.esident .and Congress of the major factors which threaten to seriously to the country; so I ask unanimous con­ United States of America in whatever is nec­ handicap food production: Now, therefore, sent that the resolution be printed in the essary to win the war now being fought by be it RECORD in full as a part of my remarks the United Nations against Japan, Germany, "Resolved by the house of representatives and that it be referred to the Committee and Italy; be it further in session assembled, That we petition the on Military Affairs. Resolved, That we pledge our full coopera­ War Production Board and the Secretary of The VICE PRESIDENT. Is there ob­ tion to the President and the Congress of Agriculture to reconsid"r both the national jection? the United St ates of America in securing a quotas of new farm J .1achinery for 1943 and There being no objection, the resolu­ just and lasting peace, based upon Chris­ the present State quotas to the end that tianity, equality, and democratic principles quotas may be increased and more equitably tion was referred to the Committee on after_ conclusion of the war; be it further allocated and that farmers may be equipped Military Affairs, and ordered to be Resolved, That a copy of this resolution to handle the huge task of farm production printed in the RECORD, under the rule, as be transmitted by the clerk of the house of which it is well known is so vital to the suc­ follows: representatives to the · President of the cessful prosecution of the war and the feed­ House Concurrent Resolution 1 United States, to each of' the Senators and ing of our armed forces, our allied soldiers Congressmen representing the State of Okla­ and our civilian workers; be it further Resolution commending the President of the homa. "Resolved, That a copy o"' this resolutipp United States of America and the Congress ·Adopted by the house of representatives b1 spread upon the journal of the house, and for the war effort and pledging the sup­ the 6th day of January 1943. that a copy thereof .Jroperly attested by the port of the State of Oklahoma in' the win­ HAROLD FREEMAN, speaker and the clerk of the house, be trans­ ning of the war Speaker of the House of Representatives. mitted by the secretary of state to the War Whereas Franklin Delano Roosevelt became Adopted by the senate the 13th day of Production Board, Donald M. Nelson, Chair­ President of the United States of America January 1943. · man, and to Claude R. Wickard, Secretary of on the 4th day of March 1933; and ROBERT BURNS, Agriculture, Washington, D. C., and to the Whereas under section 2 of article ni of Acting President of the Senate. Senators and Representatives in Congress the Constitution of the United States, he, as from Montana." President, is Commander in Chief of the REPORTS OF . COMM~'ry'EES Army· and Navy; and PARITY PRICES ON FARM . PRODUCTS-­ Whereas the President pointed out to Con­ The following reports of committees RESOLUTION OF HOUSE OF REPRESENT­ gress from time to time in his annual mes­ were submitted: · ATIVES OF OKLAHOMA sages the necessity for expanding the Army, By Mr. TRUMAN, from the. Committee on Mr. THOMAS of Oklahoma. Mr. Navy, and Air Corps, and the fortifying of Military Affairs: _ President, I present a copy cf engrossed the Philippine Islands, Pearl Harbor, Wake S. 414. A bill for the relief of Thaddeus c. House Resolution 8, adopted by the House Island, and Midway, and other outposts of Knight; without amendment (Rept. No. 21). American defense; and By Mr. McCARRAN, from the Committee of Representatives of the State of Okla­ Whereas for some years following there on Public Lands and surveys: homa, and I ask that the memorial be were in Congress obstructionists, isolation­ S. Res. 39. Resolution continuing the au­ printed in the RECORD and that it be re­ ists, appeasers who delayed the rearming of thority for an investigation of the use of ferred to the Committee on Agriculture America and the fortifying of its defense public lands and the filming of motion pic­ and Forestry. outposts; and tures thereon, and increasing the limit of The VICE PRESIDENT. Without ob- . Whereas the President of.. the United States expenditures; with an amendment, and, under jection, the resolution will be referred had on numerous occasions pointed qut tl:!at the rule, the resolutiqn was referred to the as requested by the Senator from Okla­ there were criminals at large and nations Committee to Audit and Control the Contin­ homa, and printed in the RECORD, under denominated as aggressors who made their gent EXpenses of the Senate. the rule: living by taking what others had worked for By Mr. MEAD, from the Committee on Civil House Resolution 8 and earned over generations of peaceful· and Service: quiet living, such as the stout-heart~d Hol­ S. Res. 68. Resolution continuing the au­ Resolution memorializing Congress to revise land Dutch and the peaceful working thority for an investigation of the adminis­ a method of arriving at parity on farm Danes; and tration and operation of the civil-service laws products by taking into consideration the Whereas the Congress failed to heed his and the Classification Act of 1923, as increased cost of farm labor, farm ma­ pleas and warnings until a state of war ex­ amended; without amendment, and, under chinery, and the increased cost of living isted in the four corners of the globe, and the rule, the resolution was referred to the Whereas it has been and is being stated in finally a poll of the American people con­ Committee to Audit and Control the Cantin.. high public places that food will win the vinced Congress that the President was right gent Expenses of the Senate. war and win the peace, and to that end our in the rearming of this Nation and in the By Mr. O'MAHONEY, from the Committee farmers are being urged to make every pos­ preparation to defend ourselves; and on Public Lands and Surveys: sible effort to increase production; and Whereas on December 7, 1941, Pearl Harbor S. Res. 73. Resolution continuing the au­ Whereas farm income has not kept pace was attacked without warning while the thority conferred by Senate Resolution 58, with the increased cost of labor, the increased envoys of the Japanese war lords were sitting Seventy-sever.th Congress, and Senate Reso­ cost of farm machinery, and the increased as invited guests at the peace table in Wash­ lution 310, Seventy-seventh Congress, relating cost of living, and is also being hampered by ington; and to the investigation with respect to the de­ the scarcity of farm labor: Now, therefore, Whereas this act constitutes a declaration velopment of mineral resources, including oil be it of war by the Japanese Empire on the United and gas, of the public lands of the United Resolved by the House of Representatives States; and States; with an amendment; and, under the of the State of Oklahoma: rule, the resolution was referred to the Com­ SECTION 1. That the Congress of the · Whereas Germany and Italy declared war on the United States the following day, it mittee to Audit and Control the Contingent United States be and . the same is hereby Expenses of the Senate. memorialized and petitioned to revise the then became necessary for the President, as method of arriving at the parity price of Commander in Chief, to call upon Congress ADJUSTMENT OF SALARIES OF METRO­ :farm products by taking into consideration to recommend that war be declared upon Japan, Germany, and Italy; and POLITAN POLICE, UNITED STATES PARK the scarcity of and the increased cost of POLICE, WHITE HOUSE POLICE, AND farm labor, the increased cost of farm ma­ Whereas from that day until this the Con­ gress of the United States, as a whole and in MEMBERS OF FIRE DEPARTMENT OF chinery, and the increased cost of living. THE · DISTRICT- MINORITY VIEWS: SEc. 2. That a copy of this resolution be the main, has supported the President's war mailed to each of the Oklahoma Senators and program: Now, therefore, be it AMENDMENT Members of the National House of Represent­ Resolved, That the House of Representa­ Mr. BURTON, from the Committee on atives, to the floor leaders of both parties tives of the Nineteenth Legislature of the In the House and Senate, and to the Secre­ State of Oklahoma, the Honorable Senate the District of Columbia, submitted mi­ tary of Agriculture. concurring herein, do commend the Presi­ nority views on the bill

is wholly ~tithin the control of the com­ mont. I think the answer to what he has ExHIBIT No. a.-Postal Telegraph, Inc., and munications companies involved, and we in mind will appear on the open page­ substdiary companies--Consolidatec( bal­ ance sheet, cOndensed, Dec. 31, 1940 and can safely leave to them the determina­ page 10 of the committee hearings. 1941-Continued · tion of whether under the terms of the Mr. AIKEN. I thought the Senator bill they can carry on their services with from Maine would be more familiar with Dec. 31, Dec. 31, profit to themselves and with benefit to the figures, and that he could tell the . 1940 1941 the public of the United States. Senate about them. There are other Mr. President, I do not undertake to Senators besides myself, I am sure, who Liabilities and reserves: - go into the details of the bill. These are would like to know what the figures are. Notes payable to Recon· struction Finance Cor- the over-all considerations which prompt I should like to know if the Postal Tele­ poration ! ______$2,246,24.3 $4,857,24.1 me to favor the measure and to express graph Co. ever did pay dividends. Note payable to bank- the hope that it will have the support Mr. WHITE. I think the Postal Tele­ due Feb. 5, 1943 .•••.•.•• 1, 200,000 1, 200,000 of the Senate. graph Co. for a while paid dividends on Current liabilities: its preferred stock, but never having Accounts and wages Mr. TAFT. Mr. President, will the payable ______1, 257, 419 1, 459,283 Senator yield? owned any, I do not know. Unpaid money orders ____ _ 973,451 -1,203,645 Mr. AIKEN. I am sorry if I appeared Accounts payable to other Mr. WHITE. I yield. communication carriers_ 686,758 1, 144., 922 Mr. TAFT. Would the Senator object to be too inquisitive, I had hoped to find Accrued taxes ______377,465 399,759 to an amendment reducing the period out something about the financial struc­ Other current liabilities ___ 73,967 75,420 from 5 years to 2 years, and if so, why? ture of the Postal Telegra-ph Co. Total current liabilit!es _ 3, 369,060 4, 283,029 Mr. WHITE. I should vote against Mr. WHITE. I cannot help the Sen­ Other reserves .••• ------7, 462,617 7, 395,848 ator beyond what I have done. such an amendment. After all, as the Total liabilit!es and re· Senator from Arizona [Mr. McFARLAND] Mr. AIKEN. If I cannot obtain this serves ______----- 14,277,920 17,736, 118 information I shall naturally vote has said, the question of the precise time Net worth-capital stock: of guaranty was a matter of much dif­ against the bill. I received very dis­ Common ______1, 027,080 1, 027, 080 turbing reports earlier today to the ef­ Preferred ..•. ____ ------·-- __ 2,,567, 699 2, 567, ()99 ference of opinion. Some would have Capital surplus .. ______------33,932,429 33,932,429 been glad if there had been no guaran­ fect that the company owed money in Earned surplus (deficit) ______(2, 564, 205) (5, 602, 105) addition to what it owed the Reconstruc­ ty at all. Some wanted to extend the Total net worth ______34,963,003 31,925, 103 period beyond the time named in the bill. tion Finance Corporation. I am not I am in favor of the provision contained criticizing the committee in any way. I Grand totaL ______49,240,923 40,661,221 in the bill. simply wanted to have it clear in my own mind, and if it were made clear I 1 The agreements between Reconstruct.ion Finance The PRESIDING OFFICER. The bill presume I would vote for the bill. Corporation and Postal provide for 2 loans ag!!'regating is still before the Senate and open to· $5,000,000 and $1,500,000, respectively. The 2 loans are amendment. · Mr. McFARLAND. Mr. President, in to be repaid as to principal concurrently as follows: answer to the question asked by the Sen­ $10,000 and $3,000, respectively, on or befor e thc.24th Mr. AIKEN. Mr. President, I am still day of each month from Apr. 24, 1943, to and including ator from Vermont I should like .to have Mar. 24, 1945. desirous of obtaining information. Per­ incorporated in the RECORD exhibit No. 3, $20,000 and $6,000, respectively, on or before the 24th haps the Senator from Maine can tell day of each month from Apr . .24, 1945, to and including which appears on page 10 of the hear­ Mar. 24, 1947, and the balance on cr before Apr. 24, 1947. us about the capital structure of the ings, which sets out the financial struc­ Postal Telegraph Co. How much money Source: Annual report for the year 1940 and carrier's ture of the Postal Telegraph• Co. As I balance sheet for the year 1941. is involved? What is the capital struc­ stated before, I do not think it makes . . ture of the company? a.ny difference what their financial struc­ Mr. AIKEN. Mr. President, I wish Mr. WHITE. I have a very definite ture is, or what they claim the company the Senator to understand that I simply • recollection that that was covered in the is worth. The question is how much it wanted· to obtain information. - I have evidence in the hearings before the full is actually worth. listened to the argument witb an en• committee and before the two subcom~ Mr. President, I ask that exhibit No. 3, tirely open mind, not knowing· whether mittees which were appointed. Of to which I previously rPferred, be incor­ I should be in favor of the bill or against · course, the capital structure of the porated in the RECORD at this point as a it. I thank Senators for what little in­ Postal Telegraph Co. has undergone re­ part of my remarks. formation I have received. organization and readjustment, and I There being no objection, the table was Mr. McNARY. Mr. President, will the have to admit that I do not have in my ordered to be printed in the RECORD, as Senator yield? mind at this time what the figure is. follows: Mr. McFARLAND. I yield. Mr. AIKEN. I think the ·senate ought ExHmiT No. 3.-Postal Telegraph, Inc., and Mr. McNARY. Some very pertinent to know that. subsidiaTy companies--Consolidated bal­ questions have been asked of the Sen­ Mr. WHITE. So far as I am con­ ance sheet, condensed, Dec. 31, 1940 and ators in charge of the bill. I think we cerned, the capital structure makes very 1941 should have a full exploration of all mat­ little difference to me. We know what ters involved in the final consideration the operating results have been over the Dec. 31, Dec. 31, of the measure. I rose only for the pur­ term of years, and we know that a con­ 1940 1941 pose of suggesting to the able Senator tinuation· of them spells disaster and in charge of the bill that it go over the disappearance of the Postal Tele­ Assets: rlant and equipment_ ___ _ $69, 116, 097 $70, 156, 957 until ThursdaY. Why could it not go graph Co. Less: Depreciation re- over until Thursday? In the meantime Mr. AIKEN. I should like to know serves. _____ ------_____ ?:7, 776,465 28,803,340 Senators could acquaint themselves with to whom the company is indebted be­ Total. __ ------41,339,632 4l, 353,617 the capital structure of the company, sides the Reconstruction Finance Cor­ with its indebtedness, and with the Current assets: poration. Cash (including funds for duplication of service, if any there is, Mr. WHITE. The junior Senator unpaid money orders) ___ 2, 331,492 1, 998,884 and whether there are any areas now Special deposits ______228,702 125,376 from Ohio [Mr. BuRTON] has just handed Employees' working ftmd_ 307,946 363,260 being served by the Western Union me some figures. · This is a consolidated Accounts and notes rc- which are also served by the Postal ccivable (less reserve)_ •• 2, 837,031 3, 301, 534. balance sheet of the Postal Telegraph Materials and supplies - Telegraph. Also the amendment sug­ Co. It shows assets as of December 31, (less resen'e) ______752,4.15 1, 060, 169 gested by the Senator from Ohio [Mr. 1941, in the grand total of $49,661,000. TAFT] regarding the shortening of the . What there is outstanding in the way of Total current assets .•.•• 6, 457,586 6, 849,223 period of 5 years could be considered. securities I do not know. I have not had Restricted deposits (sec note Mr. McFARLAND. Mr. President, I payable to bank-contra) ___ 1, 200,000 1, 200,000 a chance to look at this sheet; but if I Prepaid accounts and deferred hope the Senator from Oregon will not may, I will turn over the copy of the charges ______• ______--___ ._ 243,705 258,381 ask that the proposed legislation go over. hearings handed me by the junior Sen­ Grand totaL ______49,240,923 49,661,221 Next Thursday I could not give any bet­ ator from Ohio to the Senator from Ver- ter explanation of the financial structure 344 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE , JANUARY 25 of the company than is contained on I had intended to move for consideration · to. They represent much less than the page 10 of the hearings. A similar bill of the bill last Thursday, but at the re­ Western Union even asked for. was passed at the last session of the Sen­ quest of a Senator who asked that con­ · Mr. TAFT. Mr. President, I do not ate, after careful consideration had been sideration be postponed until a future understand that the Western Union given the matter. As I said before, I feel date I agreed that it should go over until asks for anything at all. Because the that so far as the finanGial structure is today. He told me this morning that· committee insisted, it reluctantly agreed concerned it is really immaterial what it would be satisfactory to him to bring to 4 years, but, as I read the record and the company sets up. I agree with the it up today. understand the situation, it did not ask Senator from Maine that the question I am personally very anxious to have for anything. of the number of years of protection to be the bill disposed of. I do not wish to Mr. McFARLAND. The amendments given employees received the most deprive any Senator of an opportunity are not in accordance with the recom­ careful consideration by the committee. to study it; but, as I have said, it is mendation made to the committee by Recommendations were made to us by not a new bill. It is the same as a bill the Western Union. I feel that a man the companies. The Western Union itself which was passed by the Senate at the who has worked for 15 or 20 years for a recommended that the period should be last session of Congress after most care­ telegraph company and who has spent reduced to 4 years. I do not think we ful study. Time is a very important his life in preparation for an industry, have gone too far.' I should very much element if there is to be a merger. No is entitled to some consideration. I ad­ like to have the bill disposed of. If the company will care to take over another mit that these provisions are favorable Western Union is to buy the other com­ company which becomes too much in­ to labor; but I consider it most impor· pany, the longer it is delayed the more volved. Many times I have seen con­ tant that the Senate protect labor to the the debt will increase. So it will only sideration of legislation postponed, and fullest extent. I say that protection for become more difficult as time goes on to then someone would bring in something 5 years is not too much for a man who effect a merger under the proposed leg-. else. Therefore I am inclined to insist has spent years preparing for service to islation. that we go ahead and dispose of the bill an industry. Mr. McCARRAN. Mr. President, will today. We have testimony showing that the the Senator yield for a question? Mr. McNARY. Mr. President, I am turn-over in these two companies in 1 Mr. McFARLAND. I yield. not attempting to interfere with prompt year was 7,800. There can be no hard­ Mr. McCARRAN. What 'is the atti­ action and early consideration; but a ship under those circumstances. Some tude of the Postal Telegraph Co., as evi­ delay of 3 days, after all the months of the witnesses aslred for a longer pro­ denced .bY its showing before the com­ which have elapsed since this bill or tection and for full protection of the mittee? an identical bill has been on the· calen­ employees. Under these circumstances, Mr. McFARLAND. The Postal Tele­ dar, would not disturb the economic I submit that there can be no injustice to graph Co. is very anxious for a merger composure of the Western Union or the the companies: I feel that there can and because it is going under; it is going out Postal Telegraph Co. I believe that in will be a merger under these conditions. of existence. the interest of new Members of the Sen­ As was pointed out by the Senator Mr. McCARRAN. Has the company ate, who have propounded questions, the from Maine [Mr. WmTE], it is not com­ made that known, and does it appear bill should go over until Thursday. If pulsory for these companies to merge. in the printed hearings? that were done I would not be able to see They do not have to merge if the provi­ Mr. McFARLAND. Oh, yes; it ap­ any reason for any further delay. I have sions are too strict. If they feel that pears in the hearings. There have been not been prompted by any suggestions under the circumstances they cannot two different sets of hearings on this sub­ on the part of any of the new Members. merge, they do not have to merge. How­ ject. One set of hearings was held on It is possible that they are all satisfied ever, I venture to say that there will be to go forward; but since questions have Senate R~solution 95. Everyone was a merger under the bill, because they are given an opportunity to come before the been propounded, I thought it would be desirous of making the new company a committee. courteous to the new Members to sus­ stronger company. They desire espe­ In answer to the Senator from Oregon, pend consideration of the bill at this cially to merge the teletype operations, let me state that the House has made time and allow it to go over until next which are cutting in on their business. Thursday. However, the able Senator Mr. HAWKES. Mr. President, will the a different report than the report to from Arizona is in charge of the bill. which I have referred. This matter will Senator yield? · all have to go to conference anyway. I Mr. McFARLAND. Mr. President, I Mr. McFARLAND. !yield. believe it is very important to dispose of took the matter up with the able Sen­ Mr. HAWKES. I should like to ask the the proposed legislation. ator from New Jersey [Mr. HAWKES] and distinguished Senator from Arizona a he was satisfied to have it go over until question. If there is to be a merger of Mr. McNARY. Mr. President, my sug­ today. He was not satisfied with some these companies, which he and the Sen­ gestion was made in a helpful attitude. of the labor provisions. Senators may ator from Maine [Mr. WHITE] has told The able Senator from Arizona, who is well differ in regard to some of those us is absolutely necessary, where are we in charge of the bill, has control of it, questions. As I have said, all these mat­ to stop in the treatment we accord all and it is the unfinished business. ters will have to go to conference any­ the wonderful men throughout the I am mindful, as the Senator must way. The bill originally reported to the United States who have given their lives be, that there ate 10 or 12 new Members House of Representatives contains labor to industry? What have we done for the of the Senate who were not present dur­ provisions which are different from boys who have been taken out of indus­ ing the last session of . the Congress. those in the bill under consideration, and try and put into the armed forces? We Those Members have not had an oppor­ the question will have to go to confer­ have not given them any guaranty. tunity to examine the record made be~ ence. Inasmuch as we have already Mr. McFARLAND. Oh, yes; we have fore the committee, and to become fa­ passed a bill on this subject, I believe given protection to those boys. They are miliar with it, or with the record of the that it would be in the interest of the protected under the bill; and when they hearings held by the House committee. merger for us to proceed as rapidly as come back they will be given the same It is only because of a desire that the possible, and let the House take up the protection and the same employment new Members may become familiar with subject again. they would have been given had they the matter that I suggest that final ac­ Mr. TAFT. Mr. President, on page 7, continued in the service of the company tion be deferred until Thursday. In the line 6, after the words "not less than", during the war. meantime, Members on both sides of the I move to amend by striking out the Mr. HAWKES. I am not referring to aisle will have an opportunity to read the word "five" and inserting in lieu thereof the boys who have been taken out of the record and satisfy themselves on the the word "two." service of the Postal and Western Union. questions which were propounded ear­ I offer the same amendment on page I am referring to the hundreds of thou­ lier in the debate. 8, line 6, after the words "period of"; sands of boys who have been taken out Mr. McFARLAND. Two ,of the new and also on page 10, line 12, after the of industries throughout the United Members are members of our commit­ words "during the." States. All we did in the Selective Serv­ tee, and they were present when the Mr. McFARLAND. Mr. President, I ice Act was to say that the employer matter was discussed by the committee. hope the amendments will not be agreed should, so far as possible, put those boys 1943 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE . 345 back into his employment. I believe in the State Department. and the military held responsible for everything that hap­ doing that, and I believe that we should authorities had so well concealed and pens to our forces in North Africa. I am go as far as we can. However, the ques­ kept out of the public notice the inten­ willing to have him treat the situation tion I am asking is, Where are we to tions with regard to landing the expedi­ as he :finds it, and I am willing for him stop in this matter if we go further and tionary force that the landing was to adopt such measures as seem to offer further with guaranties here '__. nd no entirely a success. the best hope of his realizing all the guaranties over there? But, the critics say, once our troops advantages of the situation. Mr. McFARLAND. Mr. President, I landed in North Africa we should not Mr PEPPER. Mr. President, will the feel that I have answered the Senator, have had any further contact with cer­ Senator yield? in stating that because of the rapid turn­ tain persons whom they charge with Mr. CONNALLY. I yield. over of telegraph company employment being in sympathy with Vichy. Mr. Mr. PEPPER. In view of the very able under the present set-up it is possible President, I have no doubt that due to and clear state\llent the chairman of to have the desired protection; and I the skill with which F..linements were the Foreign Relations Committee is now believe it is the duty of Congress to give made at that time under the direction making, I wonder if for the record, at to the employees this protection. · I feel of General Eisenhower, our commander least. the able Senator from Texas will that it is the duty of Congress to give in chief in that area, and because of state--although it would not be news to the employees as much protection as negotiations and contact~ with the ruling the Senate-whether Admiral Darlan we can give them. I do not want to authorities in Morocco, in Algiers, and was invited to Algeria, or whether he was do anything that would make it impos­ in all that territory, the lives of thou­ there on a private mission, to visit his sible to have a merger; but most cer­ sands of American troops were saved. son who was a paralytic, and whose tainly I am in favor of providing pro­ The Senate will recall that our r.rmed health was almost dispaired of, and that tection for employees who have served forces met some resistance, but that the Admiral Darlan happened to arrive there for a number of years. Lal:>or has helped losses were insignificant compared to the the night the American forces entered to make these companies, just as :financial number of men involved and to the mag­ Algeria, and was not brought there by organizations have helped. Labor has nitude of the military operations. As any machinations on the part of our made the Postal System; labor has made we all know, Admiral Darlan has been military or State Department officials? the Western Union System. Those com­ assassinated. The Secretary of State Mt. CONNALLY. I thank the Senator. panies have reached such a point that, was roundly denounced and criticized for I am not prepared to state all the details because of the competition of the sub­ having anything to do with Admiral of how he came to be there at that par­ sidized air-mail lines and the telephone Darlan. Mr. President, it would have ticular moment; but the important thing companies, it has become difficult for been tragic for General Eisenhower, as was that he was there and, being there, them to operate. The telephone com­ commander in chief of our forces, to and having influence with the French panies already have merged, under pre­ have done otherwise than treat the authorities, and having power with vious legislation. I think that under the situation in a realistic manner, or for the them General Eisenhower had the good terms of the pending bill we should pro­ State Department itself to have under­ sense to use him in the saving of Ameri­ vide labor with as much protection as taken to in:fiuence General Eisenhower can lives and in advancing the military possible-all the protection which can be to do otherwise. In this war the mili­ objectives of the expedition. given them. Practically all the testimony tary commanders in the :field must rec­ What else could he do? Some of the was to the effect that we can provide ognize the realities of their situation. French armed forces are now :fighting on · them the desired protection, and I feel Admiral Darlan was in that area. He the side of the United Nations. They are that it is the duty of Congress to do so. seems to have cooperated with the mair1taining a part of the front in North American forces and the British forces Africa. Do we want to worry about what THE NORTH AFRICAN SITUATION in bringing about the capitulation of the those particular Frenchmen would do if Mr. CONNALLY. Mr. President, I do French; and, all in all, the result, so far they were back in France, as to what not wish to divert the attention of the as the United States and the United their particular preference for some par­ Senate from the telegraph company Nations standpoint were concerned, con­ ticular leader might be? . The important merger legislation, but I desire to avail stituted a valuable contribution to our thing is that they are out there baring myself of this opportunity to make a few military efforts. their breasts to the enemy. They are comments with respect to the situation There is a controversy now as to who :fightmg side by side with American in North Africa as it relates to the Secre­ should be governing North Africa­ troops, and I for one applaud the Secre­ tary of State, the State Department, and whether this French group or the other tary of State, and I applaud General the military authorities now represent­ French group-and the State Depart­ Eisenhower for the course they have pur­ ing this Government in North Africa. ment is being roundly denounced and sued There has been quite a substantial attacked because it does not assert itself If I am in a fight, in a struggle for my amount of comment and criticism in the and bring about a · realinement of the life, when death faces me, when I go out public prints, from commentators and French persons in authority. The upon an adventure that may end either in writers, as well as from commentators United States Government is not con­ safety or the sacrifice of my life, and I over the radio, attacking the action of cerned in internal French politics as have standing by me someone who is Secretary of State Hull, and chp,rging such. It is interested, however, in main­ willing to share my dangers, who is will­ that he is at some fault with respect to taining control, through the proper ing to take the hazards of battle, I am the political and military arrangements French authorities, of the areas now not going to stop and say, "By the way, in North Africa. I want to say that I occupied by American forces, and of wait a ·minute. Listen. Instead of regard the action of the Secretary of areas which we hope will be occupied by fighting, let's talk this thing over. What State and the State Department prior to American forces in the near future. political party do you belong to?" I the landing of our troops in North Af­ Without detaining the Senate with a would not want to stop the contest and rica and the handling of the Vichy au­ long dissertation on the details of the turn to him and argue with him, "What thorities as having been guided by situation, I rise today merely to say that church do you belong to? Do you believe wisdom and skill. While foreign rela­ I regard the action of Secretary Hull in immersion, or baptism by sprinkling?" tions were maintained with Vichy, there throughout this whole chapter of our [Laughter.] was no recognition -of the Vichy Govern­ international contacts in North Africa, No, Mr. President; the French authori­ ment, or of the Vichy inclination to fa­ and preceding the landing of the troops ties in North Africa, those who are there vor the Axis Powers. To have severed in North Africa, as having been a wise on the ground, are cooperating, so far as relations with Vichy would have ren­ one, one which prevented immense my information goes-and I think I have dered it impossible for the United States losses of American life and materiel, and what information there is available­ Government to secure much valuable one which now gives promise of realizing with the armed forces of the United information which our continued diplo­ the actualities of the: situation, and of States; and Mr. Hull, as Secretary of matic contacts made possible. being of great assistance to the Ameri­ State, is doing all he possibly can to I regard it as highly significant that can forces. I am willing to trust Gen­ strengthen and uphold the hands of when the United States military expedi­ eral Eisenhower, who . is on the ground, General Eisenhower. I think that Gen­ tion successfully landed in North Africa, who is in military command, who will be eral Ejsenhower's record in North Africa 346 CONGRESSIO.NAL RECORD-SENATE JANUARY 25 has already nemonstrated that he is pur­ Mr. CONNALLY. I yield. done so, they will come to the same con­ suing that course which is best for the Mr. BARKLEY. I wish to ask the clusion. It is well known that following interests of ·the expedition, and which Senator a question which is suggested by the initial landing in North Africa, with offers the greatest hope for the success of a cartoon which appeared in the Wash­ a relatively small casualty list, we sub­ our armed forces in North Africa. ington Star 2 or 3 days ago. Of course, sequently received the surrender of Mr. President, I trust that the attacks we all realize that General Eisenhower Dakar and West Africa, about which back home, behind the lines, on the Sec­ had to deal with the situation in North there had been much talk in the Senate retary of State, will not impress the Africa as he found it. in months past, which was sought to be public mind, and will not create more Mr. CONNALLY. Certainly. accomplished at one time in an attack confusion. All of us say we want to win Mr. BARKLEY. He did not create the by the British and the Free French, with the war. .,Yes; we want to do what we condition; he had to deal with it as he warships, and with military forces, and can to win the war, but;...,... then, when we found it, and it seems to me he dealt which culminated in very substantial get to the "but," someone wants to with it in the waY. that was the wisest losses to the attackers. Yet, by reason of make all sorts of attacks. possible under the circumstances, gaining the manner in which General Eisenhower Mr. President, I have not always agreed the greatest amount of territory and handled affairs in North Africa, Dakar with the President of the United States time at the minimum loss of American and West Africa surrendered without on some of his policies, and I have not lives. the loss of any lives and without the hesitated to say so, and I have not hesi­ What I rose to suggest to the Senator loss of any materiel. There came under tated to vote my convictions. But we was the cartoon which appeared in the our infiuence and under our prestige, cannot have two or three leaders in a Washington Star a few days ago, which and within the sphere of our armed war. When the Nation is engaged in pictured a long-distance conversation be­ forces, this great territory, which renders war, we have to have one leader, and tween General Eisenhower and Secretary impossible its use by the Axis as a base President Roosevelt is now our leader. Hull. In that imaginary conversation from which to attack Brazil by aircraft, He is our leader by the sanction of the G~neral Eisenhower, in North Africa, or any other operations in that area. Constitution. He is our leader by the was talking by long distance telephone It rendered it impossible for them to uti­ votes of the people of the United States. . to Secretary Hull in Washington, and lize Dakar as a submarine base from While we do not like some of the things saying, "If you can handle the situation which to prey upon our merchant vessels, our people are complaining about, some there, I think I can handle it here in our convoys, and our naval vessels. of the irritating things, some of the irri­ North Africa." So, Mr. President, I think the country tating regulations, I might say that we It seemed to me that was a very im­ ought to know· that Secretary Hull has did not like them in time of peace, and pressive way of saying what I have just rendered an outstanding service, a serv­ we did not like them because they in­ suggested, and what the Senator from ice that was actuated by his almost un­ terrupted our comfort and our conven­ Texas has emhasized, that General Eis­ believable sense of prophecy and fore­ ience. But let me say to those of us who enhower had to deal with the situation sight in taking the measures which meant are here at home, that today other men in North Africa as he found it, and he most for the safety of our forces and are out yonder on the distant reaches of has dealt with it .in what seems to me most for the success of ·our enterprise. the sea dying. Other men are far out to be a combination of statesmanlike Mr. PEPPER. Mr. President, apropos yonder in the jungles of the Dutch East qualities and military precision, in un­ of what the able Chairman of the For­ Indies dying and suffering, and it be­ dertaking to handle the. matter as he eign Relations Committee has just said, hooves us not to engage in too much has handled it. The cartoon really ex­ Senators will also recall that an article bickering and quarreling here at home pressed in a very potent way the situa­ appeared in the Washington Evening about which particular group is recog­ lion as it existed between the Secretary Star some two or three days ago, in which nized in North Africa., or this or that or of State and General Eisenhower, and was published information which Sena­ the other. We should try to follow the as it still exists, and may continue to e.."C- tors already had from a responsible leadership of our Commander in Chief. ist for some time. · source-the circumstances of Admiral When I say Commander in Chief, I Mr. CONNALLY. I th&.nk the Senator. Darlan's entry into this picture. As mean it in a military sense, of course, The cartoon described by the Senator . will be recalled, Admiral Darlan had a and in those other senses which con­ certainly presented a graphic picture of son, a ·:ictim of infantile paralysis, lying tribute to the military effort. I do not the essentials of the situation. We ill in Algiers. Prior to the arrival of mean that because the President is Com­ send a· commanding general into a ter­ American troops in Algeria he had paid mander in Chief he can do illegal things, ritory of which we expect him to take one visit to his son's bedside. The son that he can do things which are not war­ control. Naturally, he has to recognize appeared to be better in health, and Ad­ ranted by the Constitution. But this the realities of the situation, and in rec­ miral Darlan returned to Vichy, or back war is a world war, it is a war which is ognizing them he has the facts before to France. Subsequently his son's con­ going to require every ounce of energy him, and is on the ground, and it should dition became acute. Admiral Darlan and resource and strength this people not be expected that Secretary Hull went back to Algeria thinking his son was are able to produce. would undertake to direct in every de­ about to pass away, and was in the Gov­ Let us not deceive ourselves; this a tail the measures which the general ernor's palace the night the American real war. We have two powerful, mili­ might adopt. The cart0on was very elo­ forces landed in Algiers. tant adversaries. They are good soldiers, quent in suggesting that he would be The article in the Star also went on they are good fighters, they are deter­ able to look after North Africa if people to point out that our consul, Mr. Murphy, mined; they were trained and skilled by would let Secretary Hull alone over here · went to Admiral Darlan's room to plead years of practice before we became en­ a..nd let him take care of the domestic with him to use his influence against re­ gaged in the war. situation. sistance to the American occupation Mr. President, the struggle before us Mr. WHEELER. Mr. President, will forces, and, if there were any, to the may be long and it may be bitter, as it the Senator yield? British occupation forces. Subsequently, already is bitter, and I for one hope that Mr. CONNALLY. I yield. while he was in custody-actually we may discourage criticism of this, that, Mr. WHEELER. I rise to say that I at first in the custody of the troops and the other, and unite on doing those think it is very timely that the Senator raised by another French leader, and things which are necessary to enable us should today call this matter to the at­ later in the custody of the American so to marshal our strength and so to cen­ tention of the Senate and of the coun­ forces--Admiral barlan made the de­ tralize our resources that we may be able try. So far as I am concerned, I am in. cision which led to the course he subse­ to give to the men on the front line every thorough accord with the views he has quently followed. instrumentality and every weapon and expressed with reference to letting Gen­ It will be apparent, therefore, and I every kind of supply necessary to make eral Eisenhower handle the situation. I t:qink no one can dispute the facts, that it possible for them to achieve over our 'think the general has done an excellent Admiral Darlan coming into this picture enemies a triumph in the shortest possi­ job, the very best job he could have done was not a part of some scheme or sinister ble time, and to bring peace to the people under the circumstances. arrangement made by our State Depart- . of the United States. Mr. CONNALLY. I thank the Sena­ ment in any clandestine way, but was Mr. BARKLEY. Mr. President, will tor from Montana. I feel that upon the result of a straightforward appeal the Senator yield? reflection, if Senators have not already made to him by an American consular 1943 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE 347, representative to spare bloodshed, and is the thing for it to do. I did, howe.ver, harvest their crops, we have no right to certainly intended to arouse the patri­ want to make it clear that that subject ask them to plant their crops. otism he might still have had in him had already received considerable con­ Mr. President, how can a farmer be for France and for the cause for which sideration in the Senate, and that the asked to spend his money for the pur­ ·the American · troops were going to Committee on Education and Labor, chase of seed and fertilizer, and the Africa. So I think it is a fair inference which deals with the subject of voca­ acquisition of equipment necessary to that .Secretary Hull had not become an tional training, and education; and legis­ plant and harvest his crop, when the appeaser. lation pertaining to labor, would not Government of the United States does Insofar as I am personally worthy of naturally expect to desist from its study not give him any assurance that he will mention in that connection, I am sure unless required by the Senate to do so. have the labor with which to cultivate I have not been and am not now an ap­ Mr. LANGER. Mr. President, will the or harvest the crop? The United States peaser myself, and I do not favor the Senator yield? Government should be willing, at least, adoption of appeasement at any time or Mr. PEPPER. I yield. to indemnify him for the amount of at any place by anybody. But that does Mr. LANGER. Can the Senator tell money the crop has cost him if he can­ not mean that military officers and those when a report will be made by the com­ not get the necessary labor to harvest working in concert with them cannot go mittee? it, or it should assure him that the labor to anyone who has the power to resist, Mr. PEPPER. The subcommittee has will be available for the purpose of culti­ and make an appeal to him not to resist, already submitted two preliminary re­ vating and harvesting the crop. and try to arouse his support for the ports-to the full committee. Legislation The Food Administrator's Office should same cause for which we are fighting. has not yet been recommended because take hold of the problem and deal with Mr. President, Secretary Hull has had the study has not been completed by the it. If it should become necessary to use a long record in public life. The Tennes­ subcommittee, and I would not presume the armed forces, to call for volunteers see mountains. do not very often produce to speak for a subcommittee which has and recruit an itinerant labor army, or appeasers. Secretary Hull is a glorious not yet been given legal validity. How­ hire farm labor upon a monthly, bi­ product of the ruggedness of the Ten­ ever, if I were again the chairman of a monthly, or periodic basis, then let it be. nessee mountains, and as fine an expres­ similar subcommittee, I believe some done, and let the United States Govern­ sion of American character as is to be recommendation in the form of legisla­ ment make such labor available to the found anywhere. tion, if it were thought legislation were farmer at a .fair compensation. What­ INVESTIGATION OF MANPOWER RESOURCES necessary, could be expected within a ever method is determined upon, the Mr. President, turning briefly to an­ resonably short time. United States Government can furnish other ·subject, there have been some Mr. LANGER. Mr. President, will the labor to the farmers if whoever has comments made on the floor during the Senator yield? charge. of the problem takes hold of it last few days about an additional man­ Mr. PEPPER. I yield. and actually does something toward its power investigation. I have neither the Mr. LANGER. I wonder if the distin­ solution. 1·ight nor the disposition to retard any guished Senator from Florida realizes I ani one of those who, with regret and study of the subject of the best use of what is taking place in the Northwest? Our boys are being taken away from the almost despair, have seen this problem the Nation's manpower resources. I rock along week after week and month think the Senate is entitled to know, as farms. Our dairy cattle are being sold by the thousands. Auction sales are be­ after month, with no clear-cut govern­ a matter of fact, that the Military Af­ mental policy on the subject. fairs Committee has for some months ing held, even in the winter time. had before it measures pertaining to the A few days ago former Senator Lynn In nearly every mail-and I am sure effective use of the Nation's manpower, J. Frazier was in Washington. He served other Senators have had the same ex­ and it has in the past conducted certain in this body for 18 years. He has lived perience-! receive letters from farmers. investigations. The able Truman com­ in North Dakota for nearly 50 years. He I received one this morning which says: mittee has also held numerous hearings told me that he never saw such a situa­ I am ill. I have a farm (of a certain size) . upon the subject, and appointed a sub­ tion as that which confronts.the farmers I have certain livestock. I expect to plant committee, I believe, headed by the Sen­ of North Dakota at the present time. certain crops. I cannot do it unless my son Thousands of acres of land will not be is given some sort of deferment. The local ator from West Virginia [Mr. KILGORE]. draft board says that it does not feel that it They have made a rather considerable put into crops next year. Unless some­ can defer my son. What shall I do? study of this subject. A subcommittee thing is done in the near future, not of the Senate Committee on Education even the machinery which the farmers I do not know what to tell him. I do and Labor, of which I have had the honor use will be repaired. Mr. Frazier came not know whether to tell him that he to be chairman, has for at least 3 months to see me to ascertain whether some­ should refer the matter to the selective­ been investigating the same subject. thing could not be done to get these com­ service board and ask them to put his The jurisdiction of that committee rested mittees to act promptly. spn in a deferred category or refer the upon the fact that legislation was pro­ Mr. PEPPER. Mr. President, I am matter to the Manpower Commission posed which related to the civilian labor very grateful to the Senator fro.m North and ask for consideration. I have not supply of this country. It was the view Dakota for making the observation heard of the Commission intervening in of that subcommittee, at least of its which he has made, for he has stated a such cases. Or should we advise the chairman, and of many others, that leg­ situation which has been neglected by farmer to appeal to the Department of islation pertaining to the civilians of this the administrative agencies of the Gov­ Agriculture ·and have the Department country and the obligations which might ernment. I do not know what has hap­ write back and say that the solution of be imposed upon them to work properly pened to the power of the War Man­ the problem is someone else's responsi­ came within the scope of those whose power .Commission. I do not know why bility? jurisdiction related to the subject of la­ it apparently has not taken hold of the Mr. President, what we need is a clear­ bor. Our study did not contemplate co­ farm labor problem with some grasp, cut manpower policy. I prefer to see ercion upon American labor, certainly some policy, and some effectiveness. it administratively conceived and pro­ not unless every alternative should fail. This morning's newspapers indicated mulgated, because in that way it would A resolution providing for the contin­ that the whole question will be .turned have greater flexibility and could be bet­ uation of the life of that subcommittee over by the War Manpower Commission ter adapted to the changing circum­ is pending now before the whole Com­ to the Department of Agriculture. If stances found in various sections of the mittee on Education and Labor, having the Department of Agriculture does not country. However, I think we owe it to been submitted by the junior Senator perform any better than it has relating our Government to give notice that. if from Florida. If that resolution is ap­ to the question of food production, it the administrative agencies do not pre­ proved the Senate Committee on Educa­ will not do the job very well. Until the pare, promulgate, and put into effect a tion and Labor expects to continue its Department of Agriculture tells the sensible manpower policy, there will be investigation. Of course, if any other farmers of the country that they may no alternative but for the Congress to committee cares to conduct ani .vestiga­ be assured of a dependable source of enact such legislation as will be necessary tion, and believes it should do so, that labor to enable them to cultivate and in arriving at a solution of tl'le problem.

· ~ 348 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE JANUARY 25

·THE.. MANPOWER SITUATION week, th~ cotton spindles in the United States spindle-hours per spindle in place for the were oper!!'ted during December 19~~ at 127.9 month was 450. Mr. MAYBANK. Mr. President, in perceJ;lt capacity. This percentage compares, The total number of cotton-spinning spin­ connection· with 'the discussion of the on the same basis, with 133.4 for November, dles in place, the number active, the number manpower situation, I believe it is ap­ 136.9 for October, 134.9 for September, 136.4 · of active spindle-hours, and 'the average hours propriate at this time for me to make for August, 130.2 for July, and 125.4 for De­ per spindle in place by States are shown in a few remarks which I had intended to cember 1941. The average number of active the following statement: submit later. ... In the first place, I should like to con­ Active spindle-hours for cur in what has been said by other Spinning spindles December Senators in connection with the situa-­ tion relating to agricultural labor. I State Average In place Active per also entirely agree that the sooner some Dec. 31 during TotaJ spindle plan is devised and put into effect the December in place better it will be for everyone concerned. Mr. President, I invite attention to a United States ••• ·--······------··--··-····-··-·- 23,845,746 22,887,072 10,733,658, 128 4.50 news release from the Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, Wash­ Cotton-growing States •• ·------······------·---·---- 17,890, 520 17, 401,962 8, 737, 442,708 488 New England St.ates______5, =·. ~: 4, :~·. ~ 1, ~· 454, ~ ~ ington, D. C., issued on January 20, 1943. All other States. ------·------====1====!==='=76=1·,= · =I==== 1 This release shows that the active Alabama ______.______1,815, 544 1, 785,858 909, 408, 891 ·oo1 spindle-hours in the State of South ••••• ____ •• ______• __ ._.--.---.-.-----.-.-••••• --- 518,192 453,806 147,456,209 285 3,130, 934 2, 979,926 1, 557, 019, 160 497 Carolina are higher than in any other ~e~!J~~~: ~ :::::: ::::::::::::::::::::: :~:::: ::::::::::::::::::::: 618,296 577,452 216, 317,990 350 State in the Union, numbering 2,725,- Massachusetts. _____ .... ____ ------·------2, 928,998 2, 725,374 1, 004, 116, 918 343 956,051. In fact, the spindle-hours in M ississippL ______•. _•• _. _. _.. _•••••••• _•.•.•.. --. --.---••• --- 133,840 133,840 71,706,771 536 New Hampshire .•• ___ -----_____ .•.• ------•• --.------·---- 280,272 261, 24B 119, 742,813 427 South Carolina alone exceed the active New York. ___ ------319,416 267,534 89, 994, 946 282 spindle-hours in all the States outside North Carolina._ •• ______------.---.-----._.------.--.----- 5, 794,640 5,687, 102 2, 712, 348, 546 468 Rhode Island. ______------._ .•••• ------876,680 837,398 291, 811, 020 333 the Cotton Belt. South Carolina ______.--._ ••. ------.-.---.-·.------5, 421,332 5, 276,208 2, 725, !}5fi, 051 503 Workers in South Carolina have been Tennessee..•••• ______------_---•. -•• --•• ------.------543,904 532,982 316, 283, 838 582 237,420 235,112 104, 251, 512 439 most patriotic. There have been no ~T~~1a.:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 645,124; 606,170 272, 827, 288 423 strikes or slow-downs, and I desire to All other States.------681,154 527,062 194,416, 175 335 take this opportunity, as one of their representatives, to commend them. Mr. MAYBANK. Mr. President, I have Nye Shipstead Wagner I also wish to call attention to the O'Daniel Stewart · Wallgren fact that although South Carolina has made reference to my State because I O'Mahoney Taft Walsh an abundance of electricity and other know the conditions there. I know that Overton Thomas, Idaho Wheeler similar conditions exist in other States. Pepper Thomas, Okla. Wherry resources, including some of the most Radcliffe Thomas. Utah White highly skilled workers in America, since In one section of the country there is a · Revercomb Truman Wiley the beginning of the confiict no attempt surplus of manpower. In another sec­ Reynolds Tunnell Willis tion additional workers are needed. Robertson Tydings Wilson has been made to utiliZe these resources Russell Vandenberg by any war production activities or by Along the coast, where shipyards are con­ Scrugham VanNuys structing vessels, there is a shortage of the establishment of any war plants of The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr. TUN­ any consequence within the State. In manpower. In other regions there is a great surplus. However, nearly all the NELL in the chair). Eighty-five Senators fact, Mr. President, last month the War having answered to their names, a Manpower Commission showed a sur­ farmers throughout America are in the same position with regard to a shortage of quorum is present. plus of labor available in South Caro­ Mr. BARKLEY. Mr. President, the lina despite the fact that more than help. I hope some solution of the man­ power problem will soon be found. Senator from Ohio has offered an amend­ 100,000 of our boys have volunteered, or ment reducing to a 2-year period the have been called to the colors. CONSOLIDATIONS AND MERGERS OF 5-year period, wherever it may be pro­ If the United States Government DOMESTIC TELEGRAPH CARRIERS vided in the bill, dealing with an em­ wants skilled workers far removed from The Senate resumed the consideration ployee of any company consolidated or the coast line, there is no better place of the bill ower has substantially changed, and Mr. MOORE. I should like to see a Mr. President, I think the period is a this bill is absolutely contrary to and at merger brought about; I think it would reasonable one. I have nothing further variance with the present policy of probably be a wise step from the stand­ to offer, and I hope the amendment will the Government regarding manpower. point of economy. I should like to see not be agreed to. Whereas in every other field we are try­ it for the reason that the Postal Co. Mr. BUTLER. Mr. President, will the ing to force people into essential employ­ woUld probably fail anyway, and then Senator yield? ment, here we are, by definition, provid­ its employees would be out of work; un­ Mr. BARKLEY. I yield. ing excessive employees in the telegraph less the company were taken over by Mr. BUTLER. The Senator from industry, and encouraging them to re­ the creditors or the Government. In Kentucky may have the information I main in that industry, although they do the latter case the employees . of the desire. One of the main purposes of not hav~ anything to do, or will not have Postal woUld be working for the Gov­ the bill is to take care of the employees enough work to do for a period of 5 ernment. of the company which is to be absorbed. years, during and perhaps long after the The hope which some of us have is Does that include all the employees, or war. that private enterprise will be encour­ only a certain number of the employees? The manpower situation has become aged, and situations brought about Mr. BARKLEY. The two sections of sufficiently seriom: to call for a recon­ which will resUlt in men being employed the bill which I discussed draw a distinc­ sideration of what the Senate did when 1n private enterprise, rather than have tion between the employees who have it previously passed a similar bill. We the Postal Co.· continue in competition been on the company's pay roll since the do not treat any other industry in this with Western Union, so that they will 1st of March 1941 and those who have way. Mr. Donald Nelson appeared be­ both lose. been employed for a longer period of fore a Senate committ~e the other day . Mr. BARKLEY. I do not know of time. Those who come in the former and discussed with us the question of so­ anyone, in the Senate or elsewhere, who category of more recent employees may called concentration of industry. He seriously desires to have the Govern­ be discharged, but they must receive said that he .had had a committee work­ ment of the United States take over what would be equal to 4 weeks' full pay ing. for months considering the question either the Postal Co. or the Western at the time they are discharged. and that the weight of opinion was that Union, and it seems that inasmuch as Mr. BUTLER. The point on which I we must in the case of many industries the Government has a considerable should like to have some light is this: say to an industry, "You must shut down amount of money invested in the Postal, No doubt there are certain employees half your plants and throw out of work if it had to take either one of them, in who are organized, and undoubtedly a the people in those plants, and concen­ the absence of a merger, it would be the company which has been so long in exist­ trate all the work in the other plants, Postal. Whether the Government had ence, and which has had so much ex­ in order to save material and in order to better lose the $9,000,000 it has loaned, perience as the Postal has had, has a relieve manpower." or whatever the amount is, instead of good many employees who are unorgan­ Mr. President, we saw the actual opera­ having to take the Postal Co. over and ized I should .like· to know if the ap­ tion of the War Production Board in the operate it in competition, is a matter plication of the bill is to be the same in case of gold mines. The Board shut about which any man may have his own either case. down every gold mine in the country, opinion. Of course, the companies Mr. BARKLEY. Absolutely. I see no largely because, as it said, ''We do not might never merge. They would not be distinction between those who are . un­ have enough men in the country, so we required to merge. They would merely organized and those who are organized. are goiug to shut down the gold mines; be permitted to merge. Subsection (7) on page 10 provides that thus forcing those men into unemploy­ If they never merged, of course the 5- no employee who has been employed or ment in the mines, and using them in year period or 2-year period would not was employed at a period prior to the other fields where labor is needed." have anything to do with the enactment 1st of March 1941 shall be discharged Mr. President, it is very well to say of the law or its operation.- But if they without his consent, or have his compen­ that the men involved in the proposed are to be merged on the theory that it sation reduced without his consent dur­ merger are a special group, but the man­ would be to the interest of the public ing the 5-year period. It makes no ref­ power pool is a single pool. Olde.r men service, to the telegraph business gen­ erence whatever to · whether such em­ often can go into some other work and erally, and if it were to the interest of ployee belongs ta an organization or not. relieve younger men, until we finally all concerned in both companies that Mr. BUTLER. If I may ask a further reach the point where we have men avail­ they should merge, the committee felt, question, are the provisions of the bill able for the most violent and pressin~ and now feels, and I myself feel strongly, applicable to the president, the vice pres­ kind of physical labor. that 5 years is not too long to allow ident, the general manager, the chief Mr. BARKLEY. Mr. President, will the merged companies to adjust their counsel, and all other employees of the the Senator yield? relationship to the old employees who company? There appears to be no ex­ Mr. TAFT. I yield. have spent their lives in the telegraph ception. Mr. BARKLEY. The Senator from business and who may find it difficult Mr. BARKLEY. While in a sense the Ohio said we have treated no other in­ to integrate themselves into other voca­ p,resident of a corporation is employed dustry like this. Some years ago we tions, so as to enable them to survive by it, he is not referred to among the passed legislation authorizing the merger and support themselves and their employees. I have not read whether of railroad companies, and we made pro­ families. there is a definition of the word "em­ vision for at ·least attempting to take Mr. MOORE. It is not a question ployees" in the bill itself. care of employees who would be affected whether it is just or not to the em­ Mr. TAFT. Mr. President, will the by mergers. We did not provide exactly ployees. It is a question whether the Sei}ator yield? as we do here, but we did undertake to measure would impose a burden so Mr. BARKLEY. I yield. protect employees who had spent their heavy as to make it prohibitive for the Mr. TAFT. I might say that anyone lives in the railroad business and who Western Union to assume the burden. who receives a salary of more than were thrown out by reason of mergers. The proposed legislation is permissive in $5,000 is specifically excepted. It applies We sought to protect them so that they nature, as I understand, but if it were only to those who receive under $5,000. could be gradually integrated into the to result in placing a prohibitive burden Mr. BARKLEY. Yes; I find on page merged companies, so they would not be on one company, then the point I make 11 of the bill the provision that those left on the ~treets wanting any protec­ is that it would be a futile thing. who draw more than $5,000 are excepted tion. The method by which we did it Mr. BARKLEY. The Western Union from the provision of the bill. was a little different from this, but the was given every opportunity to present Mr. President, that is all I have to say principle is the same. its contentions to the committee, as was on the subject. Mr. TAFT. That was in times past, thE' Postal Telegraph Co. Everyone Mr. TAFT. Mr~ President, it is true when no manpower problem existed. The . connected with the whole situatiorl that. a bill similar to th~s passed in the point I make is that the situation has waR given opportunity to appear be­ last session of the Senate, with the 5-year changed since the passage of the original fore the committee. The committee provision in it. Since that time, how:. bill. Anyone who will read the report 1943 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE 351 I of the Truman committee made to the ployees. If the shortage is as described likely to lose out would· begin to look Senate last week will see that in the farm by the Senator, the Western· Union will around· :"or· work immediately. Many of machinery industry a. concentration was not be able to ·get any but Postal em­ them would go into war work. That is carried out; that plant after plant man­ ployees to carry on the telegraph busi­ what it is desired to induce them to do ufacturing farm machinery was cut ness, if there is no excess; but there is an if it can be done. That is the object down. Nothing was done for the em­ excess, and there will be a substantial of the present voluntary method of ob­ ployees of the farm-machinery plants excess. taining manpower. If the men are pro­ which were closed. They were told. to Mr. AUSTIN. Mr. President, will the tected for a period of 5 years they will enlist in the Army Ol' to find some other­ Senator from Ohio yield for a question? have no incentive at all. They will look position in which their work could be Mr. TAFT. I yield. forward to a period after the war when more useful to the war effort. Mr. AUSTIN. Subparagraph 7 on there may be a great deal of unemploy­ Mr. BARKLEY. Mr. President, will page 10 of the bill limits the effect to ment, and will say to themselves, "We the Senator again yield? one cause only, namely, "as a direct re­ had better take this rather than go out Mr. TAFT. I yield. sult of such consolidation or merger." and look for other work," because the Mr. BARKLEY. Of course, those were The bill merely provides that the rate moment they go out and find war work to inevitable results of tb.e war. This is not of compensation of employees of the do, as we want them to do, they imme­ a war measure. A similar measure has merged companies shall not be reduced diately lose th~ benefits of this provision been under consideration for a long time. without their consent, and that they unless they are actually drafted under It was considered by Congress long be­ shall not be deprived of their employ­ the selective service law. fore we got into the war, so_it does not ment without their consent, for one Mr. LUCAS. Mr. President, will the present a situation parallel to that which cause, namely, "as a direct result of such Senator yield? the Senator is discussing. consolidation or merger." Mr. TAFT. I yield. Mr. TAFT. I think the situation is I merely suggest that the Senator from Mr. LUCAS. I am not familiar with parallel today. Why should we deliber­ Ohio consider those words as bearing the proposed legislation. I am wondering ately force thousands of Qther persons upon the point he has made, namely, whether or not there is anything in the out of work in order to get enough men, that this provision would be in conflict bill which would compel the Western and then provide a feather bed in the with the proposed National Service Act. Union to keep its employees also for a telegraph industry for twice as many My own opinion is that it does not con­ period of time. men as are actually needed to carry on flict with any other law. If the Con­ Mr. TAFT. Yes. The bill would re­ that business in time of war? gress should enact a National Service quire it to keep both sets of employees Mr. McFARLAND. · Mr. President, will Act, and thus give authority to the Gov- for 5 years. Naturally the result would the Senator yield? . ernment to control and dispose of labor, be too many employees. Mr. TAFT. I yield. which authority the Government does Mr. DANAHER. Mr. President, will Mr. McFARLAND. I should like to not now have-and I am sure the Sena­ the Senator yield? call the Senator's attention to the fact tor from Ohio will agree with that state­ 'Mr. TAFT. I yield. that from December 31, 1940, to Decem­ ment-then the provision to which I have Mr. DANAHER. The pending bill ber 31, 1941, there was a total turn­ referred would not affect the operation ·of comes from a committee of which I am over of employees of the Western Union the National Service Act at all. not a member. I understood the Sena­ and the Postal Telegraph of 7,820. It Mr. TAFT. Mr. President, I agree with tor from Arizona to say to the Senator will be at least 2 years after March 1, the Senator from Vermont to this extent: from Ohio that the design of the pro­ 1941, before the merger can occur, which I do not think the proposed act-al­ vision under consideration is to protect will make a total turn-over of 15,000 men though it is not entirely clear-would men who have given a lifetime of service who could be let out. interfere in arty way with the Draft Act. to one or the other of the merging com­ Mr. TAFT. I am interested in know­ I thing that act supersedes any provf­ panies. However, as I read the bill, it ing why the Senator says ,it will take 2 sioh iri the pending bill. If an employee appai ently ·· applies· only to ·those whose years. My understanding is that the· is drafted under the Draft Act he is en-· period of ·employment began on or be­ bill must be passed now because the titled to go back after the war to his fore March 1, 1941. If that is correct, merger has to be carried out immedi­ ·former place of employment and finish it then follows that a person who has ately. out the remainder of his 5 years. been in the employ of one of the com­ Mr. McFARLAND. I might say to the Whether the 5 years would run from that panies fo_r a period of somewhat less Senator that the employee must have time, or from the present, I do not know. than 2 years would come within the been in the service of the company on I have not been able to ascertain.· How­ provlsion to which reference has been March 1, 1941. The bill must be passed in ever, I assume that if there were a Na­ made, and, therefore, no lifetime of the House. Notice must be given to the tional Service Act-there is not, and may service is necessarily involved. Is that Federal Communications Commission never be-it would probably supersede a correct statenaent? , of the proposed merger, all of which will any provisions in the pending bill, al­ Mr. TAFT. My understanding is that take time. By that time 15,000 persons though I suppose it would still contain if anyone-a messenger boy or girl, or will be out as a result of the turn-over the 5-year provision. anyone else-who was employed before of employees. There is a total of adult I believe there is only one good argu­ March 1, 1941, is discharged as a result employe€3 in both systems at this time ment for inserting the labor provisions in of the. proposed merger, he or she may of approximately 40,000. In the West­ the bill. In the case of a merger of two immediately claim pay or employment ern Union approximately 30,000 are em­ companies, if there is an excess of em­ for 5 years. I cannot find anything in the ployed. Fifteen thousand subtracted ployees, and there is need for only the bill to the contrary. from 40,000 leaves about 25,000 em­ employees of one company, the company Incidentally, the legislation applying ployees. Twenty-five thousand is less which takes over the other is likely to to railroads provides that no man can than will be needed. allow the employees of the other com­ have a period of protected employment Mr. TAFT. Then apparently the labor pany to go. It therefore seems reason­ · longer than the period he has already provisions are wholly unnecessary, and able to provide for a short period-2 served. could be entirely omitted from the bill. years, perhaps-so that the new com­ Mr. DANAHER. Mr. President, will Mr. McFARLAND. That would be un­ pany may have an incentive to take the Senator from Ohio further yield? necessary if we had any assurance that those employees in, try them out, and Mr. TAFT. . I yield. the Western Union would keep the Post­ let them compete with its own employees Mr. DANAHER. I appreciate the view al employees who have devoted a life- · for the jobs. and the courtesy of the Senator from time to this industry, and whose whole I believe there is something to be said Ohio; but I wonder if he will be kind livelihood is at stake. If we had some in favor of forcing the Western Union enough to ask whether or not the inter­ assurance that they would be kept, such into that positior.. However, that object pretation which he has just given is a provision would be unnecessary. Some could be accomplished by a 2-year pro­ concurred in by the Senator from Ari­ one will have to take their places. vision just as easily as by a 5-year pro­ zona. Mr. TAFT. Today either the Western vision. A 2-year period would be suffi­ Mr. TAFT. I will ask the Senator :Union or the Postal may dismiss its em- ciently short so that the men who were from Arizona to answer the question. 352 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE JANUARY 25 Mr. McFARLAND. I will state very Nye Russell Wagner . Mr. VANDENBERG. Mr. President, I O'Dan!el Shipstead Wallgren frankly that the provision referred to is O'Mahoney stewart Walsh am sorry to say that I think the Senator intended to give protection to all who Overton Taft Wheeler ' is mistaken. If I may follow up the ob­ were employed on March 1, 1941, and Pepper Thomas, Utah Wherry servation of the Senator from Wisconsin Radcl11fe Tunnell White [Mr. 'WILEY], I should like to read from continued in employment from that date~ Revercomb · Tydings Wiley In Senate bill 2445 we divided it up, R·eynolds Vandenberg W111is the bottom of the page from which he and said that those who had been in the Robertson yanNuys Wilson read and continuing on the next page. employment of the company for more The PRESIDING OFFICER. Seventy­ At that point Mr. Williams said: than 5 years should be protected in their eight Senators having answered to their I believe also that the consolidated com­ jobs, and so forth. In making the names, a quorum is present. pany might be expected to provide employ­ change we protected them as to salary, Mr. McFARLAND. Mr. President, I ment for certain Postal employees not actu­ but eliminated the provision that they ally needed in any capacity, particularly ask for the yeas and nays. those of long service, but generally it should be employed in the same class of em­ · The yeas and nays were ordered. not be required to employ thousands of ployment, and provided they must be Mr. LANGER. Mr. President, I should people for 5 years for whom it has no work assigned to work which is consistent with like to ask the -ditsinguished Senator or for whom it would be required to create his past training and experience. from Arizona whether one Joseph P. unnecessary work. The matter was gone into very care­ Selly, president of the American Com­ fully and considered by the committee. So his observation would seem to apply munications Association, testified before to the pending question. It was decided that this protection could the committee. be given the employees without any in­ Mr. McFARLAND. He did testify. Mr. McFARLAND. Of course, Mr. jury to the company. Of course, it would Mr. WILEY. Mr. President, I am not Williams wanted a 4-year period to be prot-ect some employees who have not a member of the committe. I also provided. Without referring to the tes­ been in the service of the company for should like to address a question to the timony, which I remember very well, let such a long period of time; but, as I have distinguished Senator from Arizona. I me say that the quotation read by the pointed out, the turn-over is very rapid. might say first that I listened to the Senator from Wisconsin referred to the I have reference to adult employees. I statement by the distinguished Senator . other provision. Mr. Williams said, in am not speaking of messengers, because from Oklahoma [Mr. MooRE], in which effect: the turn-over of messengers is 320 per­ he said in substance that the question You cannot have two men doing identical cent a year. There is no question about was one of getting the two organizations work in the same town. You canno~ require the situation pertaining to messengers. together. Does the Senator recall the the employment of two managers for the Everyone concedes that that is not a same offl.ce. You must let us have some testimony of Mr. Williams, the president leeway, and let us move one of those men problem. Our problem deals only with of the Western Union Co., in which he to some other job. the adult employee. said: Mr. TAFT. I thank the Senator from This brings me down to the labor provi­ We gave him the leeway for which he Arizona for answering the question of sions. My view is that, as written, it is very asked. We did not give Mr. Williams the Senator from Connecticut. · doubtful that anY. merger and consolidation everything for which he asked-no-but Mr. President, I wish to say only one would result, certainly not the acquisition we gave him everything to which we thing more. I believe that so far as the of Postal by Western Union. I believe that thought he was entitled; and we did think the consolidated telegraph company should he was entitled to have a little leeway men and women in these companies are do everything within reason to find employ­ concerned, they would be better off with ment for the largest possible number of in the matter of moving his employees the 2-year provision, because they will Postal employees, at their present rates of around. never find another time when they can pay, but this can be done only if the con­ Mr. LANGER. Mr. President, I should get another job as easily as they can solidated company is given wide latitude as like to ask a further question of the get one today. I believe they ought to to where and how they can be employed. Senator from Arizona. I understood go out and look for other jobs. I think My question is this: How did the Sen­ from what the Senator said a short time they should look for war jobs. They ator arrive at the 5-year period, if the ago that the Postal Telegraph Co. is in­ ought to be persuaded not to stay for a president of the only company which solvent. However, I notice that its finan­ period of 5 years where they are not could effectuate the consolidation said cial statement as of r~cember 31, 1941, needed. -that it could not be consolidated on that which I have before me, says it has a There has never been a time when basis. capital surplus of over $33,000,000. Not there was so great a call for men with Mr. McFARLAND. Mr. President, I being a member of the committee, I telegraphic or electrical knowledge as shall answer the Senator; but first, in should like to have the Senator explain there is now. I do not believe we can answer to the question of the Senator that if he will. give to the employees any benefit by from North Dakota [Mr. LANGER] in re­ Mr. McFARLAND. My statement was insisting that .they have 5 years of em­ gard to Mr. Selly's appearance and testi­ made in response to the question asked ployment in an industry which, by defini­ mony, let me say that he appeared and by the Senator from Vermont [Mr. tion or hypothesis, does not actually testified in the hearing on Senate bill AIKEN], who asked for the financial need that many employees. 2445, which was virtually identical to the statement. The figure which the Sena­ Mr. McFARLAND. Mr. President, I pending bill. The pending bill was only tor from North Dakota has stated is suggest the absence of a quorum.· recently introduced. We did not have contained in the financial statement; The PRESIDING OFFICER. The open hearings on it, because in the last but, as was explained by Chairman Fly, clerk will call the roll. session we had complete hearings on the the financial assets of a company are The Chief Clerl{ called the roll, and corresponding measure, and we felt that measured by its earning power. The the following Senators answered to their the record was sufficient. company is earning less than nothing; names: In answer to the question by the Sen­ it is losing $300,000 a month. So we can­ Aiken Chandler Holman · ator from Wisconsin [Mr. WILEY]. let me not take its financial statement as to its Andrews Chavez Johnson, Colo. state that in the testimony to which the assets and say that it is worth that much, Austin Clark, Mo. La Follette Bankhead Danaher Langer Senator has referred, Mr. Williams was because it is going in the hole all the Barbour Davis Lodge not referring at all to- the 5-year period. time. Barkley Ellender Lucas What Mr. Williams was referring to was As was pointed out in the recom- · Bilbo Ferguson McCarran Bone George McClellan a provision providing each employee mendations of Mr. Jones, head of the Brewster Gerry McFarland shall continue in the same class of work. Reconstruction Finance Corporation, Bridges Gillette McKellar Mr. Williams wanted more latitude in that company is now at the end of its Brooks Green McNary Buck Guffey Maloney respect to changing them around. rope. The R. F. C. did not feel that it Burton Gurney May bank We gave Mr. Williams the latitude for could lend it any more money. Butler Hatch Mead which he asked. We made the change in In other words, that is the situation Byrd Hawkes Millikin Capper Hayden Moore the bill which was reported to the . which is confronting us, _and something caraway Bill Murdock Senate. must be done. 1943 CONGRESSIONAL . RECORD-SENATE 353 Mr. LANGER. Does not the Senator - Mr. LANGER. It is the very state­ question is that in my section of the think it is strange that this company is ment the Senator from Arizona himself country there are many small mutual . broke, but that its stock has been going inserted today. telephone companies which carry Postal up until it has doubled-in the last year? Mr. McFARLAND. What is that? telegrams continually by phone. Is the Mr. McFARLAND. Regardless of Mr. LANGER. It is found on page 10. definition of those carriers, as contained what the stock is worth on the market at Mr. McFARLAND. I have it here be- in the Communications Act of 1934, con .. present, we must take into consideration fore me. It was generally conceded that tained in the pending bill, if the Senator the earning power of the company; and the Postal company is worth nothing knows, and if he knows, I should like t1l the Postal company is going under. now. No one appeared before our com­ inquire whether there is any possibility When a company cannot hold its own mittee, no representative of any labor of such mutual telephone companies under (..lrcumstances such as those found organization or anyone else, who did not being included in the provisions of the in the middle of a war, what will it do in admit that something had to be done measure, because the bill provides that peacetime? That is the whole consider­ with regard to the Postal Telegraph Co. any domestic telegraph carriers might ation. We have an opportunity here to Some would like to have us continue to merge their properties. save the employees and to save the com­ subsidize them. But I hope we may Mr. McFARLAND. I will answer the munications system, and I say that it is avoid that by this legislation. question by reading from subsection (2), important to save a telegraph communi .. Mr. MOORE. Mr. President, the Sen­ page 12, as follows: cation system for the people of the ator from Arizona admits that the Pos­ (2) The term "domestic telegraph carrier" United States. tal Telegraph Co. is bankrupt? means any common carrier by wire or radio, Mr. LANGER. I merely wish to call Mr; McFARLAND. Yes. the major portion of whose traffic and reve­ the attention of the Senator to the fact Mr. MOORE. That it is losing money nues from record communications is derived that the Postal Telegraph Co. stock was at the rate of $~00,000 a month? from the acceptance, transmission, reception, quoted at 6% just a short time ago. At Mr. McFARLAND. Yes; approxi­ and delivery of such ·communications botil the end of the year it had risen to 10, and originating and terminating within the con­ mately that. tinental United States, including a corpo­ now it is in the neighborhood of 12. Mr. MOORE. And that it owes the ration owning or controlling any such com­ Mr. McFARLAND. Let me ask the Government a sum of money which it mon carrier. Senator if that is not the preferred stock. will be unable to pay? Mr. LANbER. The preferred stock, Mr. McFARLAND. That is correct. The PRESIDING OFFICER. The yes. Mr. MOORE. Then it would be desir­ question is on agreeing to the amend­ Mr. McFARLAND. Of course, they are able for the Western Union to take the ments on page 7, line 6, page 8, line 6, anticipating the enactment of the pend­ Postal over and consolidate it into its and page 10, line 12, offered by the Sena­ ing bill. Perhaps they will get some­ facilities, and extend the employment of tor from Ohio [Mr. TAFT]. Without ob­ thing out of it. I hope they will, but I the men employed both in the Western jection, the three amendments will be do not want them to get it at the expense Union and in the Postal, if it could do so. voted upon en bloc. The yeas and nays of the man who is employed, the laborer. The Senator admits that? have been ordered, and the clerk will call Mr. LANGER. At the same time, is it Mr. McFARLAND. Yes. the roll. not true that Western Union stock has Mr. MOORE. That is what the Sen­ The legislative clerk proceeded to call gone up from 20 to 30? Therefore it ator wants? the roll.' looks to me as though these companies Mr. McFARLAND. Certainly. Mr. WAGNER

Di~trict of the State of Missouri, of his in­ not the revenue of the carrier taken with chinery for a comprehensive national policy tention to contest the election of the said the other revenue of the air carrier would with respect to the air. MILLER. Reply to this notice was made by enable the carrier under efficient man­ Underlying the statute is the principle that Lours E. MILLER on December 28, 1942. From the country's welfare in time of peace, and ,this latter date, the 90 days provided by law agement to maintain and continue the its safety in time of war, rests upon the in which to take testimony in support of development of the air transportation existence of a stabilized aircraft production­ ' the allegations began to run. Now comes to the extent and of the character and an economically and technically sound air the parties to the contest in communltlation quality required for the commerce of the transportation system, both domestic and 'addressed to me dated January 20, 1943, United States, the Postal Service, and overseas-an adequate supply of well-trained 'making joint application for order or recount the national defense. The Attorney civilian pilots and grou~d personnel. ; and setting forth the reasons therefor. General interpreted this lang·uage to The joint letter signed by the parties to mean that the Board had to take into The Civil Aeronautics Act of 1938 was ,the contest together with the four enclosures consideration for instance cost and ex­ written by this committee after the hear­ .noted therein are submitted herewith for the ings were completed. We made an ex­ consideration of the appropriate committee. pense to our air lines in carrying out a haustive study, and the committee took Very truly yours, contract for air lines in Latin America time to do this. We were not on a head.:. SOUTH TRIMBLE, where those contracts are approved by line hunting expedition. We accepted Cl6rl; of the. House of Representa.tives. the c. A. B. under section 412 of the act. That is the way we accomplished the the responsibility that rested upon us as The SPEAKER. Without objection, purpose, and the German and Italian a committee of this House. We accept­ the gentleman from California may pro­ planes have been practically driven out ed the job as a plodding, working job, ceed f01: 10 additiongJ minutes. of South America today because of that which it was. There was no objection. power given to the Civil Aeronautics We followed that with the Civilian CIVIL AVIATION Board. In other words we subsidized Pilot Training Act, under which more our foreign carriers sufficiently to enable than 50,000 boys were trained in primary Mr. LEA. An American air carrier ac­ flying before the war started. Many of quires its right to operate in foreign them to cut out our destructive competi­ tors in those countries. Today the Amer­ them are now in the service. That train:. countries by two diff~rent methods: One ing plan was later expanded. is through rights acquired by treaty be­ ican air lines are flying and giving serv­ ice in over 50 nations of this earth. At An airport program was put into effect tween this country and the foreign the same time the good-neighbor policy under this act and over 500 airfields have co~ntry; the other is by negotiating their and the activities of the State Depart­ been established in the United States. own agreements with such country. We The matter of airport regulations is im­ h2,d this matter up with the State De­ ment also greatly contributed in execut­ ing the general ~lans. portant to the future of this country, it partment when this bill was written in As to whether or not our committee should be continued and no doubt will 1938. At that tlme, Germany in particu­ has done a useful service in these mat­ be, if we have proper supervision. lar, and Italy to a degree, were engaged ters I ·want to make three quotations. Now, a word about the future of avia._ in trying to control airlines in ·south The first is by Col. Edgar S. Gorrell, tion. Aviation, as I told you, received America. They were engaged in a move­ president of the Air Transport Associa­ last year $105,000,000 for its services. ment not only directed against the eco­ tion of America, a society that included Aviation should within a few years have nomic interests of the United States, but all the air lines of the United States. an income of three or four hundred mil:.. against the very safety of this country as He has a comprehensive knowledge of all lion dollars. The more it advances, the a Nation. The State Department was phases of aviation, probably not sur­ more efficient it becomes, the greater it fully aware of that. Mr. Moore, beloved passed by any American. He made this can reduce the cost and increase the in this House, then in the State Depart­ statement in his personal capacity in mechanical skill of the plane, the more ment, took an active interest in that 1939. important it will be in the transportation problem. Without any fanfare or head­ He said: system of this country and the world. line effort we tried to work out a plan In some respects the airplane made to meet that situation: With the air-transport industry forging ahead in its mission of public service, we are easy progress. It has a good appeal for There were two difficulties: In the extremely ~ortunate in having as our Federal patronage where time is essential. It first place if our Government negotiates charter of regulation a new Civil Aeronautics has a good appeal to the passenger a treaty with another country it usually Act, in the drafting of which the statesman­ traffic. It can appeal to high-class results in granting reciprocal rights. In ship of foresight was employed in liberal de­ freight-expensive but not very heavy. order to get a right by treaty with an­ gree, and in the support of which the Presi­ It can do a good service in carrying more other country that country will com­ dent and the Congress, after a patient, long­ of the mail of this country, I have no continued and conscientious study, made an monly demand reciprocal rights. We immeasurable contribution to the needs and doubt. But it has had some hard might get the worst end of the bargain aspirations and the future welfare of our troubles, too. The necessity of greater because we are the assertive Nation, we commerce, our Postal Service, and our na­ mechanical improvement, the cheaper actively seek a privilege by going there tional defense. Already America has recog­ production of planes, more endurance, and trying to acquire our rights. They nized their action as just and wise. The and reduced fuel cost are of tremendous m~:~.~ not be in aviation, but they will say, brake has b3en taken from: the wheel. importance. Then it must produce a "We will give you those rights but in Then Eddie Rickenbacker, well known balance sheet on which its very life return we will require that our country to our country, said recently after the depends. be accorded similar rights in the United Collier Trophy was given to the air lines I was much interested when my atten· States." Those rights can be trans­ and to the Army.for the greatest accom­ tion was called a few days ago to an ferred to unfriendly nations; so we may plishment in aviation.for last year: address by President Patterson, of the ss,crifice by making treaty agreements. United American Lines, in which he This award takes on special significance at It was considered better on the whole this time because it brings to light the vision compared the cost of transportation by to let these aviation companies so far and foresight of the Congress of the United airplane with the cost by freight train. as possible work out their own treaties States and the Government in adopting, years He based his calculation on the assump­ with these different countries. This we ago, a long range program to fester, develop, tion that under present costs it would did with the requirement that the agree­ and encourage civil aviation. cost 35 times more to transport a train­ ment with a foreign country shall be Such a program, under which the air lines load of freight from to San subject to the approval of the Civilian of the United States were developed to a de­ Francisco and back by air than it would Aeronautics Board. A license is granted gree of usefulness and efficiency unsurpassed if it were done by freight train. Then subject to the approval or disapproval of anywhere else in the world, enabled them to he made a computation of the relative the President. In this way we avoid be ready to help the Army solve one of the cost of transporting by airplane and ship making the sacrifice that the system of most difficult problems of the whole war. cargo from San Francisco to Australia reciprocal agreements would involve. The President, in 1939, said: and. back. He estimated that the :final A provision of the act requires that the Civil aviation is clearly recognized as the comparison was that airplane transpor­ Board in fixing air-mail compensation backlog of national defense in the Civil Aero­ tation would cost 250 times that o:f the shall take into consideration whether or . nautics Act which set up the effective rna- ship• LXXXI:X:--24 ..... 370 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE JANUARY 25 Mr. NICHOLS. What kind of stuff was I recognize the promotional character­ should be left with the gentleman's com­ that? What commodity was involved? istfcs of aviation and its relation to na­ mittee is that you would have control of Mr. LEA. That was based on weight- tional defense as well as transportation. the rate structure. general cargo. / Twenty years ago when I wrote a report Mr. LEA. No. We were pointing out Mr. NICHOLS. What type of cargo? that was concurred in by some of my the similarities of regulation as applied Mr. LEA. General cargo of a ship. colleagues I recommended that we en­ to all of these agencies, and the control Understand this is heavy cargo. courage not only commercial aviation of rates in the legislation is one of them. Mr. MOTT. Is this in peacetime or and military aviation and the neces­ If for each transportation agency we wartime? sary ground force to keep them in good created a separate group in the legisla­ Mr. LEA. I was going to say that is repair but we also encourage the use tive body, we would be destroying unity based upon the present estimate of cost. of sporting planes and private planes of Jegislative control. My judgment is that the airplane as we so that we could make the American peo­ Mr. NICHOLS. All I wanted to do have it today and as we can reasonably ple more air-minded. In 1925 our com­ was to clear it up. The committee has expect to have it in the next 2 years can mittee recommended to the Congress no rate-fixing power. make a much better showing than· was tha't it be given complete jurisdiction Mr. STEFAN. Mr. Speaker, will the thus estimated. I mention this simply over the air spaces of the Nation in aid gentleman yield? to show the other side of the picture. of the solution of these problems. Mr. LEA. I yield to the gentleman We have had too much reckless, un­ I hope I am not boastful or not un­ from Nebraska. thinking appraisement of what is going warranted in what I say, but our com­ Mr. STEFAN. The gentleman, who is to occur in the future. mittee feel that we have done a useful chairman of the Committee on Inter­ [Here the gavel fell.] service to aviation and to this country. state and Foreign Commerce, has done Mr. LEA. Mr. Speaker, I ask unani­ We have been given a job and we have an unusual service to aviation. I have mous consent to proceed for 5 additional been faithful to it. We are ready to go followed the gentleman's reports on this minutes. ahead with that job. If I am right as subject for many years, and I wish to The SPEAKER pro tempore

Code (48 Stat. 980); to the Committee on By,Mr. HOLMES of Massachusetts: By Mr. GERLACH: the Judiciary. H. R. 1490. A bill to amend the Communi­ H. R.1495. A bill authorizing the natural­ By Mr. RAMSPECK: cat!.ons Act of 1934, as amended, and for ization of Fred Joseph Tobias; to the Com­ H. R. 1475. A bill to amend further the other purposes; to the Committee on Inter­ mittee on Immigration and Naturalization. Civil Service Retirement Act, approved May state and Foreign Commerce. · By Mr. COLE of New York: 29, 1930, as amended; to the Committee on By Mr. WOLCOTT: H. R. 1496. A bill granting an increase of the Civil Service. H. R.1491. A bill to amend th~ Emergency pension to Maryette Vannatta; to the Com­ By Mr. GERLACH: Price Control Act of 1942, and for other pur­ mittee on Invalid Pensions. H. R. 1476. A bill to remove the statutory poses; to the Committee on Banking and By Mr .. CHAPMAN: limitations governing the filing of suits on Currency. H. R.1497. A bill for the relief of Mrs. J. T, automatic insurance, yearly renewable term By Mr. HARE: Taulbee; to the Committee on Claims. insurance, or United State·s Government life H. R. 1492. A bill to amend the Social Se­ By Mr. JOHNSON of Ok!'ahoma: (converted) insurance; tb the Committee on cm·ity Act by providing special Federal aid to H. R. 1498. A bill for the relief of Charles World War Veterans' Legislation. certain States, and for other purposes; to W. Rucltman; to the Committee on Claims. H. R.1477. A bill to amend the World War the Committee on Ways and Means. By Mr. LECOMPTE: Veterans' Act, 1924, as amended, to provide By Mr. WOLVERTON: H. R. 1499. A bill granting a pension to H. continuation of insurance benefits under cer­ H. R.l493. A bill to suspend the authority Emma Streepy; to the Committee on In­ tain conditions to persons permanently and of the Securities and Exchange Commission valid Pensions. totally disab!ed, and for other purp~ses; to under section 14 (a) and section 14 (b) of the By Mr. PETERSON of Georgia: the Committee on World War Veterans' Securities Exchange Act to issue rules relat­ H. R. 1500. A bill for the relief of B. B. Legislation. ing to the solicitation of proxies, consents, Stevans; to the Committee on Claims. By Mr. BURDICK: and authorizations during the period of the H. R.1478. A bill to provide for the acquisi­ war emergency; to the Committee on Inter­ tion and preservation as a memorial to Theo­ state and Foreign Commerce. PETITIONS, ETC. dore Roosevelt of the Maltese Cross Ranch, By Mr. DIRKSEN: Under clause 1 of rule XXII, petitions Billings County, N. Dak.; to the Committee H. J. Res. 66. Joint resolution to establish the Join: Committee on Administrative Re­ and papers were laid on the Clerk's desk on the Public Lands. and referred as follows: By Mr. KEFAUVER: view; to the Committee on Rules. H. R.1479. A bill to provide that the heads By Mr. VOORHIS of California: 47. By Mr. HOCH: Resolution of the of the executive departments may occupy H. J. Res. 67. Joint resolution authorizing League of Cities of the Third Class in Penn­ seats on the floor of the Senate and House of the President of th .~ United States of America sylvania, Harrisburg, Pa., advocating the Representatives; to the Committee on the to proclaim the first day of each new year Ruml income-tax plan; to the Committee on Judiciary. as Good Neighbor Day for the purpose of Ways and Means. By Mr. FULMER: setting an example in neighborliness on the 48. By the SPE.t\....KER: Petition of Kurt Mertig, petitioning consideration of his peti­ H. R. 1480. A bill to establish and promote first day of the year, to serve as an inspira­ the use of standard methods of grading cot­ tion and as standard for all the days to fol­ tion with reference to countermand Presi­ tonseed, to provide for the collection and dis­ low-leading to bett-er relations at home, in dential Executive Order No. 9066, dated Feb­ ruary 19, 1942, regarding exercise by military semination of information on prices and all the Americas, and throughout the world; authorities of the power of removal of indi­ grades of cottonseed and cottonseed prod­ to the Committee on the Judiciary. vidual United States citizens from the east­ ucts, and for other purposes; to the Com­ By Mr. WEISS: H. J. Res. 68. Joint resolution to prevent ern military area without civilian review; mittee on Agriculture. to the Committee on the Judiciary. By Mr. McMILLAN: . pollution of streams by pulp and paper manu­ facturers; to the Committee on Rivers and 49. By Mr. ROLPH: Resolution of the Pile H. R. 1481. A bill to prohibit the issuance Drivers, Bridge, Wbarf and Dock Builders of alcoholic beverage licenses in certain Harbors. By Mr. VOORHIS of California: Union, Local No. 34, San Francisco, Calif., localities in the District of Columbia, to pro­ dated January 8, 1943, requesting increases hibit advertising the price of such beverage, H J. Res. 69 Joint resolution to establish the first week in October of each year as in old-age benefits; to the Committee on and for other purposes; to the Committee Ways and Means. on the District of Columbia. Nationa: Employ the Physically Handicapped Week; to the Committee on the Judiciary. By Mr. VANZANDT: By Mr. KEE: H. R. 1482. A bill to amend title II of the Social Secul"ity Act, as amended, to provide H. J. Res. 70. Joint resolution advising that for crediting service in the armed forces for the President immediately or without unciue HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES delay enter into agreement with the several certain purposes; to the Committee on Ways United Nations and other members of the and Means. TUESDAY, JANUARY 26, 1943 community of wvereign nations to secure By Mf. LANDIS: and maintain law, order, and peace among The House met at 12 o'clock noon, and H. R. 14.83. A bill to raquire the furnishing the covenanted nations; to the Committee on was called to order by the Speaker. of certain information by labor organizations Foreign Affairs. and to prohibit political contributions by By Mr. HOFFMAN: The Reverend Dr. Robert J. Slavin, labor organizations; to the Committee on H . Res. 78. Resolution to end practices of the Order of Preachers, professor of Labor. which are interfering with success of our philosophy, Catholic University, Wash­ By Mr. D'ALESANDRO: armed forces; to the Committee on Mili­ ington, D. C., offered the following H. R. 1484. A bill to regulate the election of tary Affairs. prayer: delegates representing the District of Colum­ By Mr. HARNESS of Indiana: bia to national political conventions; to the H. Res. 79. Rewlutlon creating a select com­ In the name of the Father, and of the Committee on the District of Columbia. mittee to investigate the circumstances sur­ ·Son, and of the Holy Ghost. By Mr. GREEN: rounding the bringing, under the antitrust 0 Lord Jesus Christ, who in Thy mercy H. R. 1485. A bill relating to the status of laws, of the action by the United States heareth the prayers of sinners, pour certain custodial employees in the Post Office against the Associated Press; to the Commit­ forth, we beseech Thee, all grace and Department; to the Committee on the Post tee on Rules. blessings upon our country and its citi­ Office and Post Roads. By Mr. COOLEY: By Mr. HOFFMAN: zens We pray in particular for the H. Res. 80. Resolution creating a select com­ President, for our Congress, for all who H. R. 1486. A bill to amend the Selective mittee to investigate the activities of the Training and Service Act of 1940 by provid­ Farm Security Administration; to the Com­ are suffering the hardships of war. Give ing a method whereby the services of those mittee on Rules. grace and strength to everyone in his interfering with war production may be made H. Res. 81. Resolution to provide for the own place to fight Thy battle. Give the available; to the Committee on Military Af­ light of wisdom to those in high station fairs. expenses of investigation authorized by House Resolution 80, a resolution creating a select that they may neither yield to fear nor H. R. 1487. A bill to lessen the number of strikes and to prevent violence in connection committee to investigate the activities of the be seduced by daring. Make them pru­ therewith; to the Committee on the Judici­ Farm Security Administration; to the Com­ dent as serpents and simple as doves. ary. mittee on Accounts. Be with all courageous servants of Thine By Mr. ROBINSON of Utah: whether in low station or in high; in­ H. R. 1488. A bill to provide a right-of-way PRIVATE BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS struct them from Thy divine heart how tor an oil pipe line over the Ogden Ordnance to act every hour of the day so as to Depot Military Reservation; to the Committee Under clause 1 of rule XXII, private preserve their own souls from evil and on Military Affairs. bills and resolutions were introduced and By Mr. WEISS: to protect the welfare of this country. . Ii. R. 1489. A bill to regulate· the selling severally referred as follows: To our ·rulers and leaders upon the p11ce of candy, cigarettes, and other com­ By Mr. GRANT of Alabama: earth Thou, 0 Lord, has given a share modities to the members of the armed forces; H. R. 1494. A bill for the relief of H. L. of Thy power in order that we, recogniz­ to ~~e Committee on Military Affairs_. _ Jones; to the Committee on Claims, ing the glory and honor given them by