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NYTT OM RUNER Meldingsblad Om Runeforskning

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NYTT OM RUNER Meldingsblad om runeforskning Nr. 18 2003 (publ. 2005) ISSN 0801-3756 Nytt om runer: Meldingsblad om runeforskning Nr. 18 (2003, publ. 2005) INNHOLD Nytt om runer, attende årgang . 3 Arbejdet ved Runologisk Laboratorium, København . 4 Die Runenarbeit am Seminar für deutsche Philologie (ehemals Arbeitsstelle: Germanische Altertumskunde), Göttingen . 11 Arbeidet ved Runearkivet, Oslo . 17 New Runic Find from Kałdus, Poland . 18 Verksamheten vid Runverket i Stockholm . 20 Nytt runfynd från Öland . 26 15:e internationella runologmötet, kalmarsundsområdet (Kalmar, Öland, Blekinge) 3–6 maj 2002 . 28 Runesten, Magt og Mindesmærker . 29 Dictionary of Proper Names in Scandinavian Viking Age Runic Inscriptions . 30 Dictionary of Proto-Nordic Personal Names . 31 Home page for Nytt om Runer . 32 Runic Bibliography for 2002 . 35 Supplements to the Runic Bibliographies for 2000 and 2001 . 51 Addresses of Centres for Runic Research . 55 Nytt om runer: Meldingsblad om runeforskning ISSN: 0801-3756 www.khm.uio.no/runenews Redaktør/Editor: James E. Knirk Medredaktører/ Michael Lerche Nielsen, K. Co-editors: Jonas Nordby, Henrik Williams Adresse/Address: Nytt om runer, c/o Runearkivet Kulturhistorisk museum, UiO bk l l 3 Nytt om runer, attende årgang Med dette foreligger den attende årgangen av Nytt om runer, to år for- sinket. Redaksjonen beklager forsinkelsen, som heller ikke denne gangen har vært til å unngå. Bl.a. kom de siste rapportene om runologiske ny- funn i 2002 til redaksjonen først i november/desember 2005. Redaktøren har fortsatt hatt mye å ta igjen i sitt øvrige arbeid i Rune- arkivet etter et avbrudd med tre års ordboksarbeid i København 2000– 2003. Imidlertid vil tidsskriftet bli prioritert høyt framover, og arbeidet med å få inn og redigere artikler vil bli intensivert. Nytt om runer 19 for 2004 planlegges publisert våren 2006, og årgang 20 for 2005 bør kunne trykkes samme høst. Dersom dette lykkes, vil tidsskriftet være nesten à jour i 2006. Siden redaktøren har fått innvilget forskningspermisjon i ett år fra oktober 2006, vil årgang 21 for 2006 nødvendigvis bli forsinket og ikke komme ut før en gang i 2007. En del av det redaksjonelle arbeidet med Nytt om runer har i år vært konsentrert om 5-årsbibliografien for 1995–1999. Dette er den første 5- årsbibliografien som blir tilgjengelig på Internett, men foreløpig dess- verre uten indekser, slik at søkemulighetene vil være begrenset. Det har ellers vært arbeidet mye med tidsskriftets internettsider. Det er hoved- sakelig meddelelser av interesse for runeforskere – spesielt omtalen av konferanser og opplysninger om nettressurser (runefonter, databaser, ord- bøker, internettpublikasjoner osv.) – som er blitt utvidet og omorganisert. Se ellers artikkelen om tidsskriftets hjemmeside på s. 32–34. Redaktøren ønsker i framtida å legge ut noen allmenne opplysninger om runer og runeinnskrifter på tidsskriftets internettsider slik at folk som tilfeldigvis kommer inn på sidene, vil kunne få en kort innføring i fag- området. Illustrasjonen på omslaget i år er spillebrikken fra Kałdus i Polen (se Michael Lerche Nielsens presentasjon på s. 18–19). Tegningen er laget av den polske arkeologen Wojciech Chudziak. Innskriften lyder: Jón á tafl, “Jon eier spillebrikken/spillet”. Redaktøren Nytt om runer 18 (2003, publ. 2005) 4 Arbejdet ved Runologisk Laboratorium, København Nyfund fra Danmark 2002 NYDAM SVÆRDSKEDEBESLAG/REMBØJLE Indskriften )harkilaR·ahti på den ene af de to spidser på sværdskede- beslaget af bronze fra de arkæologiske undersøgelser i Nydam Engmose, Sundeved, blev opdaget allerede i 1995 (se Nytt om runer 11 for 1996 (1997), 4f.); men i forbindelse med klargøringen til udstillingen “Sejrens Triumf” opdagede konservator Eva Salomonsen i 2002, at der også var svage runespor på den anden spids (Nationalmuseet NV 217x7311). Ind- skriften er kortere end den anden, men begynder på samme måde efter en lille indpunslet “sol” i omtrent samme afstand (7–8 mm) fra det for- højede midterstykke. I begge tilfælde skal runerne læses fra højre mod venstre, så den nye indskrift står på hovedet i forhold til den gamle. Den måler 12 mm fra første til sidste hovedstav, runernes højde aftager fra ca. 8 til 5 mm, og det er tydeligvis kun sekundære ridser og revner, der findes efter de fem runer. Skønt kun den nederste bistav kan påvises, må rune 5 snarest opfattes som en a-rune, og indskriften læses anul£a. Anula kan være et urnordisk mandsnavn, dannet med et velkendt diminutivs- suffiks -l-, og beslægtet med angelsaksisk Onela, gotisk Anala. Efter runeformerne at dømme er det mest sandsynligt, at hele ind- skriften er lavet på en gang; men læsefølgen er usikker: )harkilaR·ahti / anul£a eller anul£a / )harkilaR·ahti. Indskriften indeholder to mandsnavne, teoretisk set kunne ahti opfattes som en datidsform af ‘eje’, hvis Anula er et ejer- eller risternavn, og )harkilaR kunne i så fald være en tidligere ejer. Men denne tolkning af ahti må stadig anses for problematisk; et Nytt om runer 18 (2003, publ. 2005) Arbejdet ved Runologisk Laboratorium, København 5 forslag om at det skulle være et (finsk) mandsnavn forekommer ikke overbevisende. S ORTE MULD HJORTETAKSFRAGMENT Et smukt forarbejdet brudstykke af hjortetak med ældre runer fra Sorte Muld, Ibsker Sogn, Bornholm, er fundet ved rekognoscering med metal- detektor (Bornholms Museum 1191x1580, Nationalmuseet C 35315). I området, som navnlig er kendt på grund af de mange guldgubber, er der gjort fund fra ældre romersk jernalder til vikingetid. Fragmentet er knapt 4 cm langt og afsluttet med en smuk udskæring i den tykkeste ende. Det er tresidet, men i tværsnit nærmest halvcirkelformet, hvor det er højest måler det ca. 7 mm. Den ubehandlede underside er bredere end de to, ca. 10 mm høje, glatte, svagt buede runesider, der mødes i toppen. Stykket er brækket tværs over – midt i en rune på både A- og B-siden – og brud- det ser ud til at være gammelt. Runehøjden er ca. 10 mm og runerne er omhyggeligt udført med to- til firestregede hoved- og bistave, mange af bistavene er omhyggeligt lukket med en skråstreg yderst. De flerstregede, velbevarede runer, som vender toppene op mod hin- anden, læses fra højre mod venstre. På B-siden følger brudkanten foroven øjensynlig en bistav, af snarest en f-rune. Det er usikkert, men sandsyn- ligt, at indskriften begynder på den side, jeg har kaldt A, og slutter med den lidt “klemte” sidste R-rune på B-siden. A: balikaar?― B: ―!fulaRþewaR Tegning: Lisbeth Imer. Sorte Muld-fragmentet i sig selv ligner slående Lindholmen-amulet- ten fra Skåne, de venstrevendte indskrifter er rune-typologisk meget nært beslægtede og fælles om den sene, stavsatte variant af k-runen med en ret lang hovedstav og e-runen med vinkelbøjet forbindelseslinje. De fler- stregede runer ligner umiddelbart også f.eks. runerne fra Kragehul og indridsningerne på Nydam skaft 2 og 3 (se Arkæologiske Udgravninger i Danmark 1999 (2000), 285f.) samt det norske Ødemotland-fund (af tak). Nytt om runer 18 (2003, publ. 2005) 6 Arbejdet ved Runologisk Laboratorium, København Desværre er tolkningen og den syntaktiske sammenhæng helt usikker. En opdeling som både balika ar?― / ―!fulaRþewaR og ―!fulaRþewaR / balika ar?― er mulig. Kun þewaR er kendt i forvejen som en stillings- betegnelse, beslægtet med gotisk þius, ‘(ufri) tjener’, og som navneled, jf. kontinentale, germanske navneformer som Eggideo, Hamadeo og myto- logiske oldnordiske navne som Eggþér, Hamþér; men ―!fulaR (nomina- tiv) er snarest navnet (eller tilnavnet) på en þewaR. Det kan knyttes til både ‘ful’, ‘fuld’ og ‘føl’ – en af vikingetidsrunestenene fra Århus (DR 66) er rejst efter ful. Også balika kan tolkes som et mandsnavn i nomi- nativ, et diminutiv på -ika, til en rod *bal- med flere muligheder for til- knytning til kendt ordstof. Det kan være subjekt for et følgende verbum ar?―. DUESMINDE REMENDEBESLAG/FIBULA Dette remendebeslag er af frankisk oprindelse, af massivt sølv, ca. 7 × 3,4 cm, med bladornamentik og spor af forgyldning og niello (Lolland- Falsters Stiftsmuseum 75x27; Nationalmuseet J.nr. 8265/02). Det hører til et rigt sølv-skattefund (det fjerde fra Duesminde) i Vejleby Sogn, Lol- land. Det består af 50 enkeltdele, overvejende frankiske rem- og bælte- garniturer fra midten af 800-tallet samt enkelte nordiske stykker. Ifølge arkæologen Henrik Schilling er fundet nedlagt ca. 900–925. Remende- beslaget er blevet genbrugt som fibula og forsynet med en nu forsvunden jernnål, som har efterladt rustspor på bagsiden. Under rensningen op- dagede konservator Eva Salomonsen de ganske svage runespor, der er indridset med et spidst redskab, før nåleholderbeslagene blev sat på fib- len; efter slidspor at dømme har den været i brug en tid. Læsningen var vanskelig, dels på grund af rustsporene, dels på grund af en række kraftige ridser – som efter en fil – hen over runerne. Runehøjden er vanskelig at be- stemme, den første rune målte jeg først til 13 mm, men efter den sidste afrensning til 17 mm. f―ąrkhaiastbm!lr Nytt om runer 18 (2003, publ. 2005) Arbejdet ved Runologisk Laboratorium, København 7 k-runen må betegnes som noget usikker, hovedstavens forløb kan ikke fastlægges. Der er ingen tvivl om, at dette er en noget fejlfuld, ret tidlig version af vikingetidens 16-tegns-futhark, fuþąrkhniastbmlR. Rune 2 og 3 og bi- staven på rune 15 l er blevet skjult, da holderne til nålen blev sat på. De højtsiddende bistave på ą-runen (og m-runens form) minder om de fu- tharker, vi kender fra Gørlevstenen 1 og Maltstenen. Det er bemærkelses- værdigt, at sidste rune er stuprune-r istedet for R. HIMMELEV BLYPLADE Det lille blystykke (Roskilde Museum 1684, Nationalmuseet D 120/2002) – et detektorfund – er fra Veddelevgård, Himmelev Sogn, tæt ved Ros- kilde; det er ca. 3 cm langt, 8–15 mm bredt, 2–5 mm tykt. Runerne findes på den ene af de to brede sider og på den tykkeste af kantfladerne. Begge indskrifterne er ca. 2,6 cm lange og næppe fragmenter af en længere indskrift.
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    Kössinger · Krotz · Müller · Rychterová · (Hg.) Anfangsgeschichten Origin Stories MITTELALTER STUDIEN des Instituts zur Interdisziplinären Erforschung des Mittelalters und seines Nachwirkens, Paderborn Herausgegeben von JÖRG JARNUT , STEPHAN MÜLLER UND MATTHIAS WEMHOFF Band 31 Paderborn 2018 Anfangsgeschichten Origin Stories Der Beginn volkssprachiger Schriftlichkeit in komparatistischer Perspektive The Rise of Vernacular Literacy in a Comparative Perspective Herausgegeben von Norbert Kössinger, Elke Krotz, Stephan Müller und Pavlína Rychterová Wilhelm Fink The research and publication leading to the present volume has received funding from the European Research council under the European Community’s seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013) / ERC grant Agreement No. 263672 and from the University of Vienna. Umschlagabbildung: Marx Anton Hannas, Der Turm zu Babel (17. Jh.) Bibliografische Information der Deutschen Nationalbibliothek Die Deutsche Nationalbibliothek verzeichnet diese Publikation in der Deutschen Nationalbibliografie; detaillierte bibliografische Daten sind im Internet über http://dnb.d-nb.de abrufbar. Alle Rechte vorbehalten. Dieses Werk sowie einzelne Teile desselben sind urheberrechtlich geschützt. Jede Verwertung in anderen als den gesetzlich zugelassenen Fällen ist ohne vorherige schriftliche Zustimmung des Verlags nicht zulässig. © 2018 Wilhelm Fink Verlag, ein Imprint der Brill Gruppe (Koninklijke Brill NV, Leiden, Niederlande; Brill USA Inc., Boston MA, USA; Brill Asia Pte Ltd, Singapore; Brill Deutschland GmbH, Paderborn, Deutschland) Internet: www.fink.de Einbandgestaltung: Evelyn Ziegler, München Herstellung: Brill Deutschland GmbH, Paderborn E-Book ISBN 978-3-8467-6346-9 ISBN der Printausgabe 978-3-7705-6346-3 Inhalt Introduction/Einleitung . 7 Wolfgang Haubrichs Pragmatic and Cultural Conditions of Vernacular Literacy in Carolingian Times . 11 Carolina Cupane Volkssprache und Volksliteratur in Byzanz . 39 Lars Boje Mortensen Latin as Vernacular .
  • ORAL TRADITION 19.1- Complete Issue

    ORAL TRADITION 19.1- Complete Issue

    _____________________________________________________________ Volume 19 March 2004 Number 1 _____________________________________________________________ Editor Managing Editor John Miles Foley Heather Maring Associate Editor Editorial Assistants John Zemke Andrew Porter Slavica Publishers, Inc. For a complete catalog of books from Slavica, with prices and ordering information, write to: Slavica Publishers, Inc. Indiana University 2611 E. 10th St. Bloomington, IN 47408-2603 ISSN: 0883-5365 Each contribution copyright 2004 by its author. All rights reserved. The editor and the publisher assume no responsibility for statements of fact or opinion by the authors. Oral Tradition seeks to provide a comparative and interdisciplinary focus for studies in oral literature and related fields by publishing research and scholarship on the creation, transmission, and interpretation of all forms of oral traditional expression. As well as essays treating certifiably oral traditions, OT presents investigations of the relationships between oral and written traditions, as well as brief accounts of important fieldwork, a Symposium section (in which scholars may reply at some length to prior essays), review articles, occasional transcriptions and translations of oral texts, a digest of work in progress, and a regular column for notices of conferences and other matters of interest. In addition, occasional issues will include an ongoing annotated bibliography of relevant research and the annual Albert Lord and Milman Parry Lectures on Oral Tradition. OT welcomes contributions on all oral literatures, on all literatures directly influenced by oral traditions, and on non-literary oral traditions. Submissions must follow the list-of reference format (style sheet available on request) and must be accompanied by a stamped, self-addressed envelope for return or for mailing of proofs; all quotations of primary materials must be made in the original language(s) with following English translations.
  • Runestone Images and Visual Communication in Viking Age Scandinavia

    Runestone Images and Visual Communication in Viking Age Scandinavia

    Stern, Marjolein (2013) Runestone images and visual communication in Viking Age Scandinavia. PhD thesis, University of Nottingham. Access from the University of Nottingham repository: http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/14291/1/M_Stern_Thesis_without_images_new.pdf Copyright and reuse: The Nottingham ePrints service makes this work by researchers of the University of Nottingham available open access under the following conditions. This article is made available under the University of Nottingham End User licence and may be reused according to the conditions of the licence. For more details see: http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/end_user_agreement.pdf For more information, please contact [email protected] RUNESTONE IMAGES AND VISUAL COMMUNICATION IN VIKING AGE SCANDINAVIA MARJOLEIN STERN, MA Thesis submitted to the University of Nottingham for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy JULY 2013 Abstract The aim of this thesis is the visual analysis of the corpus of Viking Age Scandinavian memorial stones that are decorated with figural images. The thesis presents an overview of the different kinds of images and their interpretations. The analysis of the visual relationships between the images, ornamentation, crosses, and runic inscriptions identifies some tendencies in the visual hierarchy between these different design elements. The contents of the inscriptions on runestones with images are also analysed in relation to the type of image and compared to runestone inscriptions in general. The main outcome of this analysis is that there is a correlation between the occurrence of optional elements in the inscription and figural images in the decoration, but that only rarely is a particular type of image connected to specific inscription elements.
  • Historical Dictionary of the Vikings

    Historical Dictionary of the Vikings

    112722 pb cover 11/7/03 3:48 PM Page 1 Holman History • Ancient • General Historical Dictionaries of Ancient Civilizations and Historical Eras, No. 11 Rarely has an era evoked the same sense of adventure as the Viking age. For more than three centuries, small but intrepid bands of Scandinavians used Historical longships to launch lightning raids on their European neighbors to colonize new lands in the east and west and exchange furs for wine, spices, and silver. Dictionary Historical Significant changes also occurred at home, as the local kings extended their power, Norse paganism lost ground to Christianity, and new towns and ports Dictionary thrived as a result of increased contact with the world. And this new world was amazingly vast, stretching over the British Isles, much of continental Europe, into the far reaches of Russia and the Middle East, and to an undetermined extent, even North America. of the There were so many expeditions, under so many leaders, to so many places, and for so many purposes that it is difficult to track events. Moreover, much of the information is shrouded in mystery because few archaeological remains Vikings and even fewer written documents corroborate the sagas. This Historical Dictionary of the Vikings helps fill the void by providing information on major historical figures, important battles and treaties, key works, and archae- ological finds. This dictionary not only presents the big picture, but also examines the everday aspects of how people lived and worked. A chronology, detailed and annotated bibliographies for different themes and geographical locations, and an introduction discussing the major events and developments of the Viking age are also included.