The NAT ION A L HORTICUL TURAL MAGAZINE

OCTOBER -- - 1929 The American Horticultural Society A Union of The National Horticultural Society and The American Horticultural Society, at Washington, D. C. Devoted to the popularizing of all phases of Horticulture: Ornamental Gardening, including Landscape Gardening and Amateur Flower Gardening; Professional Flower Gardening and Floriculture; Vegetable Gardening; Fruit Growing and all activities allied with Horticulture.

PRESENT ROLL OF OFFICERS AND DIRECTORS March 1, 1929 OFFICERS President, F. L. Atkins, Rutherford, N. J. First Vice-President, F. L. Mulford, 2400 Tunlaw Road, Washington, D. C. Second Vice-President, Mrs. Francis King, Alma, Mich. Secretary, D. Victor Lumsden, 1629 Columbia Road, Washington, D. C. Treasurer, Otto Bauer, 1216 H Street N. W., Washington, D. C.

DIRECTORS TERMS EXPIRING IN 1930 Miss Mary McD. Beirne, Ashland, Va. Mrs. Mortimer Fox, Peekskill, N. Y. Dr. Harrison Howe, Washington, D. C. Prof. A. P. Saunders, Clinton, N. Y. J. C. Wister, Germantown, Philadelphia, Pa.

TERMS EXPIRING IN 1931 Miss Isabel B. Busbee, Raleigh, N. C. Frank W. Campbell, Detroit, Mich. Mrs. L. H. Fowler, Washington, D. C. Fairman R. Furness, Media, Pa. J. Marion Shull, Chevy Chase, Md.

AFFILIATED SOCIETIES GEORGIA STATE HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. G. H. Firor, Secretary, Athens, Ga. ALBEMARLE GARDEN CLUB. Mrs. Allen Perkins, President, Middlebrook Hills, University, Va. ALEXANDRIA, VA., GARDEN CLUB. Care of Miss Mary Lindsey, President, Braddock, Alexandria, Va. GALESBURG HORTICULTURAL AND IMPROVEMENT SOCIETY. C. Z. Nelson, Secretary, 534 Hawkinson Avenue, Galesburg, Ill. GARDEN CLUB OF SOMERSET HILLS, N. J. Care of Mrs. Marshall Sandford, Far Hills, N. J. GEORGETOWN GARDEN CLUB. Mrs. J. B. Gordon, 2917 Q Street N. W., Washington, D. C. ST. LOUIS HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. 821 Central National Bank Building, St. Louis, Mo.

Entered as second-class matter March 22, 1927, at the Post Office at Washington, D. C., under the Act of August 24, 1912. Oct., 1929 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE 149 BOBBINK & ATKINS

ASK FOR VISIT CATALOG NURSERY .:I-

ROSES-Autumn Planting Several hundred thousand field-grown plants, in several hundred varieties, are now ready to ship. These incl ude new and rare H ybrid Teas, Teas, Hybrid Perpetuals, an extensive list of Climbing Roses, and Roses for a ll parts of the country. Our specia l folder, "ROSES,-Autumn Planting" presents many of t hese varieties and gives useful information for Rose-growers. A copy wi ll be mailed on request to those who intend to plant Roses.

LILACS- AUTUMN PLANTING EVERGREENS FOR AUTUMN These popular spring- fl owering shrubs will For plantings of a ny magnitude we can thrive in a lmost any location. Nearl y 200 supply Junipers, Spruce, J apanese Yew, van etles a re in our nurseries. If you intend Thuya in vari ety, grafted Blue Spruce (Kos­ to plant Lilacs this fall, please ask for our ter a nd Moerheimi varieties). Ask for spe­ specia l list. cia l evergreen. catalogue. OLD-FASHIONED FLOWERS Ne~ old-fashioned flo wers for perennial gardens, rock gardens, ground covers, woodland plantings, dry soils and moist places. Ask for our catalogue, "Hardy Herbaceous Plants," if you intend to plant old-fashioned flo wers.

CLIMBING VINES AND CREEPERS OUR SPECIALTIES Polygonum, Ampelopsis, Honeysuckle, Eu­ Deciduous a nd Evergreen Azaleas, Kalmias, onymus, Bignonia, Aristolochia, \Visteria, Chinese Magnolias, Kolkwitzia, Cotoneaster, Ivy, Sil ver Lace Vine, a nd many others are Viburnum carl esi, new Barberries a nd popu­ described a nd priced in our special folder. lar F rench H ydrangeas in blue, pink a nd whi te.

In your request for catalogues it is important to state definitely what you intend to plant. We issue several catalogues. BOBBINK & ATKINS Nurserymen and Florists Rutherford, New Jersey N icltael Carron [See pa(Je 176J D?"yopte?"is novaboracensis The National Horticultural Magazine B. Y. MORRISON, Editor SHERMAN R. DUFFY, BERNARD H. LANE, J. MARION SHULL, HAMIJ:.TON TRAUB, Contributing Editors

Vol. 8 Copyright, 1929, by THE AMERICAN HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY No.4

OCTOBER, 1929.

Iris for the Garden Pageant. By THURA TRUAX HIRES 152 '~T ords ...... 158 A Shopper's Guide 160 A Book or Two 162 The Gardener's Pocketbook Primroses ...... 166 A New Pyxie Flower ...... 167 Neglected Natives : Sabaiia ang~,laris 168 The Showy Lily 168 Narcissus Notes, 1929 . 170 Ins reticulata 170 Broad-leaved Evergreens 171 Pink Deutzia 172 Goldband Lily 173 Crab Grass in Lawns 173 Cotoneaster hebephylla 174 RhododendTon nudifloTU1n 176 Deutzia scabra candidissima 176 Dryopteris novaboracensis 176 H eZenium autumnale 178 Narcissus, Medusa 178 S tembergia lutea . 179 Lilium speciosum 180 Lilium centifoli~Lm 180 Plant Wants 184

For most of us has come the subtle turn in t he season t hat, in spite of warm and sunny days, gives the unmistakable warning of impending frosts. Even the insects mark the change and the lazy crickets and katydids crawl slowly out into the midday sunlight to warm themselves from the too ('hill shelters of the ni ~ht before. In spite of the regrets that rise in the active garden­ er's mind, this is a jolly time of year with its moment of pause, of precarious delay at the door of winter. And if, as this year, for many of us, the season has come to its close with drought, so that all the woody things have ripened well , we need have no fear of winter killing. Berries may be smaller hut they are redder, leaves less lu)(uriant but turning more gaily. The fall-flo\\'el ing bulbs peer through a little more slowly and last a little longer; the spring-flowering bulbs to be planted go in with less delay because the ground is still mell ow and fairly warm. And meantime, everywhere the pressing forces of life go on, preparing for another fl owering.

Published quarterly by The American Horticultural Society, Washington, D. C. Editorial Office, 116 Chestnut Street, Takoma Park, D . C. Contributions from a ll members are cordiall y invited and should be sent to the above address. Advertising Manager, Margaret C. Lancaster, 6615 Harlan Place , Takoma Park, D. C. A Bubscription to the magazine is included in the annual dues of all members; to non-members the price is seventy­ five cents the copy, three dollars the year. 152 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE Oct., 1929

Iris for the Garden Pageant

By THURA TRUAX HIRES There have been so many new irises seen Souv. de Mme. Gaudichau so dif­ introduced during the past few years ferent in color from what it is in East­ it is impossible for anyone person to ern gardens I feared this seedling might be familiar with them all even though be unkind and not give me the loveli­ the greater part of the iris season is ness it was showing in the West. But spent in visiting the gardens of breed­ happily it has retained the same color­ ers and introducers. At best all we ing in my garden and has been one of can do is to see all we can and then the most admired varieties during the trust to the information we have from past two years. Several visitors to other enthusiasts for the rest. Most Ithaca at the time of the annual meet­ naturally each season finds some new ing of the American Iris Society have introductions of such outstanding merit since written that it was one of the that the news of their beauty and grace outstanding novelties in Col. Nichols' travels very rapidly from coast to coast garden. and soon, in the discussion that arises The blends seem to be an acquired regarding their merit, sight is lost of taste. Few beginners in iris growing many others among the nmv introduc­ care for them, preferring the clear tones tions that will prove of equal garden of the selfs . But the blends are among value and possibly have greater charm the most useful garden material bring­ in the garden picture when grown in ing otherwise clashing varieties into the mass. For example, Miss Sturte­ a subtle harmony for a desired effect. vant's Cameo, although introduced Mme. Durrande, Quaker Lady, Steep­ five years ago is still not generally way, Ochracea, and Afterglow have grown though it is one of the most long been favorites in our gardens and lovely garden iris. When planted with now Mr. Williamson is giving us a the soft blues or pale yellows, its tones series of blends of beautiful coloring of pink and cream blending into soft and wonderful texture. Dolly Madi­ apricot give a picture long to be re­ son, the first to be introduced, is al­ membered. I have found it very ready quite famous. It is an exqui­ lovely with Mr. Mead's Iriscrest, the sitely beautiful iris of lilac, yellow and latter a nice blue having just a touch mauve tones, well branched and with of pink in its falls. Day Dream, a the substance of a magnolia bloom. pink blended bicolor, is another of If for nothing but this substance, this Miss Sturtevant's very fine varieties race of blends would be famous, as too little known. Tall growing, with many of the older ones did not hold blooms uncrowded, it is a very stately so well in the hot sun. Sonata, intro­ iris and gives lovely garden effects duced this year, and Opaline, to join when combined with other irises or the ranks of 1930 debutantes, are with some of the pastel colored aquileg­ others of this line, both light-toned las. blends of rare charm. Opaline is some­ Another pink-toned blend, introduced what after the coloring of Allure, Mr. last year, is Midgard. This seedling Murrell's lovely introduction, but was was raised by Mr. H. P. Sass and taller as I have seen them and with is one of his best introductions. When the heavier substance. I, for one, I saw it first among the unnamed seed­ want both. I have planted Sonata lings in his garden at Omaha it seemed and Rhea, another Williamson blend to have the wonderful coloring of some a little darker than 11>oline, with a very of the western sunsets but having just pale blue seedling from the same gar- Oct., 1929 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE 153 den, hoping that when they bloom they violet with a copper sheen, it reminds will prove as enchanting as when we one of those rich Lyons silks that glow combined them in the garden at Bluff­ from the woven metallic gold threads, ton. This blue is of very soft color and planted with Corrida and Yellow with tints of green and I think is the Moon, gave a splendid effect. one that Mr. Williamson has named Within the past two or three years Azurine. With Opaline, I am using there have been many additions to the Miss Sturtevant's pale yellow, Yellow white irises, but for mass planting Moon, and Mr. H. P. Sass' Tro­ White Knight, White Queen and La stringer, a lovely pink-toned white. N eige still hold their places among the Ophelia, introduced several years lower-growing varieties. Mrs. Emig­ ago by M. Cayeux, is another light holz's Zada is one of the best all round blend all gardeners want. It has whites for garden effect as it is a relia­ blooms of bronze and mauve on a ble bloomer, fast increaser, and holds cream ground with a golden orange well through sun or rain. Col. Nichols beard that gives a wonderful glow and has given us very pure whites in White seems to intensify the subtle coloring and Gold and White Star. Both are in a soft light. Quite similar were taller than those mentioned, White and some of the Sass gold blends, but Old Gold having rather open standards Gold, the only one of these so far intro­ while those of White Star are domed. duced, is much more golden yellow. Mr. Morrison's Sophronia is a gem and This, together with Mr. Mitchell's when more widely distributed will rank Valencia, Mr. Williamson's Tuscany among the favorites. It is quite simi­ Gold and Vesper Gold, and Mr. An­ lar to Kashmir White though a better drew's Amerind, have given us lovely grower in many sections and with dull gold blends. Amerind is at its blooms of very heavy substance. Miss best on a dull day, too bright a sun Sturtevant's Snow White is one of the dimming its color. Mr. Andrew's best for mass planting, being quite tall Candlelight is a paler blend of Caterina with rather slender stalks that give a form and is very lovely when planted most graceful effect in the garden. with pale yellows and light lavenders. Among the earlier blooming whites Mr. Mother of Pearl is' too well known to H. P. Sass' Autumn Queen and albicans warrant description, but do try it in are always reliable. A well grown partial shade. By chance I planted plant of albicans is very lovely, espe­ it near a young plum tree, where it cially in combination with some of the is away from the direct light of the tulips and early phlox .. sun and in this subdued light it seems Micheline Charraire is one of the to have added new beauty to its irides­ tallest whites, but, alas, it is quite cence. Of the dark blends Alcazar "miffy" in certain climates and is not and Ambassadeur remain unsurpassed for the gardener who likes to stick a for garden effect. Miss Sturtevant's rhizome in the ground and leave the Glowing Embers, Mr. Shull's Copper­ rest to the kind ministration of the smith and Morning Splendor, and Mrs. gods of little irises. Valerie West, Grace Sturtevant and From some sections comes the rumor Romola, Mr. Bliss' latest addition to that Mr. Mitchell's lovely Purissima the Dominions are all rich, darker also requires special attention, but if blends that add great beauty to the this be true do by all means learn what garden planting. But use these rather its needs may be as it is the finest as small groups for accent and not as white we have. Indeed, an English a mass planting as one is likely to do friend whose opinion I value highly, with the lighter colored varieties. M. writes me it is the finest iris he has Cayeux has given us a very lovely va­ seen. So far it has grown well in my riety in the new Labor of an entirely garden with no special care, but I in­ different coloring. Of purple and red tend taking no chances for lack of 154 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE Oct., 1929 attention. On the other hand Shasta, And now we are looking to Mr. Mor­ of different parentage, is reported as rison for plicatas having yellow style quite hardy wherever it has been tried. branches and white petals. Already It is very tall, of a pure white with he has several fine seedlings and it is large flowers having drooping falls. possible some will be introduced within It is truly a magnificent iris, one stalk the next year or two. given me bloomed for nearly three Mr. Jacob Sass has given us most weeks. Though it blooms late in unusual plicatas of indescribable beauty California, here it is among the earliest in King Karl, Lona, Jubilee, Aksarben, of the tall bearded iris. Possibly that and , Midwest. These are well known was owing to our unusual season and to all iris growers, but last season he another year may find it later. Michel­ added other color combinations to this ine Charraire was in bloom at the same race in the new Matilda, a blue plicata, time and it was quite interesting to Nehawka, of dark blue markings, Si­ compare them. The latter has rather rene (named to be changed), a deli­ narrow falls held horizontallv while cately etched pink on clear white petals Shasta's are of better form, bemg wider and Mrs. A. S. Hoyt, a variety receiv­ but drooping. Both were of the same ing an Honorable Mention two years height, and I finally decided that I must ago at the Omaha show. Loudoun, keep the French variety though pre­ Mr. Fendall's lovely white and amber ferring Shasta. Mrs. Robert Emmet plicata, is one of the taller ones and is and Mrs. Perry are other valuable very lovely when planted wit.h some whites for the garden picture though of the lighter toned blends. Severa1 personally I do not care so much for years ago Mr. Mitchell gave us Los the blue-toned white, the color not Angeles and San Francisco, very dis­ carrying so well but giving a dingy tinct advances in this section. Both appearance. Mrs. Emmet is widely are tall with nicely branched stalks, branched and has blooms of good sub­ the blooms of fine substance, form and stance. Cygnet is one of the best carriage. I prefer Los Angeles, which garden whites, being tall with cream is not. so heavily marked, being like a white blooms. Perfectly hardy and a glorified Fairy and from a distance reliable bloomer, it is always in de­ giving the effect of a clear white. This mand. All the iris world surely owes year Sacramento has been added to this Miss Stutevant a vote of thanks for series, differing from San Francisco in the wealth of fine garden iris she has that its petals are etched with red-purple produced. where the other is of clear lavender. From the consideration of the whites Entirely different is Mr. Essig's Stip­ it is but a step to the plicatas, many ples, a plicata of airy grace and dis­ of them from a distance giving the ap­ tinct marking. The blooms are of pearance of pure whites. Though long rather than rounded form, the there is not such a wealth of names in falls flaring nicely, both standards and this section as we find in the lavenders, falls being evenly marked blue laven­ we have just as fine material for our der. A well established clump here garden pictures. Miss Sturtevant has has given stalks nearly forty inches tall, given us two beauties in True Charm while reports from California give it and Delight, the former having its not over thirty inches. The stalks are petals delicately marked with soft slender but hold well the nicely placed lavender, while the latter owes its blooms. It is one of those irises that charm to the soft rose coloring of the would be easily recognized in a large style branches, the petals being a pure planting and is one of the first to catch white. Together with the older Fairy, the eager eye of every garden visitor. having blue-toned style branches, they All Irisdom is looking for the perfect form a trio that are indispensable in ty­ yellow which still seems as elusive as ing together pinks and yellows and blues. the pot of gold at the end of the rain- Oct., 1929 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE 155

bow. Two yeal:s ago W. R. Dykes was the blooms being well carried on nice hailed as the last word in the yellows, stems. Yellow Moon, Primrose, Chal­ but it has proven quite disappointing ice, Gold Imperial, Inner Glow, flutter­ in the gardens on this side of the water. by, Carcanet and Flambeau, largesse It is large with drooping falls and well from Miss Sturtevant, give us a com­ domed standards. Of a medium yellow plete range from creamy yellow to deep coloring, it would doubtless be the best chrome. And how these yellows are of this color were it not for the fact needed to bring out the colorings in that the falls are streaked. Then, too, the lavenders and pinks. In so many it is proving to be one of the "miffy" of the gardens visited in recent years growers, not only in this country but in there seemed to be such a lack of this its homeland. Last year M. Cayeux color, though white was used generally. introduced Pluie D'Or and this is now Nymph, Mr. H. P. Sass' new yellow being hailed as ~ decided advance in intermediate, is probably the most val­ yellows. This year we have Miss uable addition of recent introduction, Sturtevant's Sunlight, an iris of the as it blooms over a long season at a type of Caterina but not of the desired time when we have no really good yel­ depth of yellow) and Mr. Mitchell has lows among the irises. Coming as it given us Mirasol, of bright yellow color­ does with the intermediates, it con­ ing. Both will undoubtedly be favor­ tinues in bloom well past the height ites when better known. And now we of the tall bearded iris season and as are to have Desert Gold, raised by it is of a clear pure yellow with stalks Chancellor Kirkland. This iris, I am as tall as Chalice and Gold Imperial, told, is comparable to Princess Bea­ it is decidedly the finest of its group, trice in form and carriage, the coloring surpassing Soledad, Madria Mia and being that of Shekinah. It is a strong Primavera, all varieties that are needed grower. and will undoubtedly be of for early bloom. great value to the breeders as well as Of the lavenders there is such a host a lovely addition to our gardens. In it is increasingly difficult to find new my own garden this year the two out­ ones of such outstanding merit as to standing yellows were from Mr. Morri­ warrant the discarding of those of son. One, Cockatoo) was larger than yesteryear. Of the newer introduc­ Amber and taller than that variety or tions I have found Elsa and Horizon, Gold Imperial. It is of the depth of both lovely selis, grown by Mr. Morri­ color of the latter, the standards being son, among the most valuable in the nicely waved, the falls wide and flaring. iris garden. Could I have but two It is of excellent substance, holding blues I would choose these. Both are through wind, rain and hot suns. As tall. with blooms of excellent substance all of Mr. Morrison's seedlings are and fine form. Seemingly immune to strong growers, seemingly immune to rot and of rapid increase, they should rot, I am expecting much of this vari­ prove invaluable to those gardeners ety. The other seedling, as yet un­ who do not have the time to coddle named, was of fine form and color. exacting beauties. Wedgwood, lower In fact both were so good I could not growing and of deeper coloring, is choose between them. He has also a another favorite here but it is quite very lovely yellow and white bicolor, prone to rot in wet weather and does the first decided bicolor I have seen require much attention. It is worth in this coloring. It will be valuable all the care one can give it, however, for garden pictures when available. and is quite a general favorite. Realm, Mr. H. P. Sass gave us Prairie Gold another new variety produced by Mr. two years ago, deeper in color than the Baker, of England, is a very late Sturtevant yellows when grown in the bloomer and so quite valuable. Tall Midwest but not so different in the growing, it gives a wealth of light blue East. It is very fine for garden effect, blossoms on sturdy stalks, but will 156 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE Oct., 1929 require watchjng as it is very subject nearest approach possibly being the to rot. However, it increa::;es rapidly, Sass varieties, Caroline E. Stringer and so wherB ga:rden space is limited proba­ Tro-stringer, both whites suffused with bly this is a good failing. Souv. de pink lavender. From a distance Mar­ Letitia Michaud is one of the very quisette, the new shrimp pink variety finest for warm sectjons but will require from the garden of M. Cayeux, seems special care in the cold sections of the to have a brighter effect. Miss Sturte­ country. Panta Barbara, one of the vant 's Dream and Susan Bliss from Mohr varietjes, has proven to be a Mr. Bliss are the best all round varie­ strong grower here but it is reported ties for garden effect. In deepening to be hard to grow in some sections. tones, Aphrodite is still one of the most It has lovely horizontal falls and is popular, though the newer Fascination qujte tall and well worth the care seems to be running a close second. needed to bring it to perfection. In Freida Mohr is a very beautiful bicolor Sensation M. Cayeux has given us an of large size and is one of the finest iris of perfect form. I t is of the most irises we have. In England Thais is glorious blue with well domed stand­ considered one of the finest pinks pro­ ards and horizontal falls, the blooms duced in France, but little is heard of well placed on nicely branched stalks. it in this country. Mme. Cecile Bous­ It is an outstanding iris. In the cant is another French variety that darker blues Mr. Mead's Ion will should be more universally grown, as supersede Swazi as it is an easy doer, when it is good it is very good indeed which the latter decidedly is not, and but sometimes proves quite tempera­ is of exceptionally fine form, the blooms mental. Give it a light soil in full sun well poised on the stalk, the heavy sub­ and if necessary protect it from the stance giving the impression of great winter rains and it will well repay such strength. When seen last season after care with glorious blooms. On the red two days of beating rain it stood in side we have Indian Chief from Dr. beauty seemingly little affected by the Ayres and Ml'. Connell 's Dauntless. deluge. Purple Haze, one of Mr. The latter has been hailed for several H. P. Sass' more recent introductions, years as the nearest approach to true is of that lovely coloring seen on the red among iris and is now being quite western hills at twilight and is very widely distributed. Indian Chief is lovely combined with the soft yellows being introduced this yeaI' and is not and pink-toned plicatas. Mary Bar­ so widely known but. it is a rare beauty. nett is proving a great favorite as it as seen in the seed beds during two becomes more widely distributed. In years' bloom. form quite similar to Princess Beatrice; These rambling notes but skim the it is also of about the same coloring, edges of the wealth of iris now being but t his is enhanced by the golden offered for our pleasure. Hardly any yellow beard that spreads a glow two lists would contain the same varie­ throughout the bloom. It was far ties and if possible it is far better to lovelier here this year than in the visit the gardens of iris growers during previous seasons, possibly because while the blooming season and there select it was in bloom the weather was cooler. such varieties as one feels will prove There were flecks of gold on the falls useful in the home garden, for the near the beard and an iridescence not home gardener wants varieties that shown in other years and impossible are strong growing, free from disease, to describe. Duke of York, Ann Page, with good straight stalks on which the Lady Charles Allom and Jacqueline blooms are well placed along the stalk. Guillot are other blue lavenders that It is not always possible to judge all stand out as fine garden irises among this from the catalogue descriptions myriad lavenders. nor is it possible to keep from choosing We have no clear, true pinks, the too many varieties of much the same Oct., 1929 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE 157 coloring that flower at the same time; can make a proper selection and get this, in the small garden, is a serious a color range that will give the greatest occurrence. It can be avoided by the variety of hues over the longest possi­ actual visit to the gardens where one ble season.

Lilian A. Guernsey [See pa(Je 180J Lilium centifolium 158 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE Oct., 1929

Words If a leaf has a smooth margin throughout we say that it is entire, but if the leaf margin shows any sort of variations we have various special words that are useful in making leaf descri ptions. Should it happen that the only variation from a smooth edge that shows appears either at the end of the leaf away from the stem or at the base, we have the first series of words. For leaves with pointed tips we have two groups, the words that indicate narrowing to a point and those which suggest a sudden narrowing to a point. In the first set we have acute, which merely indicates a sharply pointed tip and its opposite, obtuse, which indi­ cates a bluntly pointed tip. In the second set we have mucronate, which refers to a margin that suddenly narrows to a small short tip, and cuspi­ date, which suggests a short and rigid tip. If the leaf either gradually or suddenly narrows to a very narrmN longish point, it is spoken of as acumi­ nate. If instead of ending in a point the line with rounded dentations it ·is leaf is bluntly cut off, the descriptive described as sinuate, and if these are term is truncate, but if the truncate end more vague, approximating a straighter is somewhat drawn in (usually) oppo­ edge, the margin is noted as undulate site the midrib, the shape is described or repand. as retuse, or as emarginate, if the in­ If, however, the margin is sharply cision is more deeply drawn in, and cut by more or less deep, irregular finally as obcordate if it is so deep as to slashes, it is spoken of as incised. This suggest the lobes of a heart. is the term that makes the transition For the distinctive patterns in the toward all the terms for lobes and leaf margin the general term is denta­ segments that lead in turn to the tion. If the leaf margin is cut into already discussed compound leaf. small teeth directed toward the tip or If the division is not more than half­ forward as in a saw, the word serrate way from the margin to the midrib of is used. The diminutive of this is the leaf and the lobes are rounded on serrulate, implying smaller teeth. Den­ the ends, the leaf is lobed; in a techni­ tate is used to denote coarser teeth cal sense if the lobes are narrow or which do not point forward .' sa"v­ acute, the leaf is cleft; if the divisions fashion. Crenate is like the last but reach almost to the midrib or base, the teeth are rounded, not pointed, the leaf is parted, and if they do reach making a sort of scalloped margin. to the midrib or base the leaf is com­ If the margin shows merely a wavy pound. Oct., 1929 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE iS9

Michael Carron [See page 179] S tembel"gia lu tea 160 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE Oct., 1929 A Shopper's Guide Never have I been so completely gonum affine, more often catalogued convinced of the intemperance that P. brunonis, which hails from Kashmir one may reach in the presence of a and is said to bear all t hrough August good seed list that when recently I and September six-inch stems ending was led into a small greenhouse fi lled in little pink heads of small fl owers with flats of seedlings for the most that belie its relation to the huger and part crying out for immediate trans­ coarser knotweeds. This you may planting! Having sinned repeatedly have from an English list, but you by buying more than anyone pair of must go to Switzerland if you would human hands could reasonably hope like P. Emocli, which is said to be like to manage, I forebore to show the grim it but more sparse in its carpeting and smile that rose uBbidden to my lips of more dubious hardiness. Of even for I knew quite well that I should un­ finer charms is P. vaccinifolium, but for doubtedly transgress again as soon as this as yet the shopper's guide has possible. found no source. Before offering you, therefore, the What do you know about Alyssum special seeds that should tempt you if idawm? If you are familiar only you are susceptible to any temptation, with the huge gray green tufts of for I have come to believe either that Alyssum saxatile that disappear each no one reads this section or that they spring beneath a cloud of rather brassy are of sterner stuff than most, let me yellow, you have no basis of com­ remind you that though annuals, you parison, for this is a delicate trailer should certainly remember to include with all the usual ear-marks of its in your lists for 1930 seeds of two family to be sure, but with a more deli­ pimpernels, the scarlet-flowered Anag­ cate grace and demanding a position allis monelli paT7csii, which is no small where it can run down between stones scarlet pimpernel, but one with fine or even over their faces. Another inch-wide flower faces that open to the small species is fl. montanum, this too sun, and its sister, A. monelli phillipsii, with gray green foliage and yellow with equally wide flowers of a nice flowers but of slightly more robust deep but rather dull blue. Unlike other charms. Repens might serve to close weedier anagallis I have known, these this little teaser in the yellow cresses, make neat little branching bushlets another creeper with even larger that spread until they cover the earth individual flowers than any of the pre­ with their flat-topped branches and ceding. All the cresses have the ad­ give fine flowering through the hot vantage of flowering the second season days of August. Another annual that from seed and giving a rather decent should be looked into is Viscaria, a show; a trait that is not shared by all member of the pink family with small rock garden inhabitants. tufts of rather pink-like foliage from Everyone knows Saponaria ocy­ which rise the jointed stems that bear moides with its t umbling cascades wide-eyed circular blossoms of various of thin-branched stems and thinner hues of rose and bluish creams. They leaves, covered in season with myriads Bever seem to exceed six inches and of rosy-tinted flowers, but has curi­ have a look as if they might like to be osity ever taken you further afield to moved into their permanent flower­ discover the other members of this ing positions as soon as can be man­ family nearly related to the pinks? aged unless you can groom them on in If you have a deep soil with plenty of flower pots. limestone chips in it you might try Departing from annuals, at least for caespitosa with its rosettes of basal the time, what do you say to Poly- leaves and six-inch stalks crowned Oct., 1929 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE 161 with brilliant pink flowers, of that covered in late September and even hue which is almost in the perilous October with myriad heads of lighter country that garden club ladies may but still truly blue flowers. It winter­ not enter; but if you have no lime­ kills badly in heavy soil and is now stone or lime in any form you had being tried for this climate in deep better test your powers of persuasion sandy soil that was prepared with with Silene pumilio which wants the some echinocereus in mind. In time best sort of a rhododendron soil mix­ it may even have to be moved into ture with sand and leaf soil but a site a cleft between rocks. in full sun with fine drainage and deep Speaking of echinocereus, the tiny water supply, and I dare say a prefer­ plants that formed the basis for a ence for a Bar Harbor climate. note in April are now jolly little· Anyone who has spent hours of globes an inch or more in diameter weeding the omnipresent chickweeds with a bristling coat of white spiny of this region which appear blithely hairs at all the points. A second in the autumn and grow robustly crop of little seedlings have germi­ through November to be ready to cast nated since then and are following their million seeds to the four winds along in rapid succession. Planted of heaven through the earliest days on a flat table in the rock garden in a of March and April, looks with well soil filled with gritty sand they justified suspicion on all of the race, scarcely show their move from the even upon the familiar Cerastium to­ seed flat. These are from Colorado. mentosum which has its moment of M anfrieda virginica, the so-called beauty in the early spring and then hardy agave, came through the winter needs repeated bobbings to keep the happily and sent up its six-foot stalk rest of the season in shape. One crowned with funny dull yellow flowers should remember, however, the even of a strange hepatic hue. Do not snowier C. biebersteini which has white give it a choice place, but if you need leaves and whiter flowers and lets its a few broad leaves, as is so often the hoary masses lighten the early border, case, this might do as a variation and then if one is really game, try as from funkias. well the difficult glaciale which need a Yucca coloma sat still for almost a so-called moraine, with a deep stony year before it decided to grow, neither root run and underground water for its diminishing or incr~asing one whit, happiness. . but this August, when all the world Returning to the plants that prefer it was weariest with heat and drought, hot and dry, but of course not too dry, its slender blue green leaves began do not forget for the autumn the old their increase and have continued to and familiar Ceratostigma plumbagi­ multiply until it bids fair to make a noides that wants a warm site, with truly presentable yucca of small di­ good drainage, but not too perfect, to mensions. This midsummer growing give you dense mats of foliage and seems to be the rule in this family, for, then in September, and on until frost, looking about, it was soon obvious small heads of flowers with reddish that all the other yuccas of the sepals and fine blue, delphinium blue, neighborhood were doing just the even cart-wheel blue, flowers which are same thing except the few stalks of a constant pleasure. Don't bother gloriosa that were running to flower, it after it commences to grow and seem gorgeous things in mixed plantings of happy; buy new plants if you must broad-leaved evergreens. Some en­ have them. A new relative from terprising Southern nursery should India, which should not appear here take this in hand and work up a stock as it is not available, is C. Willmotti­ for it seems to be fairly hardy, even if anum that is much slower to start it flowers too late to ripen seed. Don't flowering, but makes a taller bush forget the stamped envelopes, please. 162 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE Oct., 1929

A Book or Two The Book of the Tulip, by Sir A. Daniel Rickatson Dykes deprived the world Hall, K. C. B., F. R. S., London. of a tulip monograph, as it is known Martin Hopkinson, Ltd., 1929. 21 that Dykes had such a work in prepa­ s. net. ration and had collected tulip species much as he collected iris species and With the passing of the Rev. Joseph was conducting experiments to de­ Jacob, readers of gardening literature termine the family affairs of the genus. lost for a time the voice of the tulip in With him was associated W. ·C. F. the garden to which they had pleas­ Newton of the John Innes Horticul­ antly listened for many years. They tural Institut.ion. to which Mr. Dykes mourned a kindly and intimate spirit had moved his collection of tulip that seemed almost a personal pres­ species. Mr. Newton's death not ence as his lines passed before the long after that of Mr. Dykes in­ eye. Strangely enough, with the years telTupted the work which Sir Daniel of admiration in which the tulip has has taken up and given us so far as it been held and its universal cultiva­ had progressed. tion as a garden plant, until this year, Garden tulips are hybrids of un­ so far as this writer can learn there certain origin being, so to speak, "made had been only one book in English plants " when they were introduced devoted solely to the tulip. That was to European gardens and thence to the a little volume by the Rev. Jacob, world from Turkey in 1554 by the greatly treasured by those of us Austrian ambassador Busbequius. Sir fortunate enough to possess it, and Daniel has not endeavored to give long out of print. It was published an enumeration of known species some 25 years ago. Many valuable in his book but has confined himself articles treating of the tulip both from to those known to be readilv amenable the scientific and gardening standpoint to garden cultivation. One wishes are printed each year in horticultural that he had gone more thoroughly publications, but the collecting of all into this subject. this information in a single volume One of the most interesting features was left to Sir A. Daniel Hall, whose of the book is a proposed new classi- . recent work entitled "The Book of fication of t ulips along lines of color the Tulip" gives us an authoritative and form. This classification was standard for this popular garden bulb originally devised by Newton, we are that is likely to endure for many years. told, and Newton took as a starting . It is not, strictly speaking, a mono­ point the old classification of Erioste­ graph on the genus, a term at which mones and Leiostemones, distinguished the rank and file of gardeners are by the presence of hairs at the base of likely to shy as indicating a ponderous the stamens or the lack of them. He volume couched in technical terms was of the opinion that some of the which they can not understand. It species are no more than clonal va­ fills, howevel', the need for such a work rieties. Sir Daniel believes that the to a large extent and is likely to be present-day races of tulips fo und their revised in succeeding years as the re­ origin in the Gesneriana and N eo­ lationship of the various species is Tulips, t he origin of which is un­ unraveled from its present tangled and known. uncertain state. With the technical The historical chapters take us over information is a great amount of fairly well known territory. The chief solid garden and cultural lore. interest to the writer was in the chap­ The untimely death of William ter on breaking, in the new classifi- Oct., 1929 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE 163 cation proposed, and the forecast of tion outlined in the book according to the future development of the genus. color and form will supplant it. As to breaking, the John Innes Horti­ He apparently admires the formal cultural Institute has conducted ex­ beauty of the English florists' tulips periments for a number of years but which have never made their way in has arrived at no conclusion that can this country, seeming unimportant be called proved. Sir Daniel re­ compared with the Dutch tulips to turns a Scotch verdict concerning growers who have tried them. He 'also the theory that breaking is caused by thinks little of the Rembrandt class,­ a virus disease communicated prob­ broken Darwins,-which are admired ably by aphides. This infection is by many American tulip enthusiasts. commonly known as the mosaic dis­ The most entertaining bit in the. sease. book is a terse section consisting of The experiments of inoculating un­ two words. This is on the late double broken bulbs by contact with the sub­ tulips which the author dismisses stance of broken bulbs and their subse­ with the quote "Better dead." This quent breaking indicates that the writer heartily agrees, peculiar behavior of the bulb in this Concerning the Mendel and Tri­ respect is due to a virus infection. In umph classes, Sir Daniel advises tulip his book Sir Daniel says that break­ growers to wait and see what varieties ing is confined to the garden hybrids of the flood of named varieties will and does not occur in the species, but win their way and survive, as many of as the book was on the press he an­ them he does not consider of much nounced in later magazine articles account. His suggestions as to new that experiments by grafting broken races to be attained through the use bulbs on normal bulbs of some of the of T. Kaufmanniana and other species species had produced breaking, the opens an interesting field of specula­ species used in the experiment being tion, but as tulips require about six T. greigi and T. eichlen·. He also re­ years to bloom from seed it is not ported that some species under ob­ likely these results will be seen by the servation at the Institute had broken present generation of gardeners. The without the grafting of broken bulbs description by colors of the present upon them. He also found that yel­ garden tulips with typical examples low tulips which have been included as will arouse no quarrel, as the varieties among those which do not break under named are admirable. a microscope showed stripings of dif­ The discussion of 'technical factors ferent shades of yello'w. in the heredity of the tulip which leads His conclusion based on this infor­ us into chromosomes and zygotes is mation, which is not included in his not for the reader without technical book, is that breaking is common to training although the author defines the whole genus. However, his pre­ his terms well, so that they are com­ diction is that with the knowledge prehensible if one cares to delve into which is being gained of the cause of the subject, breaking it may be controlled in the Sir Daniel writes from the stand­ future. point of a man who has been an en­ Due to the intercrossing of various thusiastic grower and student of tulips classes such as the new Mendel and for thirty years. Triumph tulips, crosses respectively He has given us a vast amount of of the little, very early Duc von Thols information assembled between the and the single early class with the covers of his book, which is one that Darwins and other crosses in the every lover of tulips with an interest future with species, Sir Daniel be­ in the family relationships of the lieves that the old classifications will plant will want in his library, for it is break down and that the classifica- difficult to imagine anyone with a 164 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE Oct., 1929 true interest in plants who does not done, will be aware of delicate jeers want to know something about their and that those who are provoked to families, just as one has a certain in­ mirth will not miss the excellence of terest and curiosity concerning the the garden wisdom. family of a friend. The publishers of the book might Lily, I ris and Orchid from Southern have done better by the author and California, by Francis Marion Fultz. the artist who painted the tulips used Spanish American Press, Gardena, as color plates. Much more might California, 1928. 135 pages, illus­ have been made of these paintings by trated. way of reproduction, the small figures looking rather lonely in the midst of In the preface the author plainly a fair page of excellent calendered states that his book" is not a techni­ paper which could so easily carry cal treatise but the botanical state­ much more effective illustrations. ments which it contains are intended to "The Book of the Tulip" is neither be accurate and true to fact. The field strictly a garden book nor a mono­ is as completely covered as seems wise graph. It is in nature reminiscent of and expedient. Space is not given to Mr. Dykes' " Handbook of Garden some minor species and varieties, in Iris." Perhaps it might best be styled order that the reader may not be a handbook. However one wishes wearied with unnecessary detail." to characterize it, this volume is a The book is written for a local pu blic highly valuable contribution to horti­ in a vivid and interesting style re­ cultural literature. In fact, it is flecting a fine fund of both botanical the only available authoritative work and horticultural knowledge, and limits on the tulip in English. itself not to the three plants noted in the title but gives passing attention The Gardener's B ed-Book, by Richard­ to various other monocots of the son Wright. J. B. Lippincott Com­ region, particularly brodiaea, fritil­ pany, Philadelphia, Pa., 1929. 341 laria, zygadenus, allium and yucca. pages. The illustrations are clear and in­ triguing. To those of us who have eagerly laid back the many pounds weight of Daffodil Growing for Pleasure and superior advertising and well illus­ Profit, by Albert F. Calvert. Dulau trated but often inconsequential con­ & Co. Ltd., 32 Old Bond St., Lon­ tinued-on-page-blank articles of our don, England, 1929. 412 pages, esteemed contemporary, in order to illustrated. One guinea. find the pungent single page or the piquant items on the Billboard from In the popular mind the daffodil the hand of the author-editor, this has always been identified with Great book is a peculiar delight. In it Britain. The present volume carries on there is no necessity for that insidious the tradition. The author, although compromise that must often be made relatively a ne"wcomer among daffodil for good business reasons. There is, growers, obviously has set about his on the contrary, much of elegant de­ undertaking with great enthusiasm rision for human weaknesses and and great success. hypocrisies, both personal and horti­ It is extremely difficult to say in a cultural, a neat and biting wit and a word or two what kind of book the tender and poetic sympathy. Do not present volume may be called. One be deceived, it is no book of moralizing resents the use of the hackneyed ex­ nor yet of horticultural formulae, but pression, compendium of useful in- one hopes that all the dear souls ' formation, but after all that is per­ who are gardening because it is being haps the best in this instance. One Oct., 1929 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE 165

finds the expected chapters on History and are reprinted in the present and Development, Classification of volume. An interesting chapter giv­ the Daffodil, and then reaches a ing a list of awards from the Royal considerable part of the book which is Horticultural Society from 1911 to given to cultural matters. These chap­ 1928 precedes the large section of il­ ters are written essentially for the lustrations. British grower and include directions The engravings, to the American of interest not only to the market man, reader, are of the greatest interest, as who ill concerned in the production of in this way we see for the first time cut flowers both in the fi eld and under representations of the newer sorts. glass, but to the grower who is en­ Some of the illustrations have ap­ gaged in the production of bulbs. peared in the reports of the Midland One has the feeling in reading through Daffodil Society, some in trade papers' these pages that the author has spared and others in various catalogs. One no pains to search out all the available suspects in most cases the expert hand printed matter that has been pub­ of the late Mr. Reginald Malby and lished in the past and to investigate his co-workers. The most interesting bulb growing wherever he might find thing of all is the comparison in general it, and then finally to compare the appearance of flowers photographed recorded instructions with the actual in England with flowers photographed practice. For the American these in this country. For example, the chapters can. be used only by compar­ illustrations of Cleopatra, of Gold­ ing them again with our own con­ beater, and even of Emperor seem ditions and methods. We are not, as extraordinarily different from the ap­ yet, much accustomed to the produc­ pearance of those varieties in this tion of cut flowers in the open field, country. There are several others, and perhaps do more work under glass. notably Everest, Quartz, and Tapin, Our experience in the production of which seem to be a little more precise bulbs is still in its earlier stages. in form than the same varieties in the There follow four chapters which reviewer's garden. are concerned chiefly with matters re­ While the illustrations are not ex­ lating to daffodil breeding. They are clusively of exhibition types of flowers, contributed by the Rev. G. H. Engle­ there are many of this sort included heart, the Brodie of Brodie, Guy L. Wil­ which should be of peculiar interest to son, and F. Herbert Chapman. These the American who thinks of the daffodil names in themselves are sufficient to particularly as a flowtlr for garden use guarantee the excellence and value of and is inclined to be somewhat unob­ the pages. One only regrets that they serving of the beauties that are to be have contributed so small a part in found in daffodils of the newest this large book. types. The reviewer, who has grown The next section, contributed by many of the newer sorts for several W. E. H. Hodson and A. Beaumont, years, can testify that they are as discusses the pests and diseases of the robust and as useful as the older sorts narcissus with the usual treatment of of which he has many more. When the narcissus eelworm, the greater the day comes that we have these new and lesser bulb flies , the bulb mite and varieties easily available, many new various rots caused by fungi. beauties will be found for our gardens The remaining chapt.ers are even in the spring months. more difficult of brief classification. All lovers of the daffodil owe Mr. They were written by A. M. Wilson, Calvert a debt of gratitude for bring­ H. W. Addiss, the Rev. G. H. Engle­ ing together this mass of material and heart, Peter R. Barr, Herbert G. filling the long gap since the last Longford, and George Monro. Several publications of daffodil books. of the papers have appeared elsewhere [Continued on page 184.] 166 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE Oct., 1929

The Gardener's Pocketbook

PRIMROSES deep purple through the scarlet, ver­ million, terra cotta and similar hues. Wintering plants, usually the subject Young plants are most sensitive to hot of greatest concern, is comparatively dry weather. Established clumps can unimportant with one genus, the prim­ hold their own. They have done won­ roses, and particularly the candelabra derfully well in clay soil. Shade, how­ section. This is so called because its ever, seems to be a requirement for members bear their blooms in tier their best development, and afternoon above tier on stems sometimes as tall shade preferably. as three feet. Summering these prim­ Limestone chi ps dug into heavy and roses, particularly in sections of the clay soils make a good root medium. country where hot, dry Augusts may A mulch of limestone chi ps, grass cli p­ be expected normally and when often pings, peat moss or buckwheat hulls, a hot dry spell begins in late July, is where available, is also useful. T he the critical task in their culture. This limestone chip mulch is the most effi­ is the danger period in the writer's cient, it seems to me, as rain trickles experience. They curl up and die through it freely. Peat moss is in its very easily under hot dry conditions dry state a waterproof cover and buck­ and unless constant watch is kept over wheat docs not let moisture penetrate them in hot dry spells, considerable as easily as the stone chips. Use of losses are likely. paper mulch requires that the plants be These primroses are Asiatics whi ch set in straight lines for its convenient in their native localities have a con­ application. but it is effective. It need tinuously cool, moist root medium, not be put down until after the bloom­ some of them rejoicing in bog condi­ ing period and can be removed in the tions. In this count ry they seem to fall when it is no longer needed. be as hardy as any perennial we have These primroses are increasing in so far as winter cold is concerned, but popularity here in t he Middle West, despite bog conditions in their habitat as one needs only to see a group of the they don't seem to want them here. brilliant Japanese primrose, Etna, the But they do want moist soil. glowing hybrid Red Hugh or the softer While I have grown them in soil in colored Asthore and Aileen Aroon to which it is not good sense to try to be captivated. Then come the deep grow them-a light sandy soil- it velvety crimsons and purples, the was only by dint of constant attention oranges, yellows, salmons, pinks and t o watering and with the assistance of roses to complete the display. Seed paper mulch as an experiment which sown in February or early March in proved effi cient in equalizing conditions flats and coldframes and subjected to that they were pulled through t he sum­ some freezing and t hawing seems to mer. The bloom, while pleasing under bring the best germination. All are these conditions, did not attain the slow to start, sometimes waiting a year size or the height of which it is cap­ or two, but ordinarily they start in able and it can not be expected to from fo ur to six weeks and good ger­ do so. mination results. Maintaining uni­ But under heavy soil conditions, formly moist conditions during the where there is less danger of drying germination period seems essential to out, even in periods of drought, t hey good germination, and the lack of these flourish luxuriantly, make fine healthy uniform conditions is the reason why foliage, and in June glorify shady cor­ so many outdoor plantings of these ners and borders with their rich and seeds prove absolute failures. brilliant bloom ranging from yellow to They seem to like rich fare and are Oct., 1929 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE 167 not particular as to whether the soil the Chicago district with no success is is sweet or acid. helodoxa. It has proved of low germin­ For many years Primula japonica ating quality and the plants that did was the only candelabra form of hardy appear failed to flourish. primrose we had, and this was not often The giant P ..florindae seems quite at seen because of its slowness of germina­ home. It is really too big to be " prim­ tion and because it often showed rather rosy" with its tall umbels of yellow dingy forms. It lost popularity when bells and heavy foliage very accurately P. pulverulenta of richer coloring and described as resembling that of a larger size was introduced, and then March marigold. It is a big edition came b1~lleyana with rich yellow spikes, of P. sikkimensis, which is more deli­ beesiana, another fine purple, and coc7c­ cately beautiful. Another delirate burniana in brilliant orange scarlet. beauty in yellow, a comparative new-' These primroses have formed the basis comer, is P. microdonta alpicola. All of a series of gorgeous hybrids in a three seem to do well under rock garden wide color range that make magnifi­ conditions. The candelabras for the cent shady garden material. mm:t part are too robust for the rock Recently two larger flowered types garden and seem more effective massed have been introduced. These are P . in the border, where the hose can be anisidora and burmanica, the former used copiously when needed without a larger japonica and the latter a danger of drowning more delicate bigger beesiana. neighbors such as would be found in While these hybrids such as Aileen a rock garden. s. R. D. Aroon, Asthore, and Red Hugh show Chicago, IlL some variation from seed, the coloring is close to the named type. The first is a scarlet, the second a coppery red, and the last a fiery scarlet. Etna, of the japonicas, is a glowing red with considerable yellow in it.. Lissadell hybrid is vermillion and the Ipswich hybrids give a series of varying shades in this series. The orange and scarlet tones are said to come from the inter­ mingling of cockburniana blood. Ja­ ponica has some very fine rich crimson as well as rose and a pure white. Some of the finest of the pink and rose hues in the candelabra primroses are found in the Bartley strain of P. pulverulenta. These are exquisite things. While the genus Primula only a decade ago was of comparatively small proportions, plant exploration in Asia has added species until it now runs into the hundreds and the candelabra class has a fair proportion of the new­ comers. It is quite impossible to try to keep up with the primrose proces­ A NEW PYXIE FLOWER sion, some of which are of more botani­ Pyxidanthera brevi/olia Wells cal than gardening interest. The one member of the candelabra The new pyxie which is known only section that has been attempted in from the one station near Spout 168 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE Oct., 1929

Springs, North Carolina, where it technical differences on which bo­ was found by the writer, is of interest tanists separate the two genera, Cen­ in that it grows in a much drier soil taurium and Sabatia. than does the other species P . barbu­ This lovely Rosegentian can not be lata. The new form unquestionably successfully t ransplanted when fully represents a xeric adaptation to the grown, as is often attempted, because high excessively drained sandhill where it is strictly biennial, and dies as soon it was found. In its station the plant as its seeds are ripe. Instead, seeds is very common in an area not over must be collected in the Fall, sown as five acres in extent. It apparently is promptly as practicable (they lose reproducing here only by stolons, for their vitality when allowed to dry if the plant could multiply freely by out) and then left alone for a year. seed its range would unquestionably The first season nothing develops but be vastly larger. The summer and a flat-lying group of foW' roundish, winter aspect is that of a thick-leaved shining leaves, the whole but an inch moss. So moss-like does the plant or two in diameter. Protected from appear th~t any botanist on super­ the cold by a thin covering of litter ficial view would be apt to classify it and by t he snow, these rosettes SW'­ as belonging to the lower group. Its vive the following winter without es­ slender shallowly buried woody stems, sential change, being hardy well up of course, show it at once to be a seed into t he Great Lake region. Then in plant. The short erect branches are the Spring they begin to grow, and so thickly disposed as to give the send up a stem to a height of a foot or plants a mat-like aspect. In the more, crowned with numerous showy early spring when each little branch flowers in July and August. Once the bears its flower these mats are most plant is established it will self-sow and attractive masses of white as can be reappear in subsequent years, if con­ judged from the illustration. ditions are to its liking. Care must B. W. WELLS. be taken, however, that its rosettes are Raleigh, N. C. not weeded out by mistake, and that the bed where it grows is not limed NEGLECTED NATIVES: 2. FIELD ROSE­ nor heavily fertili zed, for it requires a GENTIAN. somewhat acid and sterile soil. Sabatia angula1'is (L.) Pursh. (See Washington, D. C. E . T. WHERRY. page 169.) THE SHOWY LILY During the hottest days of mid­ summer there comes into bloom in The Japanese lily, speciosum ru­ abandoned fields and grassy meadows b"um, which reaches a height of 7 feet in many parts of the eastern United in my garden is preferably grown in St.ates a plant with flowers of such a moist but well drained soil in a semi­ striking rose-pink hue that it seems shaded position. They grow equally worthy of a place in our gardens. 'well in fu ll sun, but I prefer some shade Following the general plan of Stand­ because the flowers mature less rapidly, ardized Plant Names (in which this thus prolonging their season of bloom. species is not included, since not in the Spe.ciosum should be planted deep­ trade) the name Field Rosegentian ly, as the lilies are stem-rooting. may be suggested for it, although Drainage is furnished by cinders and the country folk know it as Centaury. gravel. The bulbs are placed in fine This usage has evidently been handed loamy soil to which compostecl leaves down from their ancestors, who, com­ and sharp sand have been added. ing from England, were familiar with In autumn the bed is prepared for t he plants so-called there, and were the winter rest by a heavy covering of naturally unable to appreciate the leaves and well rotted manure. Bran- Oct., 1929 THE NATIONA,L HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE 169

E . T. Wherry [See palJe 168J

Sabatia ang1llaris • ..J 170 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE Oct., 1929

pure snow white; it is very good. Seraglio is very large for a Barrii, the big evenly frill ed crown has a clear cut margin of orange red, the pale yellow perianth is round and quite flat. Two surprises were furnished by Pax and Hera. The latter's cup developed a ribbon edge of pure apricot. Pax's cup was a delicious orangy-peach,' pink, deepest at the rim and shading to pale yellow in the center. Prior to this season the cup was rimmed with shell pink, if any color developed at all, with an occasional cro\\"n solid as was the case this year. Two seasons in succession in which every colored cup has bloomed, in one or t he other, true to description, is sufficiently encouraging to warrant trial of more of the new things of this type. As garden plants, Tenedos and Beersheba were not so good as last ches spread lightly over the top afford season. The blooms "'ere fine but the additional protection but should be stems were weak. B. F . CURETOK. raked off in spring before the bulbs Walhonding, Ohio. begin breaking through the moist soil in early April. The top d1'essing Iris reticulata. (See page 17l.) permitted to remain will serve as summer mulch and later, worked into It is more or less of an aggravation the soil, adds humus to the lily bed. to see a mention of this iris which is Ashland, Va. MRS. C. B. JONES. apparently not to be had in this country, but its picture is included Narcissus Notes, 1929. nevertheless in the hope that some one may be inspired to start growing Among the good things blooming, a supply of it from seed which can be this season, were Rosary, a noble had at times from European sources. specimen bloom four and one-half A small amount planted in the late inches across, poised on a stiff stem, autumn yielded a very fair germina­ with a snow white perianth, even and tion almost at once and the fo llowing absolutely flat, and a beautifully pro­ spring brought up as fine a mass of portioned trumpet of solid rosy buff. little swords as one might expect Striking, a really red-eyed poet with a from 11"1:s sibirica. As a matter of rather small but quite perfect flower; precaution a little more sand than Zillah, a cream white incomparabilis usual was added to t he potting mix­ with a crown over a half inch across ture, but this may not have been widely margined orange scarlet, as needed as the little seedlings were brilliant as Brightling; Mystic, the each tipped with as hard and horny ultra-refined; Mary Copeland, a double pointed leaves as any of the older bulbs. that I like, the aptly named Yukon and They make a single leaf each year the three Barrii varieties planted last until they are several years of age, year. Of these, Kilter opens whiter when other leaves begin to come along than Firetail and has a larger and more as with other bulbous plants. brilliant crown. The Admiral opens Of the flowers there is little new Oct., 1929 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE 111 .-

Lilian A. . Guernsey [See page 170] Iris reticulata

that can be said. They spring up as possible, with gritty, well drained with amazing rapidity just after t he but fairly rich soil and a bit of lime. flower of Iris per sica are well past, When once established the bulbs which means that hereabouts we have should be let alone. them with the crocus. At the time Washington, D. C. of flowering the leaves are almost un­ developed and some provision must BROAD-LEAVED EVERGREEN SHRUBS. be made for a soil covering, which should not be too rampant if it is a Many years ago in my grand­ green thing. The situation for the mother's greenhouse there was a bulbs should be warm and protected plant that had grown to such large in the sense t hat the flowers should proportions that it required a half be spared as much of the early bluster hogshead to hold it. It had medium 172 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE Oct., 1929 small smooth dark green leaves that I have a sm~ll plant of the loquat in grew in rosettes on the ends of the my garden now that has stood one stems and very fragrant rather muddy winter most successfully. Perhaps I yellowish white flowers in the center should say that during the severe of the rosettes of leaves in late winter winter of which I speak there was a or early spring. This was the pitto­ day and a half (at least 36 hours) sporum (P. tobira) and year after year when the temperature did not rise my grandmother had the tub labori­ above 8 degrees, and during one night 'ously moved in and out of the green­ it touched zero. That of course was house with the changing seasons. an unusual winter, but while North After her death my brother, who in­ Carolina is part of " the South," we herited the "job" of looking after do not have the warm climate of the greenhouse, learning more and Florida. Weare half way between more about plants, and being a little the North and the South and there weary of the semi-annual move, de­ are great horticultural possibilities cided to put the Pittosporum in the here. ISABEL B. BUSBEE. ground and see if it would not sur­ Raleigh, N. C. vive our winters. To the astonish­ ment of the rest of the family it did, and after it had gotten well established, it went through the coldest, bitterest winter that we had had in the memory of the oldest inhabitant with the loss of only one or two branches. Since that time other people have planted the Pitt03[:orum and find that it is well suited to this climate, being perfectly hardy, and at the same time growing and flourishing through all the heat and drought of om rather hot, dry summers. It is a broad leaved ever­ green that we should use more abun­ dantly. PINK DEUTZIA Other broad-leaved evergreens that I have found are hardy enough to be One of the best of the Deutzias is planted as far north as this section are D. gracilis rosea, a variety with clusters the fragrant olive (Olea jmgrans, or of single flowers that are of a delightful as it is now called Osmanthusjragrans) , clear tint of pink in the bud and the the tea olive (Osmanthus jortunei) and early stages of bloom and bleach grad­ Osmanthus ilicijolium, the laurustinus ually to white before they drop. The (Viburnum tinus), the banana shrub few single-flowered species of Deutzia (Michelia juscata), and even the Cape seem more clean-cut and attractive Jessamine (Gardenia florida) will grow than the commoner double-flowered and bloom if given a little protection. species, whose blossoms are fringy and I have never seen a Camellia japonica have a somewhat untidy look. The planted around Raleigh, but there is appearance of t he single flowers is a very large bush of it at Clayton, sho,vn by the photograph of a charac­ N. C., about 16 miles southeast of teristic spray, and the view of a 10- her:, which blooms profusely every y~ar - old plant leaves no doubt as to sprmg. the appropriateness of the specific That same cold winter that dealt so name gracilis. Some of the blossom­ kindly with our Pittosporum also ing branches on this plant were at least failed to kill two large plants of the 2 feet long with flowers all the way. Japanese loquat (Eriobotrya japonica). Tpis Deutzia is at its prime just as the Oct., 1929 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE 173

flowering dogwood and wild azalea are sessilis and Thalictrum dipterocarpum going by-in Washington this year brought back a blue ribbon. early in May. It is a rapid grower when established, and rigid pruning of the flowering branches soon after the petals have dropped gives a wonderful crop of bloom the following· spring. Washington, D. C. B. H. LANE.

GOLDBAND LILY Experience with Lilium auratum in my own garden has been that of many other Eastern amateur gardeners who claim that after three successive sea­ sons of bloom, each giving evidence of increasing deterioration, they finally disappear altogether. Five years ago, however, there came by chance into my possession four small but firm bulbs which were said to be better than those of larger size with loose fleshy scales and only half as dear. A space 2 feet deep was excavated in the clay-loam of the garden soil, drainage supplied with broken bricks, bits of crockery, tin cans, etc., to a depth of 6 inches and the remaining 18 inches filled in with rich woods The several types of L . auratum ap­ earth and old rotted tree stumps, sifted pearing in this small collection have and mixed with coarse sand. The furnished opportunity for observation. bulbs were planted 12 inches deep. And so with certainty it may be said Experience has likewise taught me that that were there a final choice and a lily beds thrive best which receive a chance to begin again one could wish yearly mulching of manure in the late for nothing finer than a planting of fall. the one great glorious variety, gold The snapshot serves only to show an spotted, gold banded L. auratum average bloom stalk (not specimen) cut platyphyllum or macranthum. MARY MC D. BEIRNE. from this shaded and rather crowded Ashland, Va. planting in the perennial border. The past season marked the fifth birthday of ({the four small bulbs," CRAB GRASS IN LAWNS which show a healthy increase/and are In August, 1928, crab grass appeared giving every evidence of having be- on two lawns in such quantities as to - come well established. From their make hand weeding impractical. Con­ narrow corner of the earth, during the siderable time was spent accumulating bloom period, many messengers of joy available literature on the eradication went forth bearing umbels of rare of this pest but no solution was offered beauty and fragrance. other than to make new lawns. On the occasion of a local flower The making of a new lawn was not show a basket of A uratum wittei and a real solution as even with the best A uratum platyphyllum, cut from the possible work seed of the crab grass planting, with Veronica longifolia sub- would remain. Further, the soil was 174 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE Oct., 1929 of a hard clayey nature, difficult to From this it would seem that the start seed in and washing badly in scalding kills not only the grass but also heavy rains. The entire removal of the seed. The remaining dead grass the soil was not desirable on account forms a protection for the young lawn of the very heavy expense involved and grass. The hot water appears to have the loss of bone meal fertilizer that had made the fertilizer in the soil more been worked in. available as the grass on the so treated After considerable study an experi­ areas has made more t han double the ment was canied out. One plot was growth of the other areas. skinned and a new lawn built in the Both areas now show an almost pure generally approved manner. stand of blue grass, but the hot water The second plot was handled differ­ treated area is better both as to growth ently. Two preserving kettles were and general conditions. The skinned set up and boiling water used. With area is quite spotty owing to the neces­ large watering pots the areas of crab sity of hand weeding this year. grass wer~ well sprinkled with boiling As a result of the work I am willing water. The plot was then allowed to to recommend the hot water process. stand for several days when it was It tequires some time and labor but in again gone over with boiling water the long run it is less expensive than wherever the crab grass showed signs hand weeding and much more effective. of revival. The two areas used were about 40 At the end of about ten days it was feet by 100 feet each. quite plain that all had been killed. H. A. WILLIAMSON. The plot was then lightly raked, just Fairmont, W. Va. taking off the heaviest of the dead grass. Some portions were then built Cotoneaster hebephylla Diels. (See page up a little with new earth but the most 175.) of it was left with the dead grass on it and the entire plot resown with a This species is unlike most of those mixture of blue grass, red top and that have been illustrated before as it timothy. makes a taller and more spreading bush In August, 1929, the following ob­ with widely arching branches and servations are made on the above: feathery open shoots lined with small The plot that was skinned and a new leaves of a grayish green on the upper lawn made came on in the autumn as surface and quite ashen with silvery well as could be expected. This year hairs below. The flowers are some­ in July and August crab grass sprouted what more showy than in the dwarfer in this plot and hand weeding was re­ species, but like most of their fellows quired (three men one day) . It would are anything but pure white and make appear that in'skinning some crab grass no more conspicuous showing than seed had sifted down through and re­ do many of the hawthorns about which mained in the new lawn. so many undeserved rhapsodies have On the plot that was scalded new been made. The benies, however, sprouting of crab grass was confined are another matter for they are of a to areas tl;tat were built up with earth decent size and begin to show their after the scalding (apparently new crab brilliant red tints in late summer grass seed was introduced with the new while many of the other species are earth). Where the old grass was al­ still uncolored. At first the berries lowed to remain after scalding, the new appear as a rather dull red for they grass sprouted more promptly, grew are covered with a fine down, but this better and in every way gained over seems to wear off and leaves the light the other methods of handling; there scarlet fruits in their full glory which was no crab grass where the old grass is not diminished until heavy frosts or had not been removed. hungry birds have made havoc. The Oct., 1929 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE 175

"

Lilian A.. Guernsey (See page 1741 Cotoneaster hebephylla 176 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE Oct., 1929 leaves color somewhat before falling Deutzia scabra candidissima . Rehd. but are not so fine as in the species (See page 179.) which have less hairy covering. Washington, D. C. This is one of the many modern deutzias that we owe to the genius of the Lemoines. To those familiar Rhododendron nudiflorum Torr. (See only with the rough and somewhat page 177.) scurfy charms of the old crenata and Our own native pink azalea which scabra this will be of unbelievable is called pinxter flower in the North elegance. Its leaves, to be sure, are and Wild Honeysuckle in the South is rough and its bark does slough often overlooked in the rush for more off in flaky bits like any of the exotic beauties. In spite of this it is older ones, but its growth is more still worthy of a place in the shrub­ measured in size and seemliness and beries that are not too near the house the over-arching shoots are bent almost for it has a rather sickly sweetness in to earth with the weight of the heavy flowering time that is not pleasant heads. The flowers, as the illustra­ nearby. Left to its own devices in tion shows, are full double and of this acid soil of our woods, it usually lovely form, but the illustration does spreads about near the surface of the not even suggest that they are well soil, making widely suckering clumps over three-quarters of an inch across. of thin stems which flower only on the There is no tinting even in the bud strongest members, or else it grows stage when so many deutzias show a up into a six- or eight-foot straggler, pinkish stain on the backs of the with level tiers of branches all crowned outer petals. Like all of its kind it with heads of bloom before the leaves seems to be very easily propagated push out or with the young shoots. by cuttings of half-ripe wood in Among the plants there is a wide summer or hard wood in winter. range of color variation from the Washington, D. C. near whites through every shade of rather clear rose pinks until we come D?'yopteris novaboracenis Gray. (See to the deep rose color of Rhododendron page 150.) roseurn, its near relative. Variation is shown as well in the width of the corolla The N ew York fern is one of the lobes which makes a great difference jolliest in the wild garden for com­ in the appearance of the flower heads. bining with plants that lose their Like all of its fellows it is easily leaves early in the summer, for it is raised from seed if the proper routine rather slow to develop its fronds in is followed and the gardener will wait the spring and then makes a delicate about three years to see his flowering. mass to hide the nakedness of the In addition he will have better plants, plants that have gone on. It spreads for in soil that is deep and well pre­ about rapidly from running rootstocks, pared the plant loses its wide sucker­ flourishing equally well in shade and ing habit and makes as decent and half sunny places. Its fronds are civilized a clump as any of the exotic deciduous and of a light yellow green species. Like all its fellows, too, hue with a sweet scent if crushed, but it will endure any amount of pruning perhaps no more so than many other and indeed for collected plants a ferns. If transplanted in midsummer veritable beheading is the best prac­ it has the habit of losing all its leaves in tice. Move in from nurseries or col­ an alarming fashion, but if the season lecting while dormant, but at any time is early enough, new ones come if you wish. on your own place, if you quickly, and if it is too late the whole will watch the watering. energies of the plant go into the root­ Washington, D. C. stock for the following year. Oct., 1929 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE 177

Lilian A. Guemsey [See paye 1841 Rhododendron nudifiorum 178 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE Oct., 1929

In the patch shown it covered the lections that have yellow rays and dark early masses of mertensia and Cali­ brown disks, still others with coppery fornia erythroniums and later in the red reverse, and some with the whole summer makes a striking contrast flower in colors that recall the warm with the spires of cardinal flower that red browns of wall flowers. rise behind it on the edge of a tiny rill Washington, D. C. of water that does not show in the il­ lustration. Narcissus) Medusa. (See page 182.) Washington, D . C. Ever since the beauties of the tazetta H elenium autumnale L. (See page narcissus came to the knowledge of 181.) our European garden ancestors, our Among the myriad composites that race has cast a wishful eye toward decorate the autumn borders there them and resented the fact that they are few that are more satisfactory have winter-flowering habits that make than the heleniums, natives of our them most unhappy residents in nor­ own Southwestern States. In their thern gardens, if indeed they survive poorest forms the petals are irregular at all. More than twenty years ago and badly reflexing and make the The Van der Schoots introduced the poorest of showing, but in the garden race of poetaz narcissus in which the selections one can have even rounder bunch-flowering habit of the tazettas and more overlapping petals than was kept and the hardiness of the those shown in the figure and a cOn­ poeticus species was introduced. In siderable color range as well. the mating, however, there is a com­ They flower through late August and promise that forfeits to a large degree early September at the time when the starry charm of the true tazettas. the phlox have just finished off their Among this first company of hybrids main pageant and only the taller there was only one form that came into late flowering types remain. Buddleia, commerce in which the size of the caryopteris and some of the rudbeckias poeticus parent triumphed over the keep them company and the masses smaller tazetta. This variety, Elvira, of the spreading, ashy blue Eupatorium is still one of the best known of the coelestinum and the silver gray stalks . group. In later years the diversion of Artemesia Silver King make happy of breeding aims in England and on contrasts with the lavender white mists the continent has brought about the of boltonia in the offing and the later increase of more of the small-flowered forms of the amellus asters for the forms such as we have in Laurens foreground. Koster, Admiration and the like among The best of the matter is that this the Holland growers and an increase plant does not make widely running in the larger-flowered hybrids in the suckers after the fashion of so many British gardens, particularly those of composites. The main clumps are the Williams. compact as a phlox and should be Our present example is only one of lifted and divided and refed with as the elegant flowers that we have from much regard. Do not consider it like Mr. P. D. Williams, and although it is one of the sunflowers 01' even like the not really new; it is still practicall~' reliable Golden Glow or some fine unknown in this country. year you are going to find that it has Usually there are but one or two disappeared from the borders for no flowers on a stem, flowers of the size special reason, except lack of food, a of a true poeticus with a perianth lack we are not inclined to admit. almost as white and a cup of a de­ In color range the type shows a lightful red, that color so often termed slightly greenish yellow with a yellow sealing wax. Here it seems to be as disk, but there are other named se- good a plant as Elvira with as rapid Oct., 1929 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE 179

L ilian A. Guernsey [See paoe 1841 Deutzia scabra candidissima increase and certainly as many flower or even rare, in t he t rue sense of t he stalks. Speed t he day when it is in all word. It belongs rather to t hat great gardens. company of plants lovely enough in Washington, D . C. themselves but. not of such remarkable charms as to hold t he eye of t he world S ternbergia lutea K er-Gawl. (See page at large. H ailing from Asia M inor, 159. ) t hey have long be(;ID in cultivation and can even be fo und in t his country with This plant is by no means either new, a little searching. They are bulbous 180 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE Oct., 1929 things of the Amaryllis family with leaf adds vigor to the developing individual habits just the opposite of Amaryllis the plant becomes more and more erect belladonna, coming to you as dormant and makes a larger group of flowers bulbs in midsummer and pushing up at the head. The flowers vary in color small tufts of narrow dark green leaves from the pure white album with its in September, in the midst of which tiny green blotches at the very base rise six- to eight-inch stalks each topped of the petals through all degrees of with a flower much like a huge golden rosy blushes and blotchings to the yellow crocus. As these come in late deeply colored Melpomene. Each has September and early October they a peculiar loveliness and all have a rarely set seed hereabouts and one must delightful scent. depend upon division for their increase. When once happily established do The handsome green leaves persist not disturb them but add an annual through the winter and gradually ripen mulch of the very best rotted leaf com­ off in the spring. post that you have, and if you are still My own plants have lived in the end braver a winter mulch of the oldest of an azalea bed between young plants and most elegant manure that can be of Kampfer's azalea behind a mass of found. Watch like a hawk for any Iris cristata as the picture shows, but sign of fungus attack and spray with have since been moved into better a good fungicide. If you must replant quarter~ where they peer up through or divide do it as soon as the flowers the flat stems of a prostrate coton­ have faded and in replanting do not easter. As we have had zero weather forget that this is a stem rooting lily once since their arrival from the South which requires a deep planting with and low temperatures several times good soil throughout, enough below there should be no question of their the bulbs to feed the basal roots and root hardiness. As to how much enough above the bulb to feed the freezing their leaves might stand there stem roots which help to rear the an­ can be no report from this garden for nual flo\\'er st.alk. here they are not frozen throughout the Washington, D. C. winter. Washington, D. C. Lilium centifolium Stapf. (See page 157.) Lilium speciosum Thun. (See page 183.) . Only two summers have shown what this lily can do here. but it has flour­ The spike of the showy lily in t his ished in spite of accidents so well tl}at figure is by 110 means as admirably one wonders if it will not be a rival for grown a specimen as that shown on Lilium regale when it is abundant. page 170, but it gives a clearer idea of Five small bulbs were given the the actual form and carriage of the writer in the autumn of 1927. These flower and shows ·as well what one were planted in a prepared hole on a may expect from a smaller bulb. hillside azalea bed where they could Among the lilies from Japan this is have a two-foot depth of the very best one of the more dependable and when compost., composed of two parts of old once established with healthy bulbs in leaf soil and one part of sharp sand a deep generous soil, with the best of added to the rather porous loam of drainage and good supplies of leaf mold the site. Planted on cushions of sand soon makes one of the features of the they were consigned to their fate as late August border. If one starts with there was some doubt of their hardiness. small bulbs the stalks of the first years The fo llowing spring their lo cation was will be somewhat overarching as in a accidentally dug into with the result Solomon's Seal, with one or more that only t.hree short stalks arose and flowers on the end, but as each year a multitude of separate leaves as large • Oct., 1929 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE 181

Lilian A . Guernsey [See page 178] H elenium autumnale 182 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE Oct., 1929

,

Lilian A. Guernsey [See page 178] Narcissus, M edusa Oct., 1929 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE 183

Lillian A. Guernsey [See page 180) Lilium speciosum 184 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE Oct., 1929 as some of the basal leaves of the Linum alpinum (the true trailing form) Madonna lily. Two of the three stalks Geranium pyzlowianum bore large trumpet shaped lilies which Geranium farreri (pink flowered) seemed rather clumsy on their short Potentilla fndicosa mandschurica stems and not as engaging as the fa­ Linaria aequitriloba miliar Regal. This year, however, two Clemantis alpina occidentalis stalks rose to a height of five feet with durandii flowers as in the illustration, two lcoreana smaller, and several with single flowers orientalis and others without bloom. tangtdica Superficially it resembles the Regal Lonicera morrowi lily although it flowers a little later in Pentstemon rattani minor the month with larger trumpets stained Caragana pygmaea with clear green on the outside and chamlagu delicate yellow green along the mid­ Yellow-fiowered tree peony . speCIes ribs in the inside. The scent is as from China. '- delightful as that of its cousin and Pink (Dorothy Perkins color)-flow­ like it it bears no bulbils in the axils ered buganvillea. of the leaves. One wonders a bit, after seeing centi­ Any readers having any of these folium, regale and wallichianum, if plants are invited to write directly to the trio does not make a series that the above address. runs down from China into India, and after seeing Sargentianae, sulphU1'eum and neilgherrense, if we do not have in them a parallel series bearing bulbils in the axils of their leaves. Washington, D. c. A BOOK OR TWO [ContinuedjTom page 165.]

PLANT WANTS An Introduction to the Stt~dy of Land­ scape Architecture, by Henry Vincent In spite of the frequency of com­ Hubbard and Theodora Kimball. plaints as to the lack of plants that Revised Edition. The Macmillan various American amateurs want and Company, New York, 1929. 419 can not find, the editor has a rather pages, illus. $6 .00. wan smile when he recalls that onlv about five or six inquiries have com"e The new edition is changed chiefly in asking about plants mentioned in in the reduction of the size of the the Shopper's Guide, which represents . pages, the omission of the color block notes taken from the reading of several from the half tone section, additions hundred catalogues. In the last issue to the index and various additions to was posted the notice of an oppor­ the bibliography. The text is ap­ \ tunity of listing of plants wanted by parently the same, addressed probably members. The following inquiry is to the young landscape architect, for the only one to date. It brings one it is too technical and too precise to to the reluctant conclusion that some make very palatable reading for any of the ill-tempered protests against one not already committed to active Quarantine 37 may possibly be founded interest in, if not study of, the pro­ on nothing more than personal preju­ fession. It should be noted perhaps dices. that the flavor and content is colored throughout by the Olmstedian princi­ Mrs. Charles H. Stout, ciples and that many matters which Charlecote, might well appear are either lacking Short Hills, N. J. or unfortunately touched upon. Oct., 1929 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE 185

Index for Volume 8

Amaryllis belladonna ...... 125 GERSDORFF, CHARLES E. F .-Fragrant Arabic Farm and Garden Book, From an 104 Hybriu Gladiolus 137 Armeria cespitosa . . 21 Gliricidia maculata . 120 Arnica montana . . . . 121 GOj'donia alatamaha . 34 Artemesia Silver King . 39 lasianthus . ] 20 Autumn Crocus . . . . 77 Grafting for Beginners 42 BEIRNE, M ARY McD .­ H AMBLIN, STEPHEN F.-Crested Irises 134 Ext ermination of Moles 79 HARDINC, MRS. EDW ARD.-Types of L ilium a1bratum . 173 Paeonia albijlora 71 . H onesty . . . . 146 Hardy Amaryllis 124 Helenium autumnale 178 B erberis gagnepainii 120 H esperis nivalis . . . 79 sargentiana 20, 120 Hires, T hura Truax: triacanthophora 120 Autumn Crocus ...... 77 verruculosa . . 22 Irises fo r the Garden Pageant 152 B ruckenthalia spiculif olia 21 H onesty ...... 146 Budding fo r Beginners . 138 Hovenia d'LL lcis 120 BUSBEE, I SABEL B.- Broad-leaved Evergreens 170 Incense, Manufacture of 61 Papaver .. 86 h is bulleyana . . 126 chTysographes 121, 126 Chinese Irises 126 cristata . 134 Crested Irises ...... 134 fOT1'est-Li 126 CORREVON, H.- The Lilies (T ranslation gracilipes 136 by B. H. Lane) 65 hoogiana 21 Cotoneast er dielsiana 138 .iaponica 136 divaricata 84 milesi 136 hebephylla 174 persica . 121 horizontalis 38 j'etiwlata .. 170 Crabgrass in Lawns . 173 sp. F. P. 1. 59021 128 Cunninghamia chinensis 120 spuTiu and allies 84 Cytisus Icewensis 22 stolonifera 21 praecox . 22 unguiculaTis 21 wattii 136 Daphne cneorum 21 wilsoni ...... 126 gnidium 120 Iris for t he Garden Pagent 152 mezereum 21 I xioliTion pallassi . . . . 120 odorum 120 Davidia involucrata ] 20 KEELER, Lucy ELLIOTT .-'-Hardy Ama- Descainea fargesii . . . . . 120 ryllis ...... 124 Deutzia scabra- candidissima 176 Dianthus lcnappi ...... 22 Lilies (Correvon-Lane) 65 Dodocatheon meadia . . . . . 81 Lili'um aUTatum . 173 D ORSETT, P . H.- batemanniae 121 H arvest F orks from Willow Trees 4 centifoliwn 180 The Manufacture of Incense 61 cernuul1t 121 Dryopl.eris novaboracensis 176 colchicum 121 D UFFY, SHERMAN R.- davidi 121 Seeds...... 92 .iaponicum ...... 74, 121 Trenching . . . . 91 K rameri see japonicum medeoloides 121 E chinocereus aggregatus 75 saTgentiae . . 90 E leagnus pungens . . . 137 speciosum .. 168, 180 ErythTea massoni 121 umbellatum 42 Loropetalum chinense 120 Fox, HELEN M.-From an Arabic Farm Lunaria biennis . 146 and Garden Book ...... 104 Lycoris a:urea 125 Fragrant Hybrid Gladiolus ...... ] 37 purpurea 22 squamigera 22, 124 GALLOWAY, BEVERLY T.-Speaking of Trees ...... 11 5 Moles, Extermination of 79 186 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE Oct., 1929

MULFORD . FURMAN LLOYD. - Dr. Walter Primulas ...... 146 Van Fleet .... 52 Pyracantha coccinea lalandi 34 gibbsi yunnanensis 34 N al'cis~us, Croesus . 42 ./ Pyxidanthera bre-vifolia . . . 167 Irish Pearl 86 Medusa . 178 Raphiolepis delacouri . . 74 Tapin .. 132 indicum 74 The Fawn ... 86 ovatum . 74 White Conqueror 132 Rhododendron nudiflorum 176 N epeta nuda . . ' . . . 75 Roscoea purpurea 121 ukranica 75 N m'ine fothergilla major 22 Sabatia angularis 168 New D affodils 132 Seeds ...... 92 Shopper's Guide 21, 74, 120, 160 Osmanthus aqt.ifolius 74 Silene when'yi 22 fortunei 74 Small doses 2(j Soil . . ... 2u Pachysandra p1'ocumbens . 130 Speaking of Trees 115 Paeonia albiflora, Types of 71 Statice latifolia 81 Papaver attica 86 Sternbe?'gia lutea . 179 \ Pa1'rottia pel'sica 120 Stewa1'lia monodelpha 120 Pentstemons . . . . . 75 pseudo camellia 120 Peonies for Exhibition . 72 Summer Pruning 144 Peonies, Random Notes 132 Sy?inga chine11sis 75 Phlox adst.1'gens 22 julianae 75 aT gillacea . 22 meyeri . 75 bifida 22 persica . 75 divaricata 39 pubescens 75, 121 kelseyi . . 22 reflexa 75 multijlo1'us 22 sweginzowii 75 ovata 22 pilosa 22 TRAUJJ, H A..'VIILTON.- stellana . 22,84 Development of HorticultUl'ul Liter­ Pittosporum tobirct. . 74, 17'2 ature, Chiefly between 1800-1 50. 7 Planting and Design . . 17 Horticultural Periodicals . . . . . 107 PodOCa1'p1lS macrophylla 120 Trenching, Pro and Con ...... 90,91 Polemonium confe1'ttlm 75 melitum 75 Van F leet, Dr. Walt.er 52 molle 75 Plant Introductions . . . . 57 occidentale 75 V iburm.m dilatattb?n . . . . . 136 1'obustum 75 Primula Aileen Aroon 166 WELLS, B. W.-Pyxidanthera bl'evifolia 167 anisidora 167 WHERRY, E. T .- Asthore .. 166 Neglected Natives: beesiana .. 167 Mountain Pachysandra ... . 130 buZleyana . 167 Rosegentian ...... 168 bU?'manica 167 WILLIAMSON, H. A.-Crabgrass in Lawns 173 coc1cbu?'niana 167 Words ...... 23, 76, 118, 168 crtspata 146 WOLLCOTT, MABEL.-Trenching 90 Etna . . 166 jlorindae . . 146, 167 YERKES, GUY E.- helodoxa . . . 167 Budding for Beginners 138 Ipswieh hybrids 167 Grafting for Beginners 42 .iaponica _. . . 166 Yucca gloriosa 121 littoniana . . 146 microdonta alpicola 167 ZauchneTia califon~ica 75 pulverulenta 167 Red Hugh .. 166 sik7cimensis 146, 167 Oct., 19~9 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE 187 STUMPP & WALTER CO. HIGH QUALITY Seeds, Bulbs, Plants Insecticides, Fertilizers Garden Sundries

CATALOG ISSUES J anuary 1st . GARDEN ANNUAL May 1st. ADVANCE BULB J uly 1st MIDSUMMER September 1 st . . FALL BULB

If you are a garden enthusiast and are not on our mailing list, write for a copy

STUMPP & WALTER CO. 30-32 Barclay Street NEW YORK CITY

THE W. B. SHAW AQUATIC GARDENS Few of nature's products are of such manifold use­ fulness in maintaining soil fertility as Granulated Peat KENILWORTH Moss. It is t he material which most Professional growers use and you know they secure admirable re­ WASHINGTON, D. C. sults. It more fully meets the popular favor than any other medium at any price. "G. P. M." Peat Moss is a natural moisture con­ server. Mixed with soil it holds plant food in solution Waterlilies for roots to assimilate. Heavy soils it renders friable and workable. freeing soluble salts in tbe clay. Sandy soils are compacted, humus encouraged, leeching pre­ jor Your Garden vented. and water held at levels available to roots. No better mulch can be offered than" G. P. M." -add a new note of interest­ Peat Moss. Contains DO noxious bacteria or fungi N at a weed seed can be found in it. For Evergreens, and are easy to grow. Shrubs. Roses. Rhododendrons. Fruit Trees. in short . all growing t hings are benefited by mulching with Peat 75 Varieties Moss. By keeping down weeds it saves labor. Write us for our comprehensive booklet whlch ex­ Hardy lilies may be p'lains everything. Better still. order a bale on our planted from early Spring . say-so" and prove it for yourself. After you have t hru August-tender lilies used it we will have gained you as a friend as well as in May and June. a customer. "G. P. M." Peat Moss comes in burlapped bales FLOWERS the first containing sufficient to cover at least 240 square feet one inch deep. It is shipped from a point near you summer and the cost is nominal. Write for prices and small sample. Other AQUATICS Also ATKINS & DURBROW, Inc. G31 Burling Slip, New York

Mem bers please mention T he National Horticultural Magazine in writing to advertisers. 188 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE Qs!t., 1929

THE GLEN ROAD IRIS GARDENS issue a connoisseur's list of Bearded Irises including American Introductions 51 Glen Road Wellesley Farms, Mass.

PAEONIA ARBOREA BANKS I (Tree Peony) Large, double, flesh-p,ink flowers; strong shrubs on their own roots, ea. $4; doz. UO. Very large specimen plants, 10 years old, having bloomed profusely during 1929, at $15 each. Ii erbaceous catalog on request OBERLIN PEONY GARDENS L. B. 15 Sinking Spring, Pa.

PRIZE WINNING IRIS and GLADIOLUS In order to introduce my large and comprehensive collection of Iris, I will, for one year, sell two plants for the retail price of one. Use any standard catalog for prices and descrip­ tions. Guaranteed satisfaction.

Prize Winner Collection of Gladiolus- 12 varieties-~3.00 FLORAL GARDENS, AInherst, Virginia

THE WAYSIDE GARDENS CO. MENTOR, OHIO

E. H. SCHULTZ, President J. J. GRULLEMANS, Secretary-Treasurer Hardy Herbaceous and Alpine Plants The demand for high-grade fi eld-grown plants and the higher standard of gardening now practiced by everyone has created the natural desire to grow everything of the best. Our fine strains of Delphiniums, Phlox, Peonies, Iris, and hundreds of other Perennials and Alpine Plants are, therefore, in greater demand than ever, and each succeeding season brings many additions to our already large list of clients throughout the United States. Every known worth-while rock plant that will grow satisfactorily for you is now to be found in our collection. Rugged, field-grown, 2 or 3 years old, ready for immediate results. Plants we stand back of, and packed so they will arrive in perfect condition. We will, without charge, cheerfully replace any that do not. eatalogue on Request The American Horticultural Society A Union of The National Horticultural Society and The American Horticultural Society

The Society publishes The National Horticultural Magazine, a quarterly journal issued in January, April, July and October to all its members. tt publishes special bulletins from time to time as material warrants special issues. Former bulletins of the Society may be secured from Ithe secretary as long as copies are available. Back numbers of the magazine are also available in limited quantities.

BULLETINS: No. 1. The Effect of Aluminum Sulphate on Rhododendron Seedlings, by Frederick V. Coville ...... • . . $2.00 No.2. Roses for America, by F. L. Mulford...... • . • 1.00 No.3. Insect Pests of Our Gardens and Their Control;by C. A. Weigel. 1.00 No.4. Soil Reaction in Relation to Horticulture, by Edgar T. Wherry . 1.00

CLASSES OF MEMBERSHIP: Annual Members.-Pttrsons who are interested in any branch of horticulture who shall pay annual dues of three dollars. Affiliated Members.-Horticultural societies, garden clubs,' societies devoted to special interests, or other local or district organizations interested in horti­ culture may become affiliated members. Any organization eligible for affiliation shall make application to the Board of Directors, who shall act upon it. An affiliated member shall pay annual dues of $3.00 and shall be entitled to the same benefits and privileges as an annual member, including one copy of all publica­ tions. Additional copies of publications will be furnished at the rate of $2.00 per year. All publications for an affiliated member shall be sent to one address. Life Members.-Persons interested in the purposes of the Society, who shall pay one hundred dollars. Patrons.-Persons interested in the objects and aims of the Society who con­ tribute two hundred dollars or more towards its support. Checks should be made payable to The American Horticultural Society and sent to D. Victor Lumsden, Secretary, 1629 Columbia Road, Washington, D. C. P .. ESS OP H. L. & J. B. McQUEEN. INC. WA8BINGTON . D. C.