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Liliaceae S.L. (Lily Family)
Liliaceae s.l. (Lily family) Photo: Ben Legler Photo: Hannah Marx Photo: Hannah Marx Lilium columbianum Xerophyllum tenax Trillium ovatum Liliaceae s.l. (Lily family) Photo: Yaowu Yuan Fritillaria lanceolata Ref.1 Textbook DVD KRR&DLN Erythronium americanum Allium vineale Liliaceae s.l. (Lily family) Herbs; Ref.2 Stems often modified as underground rhizomes, corms, or bulbs; Flowers actinomorphic; 3 sepals and 3 petals or 6 tepals, 6 stamens, 3 carpels, ovary superior (or inferior). Tulipa gesneriana Liliaceae s.l. (Lily family) “Liliaceae” s.l. (sensu lato: “in the broad sense”) - Lily family; 288 genera/4950 species, including Lilium, Allium, Trillium, Tulipa; This family is treated in a very broad sense in this class, as in the Flora of the Pacific Northwest. The “Liliaceae” s.l. taught in this class is not monophyletic. It is apparent now that the family should be treated in a narrower sense and some of the members should form their own families. Judd et al. recognize 15+ families: Agavaceae, Alliaceae, Amarylidaceae, Asparagaceae, Asphodelaceae, Colchicaceae, Dracaenaceae (Nolinaceae), Hyacinthaceae, Liliaceae, Melanthiaceae, Ruscaceae, Smilacaceae, Themidaceae, Trilliaceae, Uvulariaceae and more!!! (see web reading “Consider the Lilies”) Iridaceae (Iris family) Photo: Hannah Marx Photo: Hannah Marx Iris pseudacorus Iridaceae (Iris family) Photo: Yaowu Yuan Photo: Yaowu Yuan Sisyrinchium douglasii Sisyrinchium sp. Iridaceae (Iris family) Iridaceae - 78 genera/1750 species, Including Iris, Gladiolus, Sisyrinchium. Herbs, aquatic or terrestrial; Underground stems as rhizomes, bulbs, or corms; Leaves alternate, 2-ranked and equitant Ref.3 (oriented edgewise to the stem; Gladiolus italicus Flowers actinomorphic or zygomorphic; 3 sepals and 3 petals or 6 tepals; Stamens 3; Ovary of 3 fused carpels, inferior. -
Summary of Offerings in the PBS Bulb Exchange, Dec 2012- Nov 2019
Summary of offerings in the PBS Bulb Exchange, Dec 2012- Nov 2019 3841 Number of items in BX 301 thru BX 463 1815 Number of unique text strings used as taxa 990 Taxa offered as bulbs 1056 Taxa offered as seeds 308 Number of genera This does not include the SXs. Top 20 Most Oft Listed: BULBS Times listed SEEDS Times listed Oxalis obtusa 53 Zephyranthes primulina 20 Oxalis flava 36 Rhodophiala bifida 14 Oxalis hirta 25 Habranthus tubispathus 13 Oxalis bowiei 22 Moraea villosa 13 Ferraria crispa 20 Veltheimia bracteata 13 Oxalis sp. 20 Clivia miniata 12 Oxalis purpurea 18 Zephyranthes drummondii 12 Lachenalia mutabilis 17 Zephyranthes reginae 11 Moraea sp. 17 Amaryllis belladonna 10 Amaryllis belladonna 14 Calochortus venustus 10 Oxalis luteola 14 Zephyranthes fosteri 10 Albuca sp. 13 Calochortus luteus 9 Moraea villosa 13 Crinum bulbispermum 9 Oxalis caprina 13 Habranthus robustus 9 Oxalis imbricata 12 Haemanthus albiflos 9 Oxalis namaquana 12 Nerine bowdenii 9 Oxalis engleriana 11 Cyclamen graecum 8 Oxalis melanosticta 'Ken Aslet'11 Fritillaria affinis 8 Moraea ciliata 10 Habranthus brachyandrus 8 Oxalis commutata 10 Zephyranthes 'Pink Beauty' 8 Summary of offerings in the PBS Bulb Exchange, Dec 2012- Nov 2019 Most taxa specify to species level. 34 taxa were listed as Genus sp. for bulbs 23 taxa were listed as Genus sp. for seeds 141 taxa were listed with quoted 'Variety' Top 20 Most often listed Genera BULBS SEEDS Genus N items BXs Genus N items BXs Oxalis 450 64 Zephyranthes 202 35 Lachenalia 125 47 Calochortus 94 15 Moraea 99 31 Moraea -
Using Beautiful Flowering Bulbous (Geophytes) Plants in the Cemetery Gardens in the City of Tokat
J. Int. Environmental Application & Science, Vol. 11(2): 216-222 (2016) Using Beautiful Flowering Bulbous (Geophytes) Plants in the Cemetery Gardens in the City of Tokat Kübra Yazici∗, Hasan Köse2, Bahriye Gülgün3 1Gaziosmanpaşa University Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Horticulture, 60100, Taşlıçiftlik, Tokat, Turkey; 2 Celal Bayar University Alaşehir Vocational School Alaşehir; Manisa; 3Ege University Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Horticulture, 35100 Bornova, Izmir, TURKEY, Received March 25, 2016; Accepted June 12, 2016 Abstract: The importance of public green areas in urban environment, which is a sign of living standards and civilization, increase steadily. Because of the green areas they exhibit and their spiritual atmosphere, graveyards have importance. With increasing urbanization come the important duties of municipalities to arrange and maintain cemeteries. In recent years, organizations independent from municipalities have become interested in cemetery paysage. This situation has made cemetery paysage an important sector. The bulbous plants have a distinctive role in terms of cemetery paysage because of their nice odours, decorative flowers and the ease of maintenance. The field under study is the city of Tokat which is an old city in Turkey. This study has been carried out in various cemeteries in Tokat, namely, the Cemetery of Şeyhi-Şirvani, the Cemetery of Erenler, the Cemetery of Geyras, the Cemetery of Ali, and the Armenian Cemetery. Field observation have been carried out in terms of the leafing and flowering times of bulbous plants. At the end of the study, in designated regions in the before-mentioned cemeteries bulbous plants that naturally grow in these regions have been evaluated. In the urban cemeteries, these flowers are used the most: tulip, irises, hyacinth, daffodil and day lily (in decreasing order of use). -
Guide to the Flora of the Carolinas, Virginia, and Georgia, Working Draft of 17 March 2004 -- LILIACEAE
Guide to the Flora of the Carolinas, Virginia, and Georgia, Working Draft of 17 March 2004 -- LILIACEAE LILIACEAE de Jussieu 1789 (Lily Family) (also see AGAVACEAE, ALLIACEAE, ALSTROEMERIACEAE, AMARYLLIDACEAE, ASPARAGACEAE, COLCHICACEAE, HEMEROCALLIDACEAE, HOSTACEAE, HYACINTHACEAE, HYPOXIDACEAE, MELANTHIACEAE, NARTHECIACEAE, RUSCACEAE, SMILACACEAE, THEMIDACEAE, TOFIELDIACEAE) As here interpreted narrowly, the Liliaceae constitutes about 11 genera and 550 species, of the Northern Hemisphere. There has been much recent investigation and re-interpretation of evidence regarding the upper-level taxonomy of the Liliales, with strong suggestions that the broad Liliaceae recognized by Cronquist (1981) is artificial and polyphyletic. Cronquist (1993) himself concurs, at least to a degree: "we still await a comprehensive reorganization of the lilies into several families more comparable to other recognized families of angiosperms." Dahlgren & Clifford (1982) and Dahlgren, Clifford, & Yeo (1985) synthesized an early phase in the modern revolution of monocot taxonomy. Since then, additional research, especially molecular (Duvall et al. 1993, Chase et al. 1993, Bogler & Simpson 1995, and many others), has strongly validated the general lines (and many details) of Dahlgren's arrangement. The most recent synthesis (Kubitzki 1998a) is followed as the basis for familial and generic taxonomy of the lilies and their relatives (see summary below). References: Angiosperm Phylogeny Group (1998, 2003); Tamura in Kubitzki (1998a). Our “liliaceous” genera (members of orders placed in the Lilianae) are therefore divided as shown below, largely following Kubitzki (1998a) and some more recent molecular analyses. ALISMATALES TOFIELDIACEAE: Pleea, Tofieldia. LILIALES ALSTROEMERIACEAE: Alstroemeria COLCHICACEAE: Colchicum, Uvularia. LILIACEAE: Clintonia, Erythronium, Lilium, Medeola, Prosartes, Streptopus, Tricyrtis, Tulipa. MELANTHIACEAE: Amianthium, Anticlea, Chamaelirium, Helonias, Melanthium, Schoenocaulon, Stenanthium, Veratrum, Toxicoscordion, Trillium, Xerophyllum, Zigadenus. -
DPR Journal 2016 Corrected Final.Pmd
Bul. Dept. Pl. Res. No. 38 (A Scientific Publication) Government of Nepal Ministry of Forests and Soil Conservation Department of Plant Resources Thapathali, Kathmandu, Nepal 2016 ISSN 1995 - 8579 Bulletin of Department of Plant Resources No. 38 PLANT RESOURCES Government of Nepal Ministry of Forests and Soil Conservation Department of Plant Resources Thapathali, Kathmandu, Nepal 2016 Advisory Board Mr. Rajdev Prasad Yadav Ms. Sushma Upadhyaya Mr. Sanjeev Kumar Rai Managing Editor Sudhita Basukala Editorial Board Prof. Dr. Dharma Raj Dangol Dr. Nirmala Joshi Ms. Keshari Maiya Rajkarnikar Ms. Jyoti Joshi Bhatta Ms. Usha Tandukar Ms. Shiwani Khadgi Mr. Laxman Jha Ms. Ribita Tamrakar No. of Copies: 500 Cover Photo: Hypericum cordifolium and Bistorta milletioides (Dr. Keshab Raj Rajbhandari) Silene helleboriflora (Ganga Datt Bhatt), Potentilla makaluensis (Dr. Hiroshi Ikeda) Date of Publication: April 2016 © All rights reserved Department of Plant Resources (DPR) Thapathali, Kathmandu, Nepal Tel: 977-1-4251160, 4251161, 4268246 E-mail: [email protected] Citation: Name of the author, year of publication. Title of the paper, Bul. Dept. Pl. Res. N. 38, N. of pages, Department of Plant Resources, Kathmandu, Nepal. ISSN: 1995-8579 Published By: Mr. B.K. Khakurel Publicity and Documentation Section Dr. K.R. Bhattarai Department of Plant Resources (DPR), Kathmandu,Ms. N. Nepal. Joshi Dr. M.N. Subedi Reviewers: Dr. Anjana Singh Ms. Jyoti Joshi Bhatt Prof. Dr. Ram Prashad Chaudhary Mr. Baidhya Nath Mahato Dr. Keshab Raj Rajbhandari Ms. Rose Shrestha Dr. Bijaya Pant Dr. Krishna Kumar Shrestha Ms. Shushma Upadhyaya Dr. Bharat Babu Shrestha Dr. Mahesh Kumar Adhikari Dr. Sundar Man Shrestha Dr. -
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1 the Global Flower Bulb Industry
1 The Global Flower Bulb Industry: Production, Utilization, Research Maarten Benschop Hobaho Testcentrum Hillegom, The Netherlands Rina Kamenetsky Department of Ornamental Horticulture Agricultural Research Organization The Volcani Center Bet Dagan 50250, Israel Marcel Le Nard Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique 29260 Ploudaniel, France Hiroshi Okubo Laboratory of Horticultural Science Kyushu University 6-10-1 Hakozaki, Higashi-ku Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan August De Hertogh Department of Horticultural Science North Carolina State University Raleigh, NC 29565-7609, USA COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL I. INTRODUCTION II. HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVES III. GLOBALIZATION OF THE WORLD FLOWER BULB INDUSTRY A. Utilization and Development of Expanded Markets Horticultural Reviews, Volume 36 Edited by Jules Janick Copyright Ó 2010 Wiley-Blackwell. 1 2 M. BENSCHOP, R. KAMENETSKY, M. LE NARD, H. OKUBO, AND A. DE HERTOGH B. Introduction of New Crops C. International Conventions IV. MAJOR AREAS OF RESEARCH A. Plant Breeding and Genetics 1. Breeders’ Right and Variety Registration 2. Hortus Bulborum: A Germplasm Repository 3. Gladiolus 4. Hyacinthus 5. Iris (Bulbous) 6. Lilium 7. Narcissus 8. Tulipa 9. Other Genera B. Physiology 1. Bulb Production 2. Bulb Forcing and the Flowering Process 3. Morpho- and Physiological Aspects of Florogenesis 4. Molecular Aspects of Florogenesis C. Pests, Physiological Disorders, and Plant Growth Regulators 1. General Aspects for Best Management Practices 2. Diseases of Ornamental Geophytes 3. Insects of Ornamental Geophytes 4. Physiological Disorders of Ornamental Geophytes 5. Exogenous Plant Growth Regulators (PGR) D. Other Research Areas 1. Specialized Facilities and Equipment for Flower Bulbs52 2. Transportation of Flower Bulbs 3. Forcing and Greenhouse Technology V. MAJOR FLOWER BULB ORGANIZATIONS A. -
A Revision of Perissocarpa STEYERM. & MAGUIRE (Ochnaceae)
©Naturhistorisches Museum Wien, download unter www.biologiezentrum.at Ann. Naturhist. Mus. Wien 100 B 683 - 707 Wien, Dezember 1998 A revision of Perissocarpa STEYERM. & MAGUIRE (Ochnaceae) B. Wallnöfer* With contributions by B. Kartusch (wood anatomy) and H. Halbritter (pollen morphology). Abstract The genus Perissocarpa (Ochnaceae) is revised. It comprises 3 species: P. ondox sp.n. from Peru, P. steyermarkii and P. umbellifera, both from northern Brazil and Venezuela. New observations concerning floral biology and ecology, fruits and epigeous germination are presented: The petals are found to remain tightly and permanently connate, forming a cap, which protects the poricidal anthers from moisture and is shed as a whole in the course of buzz pollination. Full descriptions, including illustrations of species, a key for identification, a distribution map and a list of exsiccatae are provided. A new key for distinguishing between Perissocarpa and Elvasia is also presented. Chapters on wood anatomy and pollen morphology are contributed by B. Kartusch and H. Halbritter, respectively. Key words: Ochnaceae, Perissocarpa, Elvasia, floral biology and ecology, buzz pollination, South America, Brazil, Peru, Venezuela, wood anatomy, pollen morphology, growth form. Zusammenfassung Die Gattung Perissocarpa (Ochnaceae) wird einer Revision unterzogen und umfaßt nunmehr 3 Arten (P. ondox sp.n. aus Peru, P. steyermarkii und P. umbellifera, beide aus Nord-Brasilien und Venezuela). Neue Beobachtungen zur Biologie und Ökologie der Blüten, den Früchten und zur epigäischen Keimung werden vorgestellt: Beispielsweise bleiben die Kronblätter andauernd eng verbunden und bilden eine kappen-ähnliche Struktur, die die poriziden Antheren vor Nässe schützt und im Verlaufe der "buzz pollination" als Ganzes abgeworfen wird. -
Elucidating and Mining the Tulipa and Lilium Transcriptomes
Plant Mol Biol DOI 10.1007/s11103-016-0508-1 Elucidating and mining the Tulipa and Lilium transcriptomes Natalia M. Moreno-Pachon1 · Hendrika A. C. F. Leeggangers1 · Harm Nijveen1,2 · Edouard Severing2,3 · Henk Hilhorst4 · Richard G. H. Immink1 Received: 26 April 2016 / Accepted: 27 June 2016 © The Author(s) 2016. This article is published with open access at Springerlink.com Abstract Genome sequencing remains a challenge for resource via a user-friendly web-based interface. The species with large and complex genomes containing exten- Illumina HiSeq 2000 platform was applied and the tran- sive repetitive sequences, of which the bulbous and mono- scribed RNA was sequenced from a collection of different cotyledonous plants tulip and lily are examples. In such lily and tulip tissues, respectively. In order to obtain good a case, sequencing of only the active part of the genome, transcriptome coverage and to facilitate effective data min- represented by the transcriptome, is a good alternative to ing, assembly was done using different filtering parameters obtain information about gene content. In this study we for clearing out contamination and noise of the RNAseq aimed to generate a high quality transcriptome of tulip datasets. This analysis revealed limitations of commonly and lily and to make this data available as an open-access applied methods and parameter settings used in de novo transcriptome assembly. The final created transcriptomes are publicly available via a user friendly Transcriptome browser (http://www.bioinformatics.nl/bulbs/db/species/ Natalia M. Moreno-Pachon, Hendrika A.C.F. Leeggangers and Harm index). The usefulness of this resource has been exempli- Nijveen have equally contributed equally to this work. -
Growing Lilies in the Pacific Northwest
Growing Lilies in the Pacific Northwest Planting and Care of Lilies (lilium) Below you will find useful planting/care instructions. And some helpful hints I have learned over the years. Consequently, helping your lilies thrive for years of enjoyment. Also, notice we recommend our Power Grow product line. Developed over ten years, our Power Grow products are best suited for growing all lilies. Therefore, maintaining a healthy bulb, plants, and flowers. Most Popular Lilies Asian Hybrid Lilies Asian hybrid lilies are easiest to grow. And mostly non-fragrant. However, some have a subtle fragrance. They come in all shades and color combinations, too. Multiplying rapidly, they bloom over long periods. As well as in the Fall. Similarly, the flowers can be up facing, side facing or down facing. Additionally, Asian lilies vary in height. From 12 inches to 36 inches. Also, flowering early to mid season (depending on the cultivar). Orientals, Trumpet and Aurelian’s Orientals, Trumpets, and Aurelians are the most exotic. And showy of all lilies. But also multiply more slowly. Also, can be grown in somewhat arid, colder climates. And in low fertile soil. However, will be more effort for good survival in these conditions. Likewise, amending the soil, providing heavier winter protection with mulch coverings is recommended. Spring planting allows them to settle in. And are more apt to make it through harsh winters. Growing here locally, protect them from getting too wet. Especially over winter. Likewise, during extreme cold weather will allow the bulbs to mature more fully for the following year. The large beautiful scented flowers that bloom late summer will be well worth any extra effort. -
October 2004
$WODQWLF5KRGR ZZZ$WODQWLF5KRGRRUJ 9ROXPH1XPEHU 2FWREHU 2FWREHU 3RVLWLRQVRI5HVSRQVLELOLW\ President Penny Gael 826-2440 Director - Social Sandy Brown 683-2615 Vice-President Available Director - R.S.C. Horticulture Audrey Fralic 683-2711 (National) Rep. Sheila Stevenson 479-3740 Director Anitra Laycock 852-2502 Secretary Lyla MacLean 466-449 Newsletter Mary Helleiner 429-0213 Treasurer Chris Hopgood 479-0811 Website Tom Waters 429-3912 Membership Betty MacDonald 852-2779 Library Shirley McIntyre 835-3673 Past President Sheila Stevenson 479-3740 Seed Exchange Sharon Bryson 863-6307 Director - Education Jenny Sandison 624-9013 May - Advance Plant Sale Ken Shannik 422-2413 Director - Communications Mary Helleiner 429-0213 May- Public Plant Sale Duff & Donna Evers 835-2586 0HPEHUVKLS Fees are due on January 1, 2005. Annual dues are $ 15.00 for individuals or families. Make cheques payable to Atlantic Rhododendron and Horticultural Society. Send them to ARHS Membership Secretary, Betty MacDonald, 534 Prospect Bay Road, Prospect Bay, NS B3T1Z8. Please renew your membership now. When renewing, please include your telephone number and e-mail. This information will be used for Society purposes only (co-ordination of potluck suppers and other events) and will be kept strictly confidential. The Website address for the American Rhododendron Society is www.rhododendron.org for those wishing to renew their membership or become new members of the ARS. AtlanticRhodo is the Newsletter of the Atlantic Rhododendron and Horticultural Society. We welcome your comments, suggestions, articles, photos and other material for publication. Send all material to the editor. (GLWRU 0DU\ +HOOHLQHU 0DUOERURXJK $YH Published three times a year. February, May and October. -
Drupe. Fruit with a Hard Endocarp (Figs. 67 and 71-73); E.G., and Sterculiaceae (Helicteres Guazumaefolia, Sterculia)
Fig. 71. Fig. 72. Fig. 73. Drupe. Fruit with a hard endocarp (figs. 67 and 71-73); e.g., and Sterculiaceae (Helicteres guazumaefolia, Sterculia). Anacardiaceae (Spondias purpurea, S. mombin, Mangifera indi- Desmopsis bibracteata (Annonaceae) has aggregate follicles ca, Tapirira), Caryocaraceae (Caryocar costaricense), Chrysobal- with constrictions between successive seeds, similar to those anaceae (Licania), Euphorbiaceae (Hyeronima), Malpighiaceae found in loments. (Byrsonima crispa), Olacaceae (Minquartia guianensis), Sapin- daceae (Meliccocus bijugatus), and Verbenaceae (Vitex cooperi). Samaracetum. Aggregate of samaras (fig. 74); e.g., Aceraceae (Acer pseudoplatanus), Magnoliaceae (Liriodendron tulipifera Hesperidium. Septicidal berry with a thick pericarp (fig. 67). L.), Sapindaceae (Thouinidium dodecandrum), and Tiliaceae Most of the fruit is derived from glandular trichomes. It is (Goethalsia meiantha). typical of the Rutaceae (Citrus). Multiple Fruits Aggregate Fruits Multiple fruits are found along a single axis and are usually coalescent. The most common types follow: Several types of aggregate fruits exist (fig. 74): Bibacca. Double fused berry; e.g., Lonicera. Achenacetum. Cluster of achenia; e.g., the strawberry (Fra- garia vesca). Sorosis. Fruits usually coalescent on a central axis; they derive from the ovaries of several flowers; e.g., Moraceae (Artocarpus Baccacetum or etaerio. Aggregate of berries; e.g., Annonaceae altilis). (Asimina triloba, Cananga odorata, Uvaria). The berries can be aggregate and syncarpic as in Annona reticulata, A. muricata, Syconium. Syncarp with many achenia in the inner wall of a A. pittieri and other species. hollow receptacle (fig. 74); e.g., Ficus. Drupacetum. Aggregate of druplets; e.g., Bursera simaruba THE GYMNOSPERM FRUIT (Burseraceae). Fertilization stimulates the growth of young gynostrobiles Folliacetum. Aggregate of follicles; e.g., Annonaceae which in species such as Pinus are more than 1 year old.