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Phylogenetic Relationship and Evolution Analysis of the Peony Paeonia Species Using Multi-Locus Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) Barcodes
Journal of Medicinal Plants Research Vol. 6(37), pp. 5048-5058, 26 September, 2012 Available online at http://www.academicjournals.org/JMPR DOI: 10.5897/JMPR11.1733 ISSN 1996-0875 ©2012 Academic Journals Full Length Research Paper Phylogenetic relationship and evolution analysis of the peony Paeonia species using multi-locus deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) barcodes Yan-Lin Sun1,2 and Soon-Kwan Hong2,3* 1School of Life Sciences, Ludong University, Yantai, Shandong, 264-025, China. 2Department of Bio-Health Technology, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Kangwon, 200-701, Korea. 3Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Kangwon, 200-701, Korea. Accepted 6 July, 2012 Paeonia is a phylogenetically and taxonomically complex group. In this study, two chloroplast coding region of the matK and rbcL genes, two intergenic spacers, 5’ trnK-matK and matK-3’ trnK, the ribosomal RNA 18S and 5S genes, and the nuclear ribosomal DNA ITS gene were sequenced to study phylogenetic relationships of four Paeonia species. In the matK coding region, most nucleotide variations pointed at the divergence between Paeonia suffruticosa (MO) and other three species, strongly supporting the phylogenetic evolution of section Paeonia and section Moutan in the Paeonia genus; the variable sites of Paeonia lactiflora CHA1 accession compared to CHA accession were all identical to Paeonia obovata SHAN accession, indicating that CHA1 might be a hybrid result of CHA and SHAN. Another chloroplast coding region, rbcL showed lower variation rate and less phylogenetic information than the matK region in all four Paeonia species investigated in this study, while the 5S rRNA gene and nrDNA ITS region showed higher variation rate. -
The Bulletin and Nia and Public Interest Therein
The AMERICAN PEONY SOCIETY Bulletin Spring 2021; No. 397 Photo courtesy Nick Maycher Anticipation... THE AMERICAN PEONY SOCIETY MEMBERSHIP & THE APS BULLETIN (APS) is a nonprofit horticultural orga- Dues are paid for the calendar year. nization incorporated as a member- Dues received before August 25 are re- ship corporation under the laws of the corded for the current year and mem- State of Missouri. APS is organized ex- bers will be sent all four issues of The clusively for educational and scientific Bulletin for that year (while supplies purposes, and especially to promote, last). Dues received between August encourage and foster the development 25 and November 25 will receive the and improvement of the genus Paeo- December issue of The Bulletin and nia and public interest therein. These all issues for the following year. Mem- purposes are expressly limited so that berships received after November 25 APS qualifies as an exempt organi- will be recorded for the following year. zation under section 501(c)(5) of the Online reading is available for the five Internal Revenue Code of 1954 or the most current Bulletin issues. Those corresponding provision of any future with online-only membership will not Internal Revenue law. Donors may not receive printed Bulletins. Membership deduct contributions to APS. information and an online registration Opinions expressed by contributors to form are available on the APS website. this publication are solely those of the Individual memberships are for one individual writers and do not necessar- or two persons at the same address, ily reflect the opinions of the APS Edi- receiving one copy of The Bulletin. -
DPR Journal 2016 Corrected Final.Pmd
Bul. Dept. Pl. Res. No. 38 (A Scientific Publication) Government of Nepal Ministry of Forests and Soil Conservation Department of Plant Resources Thapathali, Kathmandu, Nepal 2016 ISSN 1995 - 8579 Bulletin of Department of Plant Resources No. 38 PLANT RESOURCES Government of Nepal Ministry of Forests and Soil Conservation Department of Plant Resources Thapathali, Kathmandu, Nepal 2016 Advisory Board Mr. Rajdev Prasad Yadav Ms. Sushma Upadhyaya Mr. Sanjeev Kumar Rai Managing Editor Sudhita Basukala Editorial Board Prof. Dr. Dharma Raj Dangol Dr. Nirmala Joshi Ms. Keshari Maiya Rajkarnikar Ms. Jyoti Joshi Bhatta Ms. Usha Tandukar Ms. Shiwani Khadgi Mr. Laxman Jha Ms. Ribita Tamrakar No. of Copies: 500 Cover Photo: Hypericum cordifolium and Bistorta milletioides (Dr. Keshab Raj Rajbhandari) Silene helleboriflora (Ganga Datt Bhatt), Potentilla makaluensis (Dr. Hiroshi Ikeda) Date of Publication: April 2016 © All rights reserved Department of Plant Resources (DPR) Thapathali, Kathmandu, Nepal Tel: 977-1-4251160, 4251161, 4268246 E-mail: [email protected] Citation: Name of the author, year of publication. Title of the paper, Bul. Dept. Pl. Res. N. 38, N. of pages, Department of Plant Resources, Kathmandu, Nepal. ISSN: 1995-8579 Published By: Mr. B.K. Khakurel Publicity and Documentation Section Dr. K.R. Bhattarai Department of Plant Resources (DPR), Kathmandu,Ms. N. Nepal. Joshi Dr. M.N. Subedi Reviewers: Dr. Anjana Singh Ms. Jyoti Joshi Bhatt Prof. Dr. Ram Prashad Chaudhary Mr. Baidhya Nath Mahato Dr. Keshab Raj Rajbhandari Ms. Rose Shrestha Dr. Bijaya Pant Dr. Krishna Kumar Shrestha Ms. Shushma Upadhyaya Dr. Bharat Babu Shrestha Dr. Mahesh Kumar Adhikari Dr. Sundar Man Shrestha Dr. -
The Peony Group Newsletter Autumn 2015
The Peony Group of the Hardy Plant Society Newsletter Autumn 2015 !1 Paeonia decomposita Paeonia peregrina Paeonia tenuifolia In Tom Mitchell’s poly tunnel !2 Editorial John Hudson In this issue we have, as well as reports from the of5icers and an account of the 2015 Peony Day, two welcome articles from new members. Sue Hough and Sue Lander are both active in the Ranunculaceae group of the HPS. There is quite a strong common membership with our group; several of us attended both group meetings, which were on successive days, this year. The peonies were in the Ranunculaceae once (indeed, still are in one well-known catalogue) : to many of us peonies looK more liKe hellebores than aquilegias do. Sue Hough's article also promoted interest in the P. obovata group as the succeeding article shows. We also have the latest of Judy Templar's reports on peonies in the wild. At the other end of the peony spectrum, Itoh hybrids are becoming well Known, as many of us saw on the Peony Day and as we shall see at Claire Austin's nursery in 2016. Irene Tibbenham drew my attention to the promotion of a new race of "Patio Peonies" for growing in pots in small gardens; see https://www.rhs.org.uK/plants/plants-blogs/plants/november-2014/patio-peonies. It remains to be seen if these catch on. They are unliKely to usurp the place of Lacti5lora peonies, those most sumptuous of early summer 5lowers, which are the theme of our next Peony Day. ThanKs to Sandra Hartley for her account of this year’s peony day. -
Lin Li 2 , Fang-Yun Cheng 3,4 , and Qi-Xiang Zhang 2
American Journal of Botany: e16–e18. 2011. AJB Primer Notes & Protocols in the Plant Sciences M ICROSATELLITE MARKERS FOR THE CHINESE HERBACEOUS 1 PEONY PAEONIA LACTIFLORA (PAEONIACEAE) Lin Li 2 , Fang-yun Cheng 3,4 , and Qi-xiang Zhang 2 2 National Flower Engineering Research Center, Key Laboratory for the Genetics and Breeding of Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Beijing 100083, China; 3 Landscape Architecture College of Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China • Premise of the study : Microsatellite (simple sequence repeat, SSR) primers were developed for the Chinese peony, P. lactifl ora , to investigate the diversity within Chinese peony germplasm resources. • Methods and Results : Using an SSR-enriched genomic library, a set of 10 unique polymorphic genomic SSRs was developed and characterized. The primers amplifi ed 61 alleles in all 10 loci, including di-, tri-, and tetranucleotide repeats. The primers were also effective for P. veitchii and P. obovata . • Conclusions : The new primers will be useful for genetic research of the Chinese peony and extend the repertoire of SSR markers available to study the herbaceous taxa in Paeonia . Key words: enriched library; microsatellite; Paeonia lactifl ora ; primer. Paeonia (Peoniaceae) includes woody and herbaceous spe- because of its wide ecological adaptation, strong resistance to cies, respectively called Mudan and Shaoyao in China. The stress environments, and the variability in fl ower color and germplasm is important to the fl oral and medicinal industries. form from the offspring of seeds. Therefore, suitable molecular Although herbaceous peonies traditionally have not been as de- markers are greatly needed to identify, assess, conserve, and sirable and popular as endemic tree peonies in China, varieties use the germplasm of P. -
S Crossing Experiments in the Genus Paeonia, with the Object Both of Ob
CYTOGENETIC STUDIES IN PAEONIA I. THE COMPATIBILITY OF THE SPECIES AND THE APPEARANCE OF THE HYBRIDS A. P. SAUNDERS AND G. L. STEBBINS, JR. Hamilton College, Clinton, New York, and University oj California, Berkeley, California Received September 4, 1937 INTRODUCTION INCE 1916, the senior author has carried on an extensive series of S crossing experiments in the genus Paeonia, with the object both of ob- taining new horticultural forms and of securing evidence concerning the interrelationships of the species and the processes of evolution within the genus. Some accounts of the hybrids have already been published (SAUN- DERS 1928, 1933a, 193313). The junior author began cytological work on the species and hybrids in 1932, continuing that started by the late Dr. G. C. HICKS,whose work along with additional data obtained by the junior author has also been published (HICKSand STEBBINS1934). Since that time the cytological as well as the morphological study of the hybrids has progressed steadily, except that it was somewhat interrupted by the departure of the junior author for California in 1935. The following limitations prevent a cytogenetic study of this genus com- parable to that carried on in other genera, such as Crepis, Nicotiana, and Datura. Peony seeds are slow of germination, and the plant takes several years to mature; from the date of hybridization to the season of first blooms is usually a gap of six or seven years. This makes it difficult for one individual to raise many successive generations. An added difficulty is that most interspecific hybrids in Paeonia are completely sterile for at least two or three years after they first begin to bloom; older plants of al- most all the hybrids, when they have established themselves as strong clumps, set occasional seeds, usually not more than one or two to an entire plant. -
Preliminary Evaluation of a Granite Rock Dust Product for Pest Herbivore Management in Field Conditions
insects Article Preliminary Evaluation of a Granite Rock Dust Product for Pest Herbivore Management in Field Conditions Nicoletta Faraone 1,* and N. Kirk Hillier 2 1 Chemistry Department, Acadia University, Wolfville, NS B4P 2R6, Canada 2 Biology Department, Acadia University, Wolfville, NS B4P 2R6, Canada; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +1-902-585-1320 Received: 16 November 2020; Accepted: 9 December 2020; Published: 11 December 2020 Simple Summary: Rock dusts, including granite rock dust, are a rich source of silicon, one of the most abundant elements in the earth’s crust. Silicon exerts repellent, insecticidal and anti-ovipositional activities against agricultural pests. When accumulated on plant tissue, it can also form a mechanical barrier that increases resistance to pest attack. In the present work, we examined the effect of granite dust in managing herbivores under field conditions, evaluating the repellent and insecticidal activity against pests in lily, cabbage, and squash plants. Rock dust provided significant protection against specialist lily leaf beetles but was not effective in reducing general herbivore damage to field-grown cabbage and squash plants. Interestingly, rock dust also improved squash plant yield, increasing fruit size 2.5-fold. Overall, these results suggest granite as a beneficial alternative to synthetic pesticides with potential to manage pest herbivores, and to boost plant health. Abstract: The effects of granite rock dust in dry and aqueous formulations were evaluated under field conditions for control of insect pests in different crop systems and ornamental plants. We tested efficacy of crop protection following foliar applications on lily, squash, and cabbage plants by evaluating subsequent pest damage, overall plant health, and quantity of crops produced over one season. -
Is It Possible to Distinguish Alien Species of Beetles (Coleoptera) from Native Ones? M
ISSN 0013-8738, Entomological Review, 2016, Vol. 96, No. 3, pp. ???–???. © Pleiades Publishing, Inc., 2016. Original Russian Text © M.Ja. Orlova-Bienkowskaja, 2016, published in Entomologicheskoe Obozrenie, 2016, Vol. 95, No. 2, pp. 71–89. Is It Possible to Distinguish Alien Species of Beetles (Coleoptera) from Native Ones? M. Ja. Orlova-Bienkowskaja Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119071 Russia e-mail: [email protected] Received May 25, 2015 Abstract—Species established outside their native ranges are termed alien. Biological invasions of beetles are poorly studied. Distinguishing between alien and native species is necessary for conservation as well as for taxo- nomic, zoogeographic, and evolutionary studies. It constitutes a difficult problem, but the experience of botany and some branches of zoology gives reasons to believe that it is not unsolvable. The following criteria for distinguish- ing alien beetle species from native ones are proposed based on the criteria developed for plants, algae, mammals, and marine invertebrates: (1) detection of an established population of the species which has not been recorded ear- lier in the region; (2) disjunction of the range which cannot be explained by disjunction of suitable landscapes or host plant ranges; (3) expansion of a part of the range isolated from its main part; (4) highly localized distribution in an area adjacent to a known invasion pathway; (5) establishment in other regions; (6) dependency on another non-native species (feeding -
21. ARISAEMA Martius, Flora 14: 459. 1831
Fl. China 23: 43–69. 2010. 21. ARISAEMA Martius, Flora 14: 459. 1831. 天南星属 tian nan xing shu Li Heng (李恒 Li Hen), Zhu Guanghua (朱光华); Jin Murata Herbs with tuber or rhizome, paradioecious (sex depending on nutrition and therefore variable from one year to another). Tuber usually renewed seasonally and producing some tubercles around, these separated from old tuber at end of growth season. Rhizome usually cylindric, with many nodes, not renewed every year, usually preceding evergreen or wintergreen leaves. Roots usually growing at apex of tuber around cataphylls or at new nodes of rhizome. Cataphylls 3–5, herbaceous or membranous, surrounding basal part of shoot. Pseudostem consisting of basal cylindric part of petiole present or absent. Leaves 1–3, long petiolate; petiole usually mottled, stout, smooth or verrucose; leaf blade 3-foliolate, palmate, pedate, or radiate. Inflorescence borne with or before leaves, solitary, pedunculate, emerging from pseudostem in tuberous or some rhizomatous plants or separately from petiole and directly surrounded by cataphylls in some rhizomatous plants; peduncle (excluding part within pseudostem) erect, stout, usually shorter than or sometimes equaling or longer than petioles (excluding part forming pseudostem). Spathe tubular proximally, expanded limb distally, deciduous, withering or rarely semipersistent; throat of spathe tube often widely spreading outward, with or without an auricle on each side, margins of throat ciliate or not; spathe limb occasionally with a long tail at apex. Spadix sessile, unisexual or bisexual; bisexual spadix female proximally, male distally, neuter (sterile) flowers sometimes present on appendix; appendix variable in shape, base stipitate or not, apex sometimes ending in long filiform flagellum. -
Lilium Polyphyllum D
Marsland Press Journal of American Science 2009;5(5):85-90 Anatomical features of Lilium polyphyllum D. Don ex Royle (Liliaceae) Anurag Dhyani1, Yateesh Mohan Bahuguna1, Dinesh Prasad Semwal2, Bhagwati Prasad Nautiyal3, Mohan Chandra Nautiyal1 1. High Altitude Plant Physiology Research Centre, Srinagar, Pin- 246174, Uttarakhand, INDIA 2. Department of Botany, Delhi University, Pin-110007, Delhi, INDIA 3. Department of Horticulture, Aromatic and Medicinal Plant, Mizoram University, Aizawl, Pin- 796001, Mizoram, INDIA [email protected] Abstract: Present paper reports anatomical investigation of Lilium polyphyllum, a critically endangered important medicinal herb. Plant samples were collected from Dhanolti, a temperate region in North-west Himalaya, Uttarakhand, India. Transverse sections of plant parts viz., stem, leaf, anther, stigma, ovary, seed, bulb scale, bulb peel and root were investigated. In leaves, stomata are hypostomatic and anomocytic type. Pollen shape was ellipsoid and its surface was reticulate, it also possesses oil drops. Ovary is superior and having axile placentation, ovules are anatropous. Sections of bulb scale show eccentric type starch grains and tracheids. Stem section show scattered vascular bundles. These anatomical features will help to provide information of taxonomic significance. [Journal of American Science 2009; 5(5): 85-90]. (ISSN: 1545-1003). Key Words: Anatomy; Oil drop; Pollen; Starch grains; Stomata; Tracheids 1. Introduction: The taxonomic classification divides the genus Lilium polyphyllum is a bulbous, perennial herb Lilium into seven sections (Comber, 1949; De Jong, (Figure 1, 2) and recently reported as critically 1974) with approximately 100 species distributed endangered (Ved et al., 2003). The species found in throughout the cold and temperate region of the North-west Himalaya in India to westward of northern hemisphere. -
History and Current Status of Systematic Research with Araceae
HISTORY AND CURRENT STATUS OF SYSTEMATIC RESEARCH WITH ARACEAE Thomas B. Croat Missouri Botanical Garden P. O. Box 299 St. Louis, MO 63166 U.S.A. Note: This paper, originally published in Aroideana Vol. 21, pp. 26–145 in 1998, is periodically updated onto the IAS web page with current additions. Any mistakes, proposed changes, or new publications that deal with the systematics of Araceae should be brought to my attention. Mail to me at the address listed above, or e-mail me at [email protected]. Last revised November 2004 INTRODUCTION The history of systematic work with Araceae has been previously covered by Nicolson (1987b), and was the subject of a chapter in the Genera of Araceae by Mayo, Bogner & Boyce (1997) and in Curtis's Botanical Magazine new series (Mayo et al., 1995). In addition to covering many of the principal players in the field of aroid research, Nicolson's paper dealt with the evolution of family concepts and gave a comparison of the then current modern systems of classification. The papers by Mayo, Bogner and Boyce were more comprehensive in scope than that of Nicolson, but still did not cover in great detail many of the participants in Araceae research. In contrast, this paper will cover all systematic and floristic work that deals with Araceae, which is known to me. It will not, in general, deal with agronomic papers on Araceae such as the rich literature on taro and its cultivation, nor will it deal with smaller papers of a technical nature or those dealing with pollination biology. -
Sustainable Sourcing : Markets for Certified Chinese
SUSTAINABLE SOURCING: MARKETS FOR CERTIFIED CHINESE MEDICINAL AND AROMATIC PLANTS In collaboration with SUSTAINABLE SOURCING: MARKETS FOR CERTIFIED CHINESE MEDICINAL AND AROMATIC PLANTS SUSTAINABLE SOURCING: MARKETS FOR CERTIFIED CHINESE MEDICINAL AND AROMATIC PLANTS Abstract for trade information services ID=43163 2016 SITC-292.4 SUS International Trade Centre (ITC) Sustainable Sourcing: Markets for Certified Chinese Medicinal and Aromatic Plants. Geneva: ITC, 2016. xvi, 141 pages (Technical paper) Doc. No. SC-2016-5.E This study on the market potential of sustainably wild-collected botanical ingredients originating from the People’s Republic of China with fair and organic certifications provides an overview of current export trade in both wild-collected and cultivated botanical, algal and fungal ingredients from China, market segments such as the fair trade and organic sectors, and the market trends for certified ingredients. It also investigates which international standards would be the most appropriate and applicable to the special case of China in consideration of its biodiversity conservation efforts in traditional wild collection communities and regions, and includes bibliographical references (pp. 139–140). Descriptors: Medicinal Plants, Spices, Certification, Organic Products, Fair Trade, China, Market Research English For further information on this technical paper, contact Mr. Alexander Kasterine ([email protected]) The International Trade Centre (ITC) is the joint agency of the World Trade Organization and the United Nations. ITC, Palais des Nations, 1211 Geneva 10, Switzerland (www.intracen.org) Suggested citation: International Trade Centre (2016). Sustainable Sourcing: Markets for Certified Chinese Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, International Trade Centre, Geneva, Switzerland. This publication has been produced with the financial assistance of the European Union.